· 1 . curriculum vitae. name: thomas h. shaffer, ms.e., ph.d. office address : temple university...

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CURRICULUM VITAE Name: Thomas H. Shaffer, MS.E., Ph.D. Office Address: Temple University School of Medicine Department of Physiology 3420 North Broad Street Philadelphia, PA 19140

Office Address: Nemours Research Lung Center Department of Biomedical Research Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children 1600 Rockland Road, A/R 302 Wilmington, DE 19803

Present Academic and Hospital Appointments: 2004 – Present Director, Nemours Center for Pediatric Research Nemours Biomedical Research Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children 1600 Rockland Road Wilmington, DE 19803 2001 - Present Associate Director , Nemours Biomedical Research Nemours Children’s Clinic – Wilmington of The Nemours Foundation Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803 Director, Nemours Pediatric Lung Center Nemours Children's Clinic - Wilmington of The Nemours Foundation Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE Director, Office of Technology Transfer Nemours Children's Clinic - Wilmington of The Nemours Foundation Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE Professor, Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics Thomas Jefferson University, College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 2001-Present Professor Emeritus, Physiology and Pediatrics,

Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA

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Training, Awards, Societies, and Membership: Education: 1963-1968 B.S. Mechanical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 1968 Mathematics, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 1969-1970 MSE. Applied Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 1970-1972 Ph.D., Applied Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA Advisor: Dr. Gordon D. Moskowitz

Postgraduate Training: 1972-1974 Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA Advisor: Dr. Arthur B. Dubois

Awards, Honors and Membership in Honorary Societies: 1964-1968 Dean's List, Drexel University; Pi Tau Sigma; Olin Matheson Fellowship; Awarded Ford Foundation Fellowship; Tau Beta Pi 1969 Inventors Fulcrum of Progress Award 1974 Scholar of the Pennsylvania Plan; Sigma Xi 2005 Temple University Million Dollar Research Award Club 2010 Who’s Who in America 2010 Nomination for the 2010 National Medal of Technology and Innovation Award

Membership in Professional and Scientific Societies: American Association Advancement of Science American Thoracic Society American Physiology Society American Pediatric Society New York Academy of Sciences Laennec Society Philadelphia Neonatal Society Philadelphia Physiology Society Society of Critical Care Medicine

Editorial Board: Emeritus Pediatric Pulmonology Emeritus Pulmonary Researcher Emeritus Biology of the Neonate US and European Journal of Paediatrics Journal of Orthopedic Surgery and Techniques

Journal Reviewer: Acta Paediatrica American Review of Respiratory Disease American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine American Journal of Physiology Anesthesiology Annals of Biomedical Engineering Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine

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Biology of the Neonate Critical Care Medicine

Journal Reviewer: American Journal of Physiology European Respiratory Journal Journal of Applied Physiology Journal of Pediatrics Journal of Developmental Physiology Journal of Orthopedic Surgery and Techniques IEEE Transaction for Biomedical Engineering Intensive Care Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology Pediatric Research Pediatric Pulmonology Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Pediatrics Radiation Research Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

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Academic Appointments and Experience: Previous Academic Appointments: 1968 Instructor of Mechanical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State

College, PA 1972-1974 Postdoctoral Fellow in Physiology, Department of Physiology, School of

Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 1974-1975 Research Associate in Physiology, Department of Physiology, School of

Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 1975-1976 Associate in Physiology & Medicine, Departments of Physiology and Medicine,

School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 1976-1977 Assistant Professor of Physiology, Department of Physiology, School of

Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 1977-1987 Director, Respiratory Physiology Section. Associate Professor of Physiology,

Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA

1987-2001 Director, Respiratory Physiology Section. Professor of Physiology, Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA

Industrial Experience: 1968-1970 Systems Engineer, Navigation and Control Systems Laboratory, General Electric

Co., Valley Forge, PA

Consulting Positions: 1970–1972 Systems Consultant, Navigation and Control Systems Laboratory, General

Electric Co., Valley Forge, PA 1972–1974 Systems Consultant, AVCO Everett Research Laboratory, Everett, MA. 1975-2000 Pulmonary Consultant, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of

Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 1979–1982 Ad Hoc Consultant, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Cardiovascular &

Pulmonary Study Section, Bethesda, MD 1980–1985 Pulmonary Consultant, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 1980–1995 Pulmonary Consultant, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Temple University,

Philadelphia, PA 1981–1989 Pulmonary Consultant, Pennsylvania Hospital, Newborn Pediatrics, Philadelphia,

PA 1985–1989 Pulmonary Consultant, Medical Associated Services, Hatfield, PA 1989–1991 Pulmonary Consultant, Biopulmonics, Inc., Redmond, WA 1991–2001 Pulmonary Consultant, Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp., San Diego, CA 1998–2001 Pulmonary Consultant, Mallinckrodt Medical, St Louis, MO 1994–2004 Pulmonary Consultant, Ross Products Division, Columbus, Ohio 1999–2004 Pulmonary Consultant, Hill-Rom, Hatboro, PA 1999–present Intertek Testing, Inc., Chicago, IL 2000–2004 Physiology Consultant, CryoFluor Therapeutics, L.L.C.,Tucson, AZ 2001–2010 Benechill, Inc., San Diego, CA 2002–2004 Research Consultant, BattellePharma, Inc., Columbus, OH 2003–2005 Arizeke Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA

Grant Support: Previous Support: “Feasibility Investigation of Laminar Jet Techniques”, Naval Air Systems Command, NOD-19-69-C-0104, 1968-70, Co-Principal Investigator. “Liquid Ventilation in Newborn Lambs with RDS”, NHLBI, HL17154, 1974-76, Principal Investigator. “Pulmonary Physiology in Liquid Ventilation”, NHLBI, HL19402, 1976-78, Principal Investigator. “Pulmonary Physiology in Liquid Ventilation”, BRSG 501-977-699, 1977-78, Principal Investigator. “Pulmonary Physiology in Liquid Ventilation”, NHLBI, HL33843, 1978-83, Principal Investigator. “Pulmonary Training Grant: Experimental Pulmonary Emphysema”, NHLBI, 1978-83, Faculty Member, Preceptor.

“Biochemical and morphological changes in fetal and newborn lungs after liquid ventilation”, NIH BRSG-501-978-78, 1984-85, Principal Investigator.

“Pulmonary Training Grant: Experimental Obstructive Lung Diseases”, NHLBI, 1984-89, Faculty Member, Preceptor. “Physiologic Responses to Oxygenation in Early Development”, NHLBI, HL30525, 1984-88, Principal Investigator. “Functional Characteristics of Immature Airways”, NHLBI, HL32031, 1985-88, Principal Investigator. “Small Instrumentation Grant”, NIH BRSG 1515CA46242-01, 1986-87, Principal Investigator. “The Effect of Blood Glucose Levels on CNS Function During Early Development”, American Diabetes Association, 1988-89, Co-Principal Investigator. “Lung Cancer Hyperthermia Via Ultrasound and PFC Liquids”, NIH NCI CA48611, 1988-89, Co-Principal Investigator. “Feasibility Investigation of Multifluor Inert Fluid APF-140 as a Ventilation Medium”. Air Products, 1990-91, Principal Investigator. “Feasibility Investigation of Perfluorooctylbromide fluid as a ventilation medium”. Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp., 1991-92, Principal Investigator.

“Comparison of Surfactant-Treated Gas Ventilation and Surfactant-Treated Liquid Ventilated Preterm Lambs”, Chiesi, S.P.A., Parma, Italy, 1991-92, Principal Investigator.

“Combined Liquid Ventilation-ECMO Therapy for Respiratory Distress”, Psicor Corp., 1992-93, Principal Investigator. “Lung Cancer Hyperthermia Via Ultrasound and PFC Liquids”, NIH NCI CA48611-(Phase II), 1990-93, Principal Investigator.

“Pulmonary Administration of Histamine with Liquid Ventilation: Evaluating Distribution and Pulmonary vs. Systemic Vascular Responses in Newborn Lambs”, Wyeth Pediatrics, 1994-95, Co-Investigator.

Grant Support: Previous Support: “Adenosine Receptor Studies in Pulmonary Airways and Vessels in the Developing Lamb”, Merck Laboratories, 1993-95, Principal Investigator.

“Enhanced Pulmonary Distribution of Exogenous Surfactant with the use of Liquid Ventilation in Experimental RDS”, Ross Laboratories, 1992-97, Principal Investigator. “Measurement of nitric oxide formation during inhalational nitric oxide therapy”, AHERF- Singer Foundation, 1995-97, Co-Investigator. “A quantitative method for in-vivo assessment of airway compliance”, AHERF- Singer Foundation, 1995-97, Co-Investigator. “Effect of liquid ventilation in the treatment of hydrocarbon pneumonitis”, AHERF- Singer Foundation, 1995-97, Co-Investigator.

“Partial Liquid Ventilation with AFO141: A Pilot Safety Efficacy Study in Premature Newborns with Severe Respiratory Distress Syndrome who have failed Conventional Therapy with Exogenous Surfactant”, Alliance Pharm. Corp, 1994-98, Co-Investigator.

“Partial Liquid Ventilation (PLV) with AFO141: A Pilot Safety and Efficacy Study in Adults with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)”, Alliance Pharm. Corp, 1995-98, Co-Investigator.

“Effect of prolonged liquid ventilation on newborn and preterm lambs: Physiologic, histologic and biochemical correlates”, John B. Sharpe Foundation of the Bryn Mawr Hospital, 1993-99, Co-Investigator. “Long-term recovery of newborn lambs from tidal liquid ventilation”, Crown Foundation, 1996-99, Co-Investigator. “Cardiovascular Function During Perfluorochemical Liquid Ventilation”, American Heart Association, 1997-99, Co-Investigator. “Long-term Liquid Ventilation Studies in Lambs”, Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp., 1992-2000, Principal Investigator. “Evaluation of Pulmonary Drug Delivery and Distribution during Different Forms of Perflubron Liquid Ventilation and Gas Ventilation in Normal and Injured Lamb Lungs”, Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp., 1992-2000, Principal Investigator. “Role of Histamine in the Transitional Pulmonary Circulation of the Newborn Lamb”, American Heart Association, 1999-2000, Co-Principal Investigator. “Liquid Assisted Ventilation: Mechanical and Cytoprotective”. American Heart Association, 1999-2001, Co-Principal Investigator.

"Evaluation of Pulmonary Drug Delivery and Distribution during Different Forms of Perflubron Liquid Ventilation and Gas Ventilation in Normal and Injured Lamb Lungs," Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp., 1992–2001, Principal Investigator. “Hypothermia as a means of pulmonary and neural protection," Ashley Fund and Foundation. 1999-2002, Principal Investigator. “Recombinant Human CC10 as a Therapy in ARDS"@ Claragen Inc., 2001-2002, Principal Investigator.

"Infant Care Initiative." Hill-Rom Manufacturing, Inc. 2001-2003.Principal Investigator

Grant Support: Previous Support: "Neonatal Normal and Injured Lung Models with Tracheal Gas Insufflation: Physiologic, Radiographic and Histological Outcomes." Nemours Foundation, 2000-2003, Co-Principal Investigator. “Evaluation of the Emersafe Infant CPR Device.” Emersafe, Oslo, Norway. 2001-2003, Principal Investigator. “CryoFluor Therapy for Endometrial Ablation," RCT Corporation. 2001-2005, Principal Investigator.

"Delivery of Antioxidant Enzymes & Genes to the Neonatal Lung", NIH, HLBI, HL 64158-01, Consortium Agreement, 2000-2006.Principal Investigator. “Feasibility of Recombinant Human CC10 as a Therapy in IRDS”, NIH, STTR, 2000-2001, Co-Principal Investigator.

“Evaluation of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and Surfactant as a Pulmonary Protective Strategy in a Neonatal Model of Respiratory Distress Syndrome,” Nemours Foundation, 2002-2004, Principal Investigator.

“In Vivo Evaluation of the Columbia Life Systems/Hill-Rom Manufacturing "Smartblender" Technology.” Phase I and II. Columbia Life Systems/Hill-Rom Manufacturing, Inc./Drager Medical Infant Care, Inc. 2002-2006, Principal Investigator. “The Effectiveness of the Heliox Incubator in Promoting Growth in Postnatal Rabbits.” Hill-Rom Manufacturing, Inc. 2003-2006. Principal Investigator.

“The Inflammatory and Antibacterial Properties of Airway Epithelia.” Nemours Foundation. 2003-2006. Co-Investigator.

“The Effect of iNO/Heliox as an Adjunctive Bronchodilator Therapy in a Neonatal Piglet Model of Bronchospasm.” INO Therapeutics, Inc. 2004-2006. Principal Investigator. “Validation of the JM103 Transcutaneous Jaundice Meter.” Drager Infant Medical Care. 2006. Principal Investigator. “Cardiac Output Monitor for Children's ICU”, NIH R41, Phase I. Transonics Systems, Inc. 2003-2006. Principal Investigator. “Efficacy of Chest Physiotherapy in Pediatric Patients with Acute Asthma Exacerbations.” Nemours Foundation. 2003-2007. Co-Investigator. “Surfaxin Efficacy Study on Calu-3 Cells.” Phase I and II. Discovery Laboratories. 2006-2009, Principal Investigator. “The Center for Pediatric Research.” NIH COBRE P20 RR020173. $10,000,000 9/2004 – 7/31/2010. Principal Investigator. “Cardiac Output Monitor for Children's ICU”, NIH R42, Phase II.” Transonics Systems, Inc. 2009-2011. Principal Investigator. “Intratracheal Administration of Surfaxin: Bolus versus Aerosol,” Discovery Laboratories, 2007-2010. Co-Investigator. “The Impact of Temperature, Humidity and Oxygen on Human Airway Cells.” VapoTherm, Inc. 11/2009-11/2010. Principal Investigator.

Grant Support: Previous Support: “The Center for Pediatric Research,” 9/30/2009 – 07/31/2010, Principal Investigator ARRA Administrative Supplemental grants (3) : Principal Investigator $1,255,497

1. Administrative Supplements for Enhancing NCRR Pilot Project Mechanism 2. Administrative Supplements to Advance Translational (T1 & T2) Research 3. Administrative Supplements to Advance Translational (T1 & T2) Research

“The Center for Pediatric Research,” Principal Investigator 9/17/2010 – 7/31/2015 NIH COBRE P20GM103464 $9,500,000 Goal:The purpose of this grant is to develop a Center for Pediatric Research to increase the number of active,

NIH-funded biomedical researchers in the State of Delaware through the efforts of a multidisciplinary group of investigators at the Nemours Research Institute/Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children through the study of pediatric diseases, therapy and prevention.

“Intratracheal Administration of Surfaxin: Bolus versus Aerosol,” Co- Principal Investigator 2007-2017

Discovery Laboratories, Inc. $450, 000

Goal: To investigate the aerosol delivery of surfactant to a preterm lamb model of RDS. The study focuses on delivery dose, time and efficacy in terms of pulmonary outcomes.

Grant Support: Current Support: 1P30GM114736-01 (Shaffer: PI/PD) 08/01/2015 – 07/31/2020 NIH/NIGMS $5,000,000 “Center for Pediatric Research (CPR)” The long-term goal of COBRE Phase III is to build on the success of COBRE Phase I and II. In so doing, we will sustain

the infrastructure cores, mentorship program and pilot project programs to provide the Center for Pediatric Research with the resources to drive translational research programs focused on pediatric diseases at Nemours far into the future

“The Infant Care Initiative,” Principal Investigator 11/30/99 – present Draeger Infant Medical Care (formerly Hill-Rom Air-Shields, Inc.) $112,000 (current fund) Goal: The purpose of this study is to research and examine developments in translational research dealing with the care

and support of neonates. The fund supports fellows research projects and travel to conferences.

“Integrated small animal pulmonary function analysis and environmental exposure system” 2010-2018 Office of Naval Research: #N0014-10-0761 Co-Principal Investigator $160,000 Defense University Research Instrumentation Program (DURIP): Goal: The purpose of this funding is to purchase and develop a small animal pulmonary function analysis and

environmental exposure system. This equipment forms the basis of a core and comprehensive cardiopulmonary evaluation and treatment system for rodents.

HL118401 (Idell) 07/01/14 – 06/30/18 NIH/NHLBI “Airway Delivery of Fibrinolytic Therapy for ISALI” Role: Co-investigator

The major goals of this multi-center collaboration is to select the most effective fibrinolytic delivery regimen for treatment of ISALI.

“ NIH DE-CTR” Role: Internal Advisory Committee (IAC) 9/2013-2018 NIH/ NIGMS (Stuart-McCloud) $20, 000, 000 Goal: To increase research infrastructure in the state of Delaware in order to improve translational clinical research.

“NIH/NIGMS “Sickle Cell COBRE” (Stuart) 8/1/14-7/3`/19 Role: Internal Advisory Committee $10,000,000 Goal: To develop a state of the art multidisciplinary research facility to support the “management” of the infant, child and

adolescent with SCD and the development of the PIs of the funded COBRE into successfully individually funded investigators.

“Far-Forward Treatment of TBI using Perfluorochemicals - Pilot Study”, Co- Principal Investigator 2010-2018 Office of Naval Research N00014-10-1-0928 Defense Department $128,326 Goal: The purpose of this pilot study is to provide proof of concept in animal models that a novel, practical, and field-ready

nasopharyngeal perfluorochemical delivery system can induce selective brain hypothermia for neuroprotection against traumatic brain injury in a small animal model.

“Far-Forward Treatment of TBI using Perfluorochemicals - Pilot Study”, Co- Principal Investigator 2010-2018 Office of Naval R N00014-10-1-0928 PR No., Mod No.: 11PR01836-00 P00001 Incremental Funding $300,000 Goal: The purpose of this pilot study is to provide proof of concept in animal models that a novel, practical, and field-ready

nasopharyngeal perfluorochemical delivery system can induce selective brain hypothermia for neuroprotection against traumatic brain injury in a large animal model.

“Neonatal Research Fund" Principal Investigator 1983-present. Newborn Pediatrics, Pennsylvania Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, $56,000 University of Pennsylvania and Thomas Jefferson University; and Department of Pediatrics, St. Christopher's Hospital, Donations. Goal: The purpose of this study is to research and examine developments in translational research dealing with the care and support of neonates. The fund supports fellows research projects and travel to conferences.

Public Relations Exposure: National and international newspapers, news programs, and syndicated television coverage of liquid ventilation and pulmonary administration of biological agents. Examples of coverage include:

• The New York Times, • The Wall Street Journal, • USA Today, • The Boston Globe, • The Washington Herald, • Business Week, • Time & Newsweek Magazine, • The New York Times Sunday Magazine, • U.S. News & World Reports, • and Science. • News releases and appearances on ABC, CBS, NBC, PBS, CNN, Good Morning America, The

Body Human 2000, CBS, Tomorrow’s World, Horizons, Beyond 2000 and Beyond Tomorrow, the British Broadcasting Company (BBC).

• Readers Digest, June 2006, “Miracle Baby”, 2008 Fuji TV, Japan, “Unbelievable Stories”. Documentary Film, France 2, 2009.

• The New Scientist, November 2010, Research Media-Europe, December, 2010, BabyFirst Draeger Medical, Inc.

An annotated profile is available upon request from the Public Relations Department of Temple University Hospital Health Sciences Center, Thomas Jefferson Medical School & A.I. DuPont Public Relations.

Lectures: Visiting Professorships (1997-2000): Visiting Professor and Lecturer, University of California at San Diego, Children’s Hospital and Naval

Hospital, January, 1997.

Liquid Ventilation: Basic Principles, (Chairmen, Liquid Ventilation Session), ECMO.

Critical Care Conference, Keystone, CO. March, 1997.

Visiting Professor and Lecturer, University of Utah, Children’s Hospital, April, 1997.

Visiting Professor and Lecturer, Loma Linda University, San Bernardino, CA, September, 1997.

New Jersey Respiratory Care Society, Atlantic City, New Jersey, September, 1997.

Visiting Professor and Lecturer, 30th Brazilian Congress on Pediatric Care, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, October, 1997.

New Forms of Assisted Ventilation, Trauma Conference, Delaware Respiratory Care Society, Wilmington, Delaware, October, 1997.

Visiting Professor and Lecturer, Keynote Speaker: L. Stanley James Memorial Lecture, Respiratory Care of the Newborn Conference, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, October, 1997.

Pediatric Grand Rounds, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania.

Medical School, Philadelphia, January, 1998.

Frontiers in Critical Care, 27th Educational and Scientific Symposium, “The Physiology of the Perfluorochemical-filled Lung”, San Antonio, Texas, February, 1998.

Eighteenth Annual Conference, Cambria-Somerset Council for Education of Health Professionals, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, February, 1998.

ECMO and Advanced Therapies for Respiratory Failure Symposium, Chairman, Chronic Lung Disease Session & Liquid Ventilation Session, Keystone, Colorado, March, 1998.

BBC Documentary of Liquid Ventilation, “Horizons”, March, 1998.

Annual Meeting of Chinese-Taipei Society of Neonatology, National Yang-Ming University and National Taiwan University, Visiting Professor & Lecturer, Taipei, Taiwan, March, 1998.

Brazilian Congress of Pediatric Critical Care, Visiting Professor & Lecturer, Salvador Bahia, Brazil, May, 1998.

Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, International Conference, Chairman & Lecturer, Liquid Ventilation Session, Philadelphia, PA, June, 1998.

Ipokrates International Conference, Curriculum of Excellence in Neonatology: Respiratory Problems, Visiting Professor and Lecturer, Padua University, Padua, Italy, June, 1998.

International Conference on Neonatal Medicine, “Liquid Ventilation”, Visiting Professor & Lecturer, Gereb, Hungary, July, 1998.

Visiting Professor and Lecturer, Ulleval University, Oslo, Norway, July, 1998.

Utah Perinatal Conference, “Liquid Ventilation: Update on Trials," University of Utah, Salt Lake City, October, 1998.

Visiting Professorships (1997-2000): Biomedical Engineering Conference, “The Principles of Liquid Ventilation," University of Delaware,

Wilmington, Delaware, November, 1998.

Hot Topics Conference, Liquid Ventilation Update, Washington DC, Dec, 1998.

Children’s Hospital, Harvard University, Grand Rounds and Visiting Professor, December, 1998.

ECMO and Advanced Therapies for Respiratory Failure Symposium, "Liquid Ventilation: Basic Principles," (Chairmen, Liquid Ventilation Session), Keystone, CO. February, 1999.

International Conference on Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care, “Liquid Ventilation: Reality or the Future," Florence, Italy, February, 1999.

“The Body Human 2000," CBS Network, 10 PM., April 7th, 1999.

Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care- German/Austrian Congress, “Liquid Ventilation for Pediatric Respiratory Distress,” Munich, Germany, May, 1999.

Ipokrates Congress for Neonatal Care, “Development of the Airways in Health and Disease," Paris, France, June, 1999.

Italian Neonatal Congress on Respiratory Management, “Liquid Ventilation for Neonates," Asiago, Italy, October, 1999.

High Frequency Ventilation Conference, “Airway Function in Health and Disease," Ovifat, Belgium, October, 1999.

Hot Topics Conference, Guest Discussant, Washington DC, Dec, 1999.

Critical Care Conference, Wintrop University Hospital, Liquid Ventilation: Current Status@, Mineola, N.Y., February, 2000.

ECMO and Advanced Therapies for Respiratory Failure Symposium, @ Liquid Ventilation: Basic Principles@, (Chairmen, Liquid Ventilation Session), Keystone, CO. March, 2000.

Visiting Professor, “Developmental Physiology of the Airways” Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York City, New York, June, 2000.

II European Symposium on Liquid Ventilation, Development of Liquid Ventilation: State of-the-Art (Presenter and Chairman), Bilbao, Spain, October, 2000.

Chronic Lung Disease Symposium, “Liquid Ventilation: Trials and Tribulations”, Blackpool, United Kingdom, November, 2000.

Lectures and Visiting Professorships (2001-2004): Visiting Lecturer, Thomas Jefferson University, “Pulmonary Mechanics," Jefferson Medical College,

Department of Pediatrics, Philadelphia, PA, January, 2001.

ECMO and Advanced Therapies for Respiratory Failure Symposium, @ Liquid Ventilation: Basic Principles@, (Chairmen, Liquid Ventilation Session), Keystone, CO. March, 2001.

Focus on Respiratory Care, “All About Liquid Ventilation," Keynote speaker, Cleveland, OH, April, 2001.

Visiting Lecturer, St. Peter's University Hospital, "Liquid Ventilation," "Airway Development in Health and Disease," New Brunswick, New Jersey, January 28, 2002.

Lecturer and Presenter. Quarterly High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation Seminars. "Airway Structure in Health and Disease." Department of Respiratory Therapy. A.I. duPont Hospital for Children. March 3, 2002.

Lectures and Visiting Professorships (2001-2004): Visiting Lecturer, BattellePharma. "Applications of the BattellePharma MysticTM inhalation system in

endotracheal drug delivery." Columbus, Ohio. March 22, 2002.

Visiting Lecturer, 4th International Symposium on the Pediatric Airway, "Airway Structure-Function and Development in Health and Disease." University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. April 26-27, 2002.

Visiting Lecturer and Presenter. 2002 Annual Meeting of the Society of Pediatric Research. "Liquid Ventilation." "Pediatric Airway Structure: Function and Development." Baltimore, Maryland. May 3 - May 8, 2002.

Lecturer and Presenter. Quarterly High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation Seminars. "High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation: Pediatric Applications." Department of Respiratory Therapy, A.I. duPont Hospital for Children. May 10, 2002.

Lecturer and Presenter. "Respiratory Diseases of the Neonate." Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, PA. May 28-29, 2002.

Lecturer and Presenter. "The Neonatal Airway in Health and Disease." Stanford University, California. August 14-16, 2002.

Lecturer and Presenter. "Neonatal Airways." RTC Corporation, Tucson, AZ, September 3-5, 2002.

Lecturer and Presenter. "The Use of High frequency Oscillatory Ventilation in the Neonate." Delaware Society of Respiratory Therapy. University of Delaware. September 26, 2002.

Lecturer and Presenter. 'Liquid Ventilation: From Bench to Bedside." Evidence Based Advanced Neonatal Pharmacology Conference 2002. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC. October 6-8, 2002.

Lecturer and Presenter. "The Neonatal Airway." American Association of Pediatrics. Boston, MA. October 20, 2002.

Lecturer and Presenter “INO Therapeutics Speakers Symposium. New Orleans, LA. March 7-9, 2003.

Lecturer and Presenter “2003 Annual Meeting of the Society of Pediatric Research. Seattle, Washington May 2 - May 7, 2003.

Lecturer and Presenter "Development of the Neonatal Airway." Cooper Hospital, Cooperstown, NJ, June 18, 2003.

Lecturer and Keynote Speaker, “The Neonatal Airway in Health and Disease." European Society for Pediatric Research. Bilboa Spain, September 24-October 3, 2003.

Lecturer and Presenter. "Cryoflor Therapeutics." Research Corporation Technologies. Tucson, AZ. October 10-12, 2003.

Lecturer and Presenter, " The Neonatal Airway: Growth and Development." Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Grand Rounds, November 19, 2003.

Lecturer and Presenter “SOD Delivery to the Lungs”, Winthrop University. Mineola, NY. March 2, 2004.

“Physiology of the Airway.” Child Health Institute of New Jersey, UMDNJ – Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, March 5, 2004.

Lecturer “High Frequency Ventilation.” Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children. Wilmington, DE. April 5, 2004.

Lecturer and Presenter, “Airway Development.” American Academy of Pediatrics/Society for Pediatric Research annual conference, San Francisco, CA, April 30-May 4, 2004.

Interview “Ectogenesis”, The Osgood File (CBS Radio), April 15, 2004

Lectures and Visiting Professorships (2001-2004): Chairman, Boggs Award, Philadelphia Perinatal Society, Philadelphia, PA, May 19, 2004

“Translational Research.” University of Delaware, Department of Biology, June 30, 2004.

Lecture, Arizeke Pharmaceutical, “CC10 Pre-Clinical Trials”, San Diego, CA, August 16-18, 2004.

“Center for Pediatric Research,” NIH COBRE Principal Investigator Conference, Bethesda, MD, September 7-9, 2004.

Hot Topics, “Liquid Ventilation: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow”, Washington D.C., December 2004.

Lectures and Visiting Professorships (2005-2010): “The Creation of a Center for Biomedical Research Excellence: The Center for Pediatric Research.”

Delaware Biotechnology Institute, Newark, Delaware, January 13, 2006.

“Liquid Ventilation.” Grand Rounds, Ulleva Hospital, Oslo, Norway. March 14, 2006

“Liquid Ventilation: From the Bench to the Bedside.” 5th Annual European Symposium on the Development of Liquid Ventilation. Milan, Italy. March 16-18, 2006.

“Transcutaneous Bilirubin Evaluation for Ethnically Mixed Preterm Neonates. Spinner S, Singhaus CJ, Goldsmith L, Shaffer TH. Poster presentation, Society for Pediatric Research Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA, May 2, 2006.

“Liquid Ventilation Translational Research.” University of Delaware, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Summer Internship Program. Newark, DE, June 28, 2006.

Corso Avanzato di Terapia Respiratoria Neonatale, Developmental Airway Physiology, Parma, Italy, November, 2006.

Hot Topics in Neonatology, Guest Discussant, Washington D.C., December 2006.

Ground Rounds, Tufts – New England Medical College, Boston, MA, March 12-13, 2007.

Bio-Windhover Partnering Conference for Decision-Makers, Invited Discussant, Washington, DC, April 9-11, 2007.

Society for Pediatric Research Annual Conference, Invited Discussant, Toronto, Canada, May 5-9, 2007

6th International Conference on Perfluorochemicals, Presenter/Chairman, Montreal, CA, Oct, 2007.

Hot Topics in Neonatology, Guest Discussant, Washington D.C., December 2007.

Office of Naval Research Conference on DCS, Washington, DC, December, 2007.

Benechill Educational Series. Guest Speaker. Rancho Mirage, CA. March 8-12, 2008.

Discovery Laboratories Educational Seminar. Guest Discussant. Miami, FL. April 10-11, 2008.

PEDIATRIX Medical Group National Directors Meeting. Guest Discussant. Lake Buena Vista, FL, April 13 – 15, 2008.

NIH 2nd National IDeA Meeting. Panel participant. Washington, DC. August 6-9, 2008.

2nd Congress of the European Academy of Pediatrics. Invited speaker. Presentation of two abstracts. Nice, France, October 23 – October 28, 2008.

Hot Topics in Neonatology. Guest Speaker and Panel Participant. Washington, DC. December 7-9, 2008.

SPR Annual Conference. Guest Discussant. Baltimore, MD. May 2-6, 2009.

Lectures and Visiting Professorships (2005-2010): NIH 3rd Annual IDeA Meeting. Panel Participant. Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire. August

4-8, 2009.

Hot Topics in Neonatology. Guest Discussant. Washington, DC. December 5-8, 2009.

Cubist Pharma, “Preterm Lamb Model for Lung Development” Boston. MA, Jan., 2010.

Office of Naval Research, “Traumatic Brain Injury and Therapies” Arlington, VA, Feb., 2010. NIH 4th Annual IDeA Meeting. COBRE/INBRE Participant. Bethesda, MD., June, 2010. La Salle University, “Pulmonary Function of the Preterm Lamb” , Bogata, Colombia, Feb, 15, 2010. Office of Naval Research, Lecture on “Head Cooling with Nasopharyngeal PFC Spray” Washington, DC, February 1, 2010. University de LaSalle, Bogota, Columbia, Lecture on “Preterm Lamb Model for the Study of Neonatal Development”, February 15, 2010. PAS/SPR Presenter on “Mechanical ventilation (MV) of the neonatal airway: Effect on mechanical properties and cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) “, Vancouver, Canada, May, 2010 . American Thoracic Society Meeting Presenter on “Impact of Surfactant Treatment in a Translational Animal Model of One-Lung Ventilation, New Orleans, LA, May, 2010. IDeA Meeting Discussant on New Grant Formats, Bethesda , MD, June, 2010. ADVA MED, Discussant on Technology Transfer, Washington, DC, Oct., 2010. Hot Topics, Discussant on Airways during Development, Washington, DC, Dec., 2010.

Lectures and Visiting Professorships (2010-2015): Seattle Children’s Hospital and Research Institute, Visiting Professor, Seattle, Washington, Feb,, 2011. Thomas Jefferson University, “Mentorship for Graduate Students and Fellows in Medicine”, Philadelphia, PA, March, 2011. Experimental Biology Meeting, “First Successful Birth after a Uterine Transplant”, Washington, DC, April, 2011. PAS/SPR Presenter on “Impact of PFB on protection from hyperoxia and pressure in human epithelial cells” , Denver, CO, 2011 .

Lectures and Visiting Professorships (2010-2015):

Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Lung Physiology Lecture, A.I DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, September 23, 2011.

Innovation in Infant Care Conference, Biomedical Applications of Perfluorochemicals”, Valley Forge, PA, October 16-17, 2011.

