1 expectations for top quark physics in atlas at lhc clara troncon on behalf of the atlas...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
Expectations for Top Quark Physics
in ATLAS at LHC
Clara TronconOn Behalf of the ATLAS CollaborationUniversità and INFN MilanoICHEP 2004
Top MassSingle top productionCouplings and decaysTop spin polarization
![Page 2: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 2
LHC
TeVatron
Process (pb) N/s N/yearTotal collected before start of LHC
W l 3104 30 108 104 LEP / 107 FNAL
Z ee 1.5103 1.5 107 107 LEP
t t 830 1 107 104 Tevatron
b b 5108 106 1013 109 Belle/BaBar ?
Low lumi = 10 fb-1/y
(Opposite @ FNAL)
32121 10~ ; ˆ xxxsxs
~90% gg ~10% qq
LHC top factory !
Top pair production at LHC
LHC start up in April 2007 @ L=1033
![Page 3: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 3 Motivations for Top Physics studies
Top quark mass is a fundamental parameter of the EW theory In SM: top- and W-mass constrain Higgs mass
Sensitivity through radiative correctionsWant precision measurement of top mass to scrutinize SM
Large value of m(t) and (t) and short lifetime 10-24s make top quark unique Decays before hadronization Sensitive window for New Physics
Many new heavy particles produce top quarksDetailed properties of top probe SM & beyond
Top will be produced abundantly !
And in addition ... Experiment: Top quark useful to calibrate the
detector
Beyond Top: Top quarks will be a major source of background for almost every search for physics beyond the SM
direct
indirectEXCLU
DED
Summer 2003 result
![Page 4: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 4
Top decaysDi-leptons (e/)
BR≈4.9% 0.4x106 ev/yNo top reconstructedClean sample
Single Lepton (e/)BR=29.6% 2.5x106 ev/yOne top reconstructedClean sample
Fully HadronicBR≈45% 3.5x106 ev/yTwo tops reconstructedHuge QCD backgroundLarge combinatorial bckgnd
Tau + X BR≈21% 1.6 x106 ev/yNo top reconstructed
Lepton side
Hadron side
In the SM the top decays to W+b
All decay channels investigated Using ‘fast parametrized’detector response: Checks with detailed GEANT simulations
![Page 5: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 5
Golden channel BR 30% and clean trigger from isolated lepton
Important to tag the b-jets: enormously reduces background (physics and combinatorial)
Hadronic side
W from jet pair with closest invariant mass to MW
Require |MW-Mjj|<20 GeV
Ligth jet calibrated with Mw constraint
Assign a b-jet to the W to reconstruct Mtop
Leptonic side
Using remaining l+b-jet, the leptonic part is reconstructed
|mlb -<mjjb>| < 35 GeV
Kinematic fit to the t t hypothesis, using MW constraints
MTop from lepton+jet SN-ATLAS-
2004-040
Br(ttbbjjl)=30%for electron + muon
• Isolated lepton PT>20 GeV
• ETmiss>20 GeV
• 4 jets with ET>40 GeV R=0.4
• >1 b-jet (b60%, ruds102,
rc101)
Background: <2%
W/Z+jets, WW/ZZ/WZ
j1
j2
b-jet
t
70% top purity - efficiency 1.2 %
![Page 6: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 6
Top mass systematics
Method works: Linear with input Mtop
Largely independent on Top PT
Biggest uncertainties: Jet energy calibration FSR: ‘out of cone’ give
large variations in mass B-fragmentation
Verified with detailed detector simulation and realistic calibration
Source of uncertaintyHadronic Mtop (GeV)
Fitted Mtop (GeV)
Light jet scale 0.9 0.2
b-jet scale 0.7 0.7
b-quark fragm 0.1 0.1
ISR 0.1 0.1
FSR 1.9 0.5
