1 geant4: applications in medical physics b. caccia department of technology and health istituto...
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GEANT4:
Applications in Medical PhysicsB. Caccia
Department of Technology and HealthIstituto Superiore di Sanità
(Italian National Institute of Health)and INFN, Roma
G.A.P.CirroneIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Catania [email protected]
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy2
Content
Why MonteCarlo in Medical Physics?
GEANT4 GEANT4 for Medical Physics Radiotherapy example Start the tutorial!
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy3
Content
Why MonteCarlo in Medical Physics?
GEANT4 GEANT4 for Medical Physics Radiotherapy example Start the tutorial!
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy4
Why MonteCarlo in Medical Physics?
Cancer:
Ionizing radiation for imaging and for therapy
Knowledge of radiation interactions plays a crucial role in medical physics
It is the basis of decisions about treatment, and it is essential for understanding medical images
Improvement in radiotherapy and diagnostic imaging technology need a major knowledgement of radiation interactions
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy5
Content
Why MonteCarlo in Medical Physics?
GEANT4 GEANT4 for Medical Physics Radiotherapy example Start the tutorial!
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy6
Why GEANT4
The Monte Carlo method has become an essential tool for the simulation of radiation and particle transport problems.
It is important not to use Monte Carlo code as a “black box” tool.
GEANT4 Monte Carlo code has a toolkit structure that allows to the user an “open box” approach
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy7
Know your Monte Carlo code
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy
GEANT4 is developed with a modular architecture (toolkit) and is the ideal framework where existing components are integrated and new (or alternative) physics models continue to be developed.
This approach allows the user to understand how the results are produced, and hence improve the physics validation
GEANT4 is a toolkit and not a package
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy 9
GEANT4 simulates…
…a particle step-by-step by taking into account the interactions with materials and external electromagnetic fields until the particle “lives” in your simulated world…
…providing the user to access the simulation results everywhere and whenever is necessary to grab the data.
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GEANT4 is a fully OO code in C++
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy11
Content
Why MonteCarlo in Medical Physics?
GEANT4 GEANT4 for Medical Physics Radiotherapy example Start the tutorial!
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy
Geant4-based Architecture for Medicine-Oriented Simulations
Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission
Geant4 European Medical User Organization
Geant4 Medical Physics in Japan
Geant4 North American Medical User Organization
From the website http://www.geant4.org/
GEANT4>Medical Applications
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy
GEANT4>MedPhys in Europe
The Geant4 European Medical User Organization
A meeting place for the rapidly growing Geant4 medical user community of Europe launched in 2006 by Aatos Heikkinen and Pablo Cirrone with the aim of create a common and open space for the European Medical Physics community that uses Geant4 as simulation tool.
http://g4emu.wikispaces.com/
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy14
MonteCarlo and Health:Activities in Italy
MARS: the Italian forum for users of Monte Carlo radiation transport codes for radiation protection and health applications. (www.iss.it/mars)
based on the MCNEG experience
…to provide a forum for debate on issues related to the details of the use of radiation transport codes. It is intended to provide an informal atmosphere for discussions of problems as well as for presentation of solutions. .... (www.mcneg.org.uk)
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy15
MonteCarlo and Health:Activities in Italy
The First Collaboration Network Workshop MARS
held in Bologna (Italy) on the 3-4 Dec. 2008
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10%21%
26%
43%
Radiotherapy
Nuclear Medicine
Dosimetry
Radiation Protection
Scientific contributes to the Workshop MARS: application areas fo MonteCarlo codes
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy17
•IRCCS: Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (Scientific Institutes for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care)
Radio
ther
apy
Nucle
ar M
edicin
e
Dosim
etry
Rad.P
rote
ctio
n
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%% Academic andresearch institutes
% Medical physics dep.in hospitals and IRCCS
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy18
Content
Why MonteCarlo in Medical Physics?
GEANT4 GEANT4 for Medical Physics Radiotherapy example Start the tutorial!
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy
Need of accuracy in dose evaluation
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy
Patients treated with ionizing radiation carry a risk of developing a second cancer in their lifetimes
It is crucial to have an accurate computational dosimetric tool (MonteCarlo code) to evaluate dose distribution foremerging treatment modalities (IMRT and Tomotherapy, Hadrontherapy) that can potentially elevate secondary exposures to healthy tissues distant from the target volume.
Need of accuracy in dose evaluation
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy
Field 3x3 cm2
Lung Tissue
density 0.08 g/cm3
Radiotherapy: an example
“Cancer” Tissue
1.08 g/cm3
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy22
Content
Why MonteCarlo in Medical Physics?
GEANT4 GEANT4 for Medical Physics Radiotherapy example Start the tutorial!
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy
An example of technology transfer from particle physics to medical physics
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Tutorial structure
A short look to OO C++ GEANT4 toolkit: overview An application to Radiotherapy MedLinac (GEANT4 distribution) Medlinac (user point of view) Launch together a simulation Visualization of the results of simulation Anthropomorphic Panthom and DICOM images Others codes and GEANT4 for medical
application
Geant4 School, 12-14 October 2009, Catania, Italy
Grazie e buon pomeriggio!