Hot Topics in Neonatology. Guest Discussant. Washington, DC. December 4-6, 2011.

Visiting Professor and Grand Rounds, “Biomedical Applications with Perfluorochemicals” University of Texas Tyler, Tyler , Texas, April, 2012.

PAS/SPR, 2 platform presentations and 3 poster presentations, Boston, MA, April, 2012.

7th International Symposium on liquid ventilation and medical applications. Keynote presentation/moderator, Paris, France, May, 2012. American Thoracic Society Meeting Presenter on “The effects of gas humidification with high flow nasal cannula on cultured human epithelial cells”, San Francisco, CA, May, 2012. Symposium for Sir Rolf Lindemann, “Developmental Airways: The gateway to gas exchange” , Keynote Presentation, Oslo, Norway, June, 2012. NIH NISBRE Meeting, Session Moderator, Washington, DC, June, 2012. Office of Naval Research, “Traumatic Brain Injury and the use of perfluorochemicals for head cooling”, Arlington, VA, July, 2012. International Morquio Symposium, “Pulmonary Implications and Evaluation of Function”, A. I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, July, 2012. Hot Topics in Neonatology, Session Moderator, Washington, DC, December, 2012. American Pediatric Society, The impact of hyperoxia and/or hyperventilation on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Washington, DC, May,2013. *American Pediatric Society, Nasopharyngeal (NP) perfluorochemical (PFC) selective brain cooling: Neuroprotection against traumatic brain injury (TBI). Washington, DC, May,2013. *International Morquio Symposium, “Pulmonary Implications and Evaluation of Function”, A. I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, July, 2013. PMD Symposium, Noninvasive Pulmonary Evaluation Approaches, A.I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, August, 2013. *North East Regional Idea Meeting, Novel animal model of native airway hyperresponsiveness: an asthma phenotype? Newark, DE, August, 2013. NIH NISBRE Meeting, Session Moderator, Washington, DC, June, 2014. Visiting Professor & Grand Rounds “Drug Delivery with Perfluorochemical Vehicles”, University of Texas Galveston, Galveston, Texas, August, 2014.

Lectures and Visiting Professorships (2010-2015):

Hot Topics in Neonatology. Moderator and Panel speaker (“Recent Observations in Surfactant Pharmacology: Translational Impact for Neonatal Care”. Washington, DC. December 6-10, 2014.

PAS/SPR 2015. High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation: The Effects of Hyperoxia and Biophysical Stress on Human Airway Epithelial Cells. San Diego, CA, May, 2015.

Experimental Biology 2015. A Non-Lethal Large Animal Model of Traumatic Lung Injury (TLI). Boston, April, 2015.

Experimental Biology 2015. A Novel Approach for the Development and Characterization of a Large Animal Model of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Boston, April, 2015.

ATS 2015. Pulmonary function in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease. Denver, May, 2015.

ATS 2015. Morphological and Contractile Characteristics of Isolated Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (PASMC) exposed to Oxidative and Biophysical Stress. Denver, May, 2015.

PAS/SPR 2015. Inflammatory Role of Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Artery Hypertension. San Diego, CA, May, 2015.

International Morquio Symposium. Impact of Pulmonary Function on Morquio Syndrome. Wilmington, DE, July, 2015. PAS/SPR 2015. Parents' Preferences Regarding Administration of Animal-Derived Versus a Synthetic

Medication to their Newborn Infant. San Diego, CA, May, 2015.

NERIC Regional Meeting. The Center for Pediatric Research COBRE. Bar Harbor, Maine, September, 2015.

Hot Topics 2015. A: Retrospective Analysis of Preterm Infant Long Term Follow-up from a rhCC10 Ph1b Clinical Trial, Washington, DC, December, 2015.

Hot Topics 2015. Management of Supplemental Oxygen in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn- A Survey, Washington, DC, December, 2015.

Lectures and Visiting Professorships (2015-present): PAS/SPR 2016. A Novel Slot Retractor for Frenotomy. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2016.

PAS/SPR 2016. The Center for Pediatric Research COBRE. Regional IDeA Meeting , University of Delaware, Delaware, February, 2016.

PAS/SPR 2016. Management of Oxygen in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN) - A Survey. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2016.

PAS/SPR 2016. Impact of neonatal endotracheal tube biofilm on resistance and mechanics of breathing. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2016.

PAS/SPR 2016. Practice Variations in Initiation of Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension in Newborn (PPHN). Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2016.

PAS/SPR 2016. Lung Rest during ECMO for Neonatal Respiratory Failure. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2016.

Visiting Professor. Lecture on “Airway Function-Structure” University of Texas, Gaveston, TX, April, 2016.

EB 2016. Aerosolized Perfluorochemical Rescue Against Acute Altitude-Induced Pulmonary Complications. Experimental Biology, San Diego, CA, April, 2016.

Lectures and Visiting Professorships (2015-present): PAS/SPR 2016. A Novel Slot Retractor for Frenotomy. PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD, May, 2016. PAS/SPR 2016. Real-Time Noninvasive Pediatric Respiratory Monitor, PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD,

May, 2016. PAS/SPR 2016. Management of Oxygen in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn

(PPHN) - A Survey. PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD, May, 2016. PAS/SPR 2016. Impact of neonatal endotracheal tube biofilm on resistance and mechanics of

breathing. PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD, May, 2016. PAS/SPR 2016. Practice Variations in Initiation of Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) in Persistent Pulmonary

Hypertension in Newborn (PPHN). PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD, May, 2016. PAS/SPR 2016. Lung Rest during ECMO for Neonatal Respiratory Failure. PAS/SPR, Baltimore,

MD, May, 2016. PAS/SPR 2016. Effects of Inhaled Nitric Oxide on Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (PASMC)

Exposed To Positive Pressure Ventilation and Hyperoxia. ATS, San Francisco, CA, May, 2016. ATS 2016. Quantitative Analysis of Thoracoabdominal Asynchrony in Pediatric Polysomnography.

ATS, San Francisco, CA, May, 2016. ATS 2016. Blunt Thoracic Trauma with Pulmonary Blast Injury Phenotype: Perfluorochemical

intervention within the “Golden Hour”. ATS, San Francisco, CA, May, 2016. ATS 2016. Clinical Assessment and Respiratory Impedance Plethysmography in Predicting

Admission in Patients with Status Asthmaticus Presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Room. ATS, San Francisco, CA, May, 2016.

ATS 2016. Pulmonary Function Tests in a 2-year-old Male with Prune-Belly Syndrome and Renal

Failure undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis. ATS, San Francisco, CA, May, 2016. “Liquids Beyond the “Abyss”. EuroELSO, Glasgow, Scotland, June, 2016. “The Role of Perfluorocarbons in the ECMO ERA?” EuroELSO, Glasgow, Scotland, June, 2016. “Brain Feeze during Resucitation/ECMO”: The role of Perfluorocarbons. EuroELSO, Glasgow,

Scotland, June, 2016. “The role of perfluorochemicals in Biomedical Applications”, Clinical Pharmocology, Thomas

Jefferson School of Medicine, November, 2016. Hot Topics 2016. Moderator & Scientific Committee, Washington, DC, December, 2016.

Lectures and Visiting Professorships (2015-present): Invited lecture at the Joing Meetings of the FDA, NIH, ONR at Fort Detrick, MD. Lecture on PFC liquids as Oxygen Carriers, February 6-8, 2017.

Invited Lecture; ATS 2017 PostGraduate Course Lecture “Developmental Changes in Airways and Airway Smooth Muscle: Structure, Function and Mechanics”, Washington, DC, May, 2017. Invited Lecture & Visiting Professor; “Noninvasive pulmonary function testing in neonates”, University of PA., PA Hospital, July 20, 2017. Invited Lecture & Visiting Professor; Tufts University Medical School, “Noninvasive pulmonary function evaluation in infants and children”, Boston, MA, September 13-15, 2017. Invited Discussant & Planning Committee; Hot Topics in Neonatology, Washington, DC, December 10-13, 2017.

Invited Lecture & Visiting Professor; “Noninvasive pulmonary function testing in neonates”, University of PA., PA Hospital, July 20, 2017. Invited Lecture & Visiting Professor; Tufts University Medical School, “Noninvasive pulmonary function evaluation in infants and children”, Boston, MA, September 13-15, 2017. Invited Discussant & Planning Committee; Hot Topics in Neonatology, Washington, DC, December 10-13, 2017.

Invited Lecture; St Christopher’s Hospital for Children “A Day with the Newborn Conference”, Lecture Title: “Myths and Facts about Liquid Ventilation”, Philadelphia, PA, January 26, 2018.

Pediatric Grand Rounds & Visiting Professor: CooperHealthCare, Lecture Title: “Liquid Ventilation and Biomedical Applications”, Camden, NJ, March 28, 2018.

International Morquio Symposium: Nemours/ A.I. DuPont Hospital For Children, Lecture Title: “Noninvasive pulmonary function testing”, Wilmington, Delaware, July28, 2018.

Pediatric Grand Rounds & Visiting Professor: Nemours Children Hospital, Lecture Title: “Noninvasive pulmonary function evaluation in infants and children”, Orlando, Florida, August 15, 2018.

Philadelphia Perinatal Society: Society Hill Sheraton, Lecture Title: “Noninvasive approach for assessment of pulmonary function in neonates” Philadelphia, PA, October 17, 2018.

Hot Topics in Neonatology 2018. Moderator & Scientific Committee, Washington, DC, December 4, 2018.

Publications: Books, Book Chapters, Invited Review Articles and Editorials:

1. Shaffer, T.H.: Porous tube flow phenomena. Drexel Tech. Jour. 30: (2)2-15, Dec., 1967.

2. Shaffer, T.H.: A high input impedance fluidic amplifier. Drexel Tech. Jour. 30:(4) 40-44, May, 1968.

3. Reader, T.D., T.H. Shaffer and J. Goren: Feasibility investigation of a laminar rate sensor. Contract. NOD-19-69-C-0104 for Naval Air Systems Command, General Electric Co., June, 1969.

4. Shaffer, T.H.: Experimental studies on laminar jet phenomena. General Electric Tech. Information. Series 695731, June, 1969.

5. Shaffer, T.H. and L. DeEugineo: Liquid breathing. Drexel Tech. Jour. 34:(4) 20-55, 1972.

6. Shaffer, T.H.: Control Analysis and Design of a Demand Regulated Liquid Breathing System. Ph.D. Dissertation, Drexel University, June, 1972.

7. Schwartz, J.G., A.M. Trattner, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox. On-line computation of lung mechanics in the intensive care neonate. In: Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, Ed. S. Nair, Plenum Press, New York, 1980.

8. Fox, W.W. and T.H. Shaffer, Clinical assessment of pulmonary function in neonates. In: Clinics in Chest medicine, Ed. E. Sewell, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1980.

9. Sivieri, E.M., V.K. Bhutani, S.M. Synder, C.M. Philips, G.D. Moskowitz, and T.H. Shaffer. Small volume plethysmographic recordings using a capacitive transducer. Frontiers of Engineering in Health Care 2:339-340, 1980.

10. Shaffer, T.H. and W.W. Fox. Pulmonary function abnormalities in hyaline membrane disease. In: The Developmental Biology of the Lung and the Pathobiology of Hyaline Membrane Disease, Ed. C.J. Orenberg and P.M. Farrell, Academic Press, New York, 1982.

11. Fox, W.W. and T.H. Shaffer. Assessment of pulmonary function. In: Behrman's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Ed. A. Fanaroff and R. Martin, C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1982.

12. Wolfson, M.R., V.K. Bhutani and T.H. Shaffer: Respiratory Muscle Function. In: Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy, Ed. J. Tecklin, C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1984.

13. Shaffer, T.H., J. Gault, and M.R. Wolfson: Respiratory Physiology. In: Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy, Ed. J. Tecklin, C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1984.

14. Shaffer, T.H., V.K. Bhutani, and M.R. Wolfson. Studies on Developmental Physiology in the Preterm using Liquid Ventilation. In: The Physiological Development of the Fetus and Newborn, Ed. C.T. Jones and P.W. Nathaniels, Academic Press, London, 1985.

15. Fox, W.W., T.H. Shaffer, and W. Carlo: Assessment of pulmonary function. In: Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Ed. A. Fanaroff and R. Martin, C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1987.

16. Wolfson, M.R., J.D. Durrant, N. Tran, V.K. Bhutani, and T.H. Shaffer: The Effect of Age and Oxygenation on the Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential in the Immature. In: Fetal and Neona-tal Development, Ed. C.T. Jones, Perinatal Press, New York, 1988.

17. Bhutani, V.K., M.R. Wolfson, N. Tran, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid Ventilation: Postnatal Cardiopulmonary Conditioning of the Very Preterm Lamb. In: Fetal and Neonatal Development, Ed. C.T. Jones, Perinatal Press, New York, 1988.

18. Bhutani, V.K., T.H. Shaffer and A. Vidyasagar: Neonatal Pulmonary Function Testing. Physiological, Technical and Clinical Considerations. Perinatal Press, New York, 1988.

19. Wolfson, M.R., V.K. Bhutani and T.H. Shaffer: Respiratory Muscle Function. In: Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy (Second Edition). Ed. J. Tecklin, C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1989.

20. Shaffer, T.H., J. Gault, and M.R. Wolfson: Respiratory Physiology. In: Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy (Second Edition). Ed. J. Tecklin, C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1989.

21. Spitzer, A.R., TH Shaffer, and WW Fox.: Assisted Ventilation: Physiological implications and complications. In: Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. Ed. R. Polin and W. W. Fox., W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1991.

22. Shaffer, T.H., MR Wolfson, and JS Greenspan: Perfluorochemical liquid ventilation during early development. In: Fetal and Neonatal Physiological Measurements. Ed. H.N.Lafeber, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, 1991.

23. Shaffer, T.H., MR Wolfson, and JS Greenspan: Pulmonary function testing in the critically ill neonate.: In Fetal and Neonatal Physiological Measurements. Ed. H.N.Lafeber, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, 1991.

24. Greenspan, J.S., M.R. Wolfson, S.D. Rubenstein, and T.H. Shaffer: Letter to Editor J. Pediatr. 118:224, 1991.

25. Shaffer, T.H. and MR Wolfson: Principles and applications of liquid breathing: Water babies revisited. 1992 Yearbook of Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine, Mosby-Year Book, Inc., St. Louis, 1992.

26. Shaffer, T.H. and MR Wolfson: Principles and neonatal applications of liquid ventilation. In: Progres en Neonatologie. Ed.: J.P. Relier, Karger, Paris, 1992.

27. Shaffer, T.H., MR Wolfson, JS Greenspan, KS Deoras, and SD Rubenstein: Animal models and clinical studies of liquid ventilation in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. In: Surfactant in clinical practice. Ed.: G. Bevilacqua, S. Parmigiani, and B. Robertson. Harwood Academic Publishers, Chur, Switzerland, 1992.

28. Shaffer, T.H., C. Cox, and M.R. Wolfson: Wave of the future. RT/Journal for Respiratory Care Practitioners, August/September, 22-30, 1993.

29. Shaffer, T.H., JS Greenspan, and MR Wolfson: Liquid Ventilation. In: New Therapies for Neonatal Respiratory Failure: A Physiologic Approach. Ed.: Boyton, B.,Carlo, W. and Jobe, A., Cambrige Univ.Press, Cambridge, 1994.

30. Wolfson, MR and TH Shaffer: Respiratory Muscle Function. In: Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy ( Third Edition). Ed. J. Tecklin, C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1995.

31. Shaffer, TH, J Gault, and MR Wolfson: Respiratory Physiology. In: Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy (Third Edition). Ed. J. Tecklin, C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1995.

32. Shaffer, TH: Liquid Ventilation. In: Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Support in Critical Care, Ed. JB Zwischenberger and RH Bartlett , Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1995.

33. Spitzer, AR, JS Greenspan, MJ Antunes, and TH Shaffer: Special Ventilatory Techniques. In: Assisted Ventilation of the Neonate (Third Edition). Ed. J. Goldsmith and E.Karotkin, W.S. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1996.

34. Cox, C, MR Wolfson and TH Shaffer: Liquid ventilation: A comprehensive overview. Neonatal Network 15(3):31-43, 1996.

35. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Liquid Ventilation: An alternative ventilation strategy for management of neonatal respiratory distress. Eur J Pediatr 155 (Suppl. 2):530-534, 1996.

36. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Update on liquid ventilation in the newborn. Neonatal Respiratory Diseases 7(2):1-8, 1997.

37. Shaffer, TH, GW Gross, and JS Greenspan: Patients 29 and 30. In: Respiratory Care Pearls. Ed. FA Mazzagatti, LC Lebowitz, and NW Schluger. Hanley and Belfus, Inc, Philadelphia, 1997.

38. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Liquid Ventilation. In: Fetal and Neonatal Physiology (Second Edition). Ed. R. Polin and W. W. Fox., W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1997.

39. Greenspan, JS, TH Shaffer, WW Fox, and AR Spitzer: Assisted Ventilation: Physiologic Implications and Complications. In: Fetal and Neonatal Physiology Second Edition). Ed. R. Polin and W. W. Fox., W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1997.

40. Wolfson, MR and TH Shaffer: Liquid assisted ventilation: From concept to clinical application. Seminars in Neonatology 2:115-127, 1997.

41. Leach CL, Furhman BP, and T.H. Shaffer: Perflubron in infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome (To the Editor). N Eng J Med. 336(9):660, 1997.

42. Wolfson, MR, JS Greenspan, and TH Shaffer: Liquid Assisted Ventilation: An Alternative Respiratory Modality. State-of-Art Review Pediatric Pulmonol. 26:42-63, 1998.

43. Panitch, HB and TH Shaffer: Developmental airway structure and function in health and chronic lung injury. In: Chronic Lung Disease of Early Infancy, Ed: R. Bland and J.Coalson. Marcel Dekker, New York, 1999.

44. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Liquid Ventilation: Present and Immediate Future. In: Current Topics in Neonatology, Volume 3, Ed. T Hansen and N Macintosh, W.B. Saunders Co., London, 1999.

45. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Liquid Ventilation State-of-the-Art, Part I. Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology 33(3):251-252, 1999.

46. Baumgart, S and TH Shaffer: Editorial: Liquid perfluorochemical priming before surfactant therapy: This time the egg really does precede the chicken. Crit Care Med. 27(9):2053-2054, 1999.

47. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Liquid Ventilation State-of-the-Art, Part II. Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology 33(4):347, 1999.

48. Wolfson, MR and TH Shaffer: Liquid assisted ventilation: An Update. Eur. J. Pediatr. 158(13):S27–S31, 1999.

49. Shaffer, TH, MR Wolfson, and HB Panitch: Airway mechanics in health and disease. In: Pediatric Respiratory Failure Eds. B. Goldstein and J. Arnold. New Horizons, 7(3):276-286, 1999.

50. Shaffer, TH, MR Wolfson, and JS Greenspan: Liquid Ventilation: Current Status.NeoReviews, American Academy of Pediatrics, December, 1999.

51. Wolfson, MR and TH Shaffer: Liquid Ventilation In: Rudolf's Pediatrics, 21 st Edition Eds. A.M. Rudolf, C.D. Rudolf, N.J. Siegel, G. Lister, and M. Hostetter. Mc Graw-Hill, NY, 2000.

52. Shaffer, TH, JS Greenspan, and MR Wolfson: Liquid Ventilation: Trials and Tribulations. Biology of the Neonate 78(3):264-266, 2000.

53. Greenspan, JS, MR Wolfson, and Shaffer, TH: Liquid Ventilation. Seminars in Perinatology 24(6):396 405, 2000.

54. Wolfson, MR and TH Shaffer: Liquid Ventilation. News & Views, Life Sciences Publishing, No. 16:6–7, 2000.

55. Shaffer TH and MR Wolfson: Efficacy of specific perfluorocarbons for use in partial liquid ventilation (To the Editor- Authors Reply). Crit Care Med. 29(4):916-917, 2001.

56. Shaffer TH, AB Cullen, and MR Wolfson: Immature airways at risk. MD Vista Journal of Medicine, URL. March, 2001.

57. Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Liquid Ventilation. In: Neonatal Respiratory Disorders, 2nd Edition. Eds. A. Greenough and A. Milner. Arnold, London, 2002.

58. Cullen AB, Wolfson MR and Shaffer TH: The maturation of airway structure and function. American Academy of Pediatrics, NeoReviews. 3(7): July, e125-130, 2002.

59. Shaffer TH, O Rees, MR Wolfson, JS Greenspan: Liquid Ventilation. In: Neonatology. Eds. A.R Spitzer. McGraw Hill, NY, 2002.

60. Spitzer AR, Greenspan JS, Fox WW and Shaffer TH: Special Ventilatory Techniques. In: Assisted Ventilation of the Neonate (4th Edition). Eds. J. Goldsmith and E Karotkin, WS Saunders, Philadelphia, 2002.

61. Cullen AB, Wolfson, and Shaffer TH: Impact of mechanical ventilation on the developing airway. American Adademy of Pediatrics, NeoReviews. 3(7), July, e137-142, 2002.

62. Shaffer TH and Wolfson MR: If art imitates life, can laboratory models imitate clinical disease processes? Crit Care Med. Vol 30, No 10: 2399-2400, 2002.

63. Shaffer TH, Cullen AB, Wolfson MR: Clinical Assessment of Airway Function in Health and Disease. American Academy of Pediatrics, NeoReviews. 3(7), July, e131-136, 2002.

64. Greenspan JS, Shaffer TH, Fox WW and AR Spitzer: Assisted Ventilation: Physiologic Implications and Complications. In: Fetal and Neonatal Physiology, 3rd Edition. Eds: R. Polin, WW Fox, S Abman. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA. 2004.

65. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Liquid Ventilation. In: Fetal and Neonatal Physiology, 3rd Edition. Eds: R. Polin, WW Fox, S Abman. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA. 2004.

66. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Upper Airway Structure: Function, Regulation and development. In: Fetal and Neonatal Physiology, 3rd Edition. Eds: R. Polin, WW Fox, S Abman. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA. 2004.

67. Wolfson MR and Shaffer TH: Respiratory Physiology. In: Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy (4th Edition). Eds. J Tecklin, CV Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO, 2004.

68. Wolfson MR and Shaffer TH: Pulmonary applications of perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids: Ventilation and Beyond In: Eds. 2005.

69. Miller TL, Greenspan JS, and Shaffer TH: Clinical Evaluation of Neonatal Pulmonary Function in the Critically Ill Neonate. Acute Respiratory Care of the Neonate.(2nd Edition), Ed: Debbie Fraser. NICU Ink Book Publishers, Petaluma, CA, 2005.

70. Miller TL, Ellwanger DL, Weber-Hardy LA, Shaffer TH, Greenspan JS: Neonatal Pulmonary Disorders. Perinatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care (3rd Edition). Eds: M. Czervinske and B. Walsh. Elsevier, St. Louis, MO, 2006.

71. Miller TL, Shaffer TH, Greenspan JS: “Neonatal Pulmonary Disorders.” In: Perineatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care 4th Edition. Ed. Walsh BK, Czervinske MP, DiBlasi RM. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA. 2009.

72. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Liquid Ventilation. In: Fetal and Neonatal Physiology, 4th Edition. Eds: R. Polin, WW Fox, S Abman. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA., 2012..

73. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Upper Airway Structure: Function, Regulation and development. In: Fetal and Neonatal Physiology, 4th Edition. Eds: R. Polin, WW Fox, S Abman. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA., 2012.

74. Shaffer TH. The first synthetic, peptide-containing surfactant approved in the United States for the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants. Neonatology Today. 7(7): 1-7,July, 2012.

75. Greenspan JS, Miller TL, and Shaffer TH: Clinical Evaluation of Neonatal Pulmonary Function in the Critically Ill Neonate. Acute Respiratory Care of the Neonate.(3rd Edition), Ed: Debbie Fraser. NICU Inc Book Publishers, Petaluma, CA, 2012.

76. Shaffer TH, K Dysart, and M R Wolfson: Liquid Ventilation, In: Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventialtion, 1st Edition, Springer, DE. 2014.

77. Shaffer, TH , R Penn, MR Wolfson: Upper Airway Structure: Function, Regulation and development. In: Fetal and Neonatal Physiology, 5th Edition. Eds: R. A. Polin, S.H. Abman, D.H. Rowitch, W.E. Benitz, W.W. Fox. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA., Volume I, Section XII, pp. 676-685, 2016.

Peer Reviewed Articles: 1. Moskowitz, G.D., S. Dubin and T.H. Shaffer: Demand regulated control of a liquid breathing

system. J. Assoc. Adv. Med. Instr. 5:273-278, 1971.

2. Shaffer, T.H. and G.D. Moskowitz: Demand controlled liquid ventilation of the lungs. J. Appl. Physiol., 36:208-213, 1974.

3. Moskowitz, G.D., T.H. Shaffer and S. Dubin: Animal studies with a demand regulated liquid breathing system. J. Assoc. Adv. Med. Instr. 9:28-33, 1975.

4. Shaffer, T.H.: Limitation of frequency dependence as a measure of airway obstruction. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 4:317-321, 1975.

5. Shaffer, T.H. and G.D. Moskowitz: An electro-mechanical demand regulated liquid breathing system. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 5:412-417, 1975.

6. Shaffer, T.H., S.D. Rubenstein, G.D. Moskowitz and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Gaseous exchange and acid base balance in premature lambs during liquid ventilation since birth. Pediatr. Res. 10:227-231, 1976.

7. Shaffer, T.H., M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos, E. Arcinue, P. Paez and A.B. Dubois: Pulmonary mechanics in premature lambs during the first few hours of life. Respir. Physiol., 28:179-188, 1976.

8. Fox, W., L.S. Berman and T.H. Shaffer: Tracheal extubation at 2-3 cmH20. Pediatr. 59:257-261, 1977.

9. Shaffer, T.H., M.D. Altose, D.H. Lederer and N.S. Cherniak: The interaction of FRC and ventilation and occlusion pressure in conscious man. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 24:444-448, 1977.

10. Koen, P.A., G.S. Moskowitz and T.H. Shaffer: Instrumentation for measuring functional residual capacity in small animals. J. Appl. Physiol., 43(4):755-758, 1977.

11. Koen, P.A., G.D. Moskowitz and T.H. Shaffer: Error analysis for vector scope measurement of pulmonary mechanics. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 25:204-205, 1978.

12. Shaffer, T.H., J.D. Ferguson, P.A. Koen, G.D. Moskowitz and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Pulmonary lavage in preterm lambs. Pediatr. Res. 12:695-698, 1978.

13. Shaffer, T.H. and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Alterations in pulmonary function of premature lambs due to positive end-expiratory pressure. Respiration. 36:183-188, 1978.

14. Schwartz, J.G., W.W. Fox and T.H. Shaffer: A method for measuring functional residual capacity (FRC) in neonates with endotracheal tubes. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 25(3):304-307, 1978.

15. Fox, W.W., J.G. Schwartz and T.H. Shaffer: Pulmonary physiotherapy in neonates: Physiologic changes and respiratory management. J. Pediatr. 92(6):977-981, 1978.

16. Shaffer, T.H., P.A. Koen, G.D. Moskowitz, J.D. Ferguson and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Effect of positive end expiratory pressure on lung mechanics of premature lambs. Biol.Neonate. 34:1-10, 1978.

17. Fox, W.W., J.G. Schwartz and T.H.Shaffer: The effects of endotracheal tube leaks on functional residual capacity determination in the intubated neonate. Pediatr. Res. 13:60-64, 1979.

18. Fox, W.W., R.D. Eavey, and T.H. Shaffer: A closed system device for diagnosis and evaluation of neonatal pneumothoraces. Crit. Care Med. 6(6):376-377, 1979.

19. Wagaman, M.J., J.G. Shutack, A.S. Moomjian, J.G. Schwartz, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: Improved oxygenation and lung compliance with prone positioning of neonates. J. Pediatr. 94(5):787-791, 1979.

20. Shutack, J.G., M.J. Wagaman, A.S. Moomjian, R.D. Eavey, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: A new device for diagnosis and treatment of neonatal pneumothorax. Pediatr. 63(2):252-255, 1979.

21. Dinwiddie, R.R. Pitcher-Wilmot, J.G. Schwartz, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: Cardiopulmonary changes in the crying neonate. Pediatr. Res. 13:900-903, 1979.

22. Lowe, C., E.M. Sivieri, R.F. Tuma, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid Ventilation: Cardiovascular adjustments with secondary hyperlactatemia and acidosis. J. Appl. Physiol. 47(5):1051-1057, 1979.

23. Lin, T., L.P. Finnegan, D.S. Reeser, T.H. Shaffer, and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Sequential pulmonary function studies of drug dependent infants since birth. Acta Paediatrica Sinica, 20(2):73-79, 1979.

24. Shaffer, T.H. and V.K. Bhutani: Alterations in bulk modulus of trachea during development. Respiration. 39:344-350, 1980.

25. Tran, N., C. Lowe, E.M. Sivieri, and T.H. Shaffer: Sequential effects of acute meconium obstruction on pulmonary function. Pediatr. Res. 14:34-38, 1980.

26. Moomjian, A.S., J.G. Schwartz, M.J. Wagaman, J.G. Shutack, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: The effect of external expiratory resistance on lung volume and pulmonary function in the neonate. J. Pediatr. 96(5):908-911, 1980.

27. Sivieri, E.M., V.K. Bhutani, S.M. Synder, C.M. Philips, G.D. Moskowitz and T.H. Shaffer. Small Volume plethysmographic recordings using a capacitive transducer. Frontiers of Engineering in Health Care 2:339-340, 1980.

28. Bhutani, V.K. and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of positive pressure application on the bulk modulus of the developing rabbit trachea. Respiration 41:192-198, 1981.

29. Bhutani, V.K., S.D. Rubenstein, and T.H. Shaffer: Pressure-volume relationships of tracheae in fetal, newborn and adult rabbits. Respir. Physiol. 43:221-231, 1981.

30. Sivieri, E.M., G.D. Moskowitz, and T.H. Shaffer: Measurement of cardiac output by the direct fick method during liquid breathing. Undersea Biomed. Res. 8(2):75-83, 1981.

31. Moomjian, A.S., J.G. Schwartz, J.G. Shutack, A.R. Rooklin, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: The use of external expiratory resistance in intubated neonates to increase lung volume. Arch. Dis. Child. 56(11):867-871, 1981.

32. Bhutani, V.K., D. Rubenstein, and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of positive pressure on the mechanical behavior of the developing rabbit trachea. Pediatr. Res. 15:829-832, 1981.

33. Lowe, C.A. and T.H. Shaffer: Increased pulmonary vascular resistance during liquid ventilation.Undersea Biomed. Res. 8(4):229-238, 1981.

34. Fox, W.W., J.G. Schwartz, and T.H. Shaffer: Successful Extubation: Clinical and Physiologic Factors. Crit. Care Med. 9(12):823-826, 1981.

35. Shaffer, TH, M.R. Wolfson, and V.K. Bhutani: Respiratory muscle function, assessment and training. Physical Therapy. 61(8):1711-1723, 1981.

36. Shutack, J.G., W.W. Fox, T.H. Shaffer, J.G. Schwartz and A.S. Moomjian: Effect of low rate intermittent mandatory ventilation on pulmonary function of low birth weight infants. J. Pediatr. 100(5): 799-802, 1982.

37. Bhutani, V.K. and T.H. Shaffer: Time dependent tracheal deformation in fetal newborn and adult rabbits. Pediatr. Res. 16:830-833, 1982.

38. Shaffer, T.H., P.R. Douglas, C.A. Lowe and V.K. Bhutani: Liquid Ventilation: Improved gas exchange and lung compliance in preterm lambs. Pediatr. Res. 17(4):303-306, 1983.

39. Lynch, P., J.S. Wilson, T.H. Shaffer and N. Cohen: Decompression incidence in air and liquid breathing hamsters. Undersea Biomed. Res. 10(1):1-10, 1983.

40. Shaffer, T.H., N. Tran, V.K. Bhutani, and E.M. Sivieri: Cardiopulmonary function in very preterm lambs during liquid ventilation. Pediatr. Res. 17:680-684, 1983.

41. Bhutani, V.K. and T.H. Shaffer: Tracheal mechanics in preterm lambs after liquid ventilation. Biol. Neonate. 44:257-263, 1983.

42. Shaffer, T.H. C.A. Lowe, V.K. Bhutani, and P.R. Douglas: Liquid ventilation: Effects on pulmonary function in meconium-stained lambs. Pediatr. Res. 18:47-53, 1984.

43. Abbasi, S., S. Duara, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: Effects of external inspiratory resistive loading on ventilation in preterm infants. Pediatr. Res. 18:150-154, 1984.

44. Wolfson, M.R., V.K. Bhutani, T.H. Shaffer, and F.R. Bowen: The mechanics and energetics of breathing helium in infants with BPD. J. Pediatr. 104(5):752-757, 1984.