Comb bkg 0.4 0.1
Total 2.3 0.9
Statistical 0.1 0.1
Challenge:
determine the mass of the top with~1 GeV accuracy in one year of LHC
![Page 7: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 7 Alternative mass determination
High PT semi-leptonic back to back events:
PT>200 GeV and hemisphere separation (bckgnd reduction, much less combinatorial) Higher probability for jet overlapping
Sum calo towers over a large R>0.8 Use the events where both W’s
decay leptonically (Br~5%) Much cleaner environment Less information available from two ’s S/B=10
Use the events where both W’s decay hadronically (Br~45%)
Difficult ‘jet’ environment Select PT>200 GeV, S/B=18
Mtop
Statistically independent samples
Different systematics but similar values < 3 GeV
![Page 8: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 8
Use exclusive b-decays with high mass products (J/)Higher correlation with Mtop Clean reconstruction (background free)BR(ttqqb+J/) 5 10-5 ~ 30% 103 ev./100 fb-1
(need high luminosity)
Top mass from J/
Different systematics (almost no sensitivity to FSR)
Uncertainty on the b-quark fragmentation function becomes the dominant error
Pttop
MlJ/
M(J/+l)M(J/+l)
![Page 9: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 9
Mtop(GeV)
L = 150 pb-1
(few days low lumi)
Commissioning phase:Assume pessimistic scenario:
No b-tagging
No jet calibration
But: Good lepton id
Semi-leptonic events selection Isolated lepton with PT>20 GeV
Exactly 4 jets with PT>40 GeV
Reconstruct top selecting 3 jets with maximal resulting PT
Kinematic constrained fit assuming MW1
=MW2 and MT1
=MT2
Signal (MC@NLO,Pythia,Herwig) + background (W+4j-Alpgen)
at initial phase of LHC Top peak visible, minimal
selection and reco (3-7 GeV)
Sample for b-tagging and jet scale calib. studiesΔσstat(t-tbar) ~ 2% (1 week) !!!
Commissioning
![Page 10: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 10
Search for Resonances Measure ( t t ) to < 10 % (stat.) with a few days of luminosity !! Could be first indication of new physics at the LHC (?)
Many theoretical models include the existence of resonances decaying to t t SM Higgs (BR smaller with respect to the WW and ZZ decays) MSSM Higgs (H/A, if mH,mA>2mt, BR(H/A→tt)≈1 for tanβ≈1) Technicolor Models, strong ElectroWeak Symmetry Breaking, Topcolor, “colorons” production, […]
Reconstruct m( t t ) to search for resonances Χ if σΧ, ΓΧ and BR(Χ t t ) predicted Study of semileptonic evts found :
mass resolution 6% and reconstruction efficiency 20% mtt=400 GeV - 15% mtt=2 TeV
1.6 TeV resonance
Mtt
xBR required for a discovery
mtt [GeV/c2]
σxB
R [
fb]
30 fb-1
300 fb-1
1 TeV
830 fb
![Page 11: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 11
Wg fusion: 245±27 pbS.Willenbrock et al., Phys.Rev.D56, 5919
Wt: 62.2 pbA.Belyaev, E.Boos, Phys.Rev.D63, 034012
W* 10.2±0.7 pbM.Smith et al., Phys.Rev.D54, 6696
EW Single Top Quark Production
Direct determination of the tWb vertex (=Vtb)
Discriminants:- Jet multiplicity (higher for Wt)
- More than one b-jet (increase W* signal over W- gluon fusion)- 2-jets mass distribution (mjj ~ mW for the Wt signal only)
Three production mechanisms at LHC:
Main Background [xBR(W→ℓ), ℓ=e,μ]:tt σ=833 pb [ 246 pb]Wbb σ=300 pb [ 66.7 pb]Wjj σ=18·103 pb [4·103 pb]
-3. 7+16.6
Wg [54.2 pb]
Wt [17.8 pb]
W* [2.2 pb]
1) Determination of Vtb
2) Independent mass measurement
3) Opportunity to measure top spin pol.
