1 environmental requirements for fhwa projects in oregon teresa brasfield susan haupt oregon...
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Environmental Requirements for FHWA
Projects in Oregon
Teresa BrasfieldSusan Haupt
Oregon Department of Transportation
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What is NEPA?
NEPA requires federal agencies to factor environmental considerations into their decision making.
NEPA includes full range of activities to evaluate the environmental impacts of a proposed action.
NEPA requires environmentally informed decisions.
NEPA is a procedural statute and does not dictate a decision or require elevation of environmental concerns over other pertinent considerations.
Project Development
Planning
Right-of-Way
NEPA
Construction
Need, alternatives and impact analysis, public / agency coordination, documentation (CE, EA/FONSI, EIS/ROD)
Final Design
NEPA Approval: Location, design concept acceptance
Post NEPA Project
Development Activities
System considerations, coordination, conformity, project need,
FHWA NEPA Process “Umbrella”
•Endangered Species Act – Section 7•Civil Rights Act •Executive Order 12898 (Environmental Justice)
•Section 4(f) of USDOT Act (49 USC 303) - Parks, recreation, etc
•Clean Air Act•Safe Water Drinking Act•Clean Water Act 404(b)(1)•Farmland Protection Policy Act •National Historic Preservation Act •Floodplains
• Economic, Social, and Environmental Effects (23 USC 109(h)) analysis • Public involvement, interagency coordination • Tribal consultation• Location, design, and engineering• Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 • Noise Standards• Public Hearing Requirements• Americans with Disabilities Act
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NEPA “Documents”
Categorical Exclusion (CE)
Environmental Assessment (EA) Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI)
Notice of Intent (NOI)
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Record of Decision (ROD)
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Categorical Exclusion
Actions which do not individually or cumulatively have a significant effect on the human environment
Actions that, based on past experience with similar actions, do not involve significant environmental impacts
Neither an EA nor EIS is required
40 CFR 1508.423 CFR 771.117(a)
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Environmental Assessment
Document …… prepared for an action where the significance of the social, economic, and environmental impacts are not clearly established
23 CFR 771.115(c)40 CFR 1508.9
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FONSI
Finding Of No Significant Impact• A document which briefly presents why an
action does not have a significant impact• It must include and reference the
environmental assessment
CEQ Q&A #37A40 CFR 1508.13
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Environmental Impact Statement Environmental impacts of the proposed
action and alternatives Unavoidable adverse environmental
impacts
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Record of Decision
Decision - identify selected alternative Alternatives considered
- Discuss values considered and basis of decision
- Identify “environmentally preferred” alternative(s)
40 CFR 1506.9 23 CFR 771.125(g))
NONO
Proposed Action
Coordination and Analysis
Significant Impact ?
ListedCE
Public Comment
DocumentedCE
EnvironmentalAssessment
Significant impact
Notice of Intent & Scoping Process
Draft EIS
Record of Decision (ROD)
Final EIS
Agency ActionAgency Action
Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI)
Agency Action
Coordination and analysis as needed
No significant impacts
Unknown
YESYES
Document appropriately
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Elements of the NEPA Process
Public involvement throughout Interagency coordination throughout Purpose and Need Alternatives analysis Impact analysis Mitigation Documentation
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Purpose and Need
Critical foundation for decisions Basis for reasonable alternatives,
evaluations and comparisons Reasons are established for moving
forward with Federal action
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Purpose
Purpose is the “Problem Statement”
Transportation demand Safety Legislative direction Economic development or planned growth System linkage Condition of existing facility
40 CFR 1502.13TA Page 13
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The “need” supports the problem statement- Facts demonstrating a "need" exists - History and background
Need
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Alternatives Analysis
Varies with Class of Action Rigorously explore and objectively
evaluate in the EIS– Reasonable range alternatives / reasonable
number No-action / no-build always included
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Screening Alternatives - ODOT
Does it meet Purpose and Need? Is it an acceptable solution? Have environmental constraints been
considered? Does it require a state land use goal
exception?