45. Bhutani, V.K. and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation: Physiologic evaluation in postmortem studies. Perinatal Res. 1(2):1-2, 1984.

46. Synder, S.M., T.H. Shaffer, and V.K. Bhutani: Tracheal volume deformation in a developmental rabbit model. Biol. Neonate 46:192-197, 1984.

47. Shaffer, T.H., D. Forman, and M.R. Wolfson: The physiological effects of breathing fluorocarbon liquids at various temperatures. Undersea Biomed. Res. 11:287-298, 1984.

48. Kaplan, G.S., V.K. Bhutani, T.H. Shaffer, N. Tran, R.J. Koslo, and M.R. Wolfson. Gallbladder mechanics in newborn piglets. Pediatr. Res. 18:1181-1184, 1984.

49. Santamore, W.P., and T.H. Shaffer: Ventricular Interdependence: Theoretical and experimental model results. Proc. Cardiovascular System Dynamics Soc. 6:33-36, 1984.

50. Shaffer, T.H., M.R. Wolfson, and D. Forman: Developmental alterations in pulmonary function of the lamb. Respiration. 47:129-137, 1985.

51. Duara, S., S. Abbasi, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: Preterm infants: Ventilation and P100 Changes with CO2 and inspiratory resistive loading. J. Appl. Physiol. 58(6):1982-87, 1985.

52. Shaffer, T.H., V.K. Bhutani, and M.R. Wolfson: Studies on developmental physiology in the preterm using liquid ventilation. In: 1984 International Symposium: The Physiological Development of the Fetus and Newborn. Ed. C. Jones and P. Nathaniels, Academic Press, London, 1985.

53. Forman, D.L., V.K. Bhutani, N. Tran, and T.H. Shaffer: A new approach to induced hypothermia. J. Surg. Res. 40:36-42, 1986.

54. Bhutani, V.K., W.G. Ritchie and T.H. Shaffer: Acquired tracheomegaly in very preterm neonates. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 140: 449-452, 1986.

55. Bhutani, V.K., R.J. Koslo and T.H. Shaffer: The Effect of Tracheal Smooth Muscle Tone on Neonatal Airway Collapsibility. Pediatr. Res. 20(6):492-495, 1986.

56. Lowe, C.A. and T.H. Shaffer: Pulmonary vascular resistance in the fluorocarbon-filled lung. J. Appl Physiol. 60(1):154-159, 1986.

57. Santamore, W.P., T.H. Shaffer and D. Hughes: A theoretical experimental model of ventricular interdependence. Basic Res. Card. 81:529-537, 1986.

58. Koslo, R.J., V.K. Bhutani, and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of Trachealis Muscle Contraction on Neonatal Airway Mechanics. Pediatr. Res. 20(12):1216-1220, 1986.

59. Bhutani, V.K., T.H. Shaffer, A.R. Spitzer, and W.W. Fox: Effect of high frequency jet ventilation on neonatal tracheal mechanics. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2(6):327-331, 1986.

60. Santamore, W.P., T.H. Shaffer and D. Hughes: A theoretical experimental model of ventricular interdependence. Archives fur Kreuslaulforsheng. 01/1986:81(5): 529-38 DOi: 10.1007/ BF 01907759.

61. Shaffer, T.H.: A brief Review: Liquid ventilation. Undersea Biomed. Res. 14(2):169-178, 1987.

62. Koen, P.A., M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of breathing pattern on CO2 elimination during liquid ventilation. Pediatr. Res. 24: 291-97, 1988.

63. Santamore, W.P., M. Constantinescu, and T.H. Shaffer: Predictive changes in ventricular interdependence. Annals. Biomed. Engr. 16:215-234, 1988.

64. Bhutani, V.K., E. Sivieri, A. Abassi, and T.H. Shaffer: Evaluation of neonatal pulmonary mechanics and energetics: A two factor least mean square analysis. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 4:150-158, 1988.

65. Penn, R.B., M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of ventilation on mechanical properties and pressure-flow relationships of immature airways. Pediatr. Res. 23:519-524, 1988.

66. Minczak, B.M., M.R. Wolfson, W.P. Santamore and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental changes in diastolic ventricular interaction. Pediatr. Res. 23(5):466-469, 1988.

67. Wolfson, M.R., N. Tran, V.K. Bhutani and T.H. Shaffer: A new experimental approach for the study of cardiopulmonary physiology during early development. J. Appl. Physiol. 65(3):1436-1443, 1988.

68. Penn, R.B., M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of tracheal smooth muscle tone on the collapsibility of extremely immature airways. J. Appl. Physiol. 65(2):863-869, 1988.

69. Penn, R.B., M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Influence of smooth muscle tone and longitudinal tension the collapsibility of immature airways. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 5:132-138, 1988.

70. Shaffer, T.H., Bhutani, V.K., Wolfson, M.R. and Tran, N.N.: In-vivo mechanical properties of the developing airway. Pediatr. Res. 25(2):143-146, 1989.

71. Hardy, K.A., Wolfson, M.R. Schidlow, D.V. and Shaffer, T.H.: The mechanics and energetics of breathing in newly diagnosed infants with cystic fibrosis: The effect of combined bronchodilator and chest physical therapy. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 6:103-108, 1989.

72. Panitch, H., J. Allen, J. Ryan, M. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: A comparison of preterm and adult airway smooth muscle mechanics. J. Appl. Physiol. 66(4)1760-1765, 1989.

73. Deoras, K.S., M.R. Wolfson, V.K. Bhutani and T.H. Shaffer: Structural changes in the trachea of preterm lambs induced by ventilation. Pediatr. Res. 26:434-437, 1989.

74. Penn, R.B., M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental differences in tracheal cartilage mechanics. Pediatr. Res. 26:429-433, 1989.

75. Lynch, P.R., L.J. Krasner, T. Vincequerra and T.H. Shaffer: The effects of perfluorocarbon (Fluosol 43) volume expansion on acute decompression sickness in the hamster. Undersea Biomed. Res. 16(4):275-281, 1989.

76. Bhutani, V.K., K. Deoras, T.H. Shaffer and E.M. Sivieri: Determination of alterations in tracheobronchial Airflow mechanics in preterm infants following mechanical ventilation. Fetal and Neonatal Physiological Measurements, 3:419-422, 1989.

77. Greenspan, J.S., M.R. Wolfson, S.D. Rubenstein, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation in preterm baby. Lancet, Nov. 4, 1095, 1989.

78. Wolfson, M.R., J.D. Durrant, N. Tran, V.K. Bhutani, and T.H. Shaffer: The brainstem auditory evoked response in the immature lamb. Electroenceph Clin. Neurophysiol., 75:242-250, 1990.

79. Allen, J.L., M.R. Wolfson, K. McDowell and T.H. Shaffer: Thoracoabdominal asynchrony in infant with airflow obstruction. Amer. Rev. Respir. Dis. 141(2):337-342, 1990.

80. Minczak, B.M., M.R. Wolfson, W.P. Santamore and T.H. Shaffer: Pericardial effects on diastolic ventricular interaction during development. Pediatr. Res., 27:547-551, 1990.

81. Wolfson, MR and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation during early development: Therapy, physiological process and application. J. Develop. Physiol., 13:1-12, 1990.

82. Greenspan, J.S., W.J. Holt, M.P. McCooch, M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Neonatal gastric intubation: Differential respiratory effects between nasogastric and orogastric tubes. Pediatr Pulmonol., 8:254-258, 1990.

83. Wolfson, M.R. and T.H. Shaffer: The differential effects of pancuronium bromide on cardiopulmonary function in the neonatal lamb. Pediatr. Pulmonol., 8:233-239, 1990.

84. Greenspan, J.S., M.R. Wolfson, S.D. Rubenstein, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation of human preterm neonates. J. Pediatr. 117:106-111, 1990.

85. Santamore, W.P., T.H. Shaffer and L. Papa: Theoretical model of ventricular interdependence: Pericardial effects. Am. J. Physiol. 259 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 28):H181-H189, 1990.

86. Deoras, K.S., M.R. Wolfson, R.L. Searls, S.R. Hilfer, J.B. Shefield, and T.H. Shaffer: Quantitation of airway morphology using computerized image analysis. Pediatr. Pulmonol., 9:109-118, 1990.

87. Breuninger, H.G., S.D. Rubenstein, M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Exchange transfusion with a red cell substitute: Effects on pulmonary function in the newborn lamb. J. Develop. Physiol. 14:283-289, 1990.

88. Deoras, K.S., M.R. Wolfson, R.L. Searles, S.R. Hilfer, and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental changes in tracheal structure. Pediatr. Res. 30:170-175, 1991.

89. Greenspan, J.S., M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Airway responsiveness to low inspired gas temperature in preterm neonates. J. Pediatr. 118:443-445, 1991.

90. Mehta, P.N., H.B. Panitch, M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Dissociation between the effects of theophylline and caffeine in premature airway smooth muscle. Pediatr. Res. 29(5):446-448, 1991.

91. Allen, J.L., J.S. Greenspan, K.S. Deoras, E.N. Keklikian, M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: The interaction between chest wall motion and lung mechanics: Comparable results in normal infants and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 11:37-43, 1991.

92. Goldsmith, L.S., J.S. Greenspan, S.D. Rubenstein, M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Immediate improvement in lung volume after exogenous surfactant: Alveolar recruitment vs. increased distension. J. Pediatr. 119: 424-428, 1991.

93. Locke, R., S. Greenspan, T.H. Shaffer, S.D. Rubenstein, and M.R. Wolfson: The effect of nasal CPAP on thoracoabdominal motion in neonates with respiratory insufficiency. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 11:259-264, 1991.

94. Deoras, K.S., M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Structural deformation of the preterm trachea with acute distention or collapse. J. Develop. Physiol. 16:1-7, 1991.

95. Shaffer, T.H. Treatment of neonatal respiratory distress with liquid ventilation. Dev. Physiopath. An Clin. 2:179-187, 1991.

96. Wolfson, M.R., J.S. Greenspan, K.S. Deoras, J.L. Allen, and T.H. Shaffer: Thoraco-abdominal motion in the preterm infant: Influence of position on the mechanical interaction between the rib cage and abdomen. J. Appl. Physiol. 72(3):1032-1038, 1992.

97. Wolfson, M.R., J.S. Greenspan, K.S. Deoras, S.D. Rubenstein, and T.H. Shaffer: Comparison of conventional gas ventilation and liquid ventilation: Clinical, physiological, and histological correlates. J. Appl. Physiol. 72(3): 1024-1031, 1992.

98. Gauthier, S., M.R. Wolfson, K.S. Deoras, and T.H. Shaffer: Structure-Function of airway generations (0-4) In the preterm lamb. Pediatr. Res. 31(2):157-162, 1992.

99. Panitch, H.B., K.S. Deoras, M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Functional changes in airway smooth muscle structure-function relationships. Pediatr. Res. 31(2): 151-156, 1992.

100. Kleklikian, E.N., M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Caffeine potentiates bronchoconstriction in the neonatal lamb. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 12: 17-22, 1992.

101. Shaffer, T.H., M.R. Wolfson, and L.C. Clark: State of art review: Liquid ventilation. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 14:102 109, 1992.

102. Greenspan JS, M.R. Wolfson, R.G. Locke, J.L. Allen, and T.H. Shaffer: Increased respiratory drive and limited adaptation to loaded breathing in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr. Res. 32(3):356 359, 1992.

103. Deoras, K.S., J.S. Greenspan, M.R. Wolfson, E.N. Keklikian, T.H. Shaffer, and J.L. Allen: Effects of inspiratory loading on chest wall motion and ventilation: Differences between preterm and full term infants. Pediatr. Res. 32(5):589 594, 1992.

104. Breuninger, H.G., S.D. Rubenstein, M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of exchange transfusion with a red blood cell substitute on neonatal hemodynamics and organ blood flow. J.Pediatr. Surg 28(3):144 150, 1993.

105. Locke R.B, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, S.D. Rubenstein, and J.S. Greenspan: Inadvertent Administration of end distending pressure during nasal cannula flow. Pediatr. 91:135 138, 1993.

106. Greenspan J.S., D.A. Davis, P. Russo, M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Pulmonary response to the operative creation of left to right cardiac shunts. Ann Thorac Surg 55:927 932, 1993.

107. Panitch, H.B., M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Epithelial modulation of preterm airway smooth muscle contraction. J. Appl. Physiol. 74(3):1437 1443, 1993.

108. Hirschl R.B, B. Grover, M. McCracken, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and R.H. Bartlett: Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production during liquid ventilation. J Pediatr Surg 28(4):513 519, 1993.

109. Richmond, P.S., M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Lung lavage with oxygenated fluorocarbon improves gas exchange and lung compliance in cats with acute lung injury. Crit Care Med. 21(5):768 774, 1993.

110. Stern R.G., M.R. Wolfson, J.F. McGuckin, J.A. Forge, and T.H. Shaffer: High resolution computed tomographic bronchiolog¬raphy using perfluorooctylbromide (PFOB): An experimental model. J. Thoracic Imag. 8(4):300 304, 1993.

111. Shaffer, T.H., M.R. Wolfson, J.S. Greenspan, and R.G. Stern: Perfluorochemical liquid as a respiratory medium. In: Biomateri¬als, Artificial Cells, and Immobilization Biotechnology. Ed.: Chang, TMS, Riess, JG, and Winslow, RM. , Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994.

112. Hirschl R.B., A. Parent, R. Tooley, M. Mc Cracken, K. John¬son, T.H. Shaffer, M.R. Wolfson, and R.H. Bartlett: Liquid venti¬lation improves gas exchange during extracorporeal life support (ECLS). In: Biomaterials, Artificial Cells, and Immobilization Biotechnology. Ed.: Chang, TMS, Riess, JG, and Winslow, RM., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994.

113. Fox, W.W., C. Cox, C. Weis, M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Neonatal endotracheal tubes (ETT): Variation in airway resistance with different perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids. In: Biomaterials, Artificial Cells, and Immobilization Biotechnology. Ed.: Chang TMS, Riess JG, and Winslow RM. Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994.

114. Wolfson, M.R., R.G. Stern, N. Kechner, K.M. Sekins, and T.H. Shaffer: Utility of a perfluorochemical liquid for pulmonary diagnostic imaging. In: Biomaterials, Artificial Cells, and Immobilization Biotechnology. Ed.: Chang, TMS, Riess, JG, and Winslow, RM., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994.

115. Valls I Soler, A, M.R., Wolfson, N. Kechner, R. Foust, and T.H. Shaffer. Brief partial liquid ventilation with perfluorocarbon: Comparison with surfactant administration to premature lambs. I. Physiological correlates. An Exp Pediatr 41:190-194, 1994.

116. Hirschl RB, SI Merz, JP Montoya, A Parent, MR Wolfson, TH Shaffer and RH Bartlett: Development of a simplified liquid ventilator. Crit Care Med. 23:157-163, 1995.

117. Hirschl RB, A Parent, R Tooley, M McCracken, K Johnson, TH Shaffer, MR Wolfson and RH Bartlett: Liquid ventilation improves pulmonary function, gas exchange, and lung injury in a model of respiratory failure. Ann. Surg. 221(1):79-88, 1995.

118. Gross, GW, JS Greenspan, WW Fox, SD Rubenstein, MR Wolfson, TH Shaffer, and The Philadelphia Liquid Ventilation Consortium. Use of liquid ventilation with perflubron during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Chest Radiographic appearances. Radiol. 194:717-720, 1995.

119. Major, D, M Cadenas, R Cloutier, L Fournier, MR Wolfson and TH Shaffer. Combined gas ventilation and perfluorochemical tracheal instillation as an alternative treatment for near-death congenital diaphragmatic hernia. J Pediatr Surg 30(8):1178-1182, 1995.

120. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Perfluorochemical liquid ventilation. J. Appl Cardiopulmon Pathophysiol 5(3):109-111, 1995.

121. Wolfson, MR, JS Greenspan and TH Shaffer. Pulmonary administration of vasoactive substances by perfluorochemical liquid ventilation in neonatal lambs. Pediatr. 97(4):449-455, 1996 .

122. Valls I Soler, A, MR, Wolfson, N Kechner, R Foust, and TH Shaffer: Comparison of natural surfactant and brief liquid ventilation rescue treament in very immature lambs; Clinical and physiological correlates. Biol Neonate 69:275-283,1996.

123. Foust, R, NN Tran, C Cox, TF Miller, JS Greenspan, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid assisted ventilation: An alternative ventilation strategy for acute meconium aspiration injury. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 21(5):316-322,1996.

124. Shaffer, TH, MR Wolfson, JS Greenspan, RE Hoffman, SL Davis, and LC Clark, Jr.: Liquid ventilation in preterm lambs: Uptake, biodistribution and elimination of perfluorodecalin liquid. Reprod, Fertil, Dev 8:408-416, 1996.

125. Greenspan, JS, DA Davis , P Russo, G Speziali, MJ Antunes, AR Spitzer, and T.H. Shaffer: Infant thoracic surgery: Procedure dependent pulmonary response. J Pediatr Surg 31(7):878-880,1996.

126. Shaffer TH and MR Wolfson: Liquid Ventilation: An alternative ventilation strategy for management of neonatal respiratory distress. Eur Jour Pediatr. 155(Suppl.2): 530-534, 1996.

127. Leach CL, JS Greenspan, SD Rubenstein, T.H. Shaffer, MR Wolfson, JC Jackson, R deLemos, BP Furhman, LiquiVent Study Group: Partial liquid ventilation with perflubron: A pilot safety and efficacy study in premature newborns with severe RDS who have failed conventional therapy and exogenous surfactant. N Eng J Med 335:761-767,1996.

128. Gabriel, JL, TF Miller, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Quantitative structure-activity relationships of perfluorinated hetro-hydrocarbons as potential respiratory media: Application to oxygen solubility, logP, viscosity, vapor pressure, and density. Amer Soc Art Intern Org (ASAIO), 42(6): 968-973,1996.

129. Greenspan, JS, WW Fox, SD Rubenstein, MR Wolfson, SS Spinner, T.H. Shaffer, and The Philadelphia Liquid Ventilation Consortium. Partial liquid ventilation in critically ill infants receiving extracorporeal life support. Pediatr. 99(1): URL, 1-5,1997.

130. Major, D,M Cadenas, R Cloutier, S Leclerc, L Fournier, MR Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Morphometrics of normal and hypoplastic lungs in preterm lambs with gas and partial liquid ventilation. Pediatr Surg Int 12:121-125, 1997.

131. Shaffer, TH and MR Wolfson: Update on liquid ventilation in the newborn. Neonatal Respiratory Diseases 7(2):1-8, 1997.

132. Kimless-Garber, D.B., M.R. Wolfson, C. Carlsson, and T.H. Shaffer: Halothane anesthesia during perfluorochemical ventilation. Respir. Med 91:255-262,1997.

133. Zelinka, MA, MR Wolfson, I Calligaro, SD Rubenstein, JS Greenspan, and T.H. Shaffer: A comparison of intratracheal and intravenous administration of gentamicin during liquid ventilation. Eur J Pediatr 156:401-404, 1997.

134. Lisby, DA, PL Ballard, WW Fox, MR Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and LW Gonzales: Enhanced distribution of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to lung parenchyma by perfluorochemical liquid. Human Gene Therapy. 8:919-928, 1997.

135. Fox, WW, CA Cox, CM Weis, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer. Comparison of Perfluorochemical (PFC) fluids used for liquid ventilation: Effect on endotracheal tube (ETT) flow resistance. Pediatr. Pulmon 23:449-456, 1997.

136. Shaffer TH, R Foust, MR Wolfson and TF Miller: Analysis of Perfluorochemical elimination from the respiratory system. J Appl Physiol. 83(3):1033-1040, 1997.

137. Milestone, BN, TF Miller, MR Wolfson, RG Stern, and T.H. Shaffer: Virtual bronchoscopy with perfluorinated hydrocarbon (PFC) enhancement. Acad Radiol 8:583-586, 1997.

138. Fox, WW, CM Weis, C Cox, C Farina, H Drott, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Pulmonary administration of gentamicin during liquid ventilation in a newborn lamb lung injury model. Pediatr. 100(5): URL, 1-5; 1997.

139. Weis, CM, MR Wolfson and TH Shaffer: Liquid -assisted ventilation: Physiology and clinical application. Ann Med 29: 509-529, 1997.

140. Stavis, RL, MR Wolfson, C Cox, NE Kechner, and TH Shaffer: Physiological, biochemical, and histological correlates associated with tidal liquid ventilation. Pediatr. Res 43(1):132 138, 1998.

141. Davidson, A, JL Heckman, RM Donner, TF Miller, TH, Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Cardiac function during partial liquid ventilation in surfactant treated lambs. Eur J Pediatr 157:138-145, 1998.

142. Wolfson, MR, NE Kechner, RF Roache, JP DeChadarevian, HE Friss, SD Rubenstein, and TH Shaffer: Perfluorochemical rescue of natural surfactant treated preterm lambs: Effect of perflubron dose and ventilatory frequency during gas ventilation. J Appl Physiol 84(2):624-640, 1998.

143. Panitch, HB, I Talmaciu, J Heckman, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Quantitative bronchoscopic assessment of airway collapsibility. Pediatr Res. 43(6):832-839, 1998.

144. Wolfson, MR, JS Greenspan, and TH Shaffer: Liquid Assisted Ventilation: An Alternative Respiratory Modality. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 26:42-63, 1998.

145. Chan L, TF Miller, J Yuxin, C Farina, A Chander, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Antenatal Triiodothyronine improves neonatal pulmonary function in preterm lambs. J Soc Gyncol Invest 5: 122–126, 1998.

146. Driska, SP, RE Laudadio, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: A method for isolating adult and neonatal airway smooth muscle cells and measuring shortening velocity. J Appl Physiol 86(1):427-435, 1999.

147. Wolfson, MR, TF Miller, G Peck and TH Shaffer: Multifactorial analysis of exchanger and liquid conservation during perfluorochemical liquid assisted ventilation. Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology 33(3):260-267, 1999.

148. Major,D, R Cloutier, L Fournier, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson. Improved pulmonary function after surgical reduction of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in lambs. J Pediatr Surg 34: 426-429, 1999.

149. Heckman, JL, J Hoffman, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Software for real-time control of a tidal liquid ventilator. Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology 33(3):268-276, 1999.

150. Miller, TF, BN Milestone, RG Stern, TH Shaffer and MR Wolfson: Effect of single versus multiple dosing on perfluorochemical distribution and elimination profile during partial liquid ventilation. Pediatr Pulmonol. 27:410-418, 1999.

151. Greenspan, JS, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Liquid ventilation: Clinical experiences. Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology 33(3): 252-259, 1999.

152. Cullen, AB, CA Cox, SJ Hipp, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Intra-tracheal delivery strategy of gentamicin with partial liquid ventilation. Respiratory Med. 93:770-778, 1999.

153. Philips, CM, C Weis, WW Fox, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: On-line techniques for perfluorochemical vapor sampling and measurement. Biomed Instrum & Technol. 33(4):348-355, 1999.

154. Stuart J, Shaffer TH, Smith C, Kendrich Z, Palone AM: Medicine & Science in Sports Exercise. 05/1999 31(Supplement) DOi : 10.1097/00.

155. Al-Rahmani, A, K Awaid, TF Miller, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Effects of partial liquid ventilation with perfluorodecalin in the juvenile rabbit lung following saline injury. Crit Care Med 28(5):1459–1464, 2000..

156. Libros R, CM Philips, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: A perfluorochemical loss/restoration(L/R) system for tidal liquid ventilation. Biomed Instrum & Technol. 34(5): 351-360, 2000.

157. Weis C, WW Fox, CM Philips, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid -Assisted ventilation; Effect of initial dosing volume on elimination from the lungs. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 30(4):324-329, 2000.

158. Foust, R, S Horowitz, JM Davis, J Tierney, C Cox, MR Wolfson, N Kechner, TF Miller, and TH Shaffer: Pulmonary antioxidant enzyme activity during early development: Effect of ventilation. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2(1): 63-68, 2001.

159. Foust R, AB Cullen, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Meconium aspiration injury: Uncoupling between the In Vivo physiologic and In Vitro Inflammatory responses. Pediatr Crit Care 2(1):93-98, 2001.

160. Greenspan JS, A B Cullen, S Touch, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Thermal stability and transition studies with a hybrid warming device for neonates J Perinatology 21: 1-7, 2001.

161. Miller, TF, BN Milestone, RG Stern, TH Shaffer and MR Wolfson: Effects of perfluorochemical (PFC) distribution and elimination dynamics on cardiopulmonary function. J Appl Physiol. 90: 839-849, 2001.

162. Jeng MJ, D Trevisanuto, C M Weis, WW Fox, AB Cullen, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: The Role of Ventilation Strategy on Perfluorochemical (PFC) Evaporation from the Lungs. J Appl Physiol. 90(4):1365-1372, 2001.

163. Cox CA, AB Cullen, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Intratracheal administration of PFC-Gentamicin suspension: A comparison to IV administration in normal and injured lungs. Pediatr Pulmonol. 32: 142-151, 2001.

164. Chappell SE, MR Wolfson and TH Shaffer: A comparison of surfactant delivery with conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) and partial liquid ventilation(PLV) in meconium aspiration injury. Respiration Med. 95: 612-617, 2001.

165. Nakstad, B, MR Wolfson, H Kalhter , R Lindemann, TH Shaffer, D Fugelseth, and T Lyberg: Perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids modulates cell-mediated inflammatory responses. Crit Care Med. 29(9):1731-1737, 2001.

166. Touch SM, Greenspan, JS, Cullen AB, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Temperature and heater responses during transition between radiant and incubator thermal environment in newborn preterm lambs, Biology of the Neonate, 80:286-294, 2001.

167. Naksad B, Wolfson MR, Aspelin T, Lindemann R, Shaffer TH, Fugelseth D, Lybert T: Perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids do not simulate endohelin-1 or nitric oxide production in human blood leukocytes. Biol Neonate 80(4): 267-272, 2001.

168. Mantell LL, Horowitz S, Foust R, Wolfson MR, Cox CA, Shaffer TH, Khullar P, Kazzaz JA, Scott W, Davis JM: Distinct patterns of apoptosis in the lung during liquid ventilation compared to gas ventilation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 283:L31-41, 2002.

169. Touch SM, Shaffer TH and JS Greenspan. "Managing Our First Breaths: A Reflection on the Past Several Decades of Neonatal Pulmonary Therapy." The NeoNatal Network. August 2002. 21(5):13–20.

170. Chen JS, Agnissey KA, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Experimental and numerical studies of heat transfer in human uteri during cryoablation." Proceedings of MECE 2002 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition, New Orleans, LA, November 17-22, 2001.

171. Chen JS, Agnissey K, Shaffer TH, Philips C, Wolfson MR: Transient Heat Transfer in Human Endometrium during Cryoablation. Proceedings of the Northeast Biomedical Engineering Conference, April, Philadelphia PA 2002.

172. Cox CA, Fox WW, Stavis RL, Weis C, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Liquid Ventilation: Gas exchange, perfluorochemical uptake and biodistribution in an acute lung injury model. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 3(3):288-296, 2002.

173. Jeng MG, Yang SS, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Perfluorochemical combinations for acute lung injury: An in vitro and in vivo study. Pediatr. Crit Care Med. 3(3)163-170, 2002.

174. Shashikant MP, Badellino MM, Cooper B, Shaffer TH, Myers SI, Wolfson MR: Physiochemical properties of perfluorochemical liquids influence ventilatory requirements, pulmonary mechanics, and microvascular permeability during partial liquid ventilation following ischemia/reperfusion injury. Soc. Crit Care Med. 30(10):2300-2305, 2002.

175. Bhutani VK and Shaffer TH: "Airway and airflow abnormalities with chronic lung disease." Tufts University School of Medicine and Floating Hospital for Children Reports on Neonatal Respiratory Diseases. Vol 12, No 4, pp 1-12, 2002.

176. Jeng MJ, Yang SS, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Perfluorochemical (PFC) combinations for acute lung injury: An in vitro and in vivo study. Pediatr Res. 53(1):81-88, 2003.

177. Naglapura S, Chen JSJ, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Convective heat transfer during endometrial cryoablation using PFC fluid. BMSE, Boston, 2003.

178. Trevisanuto D, Jeng MJ, Weis CM, Fox WW, Shaffer TH: Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) modulates perfluorochemical (PFC) evaporation from the lungs. Biol.Neonate 84(1):53-58, 2003.

179. Luo X, Chen JSJ, Wolfson MR, Philips C, Shaffer TH: PIV measurement of fluid flow inside a human uterus model for cryoablation., BMSE Boston, 2003.

180. Cox CA, Stavis RL. Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Long-term tidal liquid ventilation in premature lambs: Physiologic, biochemical and histological correlates. Biol. Neonate 84:232-242, 2003.

181. Jeng MJ, Rees O, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Partial liquid ventilation: Effect of initial dose and redosing strategy in acute lung injury. Pediatr Crit. Care Med. 3(2):163-170, 2003.

182. Sherman TI, Blackson T, Touch SM, Greenspan JS, Shaffer TH: Physiologic Effects of CPAP: Application and Monitoring. The Neonatal Network. Nov-Dec; 22(6): 7-16, 2003.

183. Sekins KM, Leeper DB, Hoffman JK, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Feasibility of lung cancer hyperthermia using breathable perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids. Part I. Convective hyperthermia. Intl. J Hyperthermia 20(3): 252-277, 2004.

184. Sekins KM, Leeper DB, Hoffman JK, Keilman G, Ziskin MC, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Feasibility of lung cancer hyperthermia using breathable perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids. Part II: Ultrasound hyperthermia. Intl. J Hyperthermia 20(3): 278-299, 2004.

185. Williams L, Shaffer TH, Greenspan JS: Inhaled Nitric Oxide Therapy in the Near-Term or Term infant with Hypoxic Respiratory Failure. Neonatal Network. Jan-Feb; 23(1): 5-13, 2004.

186. Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR, Panitch HB: Airway structure, function and development in health and disease. Pediatr. Anesth Jan; 14(1) 3-14, 2004.

187. Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Liquid ventilation: An adjunct for respiratory management. Pediatr. Anesth. Jan;14(1) 15-23, 2004.

188. Yang SS, Jeng MJ, McShane R, Chen CY, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Perfluorochemical-induced hypothermia protects lung integrity. Biol. Neonate 87(1):60-65, 2004.

189. Babu PBR, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH: Protein composition of apical surface fluid from human airway cell line Calu-3: Effect of ion transport mediators. Clinica Chimica Acta 347(1-2):81-88, 2004.

190. Miller TL, Blackson TJ, Shaffer TH, Touch SM: Tracheal Gas Insufflation (TGI) Augmented Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a Spontaneously Breathing Model of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Pediatr Pulmonol. 38(5):387-395, 2004.

191. Babu RP, Chidekel A, Utidjian L, and Shaffer TH: Title: Regulation of apical surface fluid and protein secretion in human airway epithelial cell line Calu-3. Biochem. Biophysical Res. Com. 319(4):1132-1137, 2004.

192. Babu PBR, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH: Association of interlukin-8 with inflammatory and innate immune component of bronchoalveolar lavage in children with chronic respiratory disease. Clin Chim Acta 350(1-2): 195-200, 2004.

193. Zhu, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Continuous tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) during partial liquid ventilation (PLV) in juvenile rabbits with acute lung injury. J. Appl Physiol. 96(4): 1415-1424, 2004.

194. Nawab US, SM Touch, TI Sherman, T Blackson, JS Greenspan, G Zhu, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Heliox attenuates lung inflammation and structural alterations in acute lung injury. Pediatr Pulmonol. 40(6):524-32, 2005.

195. Oliver RE, Rozycki HJ, Greenspan JS, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) as a lung protective strategy: Physiologic, histologic and biochemical markers. Ped Crit Care Med 6(1):64-69, 2005.

196. Miller TL, Palmer C, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Neonatal chest wall suspension splint: A novel and noninvasive method for support of lung volume. Pediatr Pulmonol. 38(6): 512-520, 2005.

197. Babu PB, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH: Hyperoxia-induced changes in human airway epithelial cells: The protective effect of perflubron. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 6(2):188-194, 2005.

198. Levine CR, Gewolb IH, Allen K, Welch RW, Melby JM, Pollack S, Shaffer T, Pilon AL, Davis JM: Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Intratracheal Recombinant Human Clara Cell Protein in Premature Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Pediatr Res. 58(1): 15-21, 2005.

199. Shashikant BN, Miller TL, Jeng MJ, Davis J, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Differential impact of perfluorochemical physical properties on the physiologic, histologic, and inflammatory profile in acute lung injury. Crit Care Med. 33(5):1096-1103. 2005.

200. Wolfson MR and Shaffer TH: Pulmonary applications of perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids: Ventilation and beyond. Paediatric Respiratory Rev., 6(2):117: 117-127, 2005.

201. Miller TL, Shashikant BN, Pilon A, Pierce RA, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Effects of an intratracheally delivered anti-inflammatory protein (rhCC10) on physiological and lung structural indices in a juvenile model of acute lung injury. Biol Neonate 89(3):159-170, 2005.