4) May probe FCNC
Pre -selection:
1 isolated lepton Pt>20 GeV
2 jets Pt>30 GeV
1 b-tagged jet Pt>50 GeV
+
Njets =2 or 3
Forward jet , pT>50 GeV (for Wg)
N-bjet=1 (for Wt) or =2 (for W*)
![Page 12: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 12
Signal unambiguous, after 30 fb-1:
Complementary methods to extract Vtb
With 30 fb-1 of data, Vtb can be determined to %-level or better(experimentally)
EW Single Top Quark Production
Can measure cross-sections for all 3 processes separately
important since each is sensitive to different kinds of possible new physics and diff. Vtb syst.
heavy W’ increase in the s-channel W*
FCNC gu t increase in the W-gluon fusion channel
For 30 fb-1, can measure Vtb with stat. error of 0.4% – 2.7% (dep. on process)
For W-gluon fusion, can measure predicted W and top helicity
sensitive to possible V+A contribution at level of few per cent
Detector performance critical: fake l, b-tag, forward jets, low E jets
ProcessVtb
(stat)Vtb
(theory)
Wg fusion 0.4% 6%
Wt 1.4% 6%
W* 2.7% 5%
Process Signal Bckgnd S/B
Wg fusion 27k 8.5k 3.1
Wt 6.8k 30k 0.22
W* 1.1k 2.4k 0.46
![Page 13: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 13 Top Quark Couplings and Decays
Does the top quark behaves as expected in the SM? Branching Ratios Electric charge Top spin polarization Yukawa coupling to Higgs from t t H events
Can be measured to <20% from t-tbar H production …….
According to the SM, top decays rather “uninteresting” Br(t W b) 99.9%, Br(t W s) 0.1%, Br(t W d) 0.01%
(difficult to measure)
Can probe t W[non-b] by measuring ratio of double b-tag to single b-tag Statistics more than sufficient to be sensitive to SM expectation for Br(t
W + s/d) Need excellent understanding of b-tagging efficiency/purity
Many Beyond SM models involve anomalous top couplings Several possible rare decay modes (eg FCNC) have clear experiment signatures
and, if observed at the LHC, would be evidence for new physics FCNC decays highly suppressed (Br< 10-13-10-10) and 10-3 to 10-5 sensitivity
![Page 14: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 14 Top Quark Couplings and Decays
Does the top quark behave as expected in the SM? Branching Ratios ACHIEVABLE Electric charge ACHIEVABLE with 10 fb-1
radiative tt events or t charge reconstruction Top spin polarization ACHIEVABLE with 10 fb-1
5 statistical significance for a non-zero value in di-lepton and semi-leptonic events Yukawa coupling to Higgs from t t H events ACHIEVABLE
Can be measured to <20% from t-tbar H production
According to the SM, top decays rather “uninteresting” Br(t W b) 99.9%, Br(t W s) 0.1%, Br(t W d) 0.01%
(difficult to measure)
Can probe t W[non-b] by measuring ratio of double b-tag to single b-tag Statistics more than sufficient to be sensitive to SM expectation for Br(t W + s/d) Need excellent understanding of b-tagging efficiency/purity
Many Beyond SM models involve anomalous top couplings Several possible rare decay modes (eg FCNC) have clear experiment signatures and, if
observed at the LHC, would be evidence for new physics FCNC decays highly suppressed (Br< 10-13-10-10) and 10-3 to 10-5 sensitivity
![Page 15: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 15
In the SM the FCNC decays are highly suppressed (Br<10-13-10-10)Several models of Physics Beyond SM can give HUGE enhancementsFCNC can be detected through top decay or single top production
Sensitivity according to ATLAS studies of top decays :
t Zq (CDF Br<0.137, ALEPH Br<17%, OPAL Br<13.7%) Reconstruct t Zq (l+l-)j Sensitivity to Br(t Zq) = 1.1 X 10-4 (100 fb-1)
t q (CDF Br<0.032) Sensitivity to Br(t q) = 1.0 X 10-4 (100 fb-1)
t gq Difficult identification because of the huge QCD bakground One looks for “like-sign” top production (ie. tt)Sensitivity to Br(t gq) = 7 X 10-3 (100 fb-1)
Top Quark FCNC Rare Decays
![Page 16: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 16
Top Charge determination ATL-
PHYS-2003-035
Can we establish Qtop=2/3?Currently cannot exclude exotic possibility Qtop=-4/3
Assign the ‘wrong’ W to the b-quark in top decays tW-b with Qtop=-4/3 instead of tW+b with Qtop=2/3 ?
