1 eng. firas alawneh head of photovoltaics (pv) division national energy research center (nerc)...
TRANSCRIPT
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Eng. Firas Alawneh
Head of Photovoltaics (PV) DivisionNational Energy Research Center (NERC)
Royal Scientific Society (RSS)Amman-Jordan
Photovoltaic Applications
Outline
• Types of PV Systems– Standalone “off-grid”– Grid connected “on-grid”
• NERC’s PV projects implemented in Year 2014.• NERC’s PV projects in progress.
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Types of PV Systems
Standalone “off-grid”
Grid-connected “on-grid”
Without storage
With storage
Hybrid Systems directly connected
to the public grid
connected to public grid via house grid
Motors “e.g. pumps”
DC Systems
AC Systems
with wind turbine
with diesel generator
with public grid backup
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Off-grid / Without battery storage / Direct-coupled DC system
PV Array DC Load
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Solar Water Heaters
Off-grid / Without battery storage / Direct-coupled DC system
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Off-grid / Without battery storage / Power-conditioned DC system
PV Array DC LoadDC/DC Power Conditioning
Unit
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Off-grid / Without battery storage / Power-conditioned DC system
DC Submersible Water Pumping System
PV Array DC/DC Pump Controller DC Submersible Pump
Variable Voltage(Proportional to Solar Intensity)
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Off-grid / Without battery storage / Power-conditioned AC system
PV Array AC LoadDC/AC Power Conditioning
Unit
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Off-grid / Without battery storage / Power-conditioned AC system
AC Submersible Water Pumping System
PV Array DC/AC Pump ControllerAC Submersible
Pump
Variable Voltage & Frequency(Proportional to Solar Intensity)
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Off-grid / With battery storage / DC system
PV Array DC Load
Charge &
Load Controller
Battery
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Solar Home Systems & DC Industrial Systems
PV ArrayDC Load
Off-grid / With battery storage / DC system
Battery Bank
Charge & Load Controller
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Off-grid / With battery storage / AC system
PV ArrayCharge
Controller
Battery
DC/AC Inverter
AC Load
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Solar Home Systems & AC Industrial Applications
PV Array
AC Load
Off-grid / With battery storage / AC system
Battery Bank
Charge Controller
DC/AC InverterWith fixed voltage & frequency
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Off-grid / With battery storage / Hybrid System
PV ArrayCharge
Controller
Battery
DC/AC Inverter
AC LoadOther
Source
Power Conditioning
Unit
DC-Coupled
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Hybrid Solar/Wind PV Array
AC Load
Battery Bank
Charge Controller
Off-grid / With battery storage / Hybrid System
DC/AC Inverter
Wind Turbine
Wind Controller
DC-Coupled
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Off-grid / With battery storage / Hybrid System
PV ArrayPV
Inverter
BatteryDC/AC Inverter
AC Load
Other Source
Power Conditioning
Unit
AC-Coupled
Grid Former
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Inverters
Off-grid / With battery storage / Hybrid System
AC Bus )3-phase(
Hybrid Solar/Wind/Diesel
AC-Coupled
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• The grid is the network of cables by which electricity is transported from power stations to houses, buildings & other places.
• A grid connected PV system is linked to this grid or electrical network. This means that it can deliver the electricity it produces into the electricity network and therefore no battery or other storage is needed.
On-grid PV Systems
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On-grid PV Systems
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF GRID CONNECTED PV SYSTEMS
PV GENERATOR
DC
AC
M
LOAD
GRID
kWh Counter
PVNet meteringThe difference between production-consumption is measured
PV GENERATOR
DC
AC
M
LOAD
GRIDPV
M
Feed-in tariffThe total production of energy is measured
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SIMPLIFIED DIAGRAM OF A TYPICAL GRID CONNECTED INVERTER
SG+
SG-
S1
S4
S3
S2 Filter
Full bridge Transformer
P
N
Self-commutated inverter, with pulse width modulation and line frequency transformer
Time
Switches S1,S2 cooperate during one half-period - S3,S4 during next half-period
Pulse width modulation PWM
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PV Power Plant
Large PV power plants
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Large on-grid PV power plants
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Large Scale PV Systems
Building integrated photovoltaic systems BIPVs
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Building Integrated PV )BIPV(
NERC’s PV Projects Implemented in Year 2014
• PV Street Lighting for Free Zone Muwaqar• 1 MWp PV grid-connected system in Ma’an.• 65 kWp PV grid-connected systems in Fefa.
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NERC’s PV Projects in Progress
• FOSTErinMED (ENPI/CBC-MED).• MED-SOLAR (ENPI/CBC-MED).• PV Street Lighting in Mafraq.• 700 kWp PV grid-connected system in
Amman.• 250 kWp PV grid-connected system in
Amman
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Thanks
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