202. Shashikant BN, Miller TL, Melby J, Pilon A, Shaffer TH & Wolfson MR. Dose response to rhCC10-augmented surfactant therapy in a lamb model of infant respiratory distress syndrome: Physiologic, inflammatory and kinetic profiles. J Appl Physiol 99(6):2204-11, 2005.

203. Miller TL, Shashikant BN, Melby JM, Pilon AL, Shaffer TH, and Wolfson MR: Recombinant humanCC10 in acute lung injury of the rabbit: Effect of route of administration. Ped Crit Care Med 6(6):698-706, 2005.

204. Greenspan JS, Miller TL, Shaffer TH: The newborn respiratory pump: A developmental challenge with physiological limitations. Neonatal Network 24(5):15-22, 2005.

205. Miller TL, Shashikant BN, Pilon AL, Pierce RA, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR. Effects of recombinant Clara cell secretory protein (rhCC10) on inflammatory-related matrix metalloproteinase activity in a preterm lamb model of neonatal respiratory distress. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 8(1):40-6, 2006.

206. Miller TL, Zhu Y, Altman AR, Dysart K, Shaffer TH: Sequential alterations of tracheal mechanical properties in the neonatal lamb: Effect of mechanical ventilation. Pediatr Pulmonol. 42(2): 141-9, 2006.

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207. Jeng MJ, Yang SS, Hwang B, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Effects of perfluorochemical evaporative properties on oxygenation during partial liquid ventilation. Pediatri Int. 48(6):608-615, 2006.

208. Miller TL, Cox T, Blackson T, Paul D, Weiss K, Shaffer TH: Pulmonary function assessment in an infant with Barnes Syndrome: Proactive evaluation for surgical intervention. Pediatrics. 118(4):e1264-7, 2006.

209. Sherman TI, Greenspan JS, St Clair N, Touch SM, Shaffer TH: Optimizing the neonatal thermal environment. Neonatal Network. 25(4):251-60, 2006.

210. Greenspan JS, Shaffer TH: Ventilator-induced airway injury: A critical consideration during mechanical ventilation of the infant. Neonatal Network. 25(3):159-66, 2006.

211. Brunelli L, Hamilton E, Davis JM, Koo HC, Joseph A, Kazzaz JA, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Perfluorochemical liquids enhance delivery of superoxide dismutase to the lungs of juvenile rabbits. Pediatr Res. 60(1):65-70, 2006.

212. Singhaus CJ, Touch SM, Greenspan JS, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: A prototype infant incubator for heliox therapy. Biomed Instrum.& Technol. (40)2:150-163, 2006.

213. Cullen AB, Cooke PH, Driska SP, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: The impact of mechanical ventilation on immature airway smooth muscle: Functional, structural, histological and molecular correlates. Biol Neonate. 90(1):17-27. 2006.

214. Miller TL, Singhaus CK, Sherman TI, Greenspan JS, Shaffer TH: Physiologic implications of helium as a carrier gas for inhaled nitric oxide in a neonatal model of Bethanecol-induced bronchoconstriction. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 7(2):159-164, 2006.

215. Shaffer TH: History of liquid ventilation. ASAIO J. 52(4):485, 2006.

216. Constantino ML, Shaffer TH, Wauer RR, Rudiger M: The 5th European Symposium on Perfluorocarbon (PFC) Application. ASAIO J. 52(4):483-484, 2006.

217. Miller TL, Touch SM, Shaffer TH: Matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase expression profiles in tracheal aspirates do not adequately reflect tracheal or lung tissue profiles in neonatal respiratory distress: observations from an animal model. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 7(1):63-9, 2006.

218. Miller TL, Touch SM, Singhaus CJ, Ramesh Babu PB, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH: Expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2, 7 and 9 and their tissue inhibitors 1 and 2, in developing rabbit tracheae. Biol Neonate. 89(4):236-43, 2006.

219. Miller TL, Altman AR, Tsuda T, Shaffer TH: An ultrasound imaging method for in vivo tracheal bulk and Young’s moduli of elasticity. J Biomech 40(7):1615-1621, 2007.

220. Singhaus CJ, Utidjian LH, Akins RE, Touch SM, Shaffer TH: Growth and Development in a Heliox (Hx) Incubator Environment: A Long-Term Safety Study. Neonatology 921:28-25, 2007.

221. Miller TL, Shashikant BN, Pilon AL, Pierce RA, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Effects of recombinant Clara cell secretory protein (rhCC10) on inflammatory-related matrix metalloproteinase activity in a preterm lamb model of neonatal respiratory distress. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 8(1):40-46, 2007.

222. Miller TL, Zhu Y, Altman AR, Dysart K, Shaffer TH: Sequential alterations of tracheal mechanical properties in the neonatal lamb: effect of mechanical ventilation. Pediatr Pulmonol. 42(2):141-149, 2007.

223. Cullen AB, Cooke, PH, Driska SP, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Correlation of tracheal smooth muscle function with structure and protein expression during early development. Pediatr Pulmonol. 42(5):421-432, 2007.

224. Sturtz WJ, SM Touch, RG Locke, JS Greenspan, and TH Shaffer: Evaluation of Ventilation during High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 9(1):101-4, 2008.

225. Sarafidis K, Malone DJ, Zhu G, Kazzaz JA, Davis JM, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR. Perfluorochemical augmented rhSOD delivery attenuates inflammation in the immature lung. Journal Neonatal-Perinatal Med. 1: 159-168, 2008.

226. Wolfson MR, Malone, DJ, Wu J, Hoffman J, Rozenberg A, Shaffer TH, Barbut D. Intranasal Perfluorochemical Spray for Selective Brain Cooling in Sheep. NeuroCrit Care 8(3):437-47, 2008.

227. Miller TL, Zhu Y, Markwardt S, Singhaus CJ, Chidekel AC, Shaffer TH: Dissociation between the effects of oxygen and pressure on matrix metalloproteinase 2, 7, and 9 expression in human airway epithelial cells. Am J Perineatol. 25(8): 481-489, 2008.

228. Zhu Y, Miller TL, Singhaus CJ, Shaffer TH, Chidekel A: Effects of oxygen concentration and exposure time on cultured human airway epithelial cells. Pediatr Crit Care Med 9(2):234-9, 2008.

229. Wolfson MR, Funanage VL, Kirwin SM, Pilon AL, Shashikant BN, Miller TL, Shaffer TH: Recombinant human CC10 treatment increases surfactant and VEGF expression in a premature lamb model of respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Perinatol 25(10): 637-45, 2008.

230. Wolfson M, Hirschl R, Jackson J, Foley D, Gauvin F, Lamm W, Gaughan J, Shaffer TH: Multi-center Comparative Study of Conventional Mechanical (CMV to Total Liquid Ventilation (TLV) in Oleic Acid (OA) Injured Sheep. ASAIO 54(3):256-67, 2008.

231. Zhu Y, Miller TL, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH: KL4-surfactant (Lucinactant) protects human airway epithelium from hyperoxia. Pediatr. Res 64(2): 154-158, 2008.

232. Theroux MC, Olivant A, Lim D, Bernardi JP, Costarino AT, Shaffer TH, Miller TL. Low dose methylprednisolone prophylaxis to reduce inflammation during one-lung ventilation. Paediatr Anaesth. 18(9):857-64, 2008.

233. Costantino ML, Micheau P, Shaffer TH, Tredici S, Wolfson MR: Clinical Design Functions: Round Table Discussions on the Bioengineering of Liquid Ventilators. ASAIO. J. Mar 9, 2009.

234. Chong E, Dysart KC, Chidekel A, Locke RG, Shaffer TH, Miller TL: Heat shock protein 70 secretion by neonatal tracheal tissue during mechanical ventilation: association with indices of tissue function and modeling. Pediatr Res. 65(4):387-91, 2009.

235. Dysart K, Miller TL, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Research in high flow therapy: Mechanisms of action. Respir Med. 103(10):1400-05, 2009.

236. Laudadio RE, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH, Driska, SP: Shortening velocity of freshly-isolated airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells from preterm and adult sheep. Pediatr Pulmonol. 44(6):602-12, 2009.

237. DiDario AG, Whelan MA, Hwan WH, Yousef E, Cox TJ, Oldham HM, Padman R, Bunnell HT, Shaffer TH, McGeady SJ. Efficacy of Chest Physiotherapy in Pediatric Patients With Acute Asthma Exacerbations. Pediatr Asthma Allergy Immunol. 22: 69-74, 2009

238. Theroux MC, O Fisher A, Horner LM, Rodriguez ME, Costarino AT, Miller TL, Shaffer TH: Protective Ventilation to Reduce Inflammatory Injury from One Lung Ventilation Paediatr Anaesth. 26(4): 356-64, 2010.

239. Rodriguez M, Miller TL, Mackenzie WG, Ditro C, Chidekel AS, Shaffer TH: Characteristics of Impulse Oscillometry and Thoracoabdominal Motion in Children with Thoracic Cage Disorders, Pediatr. Pulmonol. 45(7): 679-86, 2010.

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240. Zhu Y, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH: Cultured Human Airway Epithelial Cells (Calu-3): A Model of Human Respiratory Function, Structure and Inflammatory Responses. Crit Care Res. And Practice ID 394578, 2010.

241. Hubert TL, Lindemann R, Wu J, Agnew C, Shaffer TH, and Wolfson MR: Prototype Hybrid Systems for Neonatal Warming: In Vitro Comparisons to Standard of Care Devices. Biomed Instrum.& Technol. 6:523-527, 2010.

242. Lindemann R, Hubert TL., Wu J, Agnew C, Shaffer TH, and Wolfson MR.: “Thermal responses of the newborn pig: In vivo comparison of two prototype hybrid systems to standard care neonatal warming.” Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, 3(4): 307-315, 2010.

243. Shaffer TH, Hubert TL, Lindemann R, Wu J, Wolfson MR: Thermal Response of Two Prototype Hybrid Systems for Neonatal Warming: In Vitro and In Vivo Comparisons. European Paediatrics 4: 29-35, 2010.

244. Shaffer TH, Hubert TL, Wu J, Lindemann R, and Wolfson MR. Thermal Responses of Two Prototype Hybrid Systems for Neonatal Warming – In Vitro and In Vivo Comparisons. US Pediatrics 4: 10-16, 2010.

245. Stool D, Emerson G, Reilly, Fox WW, Shaffer TH: Assessment and prevention of infant sleep environment hazards. Injury Prevention. 09/2010; 16(1). DOi : 101136/ p. 2010.029215.511.

246. Ramirez ER, Nessetti DK, Nessetti M, Khatamee M, Ramirez VZ, Navarro RE, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH, Ramirez HA: First Live Birth after a Successful Uterine Allo-Transplant, J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 18(2): 238-245, 2011.

247. Frizzola MA, Dysart K, Rodriguez E, Zhu Y, Rojas J, Hesek A, Stump A, Shaffer TH, Miller TL. Physiologic mechanisms of high flow nasal cannula therapy (HFT) with two degrees of leak around nasal prongs. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 46(1):67-74, 2011.

248. Chang G, Cox CA, Shaffer TH. Nasal cannula, CPAP, and high flow nasal cannula: Effect of Flow on Temperature, Humidity, Pressure and Resistance Biomed Instrum.& Technol 45(1): 69-74, 2011.

249. Oshodi B, Dysart K, Cook A, Rodriguez EM, Zhu Y, Shaffer TH, Miller TL: Airway injury resulting from repeated endotracheal intubations: Possible prevention strategies. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 12(1): e34-39, 2011.

250. Kazzazz J, Strayer MS, Wu J, Malone DJ, Koo H, Shaffer TH, Davis JM, Strayer DS, Wolfson, MR: Perfluorochemical liquid-adenovirus suspensions enhance gene delivery to the distal lung. Pulmonary Medicine. Aug 18, 2011.

251. Bhatia R, Shaffer TH, Hossain J, Olivant-Fisher A, Horner LM, Rodriguez ME, Penfil SH,and Theroux MC: Surfactant Administration Prior to One Lung Ventilation to Attenuate Injury. Pediatr Pulmonol. 46(11): 1069-78, 2011.

252. Shaffer TH and Wolfson MR. Translational Research: Matching animal models with clinical interventions. Pediatr Crit Care Med 13(3): 369-70, 2012.

253. Henrichsen T, Lindenskov PHH, Reiseter T, Shaffer TH, Fugelseth D, Lindemann R: Perfluorodecalin lavage of a long-standing, lung atelectasis in a child with spinal muscle atrophy Pediatr Pulmonol. 47(4): 415-9, 2012.

254. Minwook K, Pugarelli J, Miller TL, Wolfson MR, Dodge GR, Shaffer TH: Short-term mechanical ventilation impacts neonatal airway cartilage structure and mechanical properties Pediatr Pulmonol. 47(8): 763-70, 2012 .

255. Rodriguez ME, Bober MB, Hienle R, Zamora AD, Rogers, K, Davy L, Li Puma AB, Chidekel AS, Shaffer TH: Respiratory mechanics in an infant with perilethal hypophosphatasia treated with human recombinant enzyme replacement therapy. Ped Pulmonol. 47(9): 917-22, 2012.

253..Olivant-Fisher A, Hubert TL, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH Theroux MC: Hyperoxia during one lung ventilation: inflammatory and oxidative responses. Pediatr Pulmonol. 47(10): 979-87, 2012.

254. Shaffer TH, Alapati D. Greenspan JS, Wolfson MR: Neonatal Non-invasive ventilation: Physiologic implications. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 47 (9): 837-47, 2012.

255. Jeng MJ, Yeh TF, Dargaville PA, Shaffer TH, Wung JF. Int. J. Pediatr. May, Epub, 2012.

256. Wolfson MR, Wu J, Hubert TL, Gregory TJ, Mazela J, Shaffer TH: Lucinactant Attenuates Lung Inflammation and Preserves Lung Structure/Function in a RDS Model. Pediatr Res. 72(4): 375-82, 2012 .

257. Chidekel A, Zhu Y, Wang J, Mosko JJ, Rodriguez E, Shaffer TH: The effects of gas humidification with high flow nasal cannula on cultured human airway epithelial cells. Pulm Med. Sept 3 E pub; 380686, 2012.

258. . Babu PB, Miller TL, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH Human airway epithelial cell line Calu-3 under normoxic and hyperoxic conditions. Res. Journ. of Pharm, Biol. & Chem. Sciences July-September, 3(3), 2012.

259 . Babu PB, Miller TL, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH: Clara cell protein mediates secretion of proteins, IL-8 and IL-6 in human epithelial cell line Calu-3 exposed to hyperoxia. Journ, Chem, & Pharm, Res. 4(6): 3164-3170, 2012.

260. Tomatsu S, Mackenzie WG, Theroux MC, Mason RW, Thacker MM, Shaffer TH, Montaño AM, Rowan D, Sly W, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Barrera LA, Chinen Y, Yasuda E, Ruhnke K, Suzuki Y and Orii T: A Special Review: Current and emerging treatments and surgical interventions for Morquio A Syndrome. Research and Reports in Endocrine Disorders, 2012(2): 65-77, 2012.

261. Giordano K, Rodriguez ME, Green N, Armani M, Shaffer TH, Attia M : Pulmonary Function Tests in Pediatric ED Patients with Acute Wheezing/Asthma Exacerbation: A Pilot and Feasibility Study. Pulm Med. 2012: 380686. doi: 10.1155/2012/ 380686. Epub 2012.

262. Rodriguez E, Bullard CM, Armani MH, Miller TL, Shaffer TH: Comparison study of airway reactivity outcomes due to a pharmacological challenge test: Impulse oscillometry versus least mean squared analysis techniques. Pulm Med. 2012: 618576. Doi: 10.1155/ 2013/ 618576 Epub 2013.

263. Levenbrown Y, Penfil S, Hesek A, Zhu Y, O'neil KB, Rodriguez ME, Shaffer TH: Use of insulin to decrease septic shock induced myocardial depression in a porcine model. Inflammation 2013 July 26 [Epub Ahead of Print].

266. de Jongh BE, Locke R, Mackley A, Emberger J, Bostick D, Stefano J, Rodriguez E, Shaffer TH:Work of Breathing Indices in Infants with Respiratory Insufficiency receiving High Flow Nasal Cannula and Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. Journ. of Perinatology 2013 Sep 26, doi: 10.1038/jp.2013 [Epub ahead of print].

267. McQueen M, Rojas J, Sun SC, Tero R, Ives K, Bednarek F, Dysart K, Shaffer TH,Miller TL: Safety and long-term outcomes with high flow nasal cannula therapy in neonatology: A large retrospective cohort study J Pulm Respir Med 2014 4(6): http//dx.doi.org/10.4172/2161-105x.1000216.

268. Jassar RK, Vellanki H , Zhu Y, Hesek A, Wang J , Rodriguez ME, , Wu J , Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR : High Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) with Heliox Decreases Diaphragmatic Injury In a Newborn Porcine Lung Injury Model. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014 Feb 5.doi:10.1002/ppul.23000 [Epub ahead of print].

269. Chen JS, Pulugundia N, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH. Pharmacokinetics of gentamicin by intravenous and intratracheal administrations. Signal profecessing Medicine and Biology Symposium, IEEE, p 1- 6, 2014 10.1109/SPMB.2014.7002952

270. Zhu, Y, Alapati D, Costa J, Maduskuie VL, Fawcett PT, Shaffer TH: A Comparison of Enzyme-

Linked Immunosorbent Assay versus Multiplex Methodology Using an in Vitro Model of Pulmonary Hypertension and Inflammation. J. Biomedical Science and Engineering, 2014, 7, **-** Published Online June 2014 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/jbise doi.

271. Rodriguez E, Barthold JS, Kreiger PA, Armani MH, Wang J, Michelini KA, Wolfson MR, Boyce

R, Barone CA, Zhu Y, Waldman SA, Shaffer TH: The orl rat is more responsive to methacholine challenge than wild type, Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2014), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pupt.2014.09.001.

272. Rodriguez E, Sakowski L, Hobson GM, Armani MH, Kreiger PA, Zhu Y, Waldman SA, Shaffer TH: Plp1 gene duplication inhibits airway responsiveness and induces lung inflammation. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Feb; 30:22-31. doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2014.10.004. Epub 2014 Nov 4. 2014. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 25445931.

273. Theroux MC,Fisher AO, Rodriguez ME, Brislin RP, Kirk RW, Suken SA, McCoy M, Brown M,

Dabney K, Miller F, Mackenzie W, Shaffer TH: Prophylactic Methylprednisolone to Reduce Inflammation and Improve Outcomes from One Lung Ventilation in Children: A Clinical Trial Paediatr Anaesth. 2015 Jan 2. doi: 10.1111/pan.12601. [Epub ahead of print].

274. Rodriguez E, Giordano K, Green N, Armani M, Attia M, Shaffer TH: Utility of phase angle to

identify responders with acute airway obstruction in the emergency room. J J Pedia. 1(1):1-9, 2015.

275. Jassar RK, Vellanki H , Zhu Y, Hesek A, Wang J , Rodriguez ME, , Wu J , Shaffer TH,

Wolfson MR : High Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) with Heliox Decreases Lung Inflammation In a Newborn Porcine Lung Injury Model. Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine.

2015 Dec 18;8(4):323-31. doi: 10.3233/NPM-15915039.PMID:26757007. 276. Kubaski F, Tomatsu S, Patel P, Shimada T, Xie SL, Yasuda E, Mackenzie WG, Theroux M,

Bober MB, Oldham HM, Orii T, Shaffer TH: Non-invasive pulmonary function tests on Morquio A Patients. Mol Genet Metab. 2015 Jun 23. pii: S1096-7192(15)30026-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.06.007. [Epub ahead of print].

277. Hossain M.J., Xie L, Lang JE, Wysocki TT, Shaffer TH, Bunnell HT: Piecewise mixed effects

model to compare the weight-gain patterns before and after diagnosis of asthma in children younger than 5 years. (2015) J. Biom Biostat 6: 248. Doi: 10.4172/2155-6180.1000248.

278. Sherman TI, Moya F, Simmons P, Kurtz D, and Shaffer TH: Parents' Preferences Regarding

Administration of Animal-Derived Versus a Synthetic Medication to their Newborn Infant. Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine 9 (2016) 7–14 DOI:10.3233/NPM-16915062. PMID: 27002267

279. Yasuda E, Yasuyuki S, Shimada T, Sawamoto K, Mackenzie WG, Theroux MC, Pizarro C, Xie

L, Miller F, Rahman T, Kecskemethy HH, Nagao K, Morlet T, Shaffer TH, Chinen Y, Yabe H, Tanaka A, Shintaku H, Orii KE, Orii KO, Mason RW, Montaño AM, Fukao TK, Sai Y, Orii T, Tomatsu S: Activity of daily living for Morquio A syndrome. Mol Genet Metab 2016 Jun; 118(2): 111-22. Doi: 10.1016/ j.ymgme. 2016.04.005. Epub 2016 Apr 25. PMID: 27161890.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/SPMB.2014.7002952

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280. Rahman T, Tran NN, Jani G, Udenze-Utah CN, Siddiqui SS, Golub LM, Restrepo-Ormsby A, Shaffer TH: Design and Testing of a Novel Slot Retractor for Neonatal Frenotomy. J. Clin Engr.

41(4): 186-190, 2016. 281. Mowes AK, de Jongh BE, Cox T, Zhu Y, Shaffer TH: A Translational Cellular Model to Study

the Impact of High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV) on Human Epithelial Cell Function. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2017 Jan 1;122(1):198-205. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00400.2016. Epub

2016 Nov 10. PMID:27834669 282. Alapati D, Jassar R, Shaffer TH: Management of Oxygen in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension

of the Newborn (PPHN) - A Survey. Am J. Perinatol. 2017 Feb;34(3):276-282. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1586754. Epub 2016 Aug 4.PMID:27490772

281. Rahman T, Page R, Page C, Bonnefoy J, Cox T, Shaffer TH. pneuRIPTM: A Novel Respiratory

Inductance Plethysmography Monitor. ASME. J. Med. Devices. 2017;11(1):011010-011010-6. doi:10.1115/1.4035546. PMID: 28289485

282. Alapati D, Aghai ZH, Hossain J, Dirnberger DR, Ogino MT, Shaffer TH on behalf of the ELSO

member centers. Lung Rest during ECMO for Neonatal Respiratory Failure – Practice variations and Outcomes. Ped Crit Care Med. 2017 May 12. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000001171. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 28504997

283. Doherty C, Kubaski F, Tomatsu S, Shaffer TH: Non-invasive pulmonary function test on

Morquio patients. Journal of Rare Diseases Research & Treatment (2017) 2(2): 55-62 www.rarediseasesjournal.com. PMID: 30294725 284. Alapati D, and Shaffer TH: Skeletal Dysplasia: Respiratory Management during Infancy. Respir

Med. (2017) Oct; 131:18-26. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.07.063. Epub 2017 Aug 1. PMID: 28947027

285. Fukuda S, Enkhbataar P, Nelson C, Cox R, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH, Williams BO, Suraserang SH, Sawitree S, Florova G, Komissarov AA, Koenig K, Sarva K, Idell SI: Lack of durable protection against cotton smoke-induced smoke Induced acute lung Injury in sheep by single chain urokinase plasminogen activator or tissue plasminogenactivator. Clin Translat Med. (2018) Jun 18;7(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s40169-018-0196-3. PMID: 29916009. 286. Strang A, RyanL, Rahman T, Balasubramanian S, Hossain J, Heinle R, Shaffer TH: Measures

of respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP) in children with neuromuscular disease. Pediatric Pulmonology (2018); 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/ ppul.24134. PMID:29999598

287. Costa J, Zhu Y, Cox T, Fawcett P, Shaffer TH, Alapati D: Inflammatory Role of Pulmonary

Artery Smooth Muscle Cells Exposed to Oxidative and Biophysical Stress. Inflammation (2018) DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0772-0. 288. Bronstein JZ, Xie L, Shaffer TH, Chidekel A, Heinle R: Quantitative Analysis of

Thoracoabdominal Asynchrony in Pediatric Polysomnography. J. Clin Sleep Med. (2018) Jul 6. pii: jc-17-00164. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 29991414.

289. Surasarang SH , Shakijpijarn S, Florova G, Komissarov AA, Nelson CL, Enkhbaatar P, Fukuda S, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH, Idell SI, Williams BO: Nebulization of single-chain

tissue-type and single-chain urokinase plasminogen activator for treatment of inhalation smoke induced acute lung injury. Journ. Drug Delivery Science & Technology. Volume 46, August (2018), pp 19-27. PMID: 30123328

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290. Kenaley KM, Blackson T, Boylan L, Ciarlo J, Antunes M, Shaffer TH, Locke R: Impact of endotracheal tube biofilm and respiratory secretions on airway resistance and mechanics of breathing in a neonatal lung model. J. Appl Physiol. (1985). (2018) Jul 26. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00083.(2018). [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 30048200.

291. Balasubramaniam SL, Wang Y, Hossain, J, Rahman T, Shaffer TH: Age-related ranges of respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP) reference values for infants and children. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews. (2019), Feb;29:60-67.:doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2018.03.010. Epub 2018 May 19. Review. PMID:30799137.

292. Gayen nee’ Betal S, Murthy S, Favara M, Fong G, Chan JSY, Addya S, Shaffer TH, Greenspan

JS, Bhandari V, Rahman I, Aghai ZH: Histological Chorioamnionitis Induces Differential Gene Expression in Human Cord Blood Mononuclear Leukocytes from Term Neonates.

Nature/Scientific Reports. (2019) 9: 5862 https// doi.org/10.1038/s4598-019-42205, PMID: 30971730 PMCID:PMC 6458165.

293. Sivieri EM, Rahman T, Wu J, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: A Novel Approach for the Development

and Characterization of a Large Animal Model of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Neuro Crit Care. (In Review).

294. Wolfson MR, Wu J, Hubert TL, Gregory TJ, Mazela J, Shaffer TH: Aerosolized KL4-

Surfactant (SF) delivered during CPAP improves lung function, structure and reduces Inflammationin spontaneously breathing preterm lambs. Resp Crit Care Med. (In Review).

295. Hubert TL, Higuchi S, Wu J, Eguchi S, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Impact of rhCC10 treatment on endogenous CC10 in the surfactant treated preterm lamb. Ped Pulmonol. (In Review).

Abstracts

1. Shaffer, T.H., G.D. Moskowitz, S. Dubin and F. Ducoin: Animal studies with a demand regulated liquid breathing system. Proc. Ann. Conf. Eng. Med. Biol., 13:227, 1971.

2. Fields, R., G.D. Moskowitz and T.H. Shaffer: Modeling of pulmonary impedance using Fourier transforms. Proc. Ann. Conf. Eng. Med. Biol., 13:75, 1971.

3. Moskowitz, G.D., S. Dubin and T.H. Shaffer: Demand regulation control of liquid breathing system. J. Assoc. Adv. Med. Instr., 5: March 1971.

4. Shaffer, T.H. and G.D. Moskowitz: Results with a clinical liquid breathing system prototype. Proc. Ann. Conf. Eng. Med. Biol., 14: 259, 1972.

5. Shaffer, T.H., E. Arcinue, P. Paez, A.B. Dubois and M. Delivoria Papadopoulos: Variation of pulmonary mechanics and acid base balance in premature lambs during the first six hours of life. Fed. Proc. 34:275, 1975.

6. Shaffer, T.H. and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Sequential pulmonary function studies in premature lambs with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) during the first six hours of life. Pediatr. Res., 9:400, 1975.

7. Shouraie, Z., L.P. Finnegan, D.S. Reeser, P.D. Paez, T.H. Shaffer and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Early pulmonary function studies of infants born to opiate dependent mothers. Pediatr. Res. 9:401, 1975.

8. Shaffer, T.H., S.D. Rubenstein, G.D. Moskowitz and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Ventilation and acid base balance of premature lambs during liquid breathing. Fed. Proc., 35:366, 1976.

9. Shaffer, T.H., M.D. Altose, D.H. Lederer and N.S. Cherniack: The interaction of FRC and ventilation on occlusion pressure: Theoretical and experimental results for conscious man. Amer. Rev. Resp. Dis., 113:195, 1976.

10. Lin, T., L.P. Finnegan, D.S. Reeser,T.H. Shaffer and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Sequential pulmonary function studies on drug dependent infants since birth. Pediatr. Res:332, 1976.

11. Shaffer, T.H., S.D. Rubenstein, G.D. Moskowitz and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: The effectiveness of assisted liquid ventilation in premature lambs. Pediatr. Res. 10:467, 1976.

12. Fox, W.W., L.S. Berman and T.H. Shaffer: The efficacy of tracheal extubation at 2-3 cm H2O. Pediatr. Res., 10:460, 1976.

13. Koen, P.A., T.H. Shaffer, M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Effect of positive end expiratory pressure on lung mechanics of premature lambs. Fed. Proc., 36:494, 1976.

14. Ferguson, J.D., T.H. Shaffer and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Effect of lung lavage on pulmonary function of premature lambs. Fed. Proc., 36:373, 1977.

15. Schwartz, J.G., W.W. Fox and T.H. Shaffer: A method for evaluating functional residual capacity in intubated neonates on continuous positive airway pressure. Sixth Annual Scientific and Educational Symposium for Society of Critical Care Medicine. 135, 1977.

16. Shaffer, T.H., P.A. Koen and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Instrumentation for measuring functional residual capacity in newborn infants and small animals. Pediatr. Res. 11:578, 1977.

17. Shaffer, T.H., J. D. Ferguson and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Pulmonary function studies following bilateral lung lavage in premature lambs. Pediatr. Res. 11:578, 1977.

18. Fox, W.W., J.G. Schwartz, and T.H. Shaffer: Factors affecting lung volume in post-extubated neonates. Pediatr. Res. 11:570, 1977.

19. Fox, W.W., J.G. Schwartz, and T.H. Shaffer: Alterations in neonatal respiratory function following chest physiotherapy. Pediatr. Res. 11:570, 1977.

20. Shaffer, T.H., P.A. Koen and M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos: Alterations in lung mechanics and the work of breathing in preterm lambs on positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). Pediatr. Res. 11:579, 1977.

21. Fox, W.W., J.G. Schwartz and T.H. Shaffer: A new approach for measuring functional residual capacity (FRC) in the intubated infant. Pediatr. Res. 11:570, 1977.

22. Dinwiddie, R., W.W. Fox, J.G. Schwartz, B.D. Patel and T.H. Shaffer: Effects of crying on intrathoracic pressure and arterial blood pressure in infants recovering from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Pediatr. Res. 11:569, 1977.

23. Fox, W.W., T.H. Shaffer and J.G. Schwartz: The relationship between lung volume and mechanics in extubated neonates. Amer. Rev. Resp. Dis. 115:279, 1977.

24. Koen, P.A. and T.H. Shaffer: The effect of breathing patterns on CO2 elimination during liquid ventilation. Fed. Proc. 37:3434, 1978.

25. Tran, N., C. Lowe, E. Sivieri, and T.H. Shaffer: Pulmonary function following acute meconium insufflation. Pediatr. Res. 12:570, 1978.

26. Shaffer, T.H. and P.A. Koen: Mechanical properties of the lung measured during liquid ventilation. Amer. Rev. Resp. Dis. 117:396, 1978.

27. Moomjian, A.S. J.G. Schwartz, J.G. Shutack, M.J. Wagaman, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: The effects of alteration of expiratory resistance on pulmonary function in the newborn. Pediatr. Res. 12:566, 1977.

28. Wagaman, M.J., J.G. Shutack, A.S. Moomjian, T.H. Shaffer, J.G. Schwartz, and W.W. Fox: The effects of different body positions on pulmonary function in neonates recovering from respiratory disease. Pediatr. Res. 12:571, 1978.

29. Wagaman, M.J., J.G. Shutack, A.S. Moomjian, A.D. Eavey, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: A new device for diagnosis and evaluation of neonatal pneumothoraces. Pediatr. Res. 12:536, 1978.

30. Lowe, C., N. Tran, E. Sivieri, and T.H. Shaffer: Sequential physiological effects of acute meconium obstruction on pulmonary mechanics. Physiologist 21(4):73, 1978.

31. Lowe, C., E. Sivieri, R.F. Tuma, and T.H. Shaffer: Changes in cardiac output and regional blood flow during liquid breathing. Fed. Proc. 38:1298, 1979.

32. Bhutani, V.K., S.D. Rubenstein, and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental alterations in tracheal mechanics. Fed. Proc. 38:6416, 1979.

33. Bhutani, V.K., S.D. Rubenstein, and T.H. Shaffer: Alterations in mechanics of the developing trachea due to intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) Pediatr. Res. 13(4):531, 1979.

34. Shutack, J.G., J.G. Schwartz, A.S. Moomjian, A. Rooklin, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: The effect of mechanical sigh breaths on pulmonary function in ventilated neonates. Pediatr. Res. 13(4):541, 1979.