Technique:Hard radiation from top quarks
Radiative top production, pptt cross section proportional to Q2top
Radiative top decay, tWb
On-mass approach for decaying top: two processes treated independently
Matrix elements havebeen calculated and fed intoPythia MC
Radiative top production
Radiative top decay
![Page 17: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 17
Top Charge Determination ATL-PHYS-
2003-035
Yield of radiative photons allows to distinguish top charge
Q=2/3 Q=-4/3
pptt 101 ± 10 295 ± 17
pptt ; tWb 6.2 ± 2.5 2.4 ± 1.5
Total background 38 ± 6
Determine charge of b-jet andcombine with lepton
Use di-lepton sample Investigate ‘wrong’
combination b-jet charge and lepton charge
Effective separation b and b-bar possible in first year LHC
Study systematics in progress
i
κ
i
i
κ
ii
bjet
pj
pjqq
pT()
events
10 fb-1
One year low lumi
![Page 18: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 18 Top Spin Correlations ATL-PHYS-2002-
024 ATL-PHYS-2003-012
In SM with Mtop175 GeV, (t) 1.4 GeV » QCD
Top decays before hadronization, and so can study the decay of ‘bare quark’ Decay products keep spin info Substantial ttbar spin correlations predicted in pair production
Can study polarization effects through helicity analysis of daughters
Study with di-lepton and semi-leptonic events Spin analyser:
Leptonic: lepton Hadronic: (W, b) or least energetic jet (lej) Interesting angles:Θ1 (Θ2) : angle between chosen spin axis
and spin analyzer direction in the t(t) rest frame.
Spin axis is t(t) direction in the parton c.m.s.
(helicity basis)
φ : angle between spin analyzers direction
in the t(t) rest frame
e+/+
top+
With helicity correlationNo helicity correlation
<CosΘ+ · CosΘ-> <CosΘ+ · CosΘ->
leptons)for 1 :qualityanalyser (spin
base)helicity in n correlatiospin of (degree 34.0
4
coscos1
coscos
1 2
C
C
dd
d
![Page 19: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 19 Top spin correlations ATL-PHYS-
2002-024 ATL-PHYS-2003-012
Also study spin correlations in semi- leptonic eventsLeast energetic jet from W decay: ~ 0.5
Results for S + B : 80500 S, S/B=15 with 10 fb-1
C(lej) = 0.21 0.015 0.04 = ~ 5 σ from 0 with 10 fb-1
Semi-leptonic analysis probe SM at 5 after 1 year at low lumi. Dileptonic analysis complementary and similar power.
