1 food commodity-human right-commons jl vivero
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HAMBRE Y MALNUTRICIN EN
AMRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE
Datos de hambre
Food as a Commodity, Human
Right or Common Good?Implications for Hunger Eradication
JOSE LUIS VIVERO POLPhD Candidate in Food Governance
Universit Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
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PRIMUM VIVERE DEINDE
PHILOSOPHARE
#4. The 5th dimension: FOOD AS A COMMONS
#2. 3 APPROACHES, 5 DIMENSIONSto Food
#1. The FAILURE of the Global Food System
#3. The RIGHT TO FOOD is progressing
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AIR
WATER
FOOD
SUNLIGHT
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OUR HOME
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1 000
919
898
867 868
65
60
54
5049
40
50
60
70
80
800
900
1 000
1990-1992 1999-2001 2004-2006 2007-2009 2010-2012
Mundo (Eje izquierdo) Amrica Latina y el Caribe (Eje derecho)
Millions
Fuente: FAO.
Evolution of Hunger figures in the world and in LACbetween 1990-1992 y 2010-2012.
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2.3 BILLION MALNOURISHED
PEOPLEWE EAT BADLY
3.1 million children die of hunger-related
diseases
2.8 million people die of overweight-
related diseases
868 MILLION HUNGRY
HUNGER DAMAGES THE
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HUNGERDAMAGES THE
BRAIN
Malnourished child
brainWell nourished
child brain
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8STUNT
INGdu
ringfirstthre
yearsis
IRR
EVERS
IBLE Well-
nourished
child
neurone
MalnourishedChild Neurone
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165 million stunted
children
19 million severely
wasted children
Hunger is largest
contributor (45%) to child
mortality
1.4 BILLION OVERWEIGHT
300 MILLION OBESE
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WASTED
FOOD (33%)
1.3 billiontonnes (to feed
600 million
hungry people)
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The food industry is the 2nd biggest: A BIG CAKE
(10% GDP & 5 trillion USD in 2009)
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Planetary
Boundaries
Climate Change
Oil Peak
Radical changeUK Gov
IAASTD
Business as usualIncrease productivity
Improve access
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ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORKFood dimensions
Approaches to food systems
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Food dimensions
Commodity
HumanRight
Commons
HumanNeed
Culture
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Food as a commons Food as a commodity
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FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITYexists whenTechnocrats, technicians, official statements, consensus
Twin track approach (production & acces to food)No questioning food is a commodity:
ACCESS IS THE MAIN ISSUE
OFICIAL
DEFINITIONWorld Food Summits
1996 &2002
Foto: FAO
Foto: Jorge Salamanca
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THE RIGHT TO FOOD
is a right (duties andentitlements).
States must respect,
protect & fulfill
As a legal approach, it
does not question the
proprietary rights,
specially the private
property right (a sacredpillar of capitalism).
ICESCRis a binding
agreement
for 156states
Justiciable
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What is FOOD SOVEREIGNTY?
#2. WORK IN PROGRESS,weak academic/UN support
#4. Alternative to theindustrial oil-dependant food
system
#1. RECENTCONCEPT(1996) quicklyevolving,formulated byVa Campesina
#3.Commonparadigm of
CIVIL SOCIETYCIVIL &someSTATES
Bolivia, Venezuela,Ecuador, Nicaragua,Honduras, CostaRica, El Salvador,Rep Dom
Foto: Alessandra Ferrandes
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EVOLUTIONFrom an anti-establishment andcombative position to
a viable alternative totackle current flawsof the post-industrialfood system, plushunger, climatechange and energy
IDEOLOGICAL propositive: the ONLY option B
Foto:IanMackenzie
Foto:
Foto: Jose Luis Vivero
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ProducersandConsumersshall regain control ofthe national foodsystems.Producing andcomsuming food is acultural issue
No to TNC controlover our food(Henry Kissinger)
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Food is not a COMMODITY such
as screws (ergoOUT of WTO)
Private & Common Goods:
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Private & Common Goods:
Rivalry & Excludability
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De-constructing
Food-relatedElements:
everything is
commons butcultivated food
and copyrighted
patents
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1. Cultivated Foodis a private good
Completly
produced by
private means:
private
landholdings,copyrighted seeds
and agro-
chemicals,
machineries
Foto
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2. Traditional agricultural knowledge
os:JoseLuisViv
ero
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4. Cuisine, recipes &national gastronomy
Foto:CarlaBq
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5. Edible wild plantsand animals
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6. Genetic
Resources for Foodand Agriculture
Seeds are commons
Patents prevent
innovation (Benkler,2006)
Fashion world and top
cuisine are rather
innovative withoutpatenting systems
ITPGRFA made seeds
a global commongood
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7. Food safety considerations
(Codex Alimentarius)
Foto:LianneMilton
Foto:MarianoBonora
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8. Goodnutrition &publichealth
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9. Extreme food pricefluctuations
Foto: Megan Morgavan
Banning futures trade
speculation
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What if food isconsidered acommons
speculation
Controlling land
grabbing, land
evictions
Binding Food Treaties
Legislating collective
rights
Avoiding biopiracy,
patenting of life forms,
Minimising copyrightedagriculture
Combating oligopolies
of agri-food chains
T i t i G f F d S t
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Tri-centric Governance of Food Systems
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CIVIC COLLECTIVE
ACTIONS
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DE-COMMODIFICATION RE-COMMONIFICATION OF FOOD
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Fuente FAO: http://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/wfs-home/foodpricesindex/es/1. La Agricultura en un contexto global
Food is a human right and a commons!
And I thank you for your time and interest
I am more than happy to exchange@joselviveropol
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ppy g
with anyone interested in hunger
eradication & food as a commons
Any comment is welcomed
@joselviveropol
joseluisviveropol
http://hambreyderechoshumanos.blogspot.com
http://hungerpolitics.wordpress.com
Jose Luis Vivero
Pol
http://hambreyderechoshumanos.blogspot.com/http://hambreyderechoshumanos.blogspot.com/http://hambreyderechoshumanos.blogspot.com/http://hambreyderechoshumanos.blogspot.com/http://hambreyderechoshumanos.blogspot.com/