35. Schwartz, J.G., A.M. Trattner, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: On-line computation of dynamic lung compliance in the intensive care neonate. Pediatr. Res. 13(4):540, 1977.

36. Fox, W.W., J.G. Shutack, A.S. Moomjian, R.D. Eavey and T.H. Shaffer: Thoracentesis and temporary chest tubes in neonates using an air tight device. Presented at the Soc. Anest., Obst. & Ped., 1979.

37. Schwartz, J.G., A.M. Trattner, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: Pulmonary Mechanics: On-line computation in the intensive care neonate. Presented at the Soc. Anest. Obst. & Ped., April 1979.

38. Schwartz, J.G., A.M. Trattner, T.H. Shaffer and W.W. Fox: Low rate intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) in the neonate. Anesthesiology, September 1979. 39. Shutack, J.G., W.W. Fox, T.H. Shaffer, and J.G. Schwartz: Low rate intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) in the neonate. Anesthesiology, September, 1979.

39. Schwartz, J.G., T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: Automatic computation of pulmonary mechanics in the neonate: Clin. Res. 27(5):823, 1980.

40. Bhutani, V.K. and T.H. Shaffer: Bulk modulus of the developing rabbit trachea following intermittent positive pressure (IPP). Fed. Proc. 39:502, 1980.

41. Sivieri, E.M., G.D. Moskowitz, V.K. Bhutani, and T.H. Shaffer: A capacitive transducer for small volume plethysmographic recording. Fed. Proc. 39:968, 1980.

42. Lowe, C. and T.H. Shaffer: Changes in pulmonary vascular resistance during liquid ventilation. Fed. Proc. 39:971, 1980.

43. Bhutani, V.K. and T.H. Shaffer: Sequential changes in tracheal mechanics during application of Intermittent Positive Pressure (IPP). Amer. Rev. Res. Dis. 121(4):284, 1980.

44. Snyder, S.M., V.K. Bhutani, and T.H. Shaffer: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP): Sequential tracheal volume changes in newborn rabbits. Pediatr. Res. 14:651, 1980.

45. Bhutani, V.K. and T.H. Shaffer: Sequential alterations in tracheal elasticity during application of intermittent positive pressure (IPP). Pediatr. Res. 14:652, 1980.

46. Sivieri, E.M., V.K. Bhutani, S.M. Snyder, C.M. Philips, G.D. Moskowitz, and T.H. Shaffer: Small volume plethysmographic recordings using a capacitive transducer. IEEE BME, 27(9):545, 1980.

47. Douglas, P.R., S.M. Synder, C.A. Lowe, E.M. Sivieri, V.K. Bhutani, and T.H. Shaffer: Improved lung function in preterm lambs after liquid ventilation. Fed. Proc. 40:468, 1981.

48. Lowe, C.A., and T.H. Shaffer: Redistribution of blood flow in the fluorocarbon-filled lung. Fed. Proc. 40:487, 1981.

49. Douglas, P.R., S.M. Snyder, C.A. Lowe, E.M. Sivieri, V.K. Bhutani, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation in the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Amer. Phys. Ther. Assoc., 1981.

50. Abbasi, S., S. Duara, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: Immediate and sequential effects of inspiratory flow resistance in high risk neonates. Amer. Rev. Resp. Dis., 123(4):165, 1981.

51. Duara, S., S. Abbasi, D. Heaf, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: Effect of hypercapnia and inspiratory resistive loading on ventilation in high risk neonates. Amer. Rev. Resp. Dis., 123(4):164, 1981.

52. Tuma, R.F., T.H. Shaffer and M.P. Wiedeman: Flow characteristics of degradable spheres in the microcirculation. Microvascular Research, 21:261, 1981.

53. Abbasi, S., S. Duara, T.H. Shaffer and W.W. Fox: Effects of inspiratory loading on ventilation in infants recovering from Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), Pediatr. Res., 15:647, 1981.

54. Duara, S., S. Abbasi, D. Heaf, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: Ventilatory response to hypercapnia and inspiratory resistive loading in infants recovering from Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). Pediatr. Res., 15(4)718, 1981.

55. Shaffer, T.H., N. Tran, E.M. Sivieri and V.K. Bhutani: Cardiopulmonary function in very preterm lambs during liquid ventilation. Physiologist 24(4):40, 1981.

56. Bhutani, V.K. and T.H. Shaffer: Tracheal mechanics in preterm lambs after liquid ventilation. Physiologist 24(4):40, 1981.

57. Duara, S., S. Abbasi, W.W. Fox and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of hypercapnia and inspiratory flow-resistive load (RI) on P100 and work of breathing in preterm infants. Physiologist, 24(4):40, 1981.

58. Abbasi, S., S. Duara, W.W. Fox, and T.H. Shaffer: Respiratory work response to resistive loading in premature neonates. Physiologist, 24(4):40, 1981.

59. Koslo, R.J., V.K. Bhutani, and T.H. Shaffer: The effects of active tension on in vivo tracheal mechanics in neonatal lambs. Fed. Proc. 41:1491, 1982.

60. Wolfson, M.R., D.L. Forman, and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental alterations in pulmonary function of the lamb. Fed. Proc. 41:1491, 1982.

61. Lynch, P.R., J.S. Wilson, N. Cohen, and T.H. Shaffer: Decompression incidence in air and liquid breathing hamsters. Fed. Proc. 41:1621, 1982.

62. Shaffer, T.H., P.R. Douglas, E.M. Sivieri, C.A. Lowe, S.M. Snyder, and V.K. Bhutani: Liquid ventilation: Improved oxygenation in meconium stained lambs with persistent fetal circulation. Pediatr. Res. 16:353A, 1982.

63. Koslo, R.J.,V.K. Bhutani, and T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: The role of tracheal smooth muscle in the control of airway mechanics of the newborn lamb. Pediatr. Res. 16:351A, 1982.

64. Abbasi, S., S. Duara, T.H. Shaffer, and W.W. Fox: Spectral analysis of breathing patterns in neonates. Pediatr. Res. 16:349A, 1982.

65. Ramachadran, P., V.K. Bhutani, T.H. Shaffer and R.F. Tuma: Development of the mesenteric microvasculature in newborn rabbits. Int. J. of Microcirculation: Clinical and experimental. 1(3):312, 1982.

66. Bhutani, V.K., R.J. Koslo and T.H. Shaffer: Airway collapsibility in neonatal lambs: Role of tracheal smooth muscle and mechanics. Physiologist. 25(4):235, 1982.

67. Forman, D.L., M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation: A method of induced hypothermia. Physiologist. 25(4):340, 1982.

68. Wolfson, M.R., R.J. Koslo, J.P. Ryan and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on esophageal motility. Fed. Proc. 41(3):468, 1983.

69. Koslo, R.J. M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Tracheal mechanics: A comparative mammalian study. Fed. Proc. 42(3):616, 1983.

70. Forman, D.L., V.K. Bhutani, N. Tran, G.S. Kaplan and T.H. Shaffer: Induced hypothermia in newborn lambs using liquid fluorocarbon. Fed. Proc. 42(3):467, 1983.

71. Kaplan, G.S., V.K. Bhutani, N. Tran, R.J. Koslo, M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Mechanical properties of the newborn gallbladder. Pediatr. Res. 17:320, 1983.

72. Koslo, R.J., V.K. Bhutani and T.H. Shaffer: Tracheal stress relaxation in the neonatal lamb: The modulating effect of smooth muscle. Pediatr. Res. 17:380, 1983.

73. Wolfson, M.R., V.K. Bhutani, F.W. Bowen and T.H. Shaffer: HeO2 breathing: Reduction in respiratory work in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Pediatr. Res. 17:394, 1983.

74. Forman, D., V.K. Bhutani, N. Tran, G. Kaplan and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation system and technique for inducing hypothermia in the newborn. Pediatr. Res. 17:312, 1983.

75. Bhutani, V.K., T.H. Shaffer, W.W. Ritchie and F.W. Bowen: Acquired tracheomegaly in very preterm neonates. Pediatr. Res. 17:1371, 1983.

76. Forman, D., Bhutani, V.K., S.R. Hilfer and T.H. Shaffer: A fine structure study of the liquid-ventilated newborn rabbit. Fed. Proc. 43(3):647, 1984.

77. Wolfson, M.R., V.K. Bhutani, N. Tran, S.D. Rubenstein and T.H. Shaffer: An extrauterine lamb model for the study of early development. Fed. Proc. 43(3):332, 1984.

78. Duara, S., S. Abbasi, T.H. Shaffer and W.W. Fox: Hering-Breuer Reflex: Variable response in infants. Pediatr. Res. 18(4):350, 1984.

79. Bhutani, V.K., T.H. Shaffer, A. Spitzer and W.W. Fox: Effect of high frequency jet ventilation on neonatal tracheal mechanics. Pediatr. Res. 18(4):386, 1984.

80. Sivieri, E.M., M.R. Wolfson, V.K. Bhutani, W.W. Fox, T.H. Shaffer and S. Abbasi: Effect of theophylline on ventilatory parameters during inspiratory loading. Pediatr. Res. 18(4):405, 1984.

81. Abbasi, S., E.M. Sivieri, V.K. Bhutani, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer and W.W. Fox: Effect of theophylline on ventilatory responses on growing preterm neonates to combined inspiratory and expiratory loads. Pediatr. Res. 18(4):385, 1984.

82. Wolfson, M.R., V.K. Bhutani, F.W. Bowen and T.H. Shaffer: The value of heliox breathing in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). J. Am. Physical Ther. Assoc., June 1984.

83. Bhutani, V.K., M.R. Wolfson, N. Tran, S.D. Rubenstein and T.H. Shaffer: An experimental preterm model of extrauterine development. Pediatr. Res. 18(4):312, 1984.

84. Sivieri, E.M., V.K. Bhutani, S. Abbasi and T.H. Shaffer: A variable linear airflow resistor for respiratory loading. Physiologist 27(4):276, 1984.

85. Santamore, W.P. and T.H. Shaffer: Ventricular interdependence: Theoretical and experimental model results. Cardiovascular System Dynamics Society VI th International Conference, 1984.

86. Shaffer, T.H., V.K. Bhutani and M.R. Wolfson: Studies on developmental physiology in the preterm using liquid ventilation. 1984 International Symposium: Physiological Development of the fetus and newborn, 5B, 1984.

87. Wolfson, M.R., J.D. Durrant, T.H. Shaffer, N. Tran, V.K. Bhutani and D. Rubenstein. ABR and cardiopulmonary measurements in fetal lambs. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngology, 1984.

88. Wolfson, M.R., W.K. Bhutani, D. Rubenstein and T.H. Shaffer: AM extrauterine lamb model: A new approach for the study of perinatal cardiopulmonary physiology of the preterm lamb. Circu-lation 70: 4226, 1984.

89. Shaffer, T.H., M.R. Wolfson, V.K. Bhutani, S.D. Rubenstein and N. Tran. In-vivo evaluation of interfacial surface tension on developmental lung mechanics. Fed. Proc. 44(3):461, 1985.

90. Abbasi, S., E.M. Sivieri, V.K. Bhutani, M. McGowan and T.H. Shaffer: The effect of theophylline on load compensation in preterm infants. Fed. Proc. 44(3):460, 1985.

91. Wolfson, M.R., N. Tran, V.K. Bhutani, S.D. Rubenstein and T.H. Shaffer: Age-related changes in cardiovascular and metabolic function. Fed. Proc. 44(3):466, 1985.

92. Abbasi, S., E.M. Sivieri, T.H. Shaffer and W.W. Fox: Increased ventilatory drive and improved load compensation with caffeine therapy. Pediatr. Res 19(4):398, 1985.

93. Wolfson, M.R., N. Tran, V.K. Bhutani, D. Rubenstein and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental alterations in cardiovascular function during early development. Pediatr. Res. 19(4):136, 1985.

94. Wolfson, M.R., N. Tran, V.K. Bhutani, D. Rubenstein, and T.H. Shaffer: Age-related effects of surface tension on lung function during early development. Pediatr. Res. 19(4):421, 1985.

95. Wolfson, M.R., J.D. Durrant, T.H. Shaffer, N. Tran and D. Rubenstein: The relationship between ABR and cardiopulmonary function in preterm lambs. Pediatr. Res. 19(4):421, 1985.

96. Dowd, K.M., W.P. Santamore and T.H. Shaffer: A theoretical and experimental model of ventricular interdependence. Fed. Proc. 44(3):1016, 1985.

97. Wolfson, M.R., V.K. Bhutani, F.W. Bowen, Jr. and T.H. Shaffer: Reduction of respiratory work during helium-oxygen breathing in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Eur. Soc. Ped. Res. October, 1985.

98. Shaffer, T.H., M.R. Wolfson and V.K. Bhutani: The effects of surface tension on lung function during development. Eur. Soc. Ped. Res. October, 1985.

99. Bhutani, V.K., T.H. Shaffer and S. Abbasi: Tracheal barotrauma in very preterm neonates. Eur. Soc. Ped. Res. October, 1985.

100. Minczak, B.M., M.R. Wolfson, W.P. Santamore and T.H. Shaffer: Ventricular interdependence in neonatal lambs. Fed. Proc. 45(4):880, 1986.

101. Shaffer, T.H., N. Tran, V.K. Bhutani, M.R. Wolfson and B.M.Minczak: Functional characteristics of immature airways. Fed. Proc. 45(3):319, 1986.

102. Wolfson, M.R., B.B. Minczak, R.F. Tuma and T.H. Shaffer: Cardiovascular function in the preterm lamb. Fed. Proc. 45(5):880, 1986.

103. Bhutani, V.K., N. Tran, B.M. Minczak, M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: In-vivo evaluation of airway mechanics in preterm lambs. Pediatr. Res. 20(4):423A, 1986.

104. Wolfson, M.R., B.M. Minczak, D. Begany, T.H. Shaffer: Functional maturation of the cardiovascular system in preterm and neonatal lambs. Pediatr. Res. 20(4):373A, 1986.

105. Hardy, K.A., M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer and D.V. Schidlow: Pulmonary mechanics and energetics in infants with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr. Res. 20(4):472A, 1986.

106. Hardy, K.A., M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer and D.V. Schidlow: Pulmonary mechanics and energetics in infants with cystic fibrosis. Cystic Fibrosis Club, 27th Annual Meeting. 27:31, 1986.

107. Hardy, K.A., M.R. Wolfson, M. Titinsky, R. Motley, T.H. Shaffer and D.V. Schidlow: The effect of combined therapy of aerosolized bronchodilator and chest physiotherapy on newly diagnosed infants with cystic fibrosis. Cystic Fibrosis Club, 27th Annual Meeting. 27:33, 1986.

108. Abbasi, S., M. McGowan, V.K. Bhutani and T.H. Shaffer: The effect of position on lung mechanics in preterm neonates. Pediatr. Res. 20(4): 472A, 1986.

109. Santamore, W.P., T.H. Shaffer, L. Papa and W.C. Little: Theoretical model of ventricular interdependence: Pericardial effects. Proc. Amer. College Card., 1987.

110. Bhutani, V.K., E.M. Sivieri, S. Abbasi, and T.H. Shaffer: Bedside pulmonary function evaluation in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Ped. Crit. Care Sym., Ped. Res., 1987.

111. Wolfson, M.R., N. Tran, B. Minczak, M. Alsberge and T.H. Shaffer: Cardiovascular responses of the immature preterm lamb to alterations in arterial oxygen. Fed. Proc., 46(4):1118, 1987.

112. Penn, R.B., M.S. Alsberge, M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Effects of compressive pressures and smooth muscle tone on airway resistance in preterm lamb tracheas. Fed. Proc., 46(3):515, 1987.

113. Heinel, L.A., J.J. Volin, T.H. Shaffer and R.F. Tuma: Developmental changes in morphology of the neonatal rabbit mesentery. Fed. Proc., 46(4):1529, 1987.

114. Alsberge, M.S., M.R. Wolfson, V.K. Bhutani, B.M. Minczak and T.H. Shaffer: Ventilation induced changes in functional characteristics of immature airways. Fed. Proc., 46(3):513, 1987.

115. Panitch, H., J. Allen, J. Ryan, M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental aspects of tracheal smooth muscle force generation. Fed. Proc., 46(3):661, 1987.

116. Minczak, B.M., M.R. Wolfson, W.P. Santamore and T.H. Shaffer: Ventricular Interdependence: Theoretical and experimental results in neonatal lambs. Fed. Proc., 46(4):118, 1987.

117. Lynch, P.R., T. Vincequerra, L.J. Krasner and T.H. Shaffer: Evaluation of therapeutic regimens for treating acute decompression sickness in hamsters. Fed.Proc. 46(3):795, 1987.

118. Sivieri, E.M., V.K. Bhutani, B.M. Minczak, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer: Computerized analysis of neonatal pulmonary mechanics. Computers in Med. Vienna, Austria, 1987.

119. Bhutani, V.K., M.R. Wolfson, N. Tran and T.H. Shaffer: Postnatal cardiopulmonary stability achieved in preterm lambs. Pediatr. Res. 21(4):44A, 1987.

120. Wolfson, M.R., N. Tran, M. Alsberge, R.F. Tuma and T.H. Shaffer: Systemic and local cardiovascular responses to oxygenation in the immature preterm lamb. Pediatr. Res. 21(4):390A, 1987.

121. Penn, R.B., M.S. Alsberge, M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of compressive forces on airway resistance in preterm lamb tracheas following ventilation. Pediatr. Res. 21(4):462A, 1987.

122. Bhutani, V.K., T.H. Shaffer, S. Abbasi and E.M. Sivieri: Effects of theophylline on preterm (< 32 wks.) pulmonary mechanics. Pediatr. Res. 21(4):440A, 1987.

123. Bhutani, V.K., E.M. Sivieri, B.M. Minczak, S. Abbasi, M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Bedside computerized analysis of neonatal pulmonary mechanics using least mean square analysis. Pediatr. Res. 21(4):443A, 1987.

124. Panitch, H., J. Allen, J. Ryan, M.R. Wolfson, D. Schidlow and T.H. Shaffer: Length-tension relationships and force generation in ventilated and unventilated tracheal muscle from preterm lambs. Amer. Rev. Respir. Dis. 135(4):A122, 1987.

125. Bhutani, V.K., T.H. Shaffer, S. Abassi and E.M. Sivieri: Neonatal pulmonary function profile in infants with BPD determined by a bedside computerized device. Amer. Rev. Respir. Dis. 135(4):A120, 1987.

126. Wolfson, M.R., J.D. Durrant, N. Tran and T.H. Shaffer: The effect of age and oxygenation on the brainstem auditory evoked response in the immature lamb. International Symposium on Fetal and Neonatal Development. Oxford, U.K.,1987.

127. Bhutani, V.K., M.R. Wolfson, N. Tran and T.H. Shaffer: Interim postnatal liquid ventilation: Means to achieve cardiopulmonary stability in gas ventilated very preterm lambs. International Symposium on Fetal and Neonatal Development, Oxford, U.K., 1987.

128. Allen, J., K. McDowell, M.R. Wolfson, R. Motley and T.H. Shaffer: Thoraco-Abdominal asynchrony in infants with airflow obstruction. Amer. Rev. Respir. Dis 137A:379, 1988.

129. Penn, R.B., B.H. Nuss, M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental comparison of the role of tracheal cartilage. Fed. Proc. 2:A1274, 1988.

130. Panitch, H. J. Allen, J. Ryan, M. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Development of contractility and sensitivity of preterm airway smooth muscle. Fed. Proc. 2:A1697, 1988.

131. Minczak, B.M., M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Pericardial effects on ventricular interaction in preterm neonatal lambs. Fed. Proc. 2:A1316, 1988.

132. Wolfson, M.R., K.S. Deoras, R.F. Tuma and T.H. Shaffer: Preterm lambs: Cardiovascular responses to decreases in PaO2. Fed. Proc. 2:A1315, 1988.

133. Deoras, K.S., V.K. Bhutani, M.R. Wolfson, J.B. Sheffield, S.R. Hilfer and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental structure-function relationships in the trachea of preterm and newborn lambs. Fed. Proc. 2:A1274, 1988.

134. Deoras, K.S., M. Wolfson, J. B. Sheffield, R. Hilfer, V.K. Bhutani and T.H. Shaffer: Ventilation induced changes in the structural characteristics of immature airways. Pediatr. Res. 23:504A, 1988.

135. Bhutani, V.K., K. Deoras and T.H. Shaffer: Alterations in tracheobronchial airflow mechanics in preterm neonates subsequent to mechanical ventilation. Pediatr. Res. 23:501A, 1988.

136. Penn, R.B., M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of longitudinal tension and smooth muscle tone on the collapsibility of preterm lamb tracheae. Pediatr. Res. 23:519A, 1988.

137. Minczak, B.M., M.R. Wolfson, W.P. Santamore and T.H. Shaffer: Pericardial effects on ventricular interaction in preterm and newborn lambs. Pediatr. Res. 23:436A, 1988.

138. Breuninger, H.G., D. Rubenstein, M.R. Wolfson, M. Alsberge and T.H. Shaffer: Effect of exchange transfusion with a red cell substitute on pulmonary function in the newborn lamb. Pediatr. Res. 23:499A, 1988.

139. DiGiorgio, M.L., T.H. Shaffer, C. Philips, B.M. Minczak and P.R. Lynch: The modulation of respiratory responses to acute decompression sickness following perfluorochemical emulsion therapy. Fed Proc. 2:A1489, 1988.

140. Santamore, W.P., T.H. Shaffer and L. Papa: Theoretical model of ventricular interdependence: Pericardial effects. Fed. Proc. 2:A1495, 1988.

141. Breuninger, H.G., D. Rubenstein, M.R. Wolfson, R.F. Roache and T.H.Shaffer: Hemodynamic stability following exchange transfusion with an erythrocyte substitute in the newborn lamb. Pediatr. Res. 23:432A, 1988.

142. Wolfson, M.R., N.Tran, R. Tuma and T.H. Shaffer: Oxygen-induced changes in blood flow in the immature lamb. Pediatr. Res. 23:430A, 1988.

143. Lowe, C.A., T.H. Shaffer and A.R. Spitzer: Mechanical ventilation with Heliox decreases airway resistance. Pediatr. Res. 23: 515A, 1988.

144. Wolfson, M.R., R. Roache and T.H. Shaffer: Regional effects of muscarinic stimulation and blockade on airway tone in the newborn lamb. Fed. Proc. 3(3):A545, 1989.

145. Deoras, K.S., M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental comparison of the structural characteristics of tracheal smooth muscle. Fed. Proc. 3(3):A545, 1989.

146. Panitch, H.B., M.R. Wolfson, J.P. Ryan and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental aspects of airways epithelial derived relaxant factor (EpDRF). Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 139(4):A616, 1989.

147. Mehta, P.B., H. Panitch, M. Wolfson and T. Shaffer: Dissociation between the effects of theophylline and caffeine on premature airway smooth muscle. Pediatr. Res. 25(4):319A, 1989.

148. Deoras, K.S., M.R. Wolfson, V.K. Bhutani and T.H. Shaffer: Structural deformation of tracheal wall components with acute distention or collapse. Pediatr. Res. 25(4):307A, 1989.

149. Keklikian, E., K. Deoras, M.R. Wolfson, J. Greenspan, T.H. Shaffer and J. Allen: A new method for calibration of the respiratory inductive plethysmography in infants. Am. Rev. Resp. Dis 139(4):A569, 1989.

150. Greenspan, J., M.R. Wolfson, J.S. Deoras, S.D. Rubenstein and T.H. Shaffer: Minimal surface tension: Clinical, physiologic, and histologic correlations in extremely premature lambs. Pediatr. Res. 25(4):311A, 1989.

151. Wolfson, M.R. and T.H. Shaffer: Differential effects of pre-and post-junctional muscarinic receptors in the lung of the newborn lamb. Pediatr. Res. 25(4):332A, 1989.

152. Greenspan, J.S., W.J. Holt, M.P. McCoach, M.R., Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: The effect of gastric tube placement on pulmonary status. Pediatr. Res. 25(4):217A, 1989.

153. Allen, J.A., J.S. Greenspan, K. Deoras, E. Keklikian, M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Thoraco-abdominal asynchrony (TAA) in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr. Res. 25(4):363A, 1989.

154. Deoras, K., E. Keklikian, J. Greenspan, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer and J. Allen: Assessment of asynchronous rib cage and abdominal motion in infants. Am. Rev. Resp. Dis 139(4):A341, 1989.

155. Sekins, K.M., G.W. Keilman, T.L. Anderson and T.H. Shaffer: Intra-cavity and external ultrasound hyperthermia of the lung using PFC liquids. Rad. Res. Soc., (3):90, 1989.

156. Deoras, K.S., M.R. Wolfson, J.S. Greenspan and T.H. Shaffer: Morphometric analysis of the ventilated immature lung: Effect of minimizing surface tension. Physiologist, 32(4):228, 1989.

157. Gauthier, S., M.R. Wolfson, K. Deoras and T.H. Shaffer: Force development and morphometry of airway generations (0-4) in preterm lambs. FASEB Journal 4(4):A1186, 1990.

158. Deoras, K.S., J.S. Greenspan, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer and J. Allen: Thoraco-abdominal motion in infants: Response to acute inspiratory loading. Am. Rev. Resp. Dis. 141:A809, 1990.

159. Wolfson, M.R. and T.H. Shaffer: Pulmonary administration of drugs (PAD): A new approach for drug delivery using liquid ventilation. FASEB Journal, 4(4):A1105, 1990.

160. Harasawa, H, L. Lee, T.H. Shaffer, and W.P. Santamore: Ventricular function during regional lung lavage. FASEB Journal, 4(4):A432, 1990.

161. Sekins, K.M., T.H. Shaffer and M.R. Wolfson: Convective hyperthermia of the lung. Rad. Res. Soc. April, 1990.

162. Wolfson, M.R., J.S. Greenspan, K.S. Deoras, J. Allen and T.H. Shaffer: Prone positioning improves thoraco-abdominal synchrony in preterm infants. Am. Rev. Res. Dis., 141:A909, 1990.

163. Richmond, P.S., M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer and S.G. Kelson: Lung lavage with oxygenated fluorocarbon improves gas exchange and lung compliance in cats with acute lung injury. Am. Rev. Res. Dis. 141:A773, 1990.

164. Sekins, K.M., G.W. Keilman, T.H. Shaffer, M.R. Wolfson and M.C. Ziskin: Acoustic and physical properties of PFC liquid pertinent to ultrasound lung hyperthermia. Rad. Res. Soc. April, 1990.

165. Keklikian, E., M.R. Wolfson, R. Roache and T.H. Shaffer: In-vivo analysis of the effects of caffeine on airway reactivity in neonatal lamb. Pediatr. Res. 27:357A, 1990.

166. Wolfson, M.R., L.C. Clark, Jr., R.E. Hoffman, S.L. Davis, G.S. Greenspan, S.D. Rubenstein and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation of neonates: Uptake, distribution, and elimination of liquid. Pediatr. Res. 27:37A, 1990.

167. Russell, B.K., O. Blondheim, M. Bassiouny, G.J. Peckham and T.H. Shaffer: Airway tone and reactivity in the newborn lamb: The effect of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) Pediatr. Res. 27:A, 1990.

168. Greenspan, J.S., M.R. Wolfson, S.D. Rubenstein and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation of human preterm neonates. Pediatr. Res. 27:206A, 1990.

169. Greenspan, J.S., M.R. Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Temperature/Humidity induced airway reactivity/in intubated very low birth weight neonates. Pediatr. Res. 27:206A, 1990.

170. Deoras, K.S., D. Coppola, M.R. Wolfson, J.S. Greenspan, S.D. Rubenstein and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation of neonates: Tissue histology and morphometry. Pediatr. Res. 27:29A, 1990.

171. Wolfson, M.R., J.S. Greenspan, J.L. Allen, K.S. Deoras and T.H. Shaffer: Thoraco-abdominal motion (TAM) response to resistive unloading: Helium-Oxygen (He-O2) breathing. Pediatr. Res. 27:322A, 1990.

172. Wolfson, M.R., J.S. Greenspan, and T.H. Shaffer: Delivery of biologically active agent using perfluorocarbon (PFC) liquid ventilation. 4th International Conference on Fetal and Neonatal Physiological Measurements. Rotterdam, The Netherlands. May 1991.

173. Shaffer, T.H., M.R. Wolfson, and J.S. Greenspan: Perfluorochemical liquid ventilation during early development. 4th International Conference on Fetal and Neonatal Physiological Measure-ments. Rotterdam, The Netherlands. May, 1991.

174. Shaffer, T.H., M.R. Wolfson, and J.S. Greenspan: Pulmonary function testing in the critically ill neonate. 4th International Conference on Fetal and Neonatal Physiological Measurements. Rotterdam, The Netherlands. May, 1991.

175. Panitch, H.P., K.S. Deoras, M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental alterations in airway smooth muscle (ASM) structure, responsiveness, and contractility. Pediatr. Res. 29(4)374A, 1991.

176. Wolfson, M.R., J.S. Greenspan, and T.H. Shaffer: Pulmonary administration of vasoactive drugs (PAD) by perfluorocarbon liquid ventilation. Pediatr. Res. 29(4)336A, 1991.

177. Goldsmith, L.S., J.S. Greenspan, S.D. Rubenstein, M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Immediate increase in lung volume after exogenous surfactant: Recruitment vs overdistension. Pediatr. Res. 29(4): 216A, 1991

178. Greenspan, J.S., M.R. Wolfson, R.G. Locke, T.H. Shaffer: Nonisotrophic pulmonary function alterations during early development of the healthy neonate. Pediatr. Res. 29(4):319A, 1991.

179. Greenspan, J.S., M.R. Wolfson, R.G. Locke, K.S. Deoras, J.L. Allen, T.H. Shaffer: Increased respiratory drive and decreased reserve in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr. Res. 29(4) 370A, 1991.

180. Locke, R.G., J.S. Greenspan, T.H. Shaffer, S.D. Rubenstein, and M.R. Wolfson: The effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on thoraco-abdominal motion (TAM) in neonates with respiratory insufficiency. Pediatr. Res. 29(4):323A, 1991.

181. Locke, R.G., M.R. Wolfson, S.D. Rubenstein, T.H. Shaffer, J.S. Greenspan: Inadvertent administration of end-distending pressure during nasal cannula flow. Pediatr. Res. 29(4):223A, 1991.

182. Zelinka, M.A., M.R. Wolfson, I. Calligaro, S.D. Rubenstein, J.S. Greenspan, and T.H. Shaffer: Direct pulmonary administration of gentamicin during liquid ventilation of the lamb: Comparison of lung and serum levels to IV administration. Pediatr. Res.29(4):290A, 1991.

183. Gauthier, S.P., M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Regional airway responsiveness to ACh and KCl in preterm lambs. Pediatr. Res. 29(4): 370A, 1991.

184. Shaffer, T.H. Principles and Applications of Liquid Ventilation. "Hot Topics In Neonatology", Ross Conference, Washington, D.C., December, 1991.

185. Greenspan, J.S., M.J. Antunes, J.A. Cullen, D. Davis, A.R. Spitzer, M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Effects of technique on determination of functional residual capacity in infants receiving extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). 8th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium, Breckenridge, Colorado, 1992.

186. Antunes, M.J., J.A.Cullen, H.J. Desai, J.S. Greenspan, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and A.R. Spitzer: Decreased functional residual capacity predates requirement for ECMO and lung opacification during ECMO. 8th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium, Breckenridge, Colorado, 1992.

187. Antunes, M.J., J.A. Cullen, J.S. Greenspan, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and A.R. Spitzer: Functional residual capacity increases prior to successful trial off ECMO. 8th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium, Breckenridge, Colorado, 1992

188. Sekins, K.M., T.H. Shaffer, M.R. Wolfson, M.C. Ziskin, and D.B. Leeper: Feasibility of lung cancer treatment using breathable liquids: Supportive ultrasound and convective heating and pulmonary drug delivery preclinical data. Inter. Conf. Hyperthermic Oncol., Tucson, Arizona, 1992.

189. Hirschl, R.B., S. Merz, P. Montoya, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and R. Bartlett: A simplified liquid ventilator. 38th Annual Mtg. ASAIO, Nashville, Tennessee, 1992.

190. Hirschl, R.B., S. Merz, P. Montoya, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and R. Bartlett: Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production during liquid ventilation. Pediatr Surg. 1992.

191. Antunes, M.J., J.A.Cullen, J.S. Greenspan, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and A.R. Spitzer: Decreased functional residual capacity is associated with failure of HFJV/CMV support in infants with severe respiratory failure. Snowbird High Frequency Conference, Snowbird, Utah, 1992.

192. Greenspan, J.S., D.A. Davis, P. Russo, M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Pulmonary response to the operative creation of left to right cardiac shunts. Pediatr. Res. 31(4): 30A, 1992.

193. Gauthier, S.P., M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Regional Differences in airway responses to Theophylline in preterm lambs. Pediatr. Res. 31(4): 358A, 1992.