30 fb-1
TopReX 4.05 (SM): LO spin correlation simulation
Pythia 6.221 (NC): hadronisation, fragmentation and decays with CTEQ5L structure function, ISR-FSR
AlpGen: used for W+jets background
Tauola+Photos 2.6: t decay and radiative corrections
Atlfast 2.60: ATLAS fast simulation and reconstruction
![Page 20: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 20
Conclusions
ATLAS will be able to provide many precise measurements of top quark properties
Precise determination of Mtop to 1 GeV seems achievable in 1 year of LHC
Crucial for EW physics, precision tests, constraints on Higgs sector, sensitivity to new physics
Confirmation that top-quark is SM particle and/or search for deviation from SM from:
Measure Vtb, charge, spin, decays ACHIEVABLEFirst new physics in ATLAS may come from top quark analysis
Early top signals will also be critical to detector commissioning Top peak should be visible with eyes closed and used for jet E cal, Et, b-
tag,high PT e/m
Lots of work remaining to be ready to fully exploit the top physics potential of the LHC (MC tuning, full sim., effect of real detector on studies - dead channels …)
LHC is top factory
( t t )~830 pb-1 + EW( t )~250 pb-1
107 events in first year
![Page 21: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
BACKUP SLIDES
![Page 22: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 22
Top mass systematics
Source of uncertaintySemi-
leptonic Mtop (GeV)
Fitted SemileptonicMtop (GeV)
Semileptoniclarge clusters
Mtop (GeV)
Di-leptonicMtop (GeV)
Hadronic
High pTMtop (GeV)
Statistics 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2
Light jet scale 0.9 0.2 - - 0.8
b-jet scale 0.7 0.7 - 0.6 0.7
b-quark fragm 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.3
ISR 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4
FSR 1.9 0.5 0.1 0.6 2.8
Comb bkg 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4
PDF - - - 1.2 -
Mass scale calibration - - 0.9 - -
UE estimate (+_10%) - - 1.3 - -
Total systematics 2.3 0.9 1.7 1.7 3.0
Challenge:
determine the mass of the top with~1 GeV accuracy in one year of LHC
![Page 23: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 23m
ean
p
rob
.
Mtop
Top mass from di-leptons
Use the events where both W’s decay leptonically (Br~5%)Much cleaner environment Less information available due to two neutrino’s
Sophisticated procedure for fitting the whole event, i.e. all kinematical info taken into account (cf D0/CDF)
Compute mean probability as function of top mass hypothesis Maximal probability corresponds to top mass
Source of uncertainty
Di-lepton Mtop (GeV)
statistics 0.3
b-jet scale 0.6
b-quark fragm 0.7
ISR 0.4
FSR 0.6
pdf 1.2
Total 1.7
80000 events
(tt) = 20 %
S/B = 10
Mea
n pr
oba
bilit
y
mass
Selection:
2 isolated opposite sign leptons
Pt>35 and Pt>25 GeV
2 b-tagged jets
ETmiss>40 GeV
![Page 24: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 24
Top mass from hadronic decay
Use events where both W’s decay hadronically (Br~45%)Difficult ‘jet’ environment
(QCD, Pt>100) ~ 1.73 mb(signal) ~ 370 pb
Perform kinematic fit on whole eventb-jet to W assignment for combination
that minimize top mass differenceIncrease S/B:
Require pT(tops)>200 GeVSource of uncertainty
Hadronic Mtop
(GeV)
Statistics 0.2
Light jet scale 0.8
b-jet scale 0.7
b-quark fragm 0.3
ISR 0.4
FSR 2.8
Total 3.0
3300 events selected:
(tt) = 0.63 %
(QCD)= 2·10-5 %
S/B = 18
Selection
6 jets (R=0.4), Pt>40 GeV
2 b-tagged jets
Note: Event shape variables like HT, A, S, C, etc not effective at LHC (contrast to Tevatron)
![Page 25: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 25
High Pt sampleThe high pT selected sample deserves independent analysis:
Hemisphere separation (bckgnd reduction, much less combinatorial)Higher probability for jet overlapping
Use all clusters in a large cone R=[0.8-1.2] around the reconstructed top- direction
Less prone to QCD, FSR, calibration
UE can be subtractedj1
j2
b-jet
t
Statistics seems OK and syst. under control
R
Mtop Mtop
![Page 26: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 26
Uncertainty On b-jet scale: Hadronic
1% Mt = 0.7 GeV5% Mt = 3.5 GeV10% Mt = 7.0 GeV
Uncertainty on light jet scale: Hadronic