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Impacts
Direct impacts …… caused by the action and occur at the same time and location
Project ActionProject ActionDirect Direct
Environmental Environmental ImpactsImpacts
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Indirect Indirect EnvironmentaEnvironmenta
l Impactsl Impacts
Indirect Impacts
Project ActionProject Action Other Actions
40 CFR 1508.8
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Cumulative Impacts
Result from the incremental impact of the action when added to other past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future actions …
… regardless of what agency or person undertakes such other actions…
… Federal, non-federal, public and private must be considered
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Federal Mitigation Policy
AvoidMinimize/PreserveRectify, Repair, Rehabilitate,
RestoreCompensate
40 CFR 1508.20
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Implementation Responsibility
Must implement mitigation commitments made in environmental documents
Ensure compliance through project management
Formal monitoring plan may be established (recommended where sensitive resources are impacted)
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Lead and Cooperating Agency
Lead agency (Federal)… Sponsoring agency-
Cooperating agency may be… Federal agencies with jurisdiction by law
(mandatory) or special expertise (optional)
… State and local agencies… Federally recognized Tribes
40 CFR 1508.5 & 1508.16
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Cooperating Agency Responsibility Respond to lead agency’s request
– Cooperate where jurisdiction by law Attend scoping and coordination
meetings Provide meaningful and early input on
issues of concern Review and provide comments on Pre-
draft and Pre-final environmental documents
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Other Requirements
Section 4(f) of the DOT Act (FHWA) (NPS)
Section 106 of the NHPA of 1965 (SHPO)
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (USCOE)
Oregon Removal/Fill Law (ODSL)
ESA Section 7 consultation (NMFS, USFWS)
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Other Requirements
Noise (FHWA)
Title VI and EJ (FHWA)
Clean Air (DEQ, EPA)
Hazardous Materials (DEQ, EPA)
Visual Resources (FHWA)
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Section 303 in Title 49 AKA Section 4(f) of the DOT ActThe Secretary may approve projects requiring use of publicly owned land of a public park, recreation area, or wildlife/waterfowl refuge, or land of a historic site of National, State, or local significance (as determined by the officials having jurisdiction over the park, recreation area, refuge or site) only if-1. There is no feasible and prudent
alternative to such use, and2. The project includes all possible planning
to minimize harm23 CFR 771.135(a)(1)
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Section 106 of the NHPA
National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA)
ACHP, SHPO, THPO, NPS Avoid unnecessary harm to historic
properties– Federal agencies consider effects of
their actions on historic properties– Provide an opportunity for the
ACHP and interested parties to comment
Relationship to 4(f) 16 U.S.C. 470 36 CFR Part
800
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Section 404 of the CWA
Clean Water Act (CWA) – 33 U.S.C 1344 et seq.– Army Corp of Engineers 33 CFR Part 323
Implementing Regulations– EPA 404(b)(1) guidelines 40 CFR Part 230
Army Corps of Engineers (administers the program), Environmental Protection Agency (veto authority), State / Regional Water Resources Control Boards or agencies
Elevation process (404(q)) FHWA Wetland Regulations 23 CFR 777 Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899, Section 10 Permit
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Section 404 - Permit
Permit application must show that you have:– taken steps to avoid
impacts to waters of the US, including wetlands, where practicable
– minimized potential impacts to waters of the US
– provided compensation for any remaining, unavoidable impacts
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Oregon Removal/Fill Law
Oregon Department of State Lands administers
Division 141-085 ORS 196.668 to 196.692 ORS 390.835
ORS 196.800 to 196.990 Purpose: To define and establish rules and
guidelines to regulate removal/fill activities in “waters of the state” of Oregon
www.oregonstatelands.us
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Oregon Land Use Goals
(X-1) Oregon’s Statewide Planning Goals, OAR 660---(1985)
Sets the framework and standards/criteria for the statewide land use planning
Transportation Planning Rule, OAR 660-12-000 (Administered by DLCD)
(I-4) DOT Order 5610.1C, Attachment 2, pg 13, Land Use and Urban Growth---(Sept 1979)
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Oregon Land Use Goals
(II-1) FHWA Technical Advisory T6640.8A, pg 19, Land Use Impacts---(Oct 1987)
(II-1) FHWA Technical Advisory T6640.8A, pg 22, Joint Development---(Oct 1987)
(X-3) Farmland Protection Policy Act---(Dec 1981)
OAR 660-12 “Transportation Planning Rule”---(??? ????)