194. Wolfson, M.R., J.S. Greenspan, and T.H. Shaffer: Pulmonary administration of Priscoline (Pris) by perfluorochemical liquid ventilation: Reversal of induced-pulmonary hypertension and hypoxemia. Pediatr. Res. 31(4): 229A, 1992.

195. Shaffer, T.H., M.R. Wolfson, J.S. Greenspan, R.E. Hoffman, S. L. Davis, and L. C. Clark, Jr.: Liquid ventilation: uptake, biodistribution and elimination of perfluorochemical (PFC) liquid. Pediatr. Res. 31(4): 223A, 1992.

196. Antunes, M.J., J.A.Cullen, H.J. Desai, J.S. Greenspan, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and A.R. Spitzer: Decreased functional residual capacity predates requirement for ECMO and lung opacification during ECMO. Pediatr. Res. 31(4): 192A, 1992.

197. Antunes, M.J., J.A.Cullen, J.S. Greenspan, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and A.R. Spitzer: Functional residual capacity increases prior to successful trial off ECMO. Pediatr. Res.31(4): 299A, 1992.

198. Vals I Soler, A, M.R. Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Enhanced pulmonary distribution (PD) of exogenous surfactant(SF) with the use of liquid ventilation(LV) in experimental RDS. Biol. Neonate. 62: 179, 1992.

199. Hirschl, RB, S. Merz, P. Montoya, K. Hultquist, M.R. Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and R.H. Bartlett: Adaptation of an ECLS circuit as a simplified liquid ventilator, 8th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium, Breckenridge, Colorado, 1992.

200. Shaffer, T.H., MR Wolfson, JS Greenspan, and RG Stern: Perfluorochemical liquid as a respiratory medium. Vth International Symposium on Blood Substitutes (ISBS), San Diego, CA, 1993.

201. Hirschl R, A Parent, R Tooley,M Mc Cracken, K Johnson, TH Shaffer, MR Wolfson, and R Bartlett: Liquid ventilation improves gas exchange during extracorporeal life support (ECLS). Vth International Symposium on Blood Substitutes (ISBS), San Diego, CA, 1993.

202. Fox, WW, C Cox, C Weiss, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Neonatal endotracheal tubes (ETT): Variation in airway resistance with different perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids. Vth International Symposium on Blood Substitutes (ISBS), San Diego, CA, 1993.

203. Wolfson, MR, RG Stern, N Kechner, KM Sekins, and T.H. Shaffer: Utility of a perfluorochemical liquid for pulmonary diagnostic imaging. Vth International Symposium on Blood Substitutes (ISBS), San Diego, CA, 1993.

204. Foust, R, N Kechner, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Comparison of gas ventilation and perfluorocarbon ventilation in acute meconium lung injury. FASEB Journal, 7(3): A230, 1993.

205. Hirschl, R, A Parent, M Tooley, R Parent, M Mc Cracken, K Johnson, T.H. Shaffer, MR Wolfson, and RH Bartlett: Liquid ventilation improves pulmonary function and gas exchange during extra-corporeal life support (ECLS). FASEB Journal 7(3): A230, 1993.

206. Wolfson, MR, RG Stern, N Kechner, KM Sekins, and T.H. Shaffer: Perfluorochemical enhanced diagnostic imaging of the developing lung. Pediatr Res 33(4):388A, 1993.

207. Valls-Soler, A, MR Wolfson, N Kechner, R Foust, and T.H. Shaffer: Comparison of natural surfactant and brief liquid ventilation rescue treatment in very immature lambs. Pediatr Res. 33(4):347A, 1993.

208. Fox, WW, C Cox, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Comparison of perfluorochemical (PFC) fluids physical properties: Effect on endotracheal tube resistance. FASEB Journal. 7(3):A11,1993.

209. Kechner, N, LC Clark, RE Hoffman, K Harris, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Sequential perfluorochemical (PFC) liquid and gas ventilation in rats. FASEB Journal 7(3): A230, 1993.

210. Hirschl, R, A Parent, R Tolley, M Mc Cracken, K Johnson, T.H. Shaffer, MR Wolfson, and RH Bartlett: Liquid ventilation improves pulmonary function and gas exchange during extracorporeal life support. 9th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium, Keystone, Colorado, 1993.

211. Fox, WW, C Cox, C Weis, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation in lambs with perfluorochemical (PFC) fluids: Physical properties and pulmonary resistance. Pediatr Res 33(4):211A, 1993.

212. Greenspan, JS, DA Davis, P Russo, SS Brady, MJ Antunes, AR Spitzer, and T.H. Shaffer: Infant cardiac surgery: Lesion dependent pulmonary response. Pediatr Res. 33(4): 247A, 1993.

213. Sekins, KM, JK Hoffman, MW Wyzgala, R Wilson, T.H. Shaffer, MR Wolfson, RG Stern, and DB Leeper: Perflubron-mediated lung hyperthermia. Radiation Research Society, Thirteenth Annual Meeting of the North American Society, Dallas, Texas, 1993.

214. Kimless-Garber, D, MR Wolfson, C Carlsson, and T.H. Shaffer: Induction of anesthesia during liquid ventilation. 22nd Congress of the Scandinavian Society of Anesthesiologists, Kuppio, Fin-land, 1993.

215. Valls-Soler, A, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Natural surfactant (SF) vs. brief liquid ventilation (LV) rescue therapy in very immature lambs, European Soc for Pediatric Research, Edinburgh, England, 1993.

216. Fox, WW, C Cox, C Weis, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: A severe lung injury model in lambs for evaluation of mechanical ventilation. Clinical Research, 41(4):738A, 1993.

217. Chan, L, T Miller, C Winkel, N Sen, A Chandler, C Farina, G Knee, T.H. Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Intra-amniotic tri-iodothyraonine (T3) improves neonatal pulmonary function in the preterm lamb. Soc. for Gynecological Invest. 1994.

218. Wolfson MR, NE Kechner, H Friss, SD Rubenstein, and T.H. Shaffer: Improved gas exchange and pulmonary mechanics during and following slow tracheal instillation of perfluorochemical liquid in neonatal respiratory distress. Amer J Resp Care Med. 149(4):A545, 1994.

219. Stavis, RL, C Cox, C Farina, G Kaplan, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Prolonged liquid ventilation: physiologic, histologic and biochemical profile of the newborn lamb. Amer. J Resp Care Med. 149(4):A545, 1994.

220. Tuazon, AS, C Cox, RL Stavis, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Tissue uptake of perfluorochemical(PFC) liquid ventilation (LV): A peripheral exchange model. FASEB Journal 8(3):A112, 1994.

221. Cox, C, WW Fox, C Farina, RL Stavis, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Perfluorochemical blood uptake and gas exchange during liquid ventilation in lambs with acute lung injury 10th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium, Keystone, Colorado, 1994.

222. Tuazon, AS, C Cox, RL Stavis, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: A theoretical peripheral exchange model for predicting tissue perfluorochemical (PFC) concentration during liquid ventilation. 10th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium, Keystone, Colorado, 1994.

223. Wolfson, MR, HE Friss, D. Billmire, RB Hirschl, and T.H. Shaffer: Combined technologies: Liquid ventilation (LV) and extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for treatment of severe neonatal lung injury. 10th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium, Keystone, Colorado, 1994.

224. Wolfson, MR, HE Friss, NE Kechner, SD Rubenstein, JP Dechadarevian, and T.H. Shaffer: Physiologic basis of improved lung stability after perfluorochemical (PFC) liquid rescue of surfactant treated lambs. Pediatr Res 35(4):357A, 1994.

225. Fox, WW, C Cox, C Farina, C Weis, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation for pulmonary administration of gentamicin (G) in acute lung injury. Pediatr Res 35(4):296A, 1994.

226. Stavis RL, GS Kaplan, C Cox , MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation (LV): Comparison of pressure vs. flow regulated ventilation strategies. Pediatr Res 35(4):398A, 1994.

227. Major, D, M Cadenas, R Cloutier, L Fourier, T.H. Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Combined ventilation and perfluorochemical (PFC) tracheal instillation as an alternative treatment for near-death congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Canadian Assoc Pediatr Surg, September, 1994.

228. Fox, WW, C Cox, C Weis, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: A neonatal acid lung injury model for study of gas and liquid ventilation. Shock Meeting, May, 1994.

229. Leach CL, JS Greenspan, SD Rubenstein, T.H. Shaffer, MR Wolfson, JC Jackson, R deLemos, BP Furhman, LiquiVent Study Group: Partial liquid ventilation with perflubron: A pilot safety and efficacy study in premature newborns with severe RDS who have failed conventional therapy and exogenous surfactant. Amer Acad Pediatr., October, 1994.

230. Cloutier, R, D Major, M Cadenas, MR Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: (PFC) Tracheal instillation of perfluorochemical liquid in the treatment of very severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Experi-mental study in lambs. Ross Conference, December, 1994.

231. Shaffer, T.H.: Introduction: Liquid ventilation. Hot Topics, Washington, DC, December, 1994.

232. Wolfson, MR, Heckman J, Cox C, and Shaffer TH: Liquid ventilation equipment and methodology: A historical perspective.11th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium. Keystone, CO., 1995.

233. Wolfson, MR, Robinson N, Ginda M, Friss HE, Taulane J, Cox C, Billmire D, Foust R, and Shaffer TH: Combined technologies: liquid ventilation (LV) and extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for treatment of meconium aspiration injury. 11th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium. Keystone, CO., 1995.

234. Shaffer, T.H., R Foust, TF Miller, and MR Wolfson: Characterization of perfluorochemical(PFC) elimination from the PFC-filled lung: theoretical and experimental results. 11th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium. Keystone, CO. 1995.

235. Cox, C, WW Fox,C Weis, MR Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Uptake and biodistribution of perfluorochemical(PFC) fluid during liquid ventilation with lung injury. 11th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium. Keystone, CO. 1995.

236. Sudarshan S, LC Wagerle, MA Jacobson, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Differential effect between airway and pulmonary artery relaxation to adenosine and CGS21680 in newborn lambs. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 151(4):A437, 1995.

237. Clayton RG, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Effect of kerosene on the surface tension properties of bovine surfactant. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 151(4):A745, 1995.

238. Clayton RG, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer. Characterization of lung mechanics and gas exchange in mechanically ventilated lambs with kerosene pneumonitis. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 151(4):A748, 1995.

239. Shaffer, T.H., R Foust, TF Miller, and MR Wolfson: Perfluorochemical (PFC) elimination from the respiratory system. The Faseb Journal. 9(4):A171, 1995.

240. Foust R, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Granulocytic elastase release of human neutrophils upon exposure to meconium. The Faseb Journal 9(4):A965, 1995.

241. Foust R, N Tran, JS Greenspan, T Miller, C Cox, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Comparison of liquid assisted ventilation and exogenous surfactant therapy (ST) in the management of acute meconium aspiration (MAS). Pediatr Res 9(4):A171, 1995.

242. Stavis RL, C Cox, MR Wolfson, N Kechner, R Roache, and TH Shaffer: Long term liquid ventilation of the neonatal lamb: physiologic, histologic, and biochemical profiles. Pediatr Res 9(4):A238, 1995.

243. Cox C, WW Fox, MR Wolfson, RL Stavis,and TH Shaffer: Blood and tissue perfluorochemical (PFC) levels during liquid ventilation with lung injury. Pediatr Res 37(4):A201, 1995.

244. Wolfson MR, NE Kechner, SD Rubenstein, HE Friss, and TH Shaffer: Perfluorochemical (PFC) uptake and biodistribution following liquid assisted ventilation in the immature lamb. Pediatr Res 9(4):A246, 1995.

245. Fourier, L, D Major, M Cadenas, S Leclerc, R Cloutier, MR Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Morphometric and physiological differences between gas and liquid ventilated lung. Can J Anaesth 42(5):A29-B, 1995.

246. Fourier, L, R Cloutier, M Cadenas, S Leclerc,D Major, MR Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Ventilation liquide, surfactant ou ventilation gazeuse dans la diaphragmatique congenitale. 37th Conges National D Anesthesie et de Reanimation 10th Jourees Franco-Quebecoises, Paris, September, 1995.

247. Wolfson MR, NE Kechner, HE Friss, SD Rubenstein, JP Dechadarevian, and TH Shaffer: Liquid assisted ventilation : dose and breathing frequency strategy in the immature lamb. Pediatr Res 9(4):A356, 1995.

248. Weiss C, WW Fox, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Histamine as a selective pulmonary vasodilator during liquid ventilation in hypoxic newborn lambs.Pediatr Res 9(4):A356, 1995.

249. Peck GA, MR Wolfson, CM Farina, and TH Shaffer: Theoretical and experimental assessment of gas exchangers for perfluorochemical (PFC) liquid ventilation. Pediatr Res 9(4):A396, 1995.

250. Greenspan JS, MR Wolfson, SD Rubenstein, MJ Antunes, NE Kechner, and TH Shaffer: Partial liquid ventilation trials: Management implications of serial pulmonary mechanics. Pediatr Res 9(4):A207, 1995.

251. Fox WW, JS Greenspan, SD Rubenstein, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Partial liquid ventilation (PLV) in human neonates: lung function and lung imaging during ECMO. Pediatr Res 9(4):A332, 1995.

252. Davidson, A, R Donner, J Heckman, TF Miller, T.H. Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Partial liquid ventilation reduces left ventricular wall stress in rescue of surfactant -treated preterm lambs. Chest 3: 108S, 1995.

253. Shaffer, T.H. and MR Wolfson: The perfluorochemical liquid-filled lung: Physiological and clinical implications. Physiological Zoology 68(4):76, 1995.

254. Wolfson, MR, TH Shaffer, T Miller, and A Davidson: Effect of perfluorochemical liquid on pulmonary blood flow in surfactant -treated preterm lambs. Physiological Zoology 68(4):77, 1995.

255. Shaffer, T.H. and MR Wolfson: Perfluorochemical liquid ventilation. 66 Years of Surfactant Research, Budapest, Hungary, November, 1995.

256. Shaffer, T.H.: Liquid ventilation: Introduction and review of basic research. Hot Topics ‘95 in Neonatology, Washington DC, December,1995.

257. Leach CL, JS Greenspan, SD Rubenstein, T.H. Shaffer, MR Wolfson, JC Jackson, R deLemos, BP Furhman, LiquiVent Study Group: Partial liquid ventilation with perflubron: A pilot safety and efficacy study in premature newborns with severe RDS who have failed conventional therapy and exogenous surfactant. Pediatr Res 37(4): 332A, 1995.

258. Shaffer TH and MR Wolfson: Perfluorochemical(PFC) assisted ventilation as an alternative ventilation strategy for neonatal respiratory distress. UK Hot Topics, Leicester, U.K. January, 1996.

259. Miller TF, MR Wolfson, GA Peck, and T.H. Shaffer: Multifactorial analysis of perfluorochemical (PFC) liquid conservation during liquid ventilation (LV) The FASEB Journal 10(3): 807A, 1996.

260. Gabiel, JL, TF Miller, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: A novel algorithm for the prediction of physicochemical properties of various perfluorocarbon liquids The FASEB Journal 10(3):807A, 1996.

261. Kechner NE, C Cox, TF Miller, R Foust, R Roache, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Developmental differences in perflubron uptake into the blood during tidal liquid ventilation(TLV) in the immature lamb. Pediatr Res 39(4):221A, 1996.

262. Al-Rahmani A, K Awad, TF Miller, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Effects of partial liquid ventilation (PLV) with perfluorodecalin in the saline injured lung of the juvenile rabbit model. Pediatr Res 39(4): 384A, 1996.

263. Kechner NE ,TF Miller, T.H. Shaffer and MR Wolfson: Perfluorochemical (PFC) blood uptake during partial liquid ventilation(PLV): Effect of lung condition. Pediatr Res 39(4): 336A, 1996.

264. Miller TF, JS Greenspan, WW Fox, R Foust, C Philips, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Combined ECMO and partial liquid ventilation (PLV) in human neonates: LiquiVent perfluorochemical elimination. Pediatr Res 39(4): 231A, 1996.

265. Miller TF, T.H. Shaffer and MR Wolfson: Effect of single vs. Multiple dosing of perfluorochemical (PFC) elimination profile during partial liquid ventilation with LiquiVent. Pediatr Res 39(4): 341A, 1996.

266. Lisby, D, LW Gonzales, WW Fox, MR Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and PL Ballard: Liquid ventilation facilates pulmonary distribution of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. Pediatr Res 39(4): 389A, 1996.

267. Weis C, WW Fox, C Cox, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Selective pulmonary vasodilation and pulmonary distribution of radiolabeled histamine during liquid ventilation (LV) in hypoxic newborn (NB) lambs. Pediatr Res 39(4): 392A, 1996.

268. Wolfson, MR, C Cox, B Starcher, R Foust , TF Miller, NE Kechner, R Roache, and T.H. Shaffer: Biochemical and histologic indices of reduced pulmonary trauma during perfluoochemical (PFC) liquid ventilation. Pediatr Res 39(4): 356A, 1996.

269. Wolfson MR, J Heckman, TF Miller, GA Peck, R Foust, C Cox, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid ventilation technology update. 12th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium. Keystone, CO. 1996.

270. Cadenas, M, D Major, R Coultier, L Fourier, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Ventilacion liquida parcial en la hernia diafragmatic congenita. Il Curso de actulaizacion en cardiologia para enfermeria, Madrid, Espana, March, 1996.

271. Shaffer, T.H.: Liquid ventilation: Basic concepts and clinical application. Norweign Pediatric Society, Oslo, Norway, June, 1996.

272. Shaffer, T.H. and MR Wolfson: Physiologic development of the premature lung: An overview. St. Thomas’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom, September, 1996.

273. Cadenas, M, D Major, L Fournier, S Leclare, R Cloutier, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Ventilacion liquida parcial, sufactante o ventilacion convencional en la hernia diafragmatica congenita (HDC). Simposio Internacional de Neonatologia, Bilbao, Spain, October, 1996.

274. Shaffer, T.H.: Liquid ventilation: Past, present and future. Advances in Perinatal Medicine and Science. Melbourne, Australia, November, 1996.

275. Shaffer, T.H.: Liquid assisted ventilation: Status and Progress. Hot Topics 96 in Neonatology. Washington, D.C., December, 1996.

276. Taulane, J, NB Robinson, M Ginda, T.H. Shaffer, D Bilmire, and MR Wolfson: Regional distribution of nitric oxide (NO) and nitric dioxide(NO2 ) during inhalational therapy: Effect of ventilation strategy. Pediatr Res 39(4):391A, 1996.

277. Greenspan, JS, WW Fox, MR Wolfson, SD Rubenstein, MJ Antunes, T.H. Shaffer and Philadelphia Liquid Ventilation Constortium. Partial liquid ventilation for infants failing on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) Pediatr Res 39(4): 231A, 1996.

278. Driska, SP, RE Laudadio, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer:Shortening velocity of freshly-isolated airway smooth muscle(ASM) cells from preterm and adult sheep. The FASEB Journal 10(3):A432, 1996.

279. Clayton, R, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Partial liquid ventilation (PLV) in lambs with kerosene pneumonitis. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 155(4):A950, 1997.

280. Laudadio RE, SP Driska, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Caffeine-induced contractions of adult smooth muscle (ASM) cells with different exposures to calcium. The FASEB Journal 11(3):A534, 1997.

281. Panitch HB, I Talmaciu, J Hecman, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Quantitative bronchoscopic asssessment of airway collapsibility. Pediatr Res 41(4):305A, 1997.

282. Stavis RL, MR Wolfson, CA Cox, R Foust, TF Miller, NE Kechner, RF Roache, and T.H. Shaffer: Prolonged total liquid ventilation in premature lambs. Pediatr Res 41(4):180A, 1997.

283. Foust R, S Horowitz, JM Davis, J Tierney, CC Cox, NE Kechner, TF Miller, MR Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Antioxidant enzyme (AOE) activities in liquid ventilated premature lambs. Pediatr Res 41(4):252A, 1997.

284. Miller TF, CA Cox, R Roache, R Foust, NE Kechner, T.H. Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: The longitudinal course of perfluorochemical (PFC) intrapulmonary distribution, uptake, and elimination in a chronic rabbit model. Pediatr Res 41(4):260A, 1997.

285. Kechner NE, T.H. Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Influences on perfluorochemical (PFC) blood uptake: In-vitro assessment. Pediatr Res 40(4):56A, 1997.

286. Ryan JP, JS Martin, R Garbarino, MR Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Distribution of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms in tracheal smooth muscle from preterm and newborn lambs. Pediatr Res 41(4):306A, 1997.

287. Milestone BN, TF Miller, MR Wolfson, RG Stern and T.H. Shaffer: Virtual bronchoscopy with perflubron enhancement. Pediatr Res 41(4):305A, 1997.

288. Fox WW, JS Greenspan, R Hirschl, CL Leach, MR Wolfson, T.H. Shaffer, and the Liquivent Study Group: Alveolar recruitment during and after tracheal instillation of LiquiVent in infants on partial liquid ventilation. Pediatr Res 41(4):253A, 1997.

289. Horowitz S, R Foust, W Zhang, T.H. Shaffer, MR Wolfson, and JM Davis. Distinct patterns of apoptosis during total liquid ventilation (TLV) vs. Conventional ventilation (CV). Pediatr Res 41(4):255A, 1997.

290. Wolfson MR, J Heckman, CA Cox, TF Miller, C Philips, B Milestone, R Stern, and T.H. Shaffer. Liquid ventilation technology update: 1997. 13th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium. Keystone, CO. 1997.

291. Wolfson, MR, JP Dechaderavian, R Roache, and T.H. Shaffer: Lung expansion following partial liquid ventilation: Effect of perflubron dose and respiratory rate. 13th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium. Keystone, CO. 1997.

292. Wolfson, MR, NE Kechner, TF Miller, CA Cox, and T.H. Shaffer: Perfluorochemical (PFC) uptake, biodistribution, and elimination associated with liquid ventilation. Annals of Biomed Eng, San Diego, Ca, 1997.

293. Stern RG, BN Milstone, TF Miller, MR Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: Virtual bronchoscopy with perflubron enhancement. Research Forum: VA Southwest Health Care Nework, Tucson, AZ, 1997.

294. Panitch, HB, I Talmaciu, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: In - vivo quantitation of airway stiffness. Amer Amer Jour Resp Crit Care Med 157(3): A 470, 1998.

295. Shaffer TH: Introduction to the perfluorchemical liquid-filled lung. Society of Critical Care, San Antonio, Tx, February, 1998.

296. Laudadio, RE, SP Driska, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Caffeine contracts isolated airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells from neonatal sheep. The FASEB Journal 12(3): A175, 1998.

297. Driska SP, RE Laudadio, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Shortening velocity of airway smooth muscle cells with varied carbachol concentrations. The FASEB Journal 12(3): A175, 1998.

298. Wolfson MR, CA Cox, and T.H. Shaffer: Tidal liquid ventilation: Is lung size or age a physiological limitation? Amer Jour Resp Crit Care Med 157(3): A 460, 1998.

299. Miller TF, B Milstone, R Stern, T.H. Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Effect of perfluorochemical (PFC) properties on PFC distribution, elimination, and lung mechanics during partial liquid ventilation. Amer Jour Resp Crit Care Med 157(3): A 462, 1998.

300. Cullen AB, CA Cox, K Harris, S Hipp, R Roache, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Intratracheal (IT) delivery strategy of gentamicin (G) with partial liquid ventilation (PLV) Pediatr Res 43(4): 331A, 1998.

301. Stavis RL, CA Cox, MR Wolfson, AB Cullen, R Roache, S Hipp, and T.H. Shaffer: Tidal liquid ventilation (TLV) transition to spontaneous breathing (SB): 24 hr follow-up of physiologic and radiographic correlates. Pediatr Res 43(4): 298A, 1998.

302. Cox CA, AB Cullen, MR Wolfson, K Harris, S Hipp, R Roache, and T.H. Shaffer: Intratracheal delivery of a nanocrystal gentamicin /perfluorochemical (G/PFC) suspension in normal (N) and injured (I) lungs. Pediatr Res 43(4): 245A, 1998.

303. Wolfson MR, WW Fox, C Weis, RF Roache, and T.H. Shaffer: Does dead space increase during perfluorochemical (PFC) partial liquid ventilation (PLV)? Pediatr Res 43(4): 337A, 1998.

304. Weis C, WW Fox, CM Philips, RF Roache, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Perfluorochemical (PFC) evaporation from the lungs: Effect of initial dose. Pediatr Res 43(4): 302A, 1998.

305. Cox CA, A Cullen, K Harris, S Hipp, R Roache, MR Wolfson and T.H. Shaffer: A characterization of perfluorochemical (PFC) facilitated delivery techniques for gentamicin (G). 14th Annual CNMC ECMO Symposium. Keystone, CO. 1998.

306. Shaffer, TH: Physiological development of the airways and the effect of mechanical ventilation. Annual Meeting of the Chinese -Taipei Society of Neonatology, Koahsiung, Taiwan, March, 1998.

307. Shaffer, TH: Liquid Ventilation: Current Status. Annual Meeting of the Chinese -Taipei Society of Pediatrics, Taipei, Taiwan, March, 1998.

308. Shashikant, MP, MM Badellino, RE Miller, S Hipp, R Laudadio, SI Myers, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Ventilatory support attenuates intestinal ischemia-reperfusion induced injury. Twenty-First Conference on Shock, San Antonio, TX, June, 1998.

309. Shaffer, TH: Lung surfactant replacement after pulmonary abnormalities. Brazilian Congress of Pediatric Critical Care and Medicine. Salvador Bahia, Brazil, May, 1998.

310. Shaffer, TH: Assisted ventilation of the newborn infant. Brazilian Congress of Pediatric Critical Care and Medicine. Salvador Bahia, Brazil, May, 1998.

311. Shaffer, TH: Alternative modes of ventilation in the prevention and treatment of BPD. Brazilian Congress of Pediatric Critical Care and Medicine. Salvador Bahia, Brazil, May, 1998.

312. Weis C, WW Fox, CM Philips, RF Roache, MR Wolfson, and T.H. Shaffer: Liquid -Assisted ventilation; Effect of initial dosing volume on elimination from the lungs. Thomas Bard Society, Philadelphia, PA, June, 1998.

313. McShane, R, RF Roache, T Hill, M Mandl, MR Wolfson and TH Shaffer: Cold water near-drowning in newborn lambs: Effect of temperature. The FASEB Journal 13(4): A831, 1999

314. Shashikant, MP,SI Myers, MM Badellino, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Pulmonary microvascular permeability following partial liquid ventilation with perfluorodecalin (PFD). The FASEB Journal 13(4):A885, 1999.

315. Hipp, SJ, B Milestone, R Roache, MP Sashikant, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Computed tomography assessment of perflubron distribution during partial liquid ventilation: Effect of dose and ventilatory pressures, Amer Jour Resp Crit Care Med 157(3):A828, 1999.

316. Hipp, SJ, B Milestone, MP Sashikant, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Perflubron enhanced virtual bronchoscopy: Influence of perflubron dose and dose on distal airway quantitation. Amer Jour Resp Crit Care Med 157(3): A778, 1999.

317. Laudadio, RE, MR Wolfson, TH Shaffer, and SP Driska: Histamine contracts isolated airway smooth muscle cells from adult sheep. The FASEB Journal 13(4):A168, 1999.

318. Mandl, M, K Harris, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Perfluorochemical (PFC) evaporation from the lungs: Effect of body temperature. Pediatr Res. 45(4):311A, 1999.

319. Chappell, SE, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Surfactant (SF) delivery with conventional ventilation (CMV) and partial liquid ventilation (PLV) in meconium aspiration injury. Pediatr Res. 45(4): 297A, 1999.

320. Weis, CM, WW Fox, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Perfluorochemical elimination from the lungs: The role of repositioning. Pediatr Res. 45(4): 326A, 1999.

321. Mandl, M, K Harris, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: The effect of body temperature on perfluorochemical (PFC) uptake and elimination from the lungs: The 15th Annual CNMC Symposium, Keystone, Colorado, February, 1999.

322. Wolfson, MR, A Davidson, T H Shaffer, R Roache, J Merwin, JA Pucella. PEEP sensitivity during tidal liquid ventilation. Pediatr Res. 45(4):326A, 1999.

323. Nakstad, B, K Hanne, MR Wolfson, R Lindemann, TH Shaffer, D Fugelseth, and T Lyberg: Perfluorocarbon chemicals (PFC) do not induce inflammatory responses in human blood leukocytes. Pediatr Res. 45(4): 214A, 1999.

324. Mandl, M, K Harris, MR Wolfson and TH Shaffer: Einfluss der korpertemperatur auf aufnahme und verlust von perfluorcarbonen (PFC) bei flussigkeitsbeatmung. Annual Meeting of Gesellschaft fur Neonatologie und Padiatrische Intensivmedizin. Munich, Germany, May, 1999.

325. Shashikant, MP, B Cooper, A Riva, R Milner, MM Badellino, SI Myers, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Effect of ventilation strategy on pulmonary thromboxane release following intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (II/R). Fourth International Shock Congress. Philadelphia, PA, June, 1999.

326. Nakstad, B, T Aspelin, MR Wolfson, R Lindemann, TH Shaffer, D Fugelseth, and T Lyberg: Perfluorocarbon chemicals (PFC) do not induce production of endothelin-1 or nitric oxide in human blood leukocytes in vitro. Eur Society for Pediatr Res, 1999.

327. Nakstad, B, H Kahler, MR Wolfson, R Lindemann, D Fugelseth, TH Shaffer, and T Lyberg: Perfluorocarbon chemicals (PFC) do not modulate CD11b or CD62L expression in blood leukocytes, or stimulate TNF- α and IL-8 secretion. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be induced at high PFC concentrations in blood. Eur Society for Pediatr Res October, 1999.

328. Mantell, L, M Wolfson, TH Shaffer, W Scott, S Horowitz, and J Davis. Distinct patterns of apoptosis in lungs of sheep during liquid and gas ventilation. Amer Jour Resp Crit Care Med 157(3):A602, 1999.

329. Major, D, J Crochetare, R Cloutier, L Fournier, M Gamache, TH Shaffer, WR Wolfson, and B Piedbout. Effet de la ventilation liquide au perfluorocarbone sur les pneumocytes de type II du surfactant alveolare de pulmons ventiles & FiO2=1. 41st Congres National D’Anesthesie et de Reanimation, Paris, France, September, 1999.

330. Mandl, M, K Harris, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Influence of body temperature on perfluorochemical (PFC) Content in Tissue and Blood during Partial Liquid ventilation (PLV): First European Meeting on Liquid Ventilation, Berlin Germany, November, 1999.

331. Mandl, M, K Harris, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Influence of body temperature on perfluorochemical (PFC) Content in Tissue and Blood during Partial Liquid ventilation (PLV): Eur J Med Res 5:77, 2000.

332. Cullen, AB, RE Laudadio, SP Driska, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Functional characteristics of newborn airway: Effect of Ventilation. Pediatr Res. 47(4): 355A, 2000.

333. Driska SP, RE Laudadio, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: What the shortening rate of a smooth muscle cell tells us about thin filament lengths. Biophysical Society, New Orleans, February, 2000.

334. Laudadio, RE, SP Driska, Cullen,AB, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Age-related contractile response of isolated airway smooth muscle. Pediatr Res. 47(4): 478A, 2000.

335. Weis, CM, R Garbarino, WW Fox, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Nitric Oxide independence of low-dose histamine as a selective pulmonary vasodilator in the newborn lamb. Pediatr Res. 47(4): 380A, 2000.

336. Mandl.M, K Harris, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Perflubron (PFB) content in blood and tissue during partial liquid ventilation (PLV) correlates with core body temperature. The 16th Annual CNMC Symposium, Keystone, Colorado, February, 2000.

337. Bonneau, L, TH Shaffer, M Lukason, J St. George, MR Wolfson and DJ Weiss: Ingestion in vivo by alveolar macrophages of perfluorochemical (PFC) liquid correlates altered pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Amer Jour Resp Crit Care Med 161(3):A902, 2000.

338. Wolfson, MR, JC Jackson, DS Foley, RB Hirschl, F Gauvin, WJ Lamm, J Gaughan, and TH Shaffer: Multi-Center comparative study of conventional mechanical (CMV) to tidal liquid ventilation (TLV) in oleic acid (OA) injured sheep. Amer Jour Resp Crit Care Med 161(3):A46, 2000.

339. Mandl.M, K Harris, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Body temperature dependent differences in perfluorochemical (PFC) tissue and blood content during partial liquid ventilation. Pediatr Res. 47(4): 59A, 2000.

340. Cooper, B, MP Sashikant, MM Badellino, SI Myers, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Physiochemical properties of perfluorochemical liquids influence ventilatory requirements, pulmonary mechanics, and microvascular permeability during partial liquid ventilation. Amer Jour Resp Crit Care Med 161(3):A45, 2000.