1% Mt < 0.7 GeV10% Mt = 3 GeV
Jet scale calibration
Calibration demands:Ultimately jet energy scale calibrated within 1%
Uncertainty on b-jet scale dominates Mtop: light jet scale constrained by mW
At startup jet-energy scale known to lesser precision
Scale b-jet energyScale light-jet energy
MTop MTop
±10%
![Page 27: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 27
Commissioning the detectorsDetermination MTop in initial
phaseUse ‘Golden plated’ lepton+jet
Selection: Isolated lepton with PT>20 GeVExactly 4 jets (R=0.4) with
PT>40 GeVReconstruction:
Select 3 jets with maximal resulting PT
Signal can be improved by kinematic constrained fit
Assuming MW1=MW2
and MT1=MT2
PeriodStat Mtop (GeV)
Stat /
1 year 0.1 0.2%
1 month 0.2 0.4%
1 week 0.4 2.5%No background
included
Calibrating detector in comissioning phase
Assume pessimistic scenario:
-) No b-tagging
-) No jet calibration
-) But: Good lepton identification
![Page 28: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 28
Commissioning the detectors
Signal plus background at initial phase of LHC
Most important background for top: W+4 jetsLeptonic decay of W, with 4 extra ‘light’ jets
Alpgen, Monte Carlo has ‘hard’ matrix element for 4 extra jets(not available in Pythia/Herwig)
ALPGEN:
W+4 extra light jets
Jet: PT>10, ||<2.5, R>0.4
No lepton cuts
Effective : ~2400 pb
With extreme simple selection and reconstruction the top-peak should be visible at LHC
L = 150 pb-1
(2/3 days low lumi)
measure top mass (to 5-7 GeV) give feedback on detector performance
![Page 29: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 29
Rare SM top decays
Direct measurement of Vts, Vtd via decays tsW, tdW
Decay tbWZ is near threshold
(mt~MW+ MZ+mb)
BRcut(t bWZ) 610-7
(cut on m(ee) is 0.8 MW)
Decay tcWW suppressed by GIM
factor BR(t cWW) ~ 110-13
If Higgs boson is light: tbWH FCNC decays: tcg, tc, tcZ (BR: 510-11 , 510-13 , 1.310-13 ) Semi-exclusive t-decays tbM
(final state 1 hadron recoiling against a jet:
BR(t b) 410-8, BR(t bDs) 210-7)
2 2b Wm M
![Page 30: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 30
Interesting: branching ratio depends strongly on Mtop
Since Mtop~MW+Mb+MZ
With present error mt 5 GeV, BR varies over a factor 3
B-jet too soft to be efficiently identified “semi-inclusive” study for a WZ near
threshold, with Z l+l- and W ->jjRequiring 3 leptons reduces
the Z+jets background
Sensitivity to Br(t WbZ) 10-3 for 1 year at low lumi. Even at high L can’t reach SM predictions ( 10-7 - 10-6)
G. Mahlon hep-ph/9810485
M(top) (GeV)
(t
WbZ
)/(t
Wb)
Rare decays: topWbZ
![Page 31: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 31
Various approaches studied Previously: ttbarHq Wb(b-bbar)j(lb)
for m(H) = 115 GeV Sensitivity to Br(t Hq) = 4.5 X 10-3
(100 fb-1)
New results for: t tbarHq WbWW*q Wb(l lj) (lb)
≥ 3 isolated lepton with pT(lep) > 30 GeV pTmiss > 45 GeV ≥ 2 jets with pT(j) > 30 GeV, incl. ≥ 1 jet con b-tag Kinematical cuts making use of angular correlations
Sensitive to Br(t Hq) = 2.4 X 10-3
for m(H) = 160 GeV (100 fb-1)
Signal
ttH
tt
Signal
ttH
tt
topHq
![Page 32: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 32
Non-SM Decays of Top 4thfermion family
Constraints on Vtqrelaxed:
Supersymmetry (MSSM) Observed bosons and fermions would have superpartners 2-body decays into squarks and gauginos (t H+ b )
Big impact on 1 loop FCNC two Higgs doublets
H LEP limit 77.4 GeV (LEP WG 2000) Decay t H+ b can compete with t W+ b 5 states (h0,H0,A0,H+,H-) survive after giving W & Z masses H couples to heaviest fermions detection through breakdown of e /
m / t universality in tt production
at ( ( )) ~ 3bBR t W b W c 10 m 100GeV
, , 01 1 1 1 1t t g t b t t
![Page 33: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 33
Alternative methods
Continuous jet algorithm Reduce dependence on MC Reduce jet scale uncertainty
Repeat analysis for many cone sizes R
Sum all determined top mass:robust estimator top-mass
Determining Mtop from (tt)?huge statistics, totally different systematics
But: Theory uncertainty on the pdfs kills the idea10% th. uncertainty mt 4 GeVConstraining the pdf would be very precious…(up to a few % might not be a dream !!!)