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Section 7 of the ESA
Endangered Species Act of 1973– 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq. – 50 CFR 402
Fish and Wildlife Service (DOI) and NOAA Fisheries
Handbook on-line
http://endangered.FWS.gov/consultations/s7hndbk/toc-glos.pdf
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Section 7 - Consultation
FHWA / SDOT initiates consultation
F&WS provides information (list) on occurrence of threatened and endangered species in area
DOT survey for T&E species or critical habitat
50 CFR 402
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Section 7 - Consultation
Biological assessment (or evaluation) to allow FHWA’s determination of effect
“Not likely to adversely effect” – consultation complete
Adversely effect – formal consultation required
“No jeopardy” opinion required to advance project
50 CFR 402
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Air Quality National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
are established for specific air pollutants Oregon DEQ also specifies air quality standards
that are equal to or more strict than the national standards
Seven air pollutants have standards established Based on the specific pollutant, DEQ has
designated specific non-attainment areas within the state of Oregon.
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Noise
Consideration and abatement of highway traffic noise and construction noise 23 CFR 772 FHWA Noise Guidance
June 1995http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/polguid.pdf
State Noise Policies
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Environmental Justice
Fundamental concepts of EJ (Executive Order 12898) and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act 1. Ensure full and fair participation by all potentially
affected communities in the decision-making process
2. Prevent denial of, reduction in, or significant delay in the receipt of benefits by minority and low-income populations
3. Avoid, minimize, and mitigate disproportionately high and adverse effects (human health, social, economic and environmental) on minority and low income populations.
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Hazardous Materials
• CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980)---Superfund
• RCRA (Resource Conservation Recovery Act)• 40 CFR 312, ORS 465.255 & FHWA Guidance (Site
identification and cleanup liability) • OAR 340-150 & 340-160 to 163 (UST removal)• OAR 340-122 (Site cleanup requirements)• 40 CFR 255-279 (Waste disposal)• Federal Pesticide Control Act, 40 CFR 152-173• OAR 340-248 (Asbestos survey & abatement)
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HazMat Assessment Resources OTIA III Materials and Contamination
Performance Standards Manualhttp://www.obdp.org/site/view_pdf/?pdf=/files/partner/environmental/MaterialsandContaminationManual.pdf
ODOT Hazardous Materials Program Guideftp://ftp.odot.state.or.us/techserv/Geo-Environmental/ Environmental/Procedural%20Manuals/HazMat/HazMatProgram Proceduresl.doc
ODOT HazMat Report Templatesftp://ftp.odot.state.or.us/techserv/Geo-Environmental/ Environmental/Regulatory%20Documentation%20Forms%20and%20Examples/HazMat/
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Waste Management ResourcesDEQ approved waste re-use, recycling & disposal options for: Asphalt (old and fresh) Clean fill Concrete (including concrete with lead-paint) Paint (including lead-paint and striping) Metal Wood (including treated and painted wood)Summarized in OTIA III Materials & Contamination Performance Standards Manual
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Visual Resources
Wild and Scenic Rivers Act 43 CFR 8350
(II-1) FHWA Technical Advisory T6640.8A, pg 34, Visual Impacts---(Oct 1987)
(XV-3) Landscape and Roadside Development, 23 CFR 752---(Sept 1987)
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Federal Environmental Requirements Affecting Transportation
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