341. Laudadio, RE, TSA Harris, MR Wolfson, TH Shaffer and SP Driska: ACH contraction of isolated airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells: Evaluation of a dose-dependent response. The FASEB Journal 14(3):A663, 2000.

342. Davidson, A, J Merwin, J Pucella, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Cardiac function in the preterm lamb is improved during tidal liquid (TLV) as compared to conventional mechanical gas ventilation (CMV). Pediatr Res. 47(4): 54A, 2000.

343. Trevisanuto D, MJ Jeng, CM Weis, WW Fox, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) modulates perfluorochemical (PFC) evaporation from the lungs. Pediatr Res. 47(4): 436A, 2000.

344. Jeng, MJ, D Trevisanuto, CM Weis, WW Fox, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: The role of ventilation strategy on perfluorochemical (PFC) evaporation from the lungs. Pediatr Res. 47(4): 404A, 2000.

345. Nakstad, B, H Kahler, MR Wolfson, R Lindemann, TH Shaffer, D Fugelseth and T Lyberg: Perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids may have minor effects on IL-8 secretion from blood leukocytes, whereas TNF- secretion is non-responsive. Eur J Med Res 5:78, 2000.

346. Shaffer TH: “Liquid Ventilation: State of Art.” II Annual European Liquid Ventilation Symposium. Bilbao, Spain, October, 2000.

347. Touch SM, JS Greenspan, AB Cullen, MR Wolfson and TH Shaffer: Thermal stability and transition studies with a hybrid warming device. Developmental Interventions in Neonatal Care, November, 2000.

348. Cullen AB, SP Driska, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Characterization of airway smooth muscle and structure with early development. The FASEB Journal 15(4):A165, 2001.

349. Cullen AB, SM Touch, JS Greenspan, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Thermal responses during neonatal transition with a hybrid warming device. The FASEB Journal 15(4):A94, 2001.

350. Nordby BA, JC Jackson, MV Autieri, RA DeLa Cadena, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Cytoprotective effects of tidal liquid ventilation (TLV) in oleic acid (OA) injured sheep. The FASEB Journal 15(4):A159, 2001.

351. Wolfson MR, RE Milner, BS Cooper, BA Nordby, RA DeLa Cadena, SI Myers, MM Badellino, and TH Shaffer: Effects of ventilation with perfluorochemicals (PFC) on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced lung injury: Partial liquid ventilation (PLV) vs. PFC vapor. The FASEB Journal 15(4):A159, 2001.

352. Shaffer TH, JS Greenspan, and MR Wolfson: Chronic Lung Disease Symposium, “Liquid Ventilation: Trials and Tribulations”, Blackpool, United Kingdom, November, 2001.

353. Cullen AB, SP Driska, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Age and ventilation effect on neonatal airway smooth muscle (ASM): Functional, structural, and histological correlates. Pediatr. Res. 49(40): 274A, 2001.

354. Nordby BA, MV Autieri, JP Scheerlinck, RA DeLa Cadena, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Age and ventilation effects on cytokine profile in the developing sheep. Pediatr. Res. 49(40): 275A, 2001.

355. Touch SM, JS Greenspan, AB Cullen, MR Wolfson and TH Shaffer: Evaluation of a new method for combined convection incubation and radiant warming. Pediatr. Res. 49(40): 362A, 2001.

356. Driscoll, WR, JA Kazzaz, TH Shaffer, MR Wolfson, and JM Davis: Effects of perfluorochemical (PFC) and antioxidant injury in vitro. Pediatr. Res. 49(40): A 301A, 2001.

357. Purohit AG, SM Ahmad, JS Greenspan, AB Cullen, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Airway (A) and pulmonary artery (a) smooth muscle contractility: Effect of Generation. Pediatr. Res. 49(40): 462A, 2001.

358. Ahmad SM, AG Purohit, JS Greenspan, AB Cullen, SP Driska, and TH Shaffer: Cellular and histological comparison of airway and pulmonary artery structure at different generations. Pediatr. Res. 49(40): 462A, 2001.

359. Jeng, MJ, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Perfluorochemical (PFC) combinations for acute lung injury: An in vitro and in vivo study. Pediatr. Res. 49(40): 269A, 2001.

360. Yang, SS, MJ Jeng, R McShane, CY Chen, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Intrapulmonary perfluorochemical (PFC) induced hypothermia protects lung integrity. Pediatr. Res. 49(40): A285A, 2001.

361. Jeng, MJ, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Partial liquid ventilation (PLV): Effect of initial dose and redosing strategy in acute lung injury. The 17th Annual CNMC Symposium, Keystone, Colorado, February, 2001.

362. Yang, SS, MJ Jeng, R McShane, CY Chen, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Perfluorochemical (PFC) induced hypothermia: Physiological and histological correlates. The 17th Annual CNMC Symposium, Keystone, Colorado, February, 2001.

363. Mandl M, J Lotte, U Dirksen, MR Wolfson, TH Shaffer, and U Goebel: Temperature dependent changes of cytokine expression in cord blood cells incubated with perfluorocarbon liquids (PFC). The 17th Annual CNMC Symposium, Keystone, Colorado, February, 2001.

364. Miller TL, C Palmer, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Neonatal chest wall suspension splint: non-invasive support of lung volume and thoracoabdominal synchrony. The FASEB Journal 15: LB96, 2001.

365. Fox WW, TH Shaffer, D Stool, S Milkovich, G Rider, and X Chen: A dynamic model of infant suffocation: Product safety results. Shock (15):83, 2001.

366. Blackson T, Cox T, Touch SM, and TH Shaffer: Assessment of HFOV performance: In vitro and in vivo studies using hot-wire anemometry. Pediatric Academic Society. 2002.

367. Singhaus CJ, SM Touch, JS Greenspan, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: "Environmental responses during transition under Heliox (Hx) conditions in a newly designed isolette system." FASEB 2002.

368. Singhaus CJ, VZ Kendrick, and TH Shaffer: Effect of inspiratory resistance training (IRT) on lung function, inspiratory muscle strength and endurance. FASEB 2002.

369. Singhaus CJ, SM Touch, JS Greenspan, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: A prototype infant incubator for Heliox (Hx) Therapy. Pediatr Res, 51;4(2):383A., 2002.

370. Fox WW, TH Shaffer, D Stool, S Milkovich, G Rider, and X Chen: A computerized, robotic model for evaluation of infant suffocation. Pediatr Res, 51;4(2):84A, 2002.

371. Miller TL, BA Nordby, J Melby, A Pilon, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Comparison of intratracheal (IT) vs intravenous (IV) administration of rhCC10 therapy in acute lung injury (ALI): Physiologic, inflammatory, and kinetic profiles. Pediat Res, 51;4(2):464A, 2002.

372. Nordby BA, MJ Jeng, J Davis, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Differential cytoprotective effects of combined perfluorochemical liquids (PFC) for acute lung injury (ALI) treatment. Pediatr Res, 51;4(2):338A, 2002.

373. Nordby BA, TL Miller, J Melby, A Pilon, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: rhCC10-augmented surfactant (SF) therapy in acute lung injury (ALI): Physiological and inflammatory profile. Pediatr Res, 51;4(2):469A, 2002.

374. Cullen AB, H Kubo, SP Driska, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Characterization of airway smooth muscle (ASM) development: Functional, histological and molecular correlates. Pediatr Res, 51;4(2):332A, 2002.

375. Blackson T, T Cox, SM Touch, J Tuckosh, and TH Shaffer: Assessment of HFOV performance: In vitro and in vivo studies using hot-wire anemometry. Pediatr Res, 51;4(2):394A, 2002.

376. Cox T, T Blackson, TH Shaffer, D Paul, and K Weis: Case Report: Proactive Invasive Pulmonary Function Testing for Surgical Intervention in a Barnes Syndrome Patient. Pediatric Academic Society. 2002.

377. Cox T, T Blackson, TH Shaffer, D Paul, and K Weis: Case Report: Proactive Invasive Pulmonary Function Testing for Surgical Intervention in a Barnes Syndrome Patient. Delaware Respiratory Therapy Society, October, 2002.

378. Eckbold L, M Hickey, T Blackson, T Cox, TH Shaffer, and SM Touch: A Comparison of Three Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Systems (NCPAP), Employed in an in vitro Lung Model Simulating a Low Birth Weight Premature Neonate. Delaware Respiratory Therapy Society, October 2002.

379. Sturtz WJ, SM Touch, RG Locke, JS Greenspan, and TH Shaffer: Neonatal Tidal Volume on High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation Using Hot Wire Anemometry. Journal of Perinatology. American Academy of Pediatrics. October/November Vol 22, No 7: 614, 2002.

380. Touch SM, JS Greenspan, AB Cullen, MR Wolfson and TH Shaffer: Thermal Stability and Transition Studies with a Hybrid Warming Device. ESPR, The Netherlands, September, 2002.

381. Shaffer TH, The Neonatal Airway. Amer. Acad. Pediatr. Boston, MA, October, 2002.

382. Tauber D, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Effect of Ipratropium Bromide on Trachealis Tone. American Thoracic Society 99th International Conference. Seattle, WA. 2003.

383. Babu PBR, A Chidekel, and TH Shaffer: Hyperoxia-induced changes in the human airway epithelial cell line Calu-3: Protective effect of Perflubron (PFB). American Thoracic Society 99th International Conference. Seattle WA. 2003.

384. Blackson T, TI Sherman, SM Touch, T Cox, and TH Shaffer: Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (BCPAP) Does Not Augment Ventilation. Pediatr Res 53(4):360A, 2003.

385. Fox WW, TH Shaffer, D Stool, SM Milkovich, G Rider, X Chen, RR Stevens, and SS Stool: A Robotic Model for Evaluation of Infant Strangulation. Pediatr Res 53(4):341A, 2003.

386. Touch SM, TI Sherman, T Blackson, JS Greenspan, and TH Shaffer: Adaptive Control of Inspired O2 During Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Administration: Reduced Oxidative Stress. Pediatr Res 53(4):355A, 2003.

387. Touch SM, T Blackson, TI Sherman, MR Wolfson, JS Greenspan, and TH Shaffer: The Impact of Heliox (HeO2) Augmented Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a Neonatal Lung Injury Model. Pediatr Res 53(4):355A, 2003.

388. Cullen AB, H Kubo, SP Driska, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Effects of mechanical ventilation on neonatal airway smooth muscle (ASM): Functional, Structural, and molecular correlates. Pediatr Res, 53(4): 355A, 2003.

389. Shaffer TH. Neonatal Airway in Health and Disease. Eur. Soc. Pediatr. Res., Bilboa, Spain, September, 2003.

390. Singhaus CJ, LH Utidjian, TI Sherman, TL Miller, and TH Shaffer: Growth and Development in a Heliox (Hx) Incubator Environment: A Long-Term Study. Pediatr Res 55(4):521A, 2004.

391. Nawalb US, TI Sherman, SM Touch, T Blackson, G Zhu, TH Shaffer and MR Wolfson: Effects of Surfactant (SF)-Augmented CPAP Therapy on Lung Structure and Inflammation. Pediatr Res 55(4):529A, 2004.

392. Nawab US, SM Touch, TI Sherman, T Blackson, JS Greenspan, G Zhu, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Heliox attenuates lung inflammation and structural alterations in acute lung injury. Pediatr Res 55(4):601A, 2004.

393. Touch SM, TL Miller, TI Sherman, T Cox, and TH Shaffer: Noninvasive Ventilatory Support: CPAP, Surfactant (SF) and Time Correlates. Pediatr Res 55(4):509A.2004.

394. Zhu G, JS Greenspan, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Decreased Lung Lung Injury with Tracheal Gas Insufflation (TGI)-Augmented Surfactant (SF) Therapy in Preterm Lambs. Pediatr Res 55(4):508A, 2004.

395. Zhu G, NB Shasikant, TL Miller, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Physiologic, Structural and Inflammatory Profiles in the Preterm Lamb: Comparison of Tidal Liquid Ventilation (TLV) to Gas Ventilation (GV) with Surfactant (SF) Pediatr Res 55(4):514A, 2004.

396. Koo HC, Y Li, JA Kazzaz, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Perfluorochemicals (PFC) Enhance Adenovirus-Catalase (rAd-CAT) Transduction Efficiency in Pulmonary Epithelial Cells. Pediatr Res 55(4):501A, 2004.

397. Fox WW, TH Shaffer, J Hotaling, K Ibarra, J Owens,and D Stool: Assessment of Conforming Material Characteristics and Risk of Asphyxiation Fatality. Pediatr Res 55(4):348A, 2004.

398. Funanage VL, S Smith-Kirwin,TL Miller,NB Sashikant, MR Wolfson, and TH Shaffer: Dose-Response Impact of rhCC10-Augmented Surfactant (SF) Therapy on Surfactant Protein Profile in Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS). Pediatr Res 55(4):514A, 2004.

399. Kowalski WJ, S Smith-Kirwin, SM Touch, TH Shaffer, VL Funanage: Surfactant Expression in Oleic Acid (OA)-Induced Lung Injury in a Neonatal Model of Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Pediatr Res 55(4):515A, 2004.

400. Touch SM, TL Miller, A Hesek, T Blackson, and TH Shaffer: The Impact of Heliox Therapy (Hx) on Tracheal Gas Insufflation (TGI) in a Model of Neonatal Lung Injury. Pediatr Res 55(4):509A, 2004.

401. Miller TL, T Blackson, TH Shaffer, and SM Touch: Tracheal Gas Insufflation (TGI) Augmented CPAP During Spontaneous Breathing in RDS. Pediatr Res 55(4):506A, 2004.

402. Babu RPB, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH: Inflammatory and innate immune components in bronchoalveolar lavage of children with chronic respiratory diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 169(7):A489, 2004.

403. Sherman TI, Blackson TJ, Cox T, Rendle J, Touch SM, Shaffer TH: The Implications of an Adaptive Controlled Oxygen Blending System with Respect to Nursing Care in the Neonate. 2004 NANN meeting, Orlando, Florida, October 13-15, 2004.

404. Chen J, R Devayajanam, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Finite Element Modeling of Freezing Behavior During Endometrial Cryoablation. BMES.October, Philadelphia, 2004.

405. Shaffer TH: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. Hot Topics, Washington, DC, December, 2004.

406. Miller TL, Touch SM & Shaffer TH: Comparison of tracheal aspirates, tracheal tissue, and lung tissue in a model of neonatal respiratory distress: Expression profiles of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 7 and 9 and tissue produced inhibitors (TIMPs) 1 and 2. Pediatr Res., May, 2005.

407. Miller TL, Touch SM, Singhaus CJ, Ramesh Babu PB, Chidekel A, & Shaffer, TH: Developing rabbit tracheae: Expression profiles of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 7 and 9 and tissue produced inhibitors (TIMPs) 1 and 2. Pediatr Res May, 2005.

408. Miller TL, Singhaus CJ, Sherman TI, Greenspan JS & Shaffer, TH: Heliox as a carrier gas for inhaled nitric oxide (iNO): Impact on lung function with prolonged bronchoconstriction. Pediatr Res. May, 2005.

409. Singhaus CJ, Miller TL, Sherman TI, Greenspan JS, & Shaffer TH: Heliox (Hx) as a carrier gas for inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in a pharmacologically induced model of transient bronchoconstriction (BC). Pediatr Res May, 2005.

410. Ramesh Babu PB, Miller TL, Chidekel A & Shaffer TH: Effect of rhCC10 on airway epithelial cell line Calu-3: Apical (AP) versus basolateral (BL) treatment. Pediatr Res May, 2005.

411. Miller TL, Touch SM, Singhaus CJ, Ramesh Babu PB, Chidekel A & Shaffer TH: Expression profiles of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 7 and 9 and tissue produced inhibitors (TIMPs) 1 and 2 in developing rabbit tracheae. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. May, 2005.

412. Ramesh Babu PB, Miller TL, Chidekel A & Shaffer TH: Effect of recombinant CC10 on hyperoxia induced injury of airway epithelial cells. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. May, 2005.

413. Walsh M, Padman R, Yosef E, Oldam H, Cox T and Shaffer TH: Chest Physical Therapy in Children with Acute Asthma (AAAS), June, 2005.

414. Chang G, Cox C, and Shaffer TH: Nasal cannula, CPAP, and Vapotherm: Effect of flow, temperature, humidity, pressure, and resistance. Pediatr Res May, 2005.

415. Zhu G, Malone DJ, Kazzaz JA, Davis, JM, Shaffer TH and Wolfson MR: Perfluorochemical (PFC) prophylax attenuates hyperoxia induced morbidity and mortality in mice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. May, 2005.

416. Wolfson MR, Kazzaz JA, Chi Y, Shaffer TH, and Davis JM: Perfluorochemical (PFC) liquid facilitates transduction efficiency: in vitro and in vivo study Pediatr Res May, 2005.

417. Malone DJ, Kazzaz JA, Davis, JM, Shaffer TH and Wolfson MR: Perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids limit hyperoxic injury Pediatr Res May, 2005.

418. Sarafidis K, Zhu G, Malone DJ, Kazzaz JA, Davis, JM, Shaffer TH and Wolfson MR: Perfluorochemical (PFC) augmented rhSOD delivery attenuates inflammation in the immature lung. Pediatr Res May, 2005.

419. Miller TL, Zhu Y, Singhaus, CJ, Markwardt S, Chidekel AC, Shaffer TH: Dissociation between the effects of oxygen and pressure on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, 7 and 9 expression in human airway epithelial cell. PAS 59:3840.6; 2006.

420. Singhaus CJ, Zhu Y, Miller TL, Chidekel AC, Shaffer TH: Supplemental Oxygen: Effect of concentration and time of exposure on human airway epithelium. PAS 59:3840.7; 2006.

421. Wolfson MR, Malone DJ, Wu J, Hoffmann J, Rosenberg A, Shaffer TH, Barbut D: Perfluorochemical (PFC) nasopharyngeal (NP) cooling induces selective brain hypothermia. PAS 157: 4350.9, 2006.

422. Wolfson MR, Malone DJ, Strayer MS, WU J, Wu J, Koo H-C, Shaffer TH, Davis JM, Kazzaz JA: Spatial and temporal distribution of transgene expression using novel perfluorochemical/adenovirus suspensions. PAS 169: 4831.94, 2006.

423. Miller TL, Zhu Y, Altman AR, Dysart K, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Mechanical ventilation of the neonatal airway: Sequential changes in mechanical properties and concomitant marker of tissue modeling. PAS 59:467, 2006.

424. Chen J, R Devayajanam, TH Shaffer, and MR Wolfson: Finite Element Modeling of Freezing Behavior During Endometrial Cryoablation. BMES Fall Meeting, 2006.

425. Wolfson MR, Malone DJ, Wu J, Hoffman J, Rozenberg A, Shaffer TH and D Barbit: A Novel Approach for Inducing Selective Brain Hypothermia. Hot Topics, Washington DC, December, 2006.

426. Malone DJ, Zhu G, Lanna L, Kazzaz JA, Davis JM, Shaffer TH, and Wolfson MR: Perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids limit murine hypoxic(HO) lung injury. FASEB, April, 2006.

427. Kazzaz JA, Malone DJ., Strayer MS, Wu J., Koo HC., Shaffer TH, Davis JM., Wolfson MR: Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Transgene Expression Using Novel Perfluorochemicals/Adenovirus Suspensions, Am J Respir Crit Care Med. Volume 173: A25, 2006.

428. Miller TL, Altman AR, Tsuda T, Shaffer TH: A novel ultrasound imaging method for the in vivo evaluation of kinetics and mechanics in the ventilated neonatal trachea. Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 3:A679, 2006.

429. Miller TL, Zhu Y, Singhaus CJ, Markwardt S, Chidekel AC, Shaffer TH: Dissociation between the effects of oxygen and pressure on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, 7, and 9 expression in human airway epithelial cells. PAS 59: 3840. 2006.

430. Miller TL, Zhu Y, Altman AR, Dysart K, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH: Mechanical ventilation of the neonatal airway: Sequential changes in mechanical properties and concomitant marker of tissue modeling. PAS 59: 467, 2006.

431. Singhaus CJ, Zhu Y, Chidekel AC, Miller TL, Shaffer TH: Supplemental Oxygen: Effect of Concentration and Time of Exposure on Human Airway Epithelium. PAS 59: 3840, 2006.

432. Theroux MC, Bernardi J, Miller TL, Shaffer TH: Lung Injury Following One Lung Ventilation. In Neonatal Lambs: A Pilot Study. Amer. Soc. Anesth, 2006.

433. Shaffer TH: Liquid Ventilation : From the Bench to the Bedside. 5th Annual European Symposium on the Development of Liquid Ventilation. Milan, Italy, March, 2006.

434. Shaffer TH: Developmental Airway Physiology. Terapia Respiratoria Neonatale, Parma, Italy, November, 2006.

435. Zhu Y, Miller TL, ShafferTH, Chidekel AS: Positive pressure exerts a greater detrimental effect on cultured human epithelial (Calu-3) cells than hyperoxia. Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 3:A679, 2007.

436. Miller TL,* Zhu Y*, Dysart K, Chidekel AS, Shaffer TH: Secretion of matrix Metalloproteinases in isolated trachea during mechanical ventilation. Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 3:A679, 2007.

437. Theroux MC, Lim D, Olivant A, Costarino A, Shaffer TH, Miller TL. Lung injury related to one lung ventilation Anesth & Crit Care, March, 2007.

438. Miller TL, Lim D, Olivant A, Costarino A, Shaffer TH: An animal model for the study of protective therapies during one lung ventilation (OLV) in children. PAS/SPR, May 5-9, 2007.

439. Bullard C, Rodriguez ME, Dysart K, Shaffer TH*, Miller TL: Sensitivity analysis of impulse oscillometry (IOS) in a bronchoconstriction neonatal/pediatric model PAS/SPR, May 5-9, 2007.

440. Chong E, Locke R, Dysart K, Chidekel AS, Shaffer TH, Miller TL: Heat shock protein(HSP) 70 secretion by tracheal tissue during mechanical ventilation: Associated with indices of tissue function and modeling. PAS/SPR, May 5-9, 2007.

441. Zhu Y, Miller TL, Chidekel AS, Shaffer TH: KL-4 surfactant (Surfaxin) protects human airway epithelial cells from hyperoxia. PAS/SPR, May 5-9, 2007.

442. Malone D, Wu J, Joseph A, Shaffer TH, Davis JM, Kazzazz JA, Wolfson MR: Effect of perfluorochemical liquids and superoxide dismutase (SOD) on protein oxidation and mechanics in the hyperoxic lung. PAS/SPR, May 5-9, 2007.

443. Chong E, Locke R, Dysart K, Chidekel AS, Shaffer TH, Miller TL: Heat shock protein(HSP) 70 secretion by tracheal tissue during mechanical ventilation: Associated with indices of tissue function and modeling. ESPR, 2007.

444. Malone D,Wu J, Joseph A, Shaffer TH, Davis JM, Kazzazz JA, Wolfson MR: Effect of perfluorochemical liquids and superoxide dismutase (SOD) on protein oxidation and mechanics in the hyperoxic lung. ESPR, 2007.

445. Zhu Y, Miller TL, Chidekel AS, Shaffer TH: KL-4 surfactant (Surfaxin) protects human airway epithelial cells from hyperoxia. Eur Society Pediatr Res., November, 2007.

446. Shaffer TH, Schanen NC: Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE): The Center for Pediatric Research (CPR), Vermont Network Idea Meeting, Vermont, July, 2007.

447. Shaffer TH: (Total) Liquid Ventilation, 5th International Conference on Perfluorocarbon Applications in Medicine, Montreal, CA, November, 2007.

448. Wolfson MR, Malone DJ, Wu J, Gregory T, Mazela J, Shaffer TH: Aerosurf delivery during CPAP improves lung mechanics and reduces inflammation in spontaneously breathing preterm lambs. Hot Topics, Washington, DC, December, 2007.

449. Malone DJ, Wu J, Barbe MF, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids decrease diaphragm stress in hyperoxic lung injury. Pediatric Academic Society Meeting 2008.

450. Wolfson MR, Wu J, Malone DJ, Gregory TJ, Mazela J, Shaffer TH: Surfaxin attenuates inflammation and preserves lung structural integrity vs. animal-derived surfactants in an RDS model. Pediatric Academic Society Meeting 2008.

451. Wolfson MR, Malone DJ, Wu J, Gregory TJ, Mazela J, Shaffer TH: Aerosurf delivery during CPAP improves lung mechanics and reduces inflammation in spontaneously breathing preterm lambs. Pediatric Academic Society Meeting 2008.

452. Malone DJ, Wu J, Barbe MF, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids decrease diaphragm stress in hyperoxic lung injury. Eastern Society Pediatric Research Meeting 2008.

453. Oshodi B, Dysart K, Cook A, Rodriguez EM, Zhu Y, Shaffer TH, Miller TL: Airway injury resulting from repeated endotracheal intubations: Possible prevention strategies: Eastern Society Pediatric Research, June, 2008.

454. Zhu Y, Miller TL, Bhandari V, Shaffer TH, Chidekel A: Effect of Short-Term Mechanical Ventilation on Cultured Airway Epithelial (Calu-3) Cells. Amer Thoracic Soc. 2008.

455. Rodriguez EM, Mackenzie W, Miller TL, Chidekel, Shaffer TH: Thoracopulmonary Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) in a pediatric population with disorders of the thoracic cage. Amer Thoracic Soc. 2008.

456. Oshodi B, Dysart K, Cook A, Rodriguez EM, Zhu Y, Shaffer TH, Miller TL: Airway injury resulting from repeated endotracheal intubatiuons: Possible prevention strategies: PAS/SPR, May, 2008.

457. Theroux, MC, Heck JT, Olivant A, Dixit D, Costarino AT, Shaffer TH, Miller TL Tryptase Expression During One Lung Ventilation. Society Pediatr Anesth 2008.

458. Frizzola MA, Dysart K, Rodriguez E, Zhu Y, Rojas J, Hesek A, Stump A, Shaffer TH, Miller TL. Physiologic mechanisms of high flow nasal cannula therapy (HFT) with two degrees of leak around nasal prongs. PAS, 2008.

459. Rodriguez ME, Olivant A, Miller ML, Shaffer TH, Theroux MC: One lung ventilation: Use of the impulse oscillation system to asses lung function in an animal model”. ERS Congress, October, Eur Resp J Suppl 52; 2008.

460. Rodriguez ME, Olivant A, Zhu Y, Miller TL, Theroux MC, Shaffer TH: Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) in the assessment of lung injury in an animal model of one lung ventilation (OLV), PAS May, 5854.6, 2008.

461. Rodriguez ME, Mackenzie WG, Miller TL, Ditro C, Shaffer TH, Chidekel AS: Pulmonary Dysfunctions as Measured by Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) Among Patients with Morquio Syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA CHEST (American College of Chest Physicians), October , Philadelphia, PA. Abstract 134: p140001 2008.

462. Rodriguez ME, Olivant A, Rahul B, Theroux MC, Shaffer TH: “Effects of an Exogenous Surfactant (Calfactant) in an Animal Model of One-Lung Ventilation.” PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD, May 2-5, 2009.

463. Lindemann R, Hubert TL, Wu C, Agnew C, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: “Thermal Responses of the Newborn Pig: Comparison of the Caleo and Giraffe Omnibed Warming Devices.” PAS/SPR, Baltimore MD, May 2-5, 2009.

464. Hubert TL, Lindemann R, Wu J, Agnew C, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: “In vitro Comparison of the Caleo and Giraffe Warming Devices. PAS/SPR, Baltimore MD, May 2-5, 2009.

465. Zhu Y, Dysart K, Shaffer TH, Chidekel A: “A Comparison of the Effects of Short-Term CPAP or Mechanical Ventilation and Moderate Hyperoxia on Cultured Human Airway Epithelial Cells. PAS/SPR, Baltimore MD, May 2-5, 2009.

466. Zhu Y, Dysart K, Shaffer TH, Chidekel A: “Effect of Budesonide on Cultured Human Airway Epithelial (Calu-3) Cells Exposed to Hyperoxia and Short-Term Mechanical Ventilation. Amer Thoracic Soc, San Diego, CA, 2009.

467. Rodriguez ME, Olivant-Fisher A, Hesek A, Wang J, Zhu Y, Theroux MC, Shaffer TH: “Protective ventilation strategy to reduce injury during one-lung ventilation (OLV): Functional outcomes using an impulse oscillation system (IOS).”European Respiratory Scoiety Annual Congress, Vienna, Austria, 2009.

468. Theroux MC, Olivant-Fisher A, Rodriguez ME, Horner LM, Shaffer TH: Protective Ventilation: Physiological and Inflammatory Markers During One Lung Ventilation Amer Soc Anesth. 2009.

469. Ciarlo J, Blackson T, Horney DH, Cox T, Shaffer TH: Can a differential pressure flow transducer accurately trend tidal volume delivery during high frequency oscillatory ventilation in an adult bench model of ARDS. Respir. Care Soc., 2009.

470. Dysart K, Hesek A, Rodriguez EA, Zhu Y, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH: High Flow Nasal Canula for Delivery of a Helium-Oxygen (HeOx) Mixture in a Newborn Piglet RDS Model PAS/SPR, Baltimore MD, May 2-5, 2009.

471. Bhatia R, Horner L, Olivant A, Rodriguez E, Hesek A, Shaffer TH, Theroux MC: Calfactant administration prior to one lung ventilation to minimize inflammatory injury. 38th Critical Care Congress in Nashville, TN, Jan, 2009.

472. Olivant-Fisher A, Rodriguez ME, Horner LM, Shaffer TH, Theroux MC: Changes in Systemic Tryptase during one lung ventilation (OLV) in a pig model. Amer. Soc. Anesth. Chicago, IL, 2009.

473. Theroux MC, Olivant-Fisher A, Rodriguez ME, Horner LM, Shaffer TH: Protective Ventilation: Physiological and Inflammatory Markers During One Lung Ventilation. ASA Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, October, 2009.

474. Olivant-Fisher A, Horner LM, Shaffer TH, Theroux MC: Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Profile Before and After One-Lung Ventilation. ASA Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, October, 2009.

475. Theroux MC, Olivant Fisher A, Rodriguex ME, Reichard KW, Shah SA, Costarino AT, Shaffer TH. Clinical Trial of Methylprednisolone in Children to Reduce Inflammation and Improve Outcome from OLV. Society for Pediatric Anesthesia, Chicago, IL, October, 2010.

476. Kim M, Shaffer TH, Pugarelli J, Miller TL., Wolfson MR, Dodge GR: Short-term Mechanical Ventilation Impacts Airway Cartilage Structure and Mechanical Properties. Amer. Ortho, Res. Society, Boston, MA, October, 2010.

477. Rodriguez ME, Bober MB, Hienle R, Zamora AD, Rogers, K, Davy L, Li Puma AB, Shaffer TH, Chidekel AS: Changes in thoracis cage and lung mechanics secondary to Hypophosphatasia and human recombinant enzyme replacement therapy: A Case Report. Amer Thoracic Soc, New Orleans, LA, May, 2010.

478. Hubert TL, Wu J, Kimura K, Higuchi S, Eguchi S, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Modulation of CC10 mRNA expression in the Preterm Lamb, Amer Thoracic Soc, New Orleans, LA, May, 2010.

479. Rodriguez ME, Olivant A, Rahul B, Theroux MC, Shaffer TH: “Impact of Surfactant Treatment in a Translational Animal Model of One-Lung Ventilation, Amer Thoracic Soc, New Orleans, May, 2010.

480. Zhu Y, Dysart K, Willis D, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH, Chidekel A: Impact of Short-Term Hyperoxia on Human Airway Epithelial Cell Tight Junction: Structure and Function, Amer Thoracic Soc., New Orleans, LA, May, 2010.

481. Kim, M, Dodge G R, Pugarelli J, Miller T.L, Wolfson, M.R, Shaffer T.H: Mechanical ventilation (MV) of the neonatal airway: Effect on mechanical properties and cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) PAS/SPR, Vancouver, Canada, May, 2010.

482. Rodriguez ME, Theroux MC, Olivant-Fisher A, LiPuma AB, Reichard KW, Costarino AT, Shaffer TH: Impact of perioperative changes respiratory mechanics and inflammatory profile in one lung ventilation (OLV) in children. PAS/SPR, Vancouver, Canada, May, 2010.

483. Zhu Y, Dysart K, Rodriguez ME, Mosko JJ, Shaffer TH, Chidekel A: The Effects of Gas Humidification With High Flow Devices (HFD) On Cultured Human Airway Epithelial Cells, PAS/SPR, Vancouver, Canada, May, 2010.

484. Dysart K, Hesek A, Rodriguez EA, Zhu Y, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH: Flow optimization during nasal canuale (NC) therapy: Gas exchange and work of breathing indices, PAS/SPR, Vancouver, Canada, May, 2010.

485. Dysart K, Hesek A, Rodriguez EA, Zhu Y, Greenspan, Shaffer TH: A randomized controlled comparison of Heliox and Nitrox breathing with nasal cannulae (NC) in a lung injury model, PAS/SPR, Vancouver, Canada, May, 2010.