Luminosity uncertainty then plays the game (5%?)
Luminosity uncertainty then plays the game (5%?)
![Page 34: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 34
1cos22
2
WZ
W
m
m
No observable directly related to mNo observable directly related to mHH. However the dependence can . However the dependence can appear through radiative correctionsappear through radiative corrections. tree level quantities changedtree level quantities changed
mH
, , r r = f [ln(m= f [ln(mHH/m/mWW), m), mtt22]]
By making precision measurements (already interesting per se):By making precision measurements (already interesting per se):• • one can get information on the missing parameter mone can get information on the missing parameter mHH• • one can test the validity of the Standard Modelone can test the validity of the Standard Model
SMmfermions (9)
mbosons (2)
VCKM (4)
GF (1)
s(1)
)1(sin2 2
2 rG
mFW
W
The uncertainties on mThe uncertainties on mtt, m, mWW are the dominating ones in the electroweak fit are the dominating ones in the electroweak fit
predictions
(down to 0.1% level)
lepteffcbl
bclFBcblhWZWZ AARm 2
,,,,,00
,,0
,, sin,,,,,,
tWW mm ,,
had
W2sin
WW CsQ 2sin)(
LEP+SLD:LEP+SLD:
UA2+Tevatron:UA2+Tevatron:
NuTeV:NuTeV:
APV:APV:
eeeeqq l.e.:qq l.e.:
What we know..
![Page 35: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 35
Top mass: Where we are
In 2009 (if upgrade is respected) from Tevatron: Mtop = 1.5 GeV !!
![Page 36: 1 Expectations for Top Quark Physics in ATLAS at LHC Clara Troncon On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration Università and INFN Milano ICHEP 2004 Top Mass](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/5697bf851a28abf838c879cd/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Clara Troncon - ICHEP 2004
P 36
Tevatron only (di-lepton events or lepton+jet ) from W decays
Status of inputs (preliminary):mmtt=(178.0 =(178.0 2.7 2.7 (stat) (stat) 3.3 3.3 (syst)(syst)) GeV/c) GeV/c22
(latest Tevatron updated combination – RunI data)(latest Tevatron updated combination – RunI data) mmtt=(175 =(175 17 17 (stat) (stat) 8 8 (syst)(syst)) GeV/c) GeV/c22
(CDF di-leptons – RunII data)(CDF di-leptons – RunII data) mmtt=(178=(178+13+13
-9-9 (stat) (stat) 7 7 (syst)(syst)) GeV/c) GeV/c22
(CDF lepton+jets – RunII data)(CDF lepton+jets – RunII data)
Matter of statistics (also for the main systematics) and optimized use of the Matter of statistics (also for the main systematics) and optimized use of the available information. Each experiment expects 500 b-tagged tt l+jets events/fb available information. Each experiment expects 500 b-tagged tt l+jets events/fb Mtop ~ 2-3 GeV/cMtop ~ 2-3 GeV/c22 for the Tevatron combined (2-4/fb) for the Tevatron combined (2-4/fb)
mmt t 2.5 GeV ; 2.5 GeV ; mmW W 30 MeV 30 MeV mmHH/m/mH H 35% 35%
Near future of Mtop
In 2009 (if upgrade is respected) from Tevatron: Mtop = 1.5 GeV !!