486. Hubert TL, Wu J, Kimura K, Higuchi S, Eguchi S, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: cc10 mRNA expression during early development: impact of surfactant and rhCC10 treatments. Pediatric Academic Society Meeting and Eastern Society for Pediatric Research, 2010.

487. Wolfson MR, Wu J, Hubert TL, Gregort T, Mazela J, Shaffer TH: Lyophyilized KL-4 surfactant sustains oxygenation and attenuates inflammation versus animal-derived surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) in ventilated-hyperoxic respiratory distress (RDS) model. PAS/SPR, Vancouver, Canada, May, 2010.

488. Hubert TL, Wu J, Kimura K, Higuchi S, Eguchi S, Shaffer TH , Wolfson MR: C10 mRNA Expression during Early Development: Impact of Surfactant and rhCC10 Treatments PAS/SPR, Vancouver, Canada, May, 2010.

489. Wu J, Hubert TL, Park Y, Kato K, Kim KC, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR.: MUC1 in the developing lung: response to inflammation. PAS/SPR Vancouver, Canada, May, 2010.

490. Rodriguez ME, Theroux MC, Olivant-Fisher A, LiPuma AB, Reichard KW, Costarino AT, Shaffer TH: Impact of perioperative changes respiratory mechanics and inflammatory profile in one lung ventilation (OLV) in children. ERS, Barcelona, Spain, October, 2010.

491. Wolfson MR, Jichuan W, Hubert TL, Gregory T, Mazela J, Clayton R, Shaffer TH: Aerosolized KL4 Surfactant Dose-Response in the Spontaneously Breathing CPAP-Supported Preterm Lamb PAS/ SPR , Denver, May, 2011.

492. Olivant-Fisher A, Husain K, Hubert TL, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH Theroux MC: Hyperoxia during one lung ventilation: inflammatory and oxidative responses. Pediatr Anesth. Ann Meeting, San Diego, CA, March, 2011.

493. Giordano K, Rodriguez ME, Green N, Armani M, Attia M, Shaffer TH: Non-Invasive Respiratory Function Tests in Pediatric ED Patients with Acute Wheezing/Asthma Exacerbation: A Pilot and Feasibility Study. PAS/ SPR , Denver, May, 2011.

494. Mazela J, Gregory TJ, Henderson CH, Wenstrup J, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Novel ventilator circuit adaptor for combined delivery of CPAP and aerosolized drugs to premature infants. PAS/ SPR , Denver, May, 2011.

495. Zhu Y, Wang J, Mosko JJ, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH, Chidekel A: Hyperoxia and Positive Pressure-induced Disruption of the Tight Junction in Cultured Human Airway Epithelial Cells: The Protective Effect of Perflubron. PAS/ SPR , Denver, May, 2011.

496. Chidekel A, Zhu Y, Mosko JJ, Wang J, Wolfson MR and Shaffer TH: Impact of Positive

Pressure and Hyperoxia on Calu-3 Cell Tight Junction Proteins and Markers of Inflammation: A 72-hour study. ATS , May , Denver, CO, 2011.

497. Wolfson, MR, J Wu, TL Hubert, J Mazela, TJ Gregory, RG Clayton, and TH Shaffer: Aerosolized KL4 Surfactant Dose-Response in the Spontaneously Breathing CPAP- supported Preterm Lamb PAS/SPR , May , Denver, CO., 2011.

498. Ramirez VZ, ER Ramirez, K Nessetti, M. Nessetti, M Khatamee, R. Navarro, Shaffer TH, Ramirez H, and Wolfson MR: Ovine model of functional uterine transplantation Experimental Biol. Washington, DC, April, 2011.

499. Hubert T, J Wu, Y Park, K Kato, K Kimura, TH Shaffer, S Eguchi, KC, Kim and MR Wolfson: rhCC10 Treatment Modulates the Pro and Anti-Inflammatory Profile in the Immature Lung. Experimental Biol. Washington, DC, April, 2011.

500. Mazela J, Gregory TJ, Henderson CH, Wenstrup J, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: Combined delivery of CPAP and aerosols to premature infants via a novel ventilator circuit adapter. ISAM Rotterdam, Netherlands, June, 2011.

501. Rodriguez E, Giordano K, N Green, M Armani, J Richards, M W Attia and TH Shaffer:Non-effort Dependent Pulmonary Function Tests (NEDPFT) in the Pediatric Emergency Department Patients with Acute Asthma Exacerbation: Admission vs. discharge objective evaluation? ESPR, New Castle, UK, October, 2011.

502. Rodriguez E, Giordano K, N Green, M Armani, J Richards, M W Attia and TH Shaffer:

Quantitative Assessment of Asthma Severity in Pediatric Emergency Department (ER) Patients using non-invasive respiratory function tests. ESPR, New Castle, UK, October, 2011.

503. Rodriguez, ME, M Armani, K Michellini, Y Zhu, J Wang, MR Wolfson, J Barthold, and TH Shaffer. Airway and inflammatory profile of ORL rats: An asthma phenotype? ERS

Amsterdam, NE, October, 2011.

504. Wolfson, MR, J Wu, TL Hubert, J Mazela, TJ Gregory, RG Clayton, and TH Shaffer: Dose-Response to Aerosolized KL4 Surfactant Dose-Response in the Spontaneously Breathing CPAP- supported Preterm Lamb. ESPR, New Castle, UK, October, 2011.

505. Mazela J, Gregory TJ, Henderson CH, Wenstrup J, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: A Novel

ventilator circuit adaptor for simultaneous delivery of CPAP and aerosolized medication to premature infants. ESPR, New Castle, UK, October, 2011.

506. Chidekel A, Zhu Y, Mosko JJ, Wang J, Wolfson MR and Shaffer TH: Human Airway Epithelial

Cells during Hyperoxia and Hypothermia . ATS , San Francisco, May, 2012.

507. Beatriz E J, Robert L,, Mackley A, Stefano J, Emberger J, Rodriguez E, Shaffer TH: Work of Breathing Indices in Infants with Respiratory Insufficiency on High Flow Nasal Cannula vs. Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res. Philadelphia, March, 2012.

508. Sekhon R, Vellanki H , Zhu Y, Hesek A, Wang J , Rodriguez ME, , Wu J , Shaffer TH, Wolfson

MR : Heliox In Combination With High Flow Nasal Cannula Decreases Diaphragmatic Injury In Newborn Porcine Lung Injury Model . Eastern Soc. Ped. Res. Philadelphia, March, 2012.

509. Sekhon R, Vellanki H , Zhu Y, Hesek A, Wang J , Rodriguez ME, , Wu J , Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH : High Flow Nasal Heliox Improves Work Of Breathing And Attenuates Lung Injury In The Newborn Porcine Lung Injury Model. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res. Philadelphia, March, 2012.

510. Levenbrown Y, Penfil S, Hesek A, Zhu Y, O'Neil KB, Rodriguez ME, Shaffer TH:Use of insulin

to decrease septic shock induced myocardial depression in a porcine model. PAS/SPR Boston, May, 2012.

511. Beatriz E J, Robert L,, Mackley A, Stefano J, Emberger J, Rodriguez E, Shaffer TH: Work of Breathing Indices in Infants with Respiratory Insufficiency on High Flow Nasal Cannula vs. Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure . PAS/SPR Boston, May, 2012.

512. Sekhon R, Vellanki H , Zhu Y, Hesek A, Wang J , Rodriguez ME, , Wu J , Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR : Heliox In Combination With High Flow Nasal Cannula Decreases Diaphragmatic Injury In Newborn Porcine Lung Injury Model . PAS/SPR Boston, May, 2012

513. Sekhon R, Vellanki H , Zhu Y, Hesek A, Wang J , Rodriguez ME, , Wu J , Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH : High Flow Nasal Heliox Improves Work Of Breathing And Attenuates Lung Injury In The Newborn Porcine Lung Injury Model PAS/SPR Boston, May, 2012. 514. Rowan D, Sly W, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Barrera LA, Chinen Y, Yasuda E, Ruhnke K, Suzuki Y and

Orii T, Shaffer TH: Current and emerging treatments and surgical interventions for Morquio A Syndrome. World Congress, Japan, 2013.

515. Hubert TL, Mallilankaraman K, Marcinkiewicz M, Wu J, Shaffer TH, Muniswamy M, Wolfson

MR: rhCC10 Modulates Lipopolysaccharide Injury in Alveolar Like Cell Culture ATS , Philadelphia, May, 2013.

516. Muirhead KM, Smith K, Shaffer TH, Zhu Y, Cox T: Evaluation of an increase in flow versus

pressure limit in a time cycled pressure limited transport ventilator. DAARC, Newark, October, 2013.

517. Ramirez S, Wu J, Baker ST, Ray P, Caputo M, Azad T, Miller S, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR:

Nasopharyngeal (NP) perfluorochemical (PFC) selective brain cooling: Neuroprotection against traumatic brain injury (TBI). PAS/SPR Washington, DC, May, 2013.

519. Hubert TL, Mallilankaraman K, Marcinkiewicz M, Wu J, Shaffer TH, Muniswamy M, Wolfson

MR: rhCC10 Modulates Lipopolysaccharide Injury in Alveolar Like Cell Culture ATS , Philadelphia, May, 2013.

520. Alapati D, Zhu Y, Costa J, Cox T, Shaffer TH: The impact of hyperoxia and/or hyperventilation

on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. PAS/SPR Washington, DC, May,2013. 521. Chang G, Cox C, Maduskuie V, Zhu Y, Fawcett P, Shaffer TH: Biological and Biophysical

Alterations in Red Blood Cell Properties: Impact of Blood Transfusions Through Small Bore Catheters. PAS/SPR Vancouver, CA, May, 2014.

522. Zhu Y, Alapati D, Costa J, Maduskuie V, Fawcett P, Shaffer TH: Inflammatory responses of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) during oxidative and biophysical stress: A

comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay versus multiplex methodology. PAS/SPR Vancouver, CA, May, 2014.

523. Costa J, Alapati D, Zhu Y, Maduskuie V, Fawcett P, Greenspan JS, Shaffer TH: Impact of Oxidative and Biophysical Stress on Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (PASMC): Physiologic and Molecular Correlates. PAS/SPR. Vancouver, CA, May, 2014.

524. Costa J, Alapati D, Zhu Y, Maduskuie V, Fawcett P, Greenspan JS, Shaffer TH: Impact of

Oxidative and Biophysical Stress on Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (PASMC): Physiologic and Molecular Correlates. ESPR. Philadelphia, PA, March, 2014.

525. de Jongh BE, Mowes AK, Zhu Y, Cox TJ, Shaffer TH: IPPV: The Effects of Hyperoxia and

Biophysical Stress on Human Airway Epithelial Cells. PAS/SPR Vancouver, CA, May, 2014. 526. Hossain Md, Bunnell HT, Lang JE, Wysocki T, Shaffer TH: Clustering random coefficients of

piecewise mixed effects model to group children with differential weight gain patterns before and after diagnosis of asthma. American Statistical Association, Boston, MA, August, 2014.

527. Smith K, Muirhead K, Shaffer TH, Zhu Y, Cox T: Comparision of breath triggering in three

ventilators available for transition from critical care to home in pediatric patients. AARC, Nov, 2014.

528. Mowes AK, de Jongh BE, Zhu Y, Cox TJ, Shaffer TH: High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation:

The Effects of Hyperoxia and Biophysical Stress on Human Airway Epithelial Cells. PAS/SPR San Diego, CA, May, 2015.

529. Sivieri EM, Rahman T, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: A Non-Lethal Large Animal Model of Traumatic

Lung Injury (TLI). Experimental Biology, Boston, April, 2015. 530. Sivieri EM, Rahman T, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR: A Novel Approach for the Development and

Characterization of a Large Animal Model of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Experimental Biology, Boston, April, 2015.

531. Holmblad K, Hobson GM, Oldham H, Shaffer TH: Pulmonary function in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher

Disease. ATS, Denver, May, 2015. 532. Alapati D, Sullivan C, Zhu Y, Akins R, Shaffer TH: Morphological and Contractile

Characteristics of Isolated Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (PASMC) exposed to Oxidative and Biophysical Stress. ATS, Denver, May, 2015.

533. Costa J, Alapati D, Zhu Y, Fawcett P, Shaffer TH: Inflammatory Role of Pulmonary Artery

Smooth Muscle Cells in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Artery Hypertension. PAS/SPR San Diego, CA, May, 2015.

534. Sherman TI, Moya F, Simmons P, Kurtz D, and Shaffer TH: Parents' Preferences Regarding

Administration of Animal-Derived Versus a Synthetic Medication to their Newborn Infant. PAS/SPR San Diego, CA, May, 2015.

535. Shaffer TH, Mason R, Gray B: The Center for Pediatric Research COBRE. NERIC Regional Meeting , Bar Harbor, Maine, September, 2015.

http://www.amstat.org/meetings/jsm/2014/onlineprogram/AbstractDetails.cfm?abstractid=312772



536. Davis J, Shaffer TH, Pilon A: Retrospective Analysis of Preterm Infant Long Term Follow-up from a rhCC10 Ph1b Clinical Trial, Hot Topics, Washington, DC, December, 2015.

537. Alapati D, Jassar R, Shaffer TH: Management of Supplemental Oxygen in Persistent

Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn- A Survey, Hot Topics, Washington, DC, December, 2015.

538. Tran NN, Jani G, Udenze-Utah CN, Siddiqui SS, Golub LM, Rahman T, Shaffer TH: A Novel Slot Retractor for Frenotomy. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2016.

539. Shaffer TH, Mason R, Gray B: The Center for Pediatric Research COBRE. Regional IDeA Meeting , University of Delaware, Delaware, February, 2016. 540. Alapati D, Jassar R, Shaffer TH: Management of Oxygen in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension

of the Newborn (PPHN) - A Survey. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2016. 541. McLean KM, Blackson T, Ciarlo J, Boylan L, Antunes M, Shaffer TH, Locke R: Impact of

neonatal endotracheal tube biofilm on resistance and mechanics of breathing. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2016.

542. Favara M, Alapati D, Aghai Z, Locke R, Ierardi R, Shaffer TH: Practice Variations in Initiation

of Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension in Newborn (PPHN). Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2016.

543. Alapati D, Aghai Z, Hossain J, Dirnberger DR, Ogino MT, Shaffer TH: Lung Rest during ECMO

for Neonatal Respiratory Failure. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2016. 544. WolfsonMR, Wu J, Baker ST, Gill C, Johnson J, Poole L, Shaffer TH: Aerosolized

Perfluorochemical Rescue Against Acute Altitude-Induced Pulmonary Complications. Experimental Biology, San Diego, CA, April, 2016.

545. Tran NN, Jani G, Udenze-Utah CN, Siddiqui SS, Golub LM, Rahman T, Shaffer TH: A Novel

Slot Retractor for Frenotomy. PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD, May, 2016. 546. Shaffer TH, Rahman T, Cox T, Page R, Bonnefoy J, Page C: Real-Time Noninvasive Pediatric

Respiratory Monitor, PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD, May, 2016. 547. Alapati D, Jassar R, Shaffer TH: Management of Oxygen in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension

of the Newborn (PPHN) - A Survey. PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD, May, 2016. 548. McLean KM, Blackson T, Ciarlo J, Boylan L, Antunes M, Shaffer TH, Locke R: Impact of

neonatal endotracheal tube biofilm on resistance and mechanics of breathing. PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD, May, 2016.

549. Favara M, Alapati D, Aghai Z, Locke R, Ierardi R, Shaffer TH: Practice Variations in Initiation

of Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension in Newborn (PPHN). PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD, May, 2016.

550. Alapati D, Aghai Z, Hossain J, Dirnberger DR, Ogino MT, Shaffer TH: Lung Rest during

ECMO for Neonatal Respiratory Failure. PAS/SPR, Baltimore, MD, May, 2016. 551. Alapati D, Balasubramaniam SL, Hossain J, Soundar S, Fawcett P, Shaffer TH: Effects of

Inhaled Nitric Oxide on Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (PASMC) Exposed To Positive Pressure Ventilation and Hyperoxia. ATS, San Francisco, CA, May, 2016.

552. Bronstein JZ, Shaffer TH, Chidekel A, Heinle R: Quantitative Analysis of Thoracoabdominal

Asynchrony in Pediatric Polysomnography. ATS, San Francisco, CA, May, 2016. 553. Wolfson MR, Wu J, Sivieri EM, Brady E, Marcinkiewicz MM, Baker ST, Shaffer TH: Blunt

Thoracic Trauma with Pulmonary Blast Injury Phenotype: Perfluorochemical intervention within the “Golden Hour”. ATS, San Francisco, CA, May, 2016.

554. Strang A, Giordano K, Attia M, Lee S, Shaffer TH: Clinical Assessment and Respiratory

Impedance Plethysmography in Predicting Admission in Patients with Status Asthmaticus Presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Room. ATS, San Francisco, CA, May, 2016.

555. Strang A, Bronstein JZ, Chidekel A, Shaffer TH, Heinle R: Pulmonary Function Tests in a 2-

year-old Male with Prune-Belly Syndrome and Renal Failure undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis. ATS, San Francisco, CA, May, 2016.

556. Shaffer TH: Liquids Beyond the “Abyss”. EuroELSO, Glasgow, Scotland, June, 2016. 557. Shaffer TH: The Role of Perfluorocarbons in the ECMO ERA? EuroELSO, Glasgow, Scotland,

June, 2016. 568. Shaffer TH: Brain Feeze during Resucitation/ECMO: The role of Perfluorocarbons. EuroELSO,

Glasgow, Scotland, June, 2016. 569. Hossain, Md, Shaffer TH: Pieccewise Mixed Effects to Detect Associated Changes in Health

Trajectories: An Evaluation of Pre- and Post-Acute Bronchitis Growth Trajectories in Ages 0-5 yr. JSM, Baltimore, MD, August, 2017.

570. Shaffer TH, Bbalasubramanian S, Wang Y, Rahman T: Developmental Changes in Respiratory

Inductance Plethysmography (RIP) Parameters. Experimental Biology, Chicago, IL, April, 2017. 571. Sivieri E, Shaffer TH, Abbasi S: Carbon Dioxide Washout Efficiency during Humidified High

Flow using Heliox vs. Nitrox. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2017. 572. Sivieri E, Shaffer TH, Abbasi S: Labored Breathing Index: Calculation using Uncalibrated vs.

Calibrated Respiratory Inductance Plethysmography in Preterm Infants. Eastern Soc. Ped. Res., March, 2017.

573. Tran NN, Jani G, Udenze-Utah CN, Siddiqui SS, Restrapo-Ormsby A, Rahman T, Shaffer TH:

Slot Retractor for Frenotomy: Follow-up. PAS/SPR, San Francisco, CA, May, 2017. 574. Shaffer TH, Balasubramaniam S, Wang Y, Rahman T: Age-dependent Physiological Values for Respiratory Inductance Plethysmography (RIP) Parameters. Experimental Biology, Chicago, IL, April, 2017.

575. Rahman T, Page R, Page C, Bonnefoy JR, Cox T, Shaffer TH: A Comparison of Thoracoabdominal Motion (TAM) Methods and Devices. PAS/SPR, San Francisco, CA, May, 2017.

576. Wolfson MR, Pleshko N, Darvish KK, Baker St, Wu J, Kyada R, Nelson C, Fukuda S, Enkhbaatar P, Fiorova G, Komissarov AA, Idell S, Shaffer TH: Differential impact of fibrinolysins on airway cast composition and mechanical properties assessed by a novel infrared imaging and microindentation approach. ATS, Washington, DC, May, 2017.

577. Florova G, Surasarang SH, Idell R, Girard R, Chamiso M, Nelson C, Enkhbaatar P, Williams RO, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH, Idell S, Komissarov AA: Modeling of Pulmonary Delivery of Nebulized Fibrinolysins by Mechanical Ventilation: Effects of Humidifier and Oxygen on Yield, and Specific Activity. ATS, Washington, DC, May, 2017. 578. Wolfson MR, Enkhbaatar P, Idell S, Shaffer TH: A Respiratory Bridge Adapter (RBA) for Optimizing Inhaled Media Delivery. ATS, Washington, DC, May, 2017. 579. Strang A, Balasubramaniam S, Heinle R, Rahman T, Shaffer TH: Use of pneuRIPTM: A Novel Respiratory Inductance Plethysmography Monitor in Assessing Lung Function in Children with Neuromuscular Disease. ATS, Washington, DC, May, 2017. 580. Sivieri E, Shaffer TH, Abbasi S: Carbon Dioxide Washout Efficiency during Humidified High Flow using Heliox vs. Nitrox. PAS/SPR, San Francisco, CA, May, 2017. 581. Sivieri E, Shaffer TH, Abbasi S: Labored Breathing Index: Calculation using Uncalibrated vs. Calibrated Respiratory Inductance Plethysmography in Preterm Infants. PAS/SPR, San Francisco, CA, May, 2017.

582. Degnan AJ, Saul D, Shaffer TH, Fox WW, Zhang H: Partial Liquid Ventilation with Perfluorooctylbromide Highlights Heterogeneous Ventilation Patterns in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD). ESPR Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, March 16-18, 2018. 583. Siddiqui S, Sosnovsky A, Tran N, Jani G, Udenze-Utah C, Golub L, Restrepo-Ormsby A, Rahman T, Shaffer TH: Successful Long-term Breast Feeding Patterns with Early Frenotomy using a Novel Slot Retractor (SR) Design. ESPR Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, March 16-18, 2018. 584. Tran N, Siddiqui S, Sosnovsky A, Jani G, Udenze-Utah C, Golub L, Restrepo-Ormsby A, Rahman T, Shaffer TH: ESPR Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, March 16-18, 2018. 585. Shaffer TH, Ryan L, Rahman R, Strang A, Heinle R: Diagnostic Differences in Work of

Breathing (WOB) Indices and Respiratory Breathing Patterns in Healthy and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) Children, ATS Meeting, San Diego, CA, May 18-23, 2018. 586. Florova G, Koenig K, Sarva K, Enkhbataar P, Fukuda S, Nelson C, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH, Williams BO, Surasarang SH, Sahakijipijam S, Idell S, Komissarov AA: A Biochemical Analysis of the Effects of Nebulized Plasminogen Activators on Smoke Induced Acute Lung Injury in Sheep. ATS Meeting, San Diego, CA, May 18-23, 2018. 587. Fukuda S, Enkhbataar P, Nelson C, Hengsawas S, Williams BO, Suraserang SH, Komissarov AA, Florova G, Singh P, Shaffer TH, Wolfson MR, Idell SI: Comparison of Nebulized Plasminogen Activators for Management of Inhalational Smoke Induced Acute Lung Injury (ISALI) in Sheep: Impact on Physiological Profile. ATS Meeting, San Diego, CA, May 18-23, 2018.

588. Tran N, Siddiqui S, Sosnovsky A, Jani G, Udenze-Utah C, Golub L, Restrepo-Ormsby A,

Rahman T, Shaffer TH: Novel Method for Frenotomy Procedure. PAS/SPR Meeting, Toronto, CA, April 28 - May 1, 2018.

589. Degnan AJ, Saul D, Shaffer TH, Fox WW, Zhang H: Partial Liquid Ventilation with Perfluorooctylbromide Highlights Heterogeneous Ventilation Patterns in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD). Hot Topics in Neonatology, Washington DC, December 2018.

590. Wolfson MR, Enkhbaatar P, Fukuda S, Nelson CL, Williams, III, RO, Hengsawas S, Sahakijpijarn S,

Komissarov AA, . Florova G, Singh KP, Idell SI, Shaffer III TH; Perfluorochemical-Facilitated Fibrinolysin Delivery: Sustained Improvement in Physiologic Outcomes in Inhalational Smoke Induced Acute Lung Injury (ISALI) in Sheep. ATS Meeting, Dallas, TX, May, 2019.

591. Wolfson MR, Pleshko N, Darvish K, . Marcinkiewicz M, Wu J, Rakymzhan A, Kyada R, Enkhbaatar

P, Fukuda S, Nelson C, Williams RO, Komissarov A, Florova G, Shaffer TH, Idell S; Understanding Airway Casts Secondary to Inhalational Smoke-induced Acute Lung Injury (ISALI): Independent Assessment Tools of Composition and Fibrinolysin Impact. ATS Meeting, Dallas, TX, May, 2019.

592. Shaffer TH, Ryan L, Strang A, Heinle R, Rahman T, Ratnagari: Differentiation of normal and abnormal

breathing patterns and Work of Breathing (WOB) indices in Children using Macine Learning. ATS Meeting, Dallas, TX, May, 2019.

593. Zhu Y, Gayen nee Betal S, Favara M, Fong G, RahmanT, Shaffer TH, Aghai ZH: A novel noninvasive

approach for evaluating work of breathing (WOB) indices in a developmental rat model using respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP). PAS/SPR Meeting, Baltimore, MD, April-May , 2019.

594. Gable M, Mackley A, Locke R, Shaffer TH, Kovatis K: The Impact of Kangaroo Mother Care on

Work of Breathing Indices in Very Low Birthweight Infants. PAS/SPR Meeting, Baltimore, MD, April-May , 2019.

595. Kovatis KZ, Mackley A, Gable M, Shaffer TH, Locke R: Bedside assessment of work of breathing

(WOB) indices in infants with respiratory insufficiency during high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) treatment. PAS/SPR Meeting, Baltimore, MD, April-May , 2019.

596. Zhu Y, Gayen nee Betal S, Favara M, Fong G, RahmanT, Shaffer TH, Aghai ZH: A novel noninvasive

approach for evaluating work of breathing (WOB) indices in a developmental rat model using respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP). ESPR Meeting, Phila, PA, March , 2019.

597. Gable M, Mackley A, Locke R, Shaffer TH, Kovatis K: The Impact of Kangaroo Mother Care on

Work of Breathing Indices in Very Low Birthweight Infants. ESPR Meeting, Phila, PA, March , 2019. 598. Kovatis KZ, Mackley A, Gable M, Shaffer TH, Locke R: Bedside assessment of work of breathing

(WOB) indices in infants with respiratory insufficiency during high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) treatment. ESPR Meeting, Phila, PA, March , 2019.

Teaching Experience: Courses in Engineering and Physiology: 1968 Kinematics Pennsylvania State University Department of Mechanical Engr. Lectures & Conferences

1971-1972 Biomechanics Drexel University Department of Biomedical Engr. Lectures

1974-1977 Medical University of Pennsylvania Physiology Department of Physiology

School of Medicine Director of Laboratories Tutorial Sessions & Conferences

1975-1977 Perinatology University of Pennsylvania Department of Pediatrics

School of Medicine Lectures

1975-1977 Biomedical University of Pennsylvania Engineering Department of Biomedical Engr. Lectures & Tutorial Sessions

1977-2003 Medical & Grad Temple University Physiology Department of Physiology

Lectures and Laboratories

1980-Present Pulmonary Phila. Regional Pediatric Physiology Pulmonary Disease Program Moderator & Lectures

Residency and Fellows Teaching: 1975-Present Pulmonary Department of Pediatrics

Physiology Children's Hospital of Phila. University of Pennsylvania

1977-Present Pulmonary Department of Pediatrics Physiology St.Christopher's Hospital for Children

Temple University

1977 Pulmonary Department of Surgery Physiology Temple Hospital

Temple University

1986 Fetal Department of Perinatology, Physiology Obstetrics & Gynecology Pennsylvania Hospital University of Pennsylvania

Preceptor and Research Advisor for the following graduate students and fellows: Graduate Students

Francis DuCoin, M.S. 1968–72 Thelma Greiner, M.S. 1969–71 James Heacock, M.S. 1970–72 James Ferguson, M.S. 1973–78 Emidio Sivieri, M.S. 1973–86 Peter Koen, M.D., Ph.D. 1975–88 Rebecca L. Craik, Ph.D. 1976–80 Gregory Ellis, Ph.D. 1977–87 James S. Wilson, M.S. 1979–82

Corrine Lowe, M.S., Ph.D. 1979–84 Marla Wolfson, M.S., Ph.D. 1980–85 Debra Forman, M.S., Ph.D. 1980–86 Patricia Douglas, M.S. 1981–83 Michael Rossi, Ph.D. 1981–88 Randy Koslo, Ph.D. 1982–85 Stephen Idell, M.D., Ph.D. 1982–86 Jacob Schwartz, M.S. 1982–86 Maurizio Mariani, M.D., Ph.D. 1984–86 Kian Deoras, M.D., Ph.D. 1984–88 Bohdan Minczak, Ph.D. 1984–88 Lorlyne Lange, M.S. 1985–87 Raymond B. Penn, Ph.D. 1985–88 Susan P. Gauthier, Ph.D. 1987–92 Timothy Dougherty, M.S. 1988–89 Mary Swyer, M.S. 1989–91 Robert Hodge, M.S. 1990–91 John P. Cummings, M.S. 1991–93 Alex S. Tuazon, M.S. 1992–94 Shrivas Sudarshan, M.S. 1992–95 Raymond Foust, III, Ph.D. 1993–96 Nancy Kechner, Ph.D. 1993–98 Stephen Chappell, M.S. 1994–95 Thomas F. Miller, Jr., Ph.D. 1994–97 Aaron Cullen, M.S. 1998–00 Rachel E. Laudadio, M.S. 1999–02 Clifford Singhaus, Ph.D. 1999–02 Sean Hipp, M.S. 2000–02 Jeannine L. Stuart, Ph.D. 2000–03 Aaron Cullen, M.D., Ph.D. 2000–04 Mark P. Sashikant, M.S. 2001–02 Thomas L. Miller, Ph.D. 2002–05 Beth Nordby, Ph.D. 2002–06 Daniel Malone, Ph.D. 2004–08 Clifford Singhaus, Ph.D.

2002-07

Fellows

S. David Rubenstein, M.D. 1974–76 Edgardo Arcinue, M.D. 1974–76 Pedro Paez, M.D. 1975–76 Tsun–Hsin Lin, M.D. 1976–77 Robert Dinwiddie, M.D. 1976–78 Nghia Tran, M.D. 1977–79 Marcy Wagaman, D.O. 1977–79 Ara S. Moornjian, M.D. 1978–79 Vinod Bhutani, M.D. 1978–80 Stephen M. Snyder, D.O. 1978–80 Anthony R. Rooklin, D.O. 1978–80 John G. Shutack, D.O. 1978–81 Soraya Abassi, M.D. 1980–82 Shanaz Duara, M.D. 1980–82

Pamela Ramachadran, M.D. 1981–83 S. Kaplan, M.D. 1983–84 Kevin Dowd, Ph.D. 1984–86 Karen A. Hardy, M.D. 1985–87 Holly G. Breuninger, D.O. 1987–89 Prabu B. Mehta, M.D. 1989–90 Paul Richmond, M.D. 1989–91 Barbara Russel, D.O. 1989–91 Esteban Kekllikian, M.D. 1989–92 Howard Panitch, M.D. 1990–93 Michael Antunes, M.D. 1991–93 Leonard Goldsmith, M.D. 1991–93 Robert Locke, D.O. 1991–94 Debra Kimless–Garber, M.D. 1993–95 Carla M. Weiss, M.D. 1993–96 Russel Clayton, D.O. 1994–95 Greta Peck, D.O. 1994–96 Marijo A. Zelinko, M.D. 1994–96 Joan Taulane, M.D. 1995–97 Raymond Foust, III, Ph.D. 1996–97 Dianne Lisby, M.D. 1996–97 Aiman Al–Rahmani, M.D. 1999–01 Rees Oliver, M.D. 2000–02 Sayed Ahmand, M.D. 2001–03 Avinosh Purhoit, M.D. 2001–03 Wendy Sturtz, M.D. 2001–03 Carolyn Boyd, M.D. 2002–03 Diane Tauber, M.D. 2002–03

Graduate Students Terrence L. Hubert, BS, MS 2008-2011 Fellows Wendy Kowalski, M.D. 2004-2007 Yan Zhu, M.D. 2004-2008 Charrell Bullard, M.D. 2005-2006 Thomas L. Miller, Ph.D. 2005-2008 Maria Elena Rodriguez, M.D. 2005-2009 Euming Chong, M.D. 2006-2008 Bayo Oshodi, M.D. 2007-2008 Meg Frizzola, D.O. 2007-2009 Rahul Bhatia, M.D. 2008-2009 Yosef Levenbrown, D.O. 2010-2012

Haritha Valranki, M.D. 2010-2011 Romol Sekhon, M.D. 2010-2011 Beatriz DeJongh, M.D. 2010-2011 Katie Giordano, M.D. 2010-2011 Nicole Green, M.D. 2010-2011 Joana Costa, M.D. 2013-2015 Kristel Holmbad, MD 2013-2015 Jason Bronstein, MD 2014-2015 Abigail Strang, MD 2014-2015

· 1 . curriculum vitae. name: thomas h. shaffer, ms.e., ph.d. office address : temple university...

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