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COMPANY INTRODUCTION

2010

AGENDA

Introduction

Core Business

UV Basics and Advantages

Capabilities

Questions

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Trojan is uniquely positioned to bring innovative, technology-based solutions to municipalities, industrial enterprises, and consumers to solve their water related and process problems in an environmentally responsible way.

TROJAN FOUNDING PRINCIPLE

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A Global Environmental Business with staff of 650Canada London & Guelph (400)

US Multiple locations (175)

Europe Multiple locations (50)

China Multiple locations (25)

• Over 6,000 municipal UV installations on 6 continents,treating over 26 billion gallons/day, 4M m³/hr

• UV for municipal, industrial, commercial and consumer applications

• Environmental Contamination Treatment UV-H2O2 for removal of micro-pollutants, odour and corrosion control

• Partnerships: Over 200 offices in 90 countries on 6 continents

• Logistics & Manufacturing in Canada, US, Europe and China

• Sales in 2009: US$ 220 M.

TROJAN TODAY

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TROJAN UV COMPANY OVERVIEW

• Over 30 years of UV water treatment experience

• 650+ employees worldwide

• Annual turnover of US$220M in 2009

• Thousands of UV installations in 6 continents

• Worldwide sales & support

• UV pioneers with dedicated R&D resources

• ISO 9001 Certified, CE, DVGW, UL, CSA, NSF

• Business unit of the Danaher Corporation (DHR)

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Microorganisms in drinking and waste water represent a risk to Public Health.

(Giardia) (Cryptosporidium)VirusesBacteria

(E.coli) (Hepatitis, Polio)Protozoa

DISINFECTION WATERBORNE MICROORGANISMS

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UV light at the 254 nm wavelength penetrates the cell wall of the microorganism.

The microorganism is “inactivated” and rendered unable to reproduce or infect.

UV DISINFECTION HOW DOES IT WORK?

UV Energy

DNANucleic Acid

Cell Wall

CytoplasmicMembrane

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Chlorine CT

ChlorineDisinfection

UV Disinfection

Typical Chlorine CT for Giardia

Typical Design UV dose = 40mJ/cm2UV

Do

se

Adenovirus

DualProtection

Giardia

Rotavirus

Poliovirus

Hepatitus ALegionella

E.coli

StreptococcusCrypto

UV AS PART OF MULTI-BARRIER STRATEGY

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WHY UV? ADVANTAGES

• Effective against bacteria, viruses, and protozoan pathogens

• No disinfection by-products formed

• Not affected by pH, temperature

• Easy maintenance and operation

• Environmentally friendly technology

• Economical alternative to other disinfection techs

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CORE BUSINESS DISINFECTION

25,000 GPD to 1.5 MGD 1.5 MGD to 20 MGDDisinfection

Municipal Wastewater

Municipal Drinking Water

Private Potable Water

Industrial Process Water

Industrial Wastewaters

Consumer Drinking Water

Trojan develops, builds, sells and services innovative UV technologies for:

Eg. Bacteria, Viruses, Spores

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CORE BUSINESS ORGANICS DESTRUCTION

25,000 GPD to 1.5 MGD 1.5 MGD to 20 MGDDisinfection

Municipal Wastewater

Municipal Drinking Water

Private Potable Water

Industrial Process Water

Industrial Wastewaters

Consumer Drinking Water

Organics Destruction

Groundwater Remediation

Industrial Process Water

Industrial Wastewater

Eg. Bacteria, Viruses, Protozoa

Eg. Total Oxidizable Carbon (TOC)

Trojan develops, builds, sells and services innovative UV technologies for:

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CORE BUSINESS CHEMICAL DESTRUCTION

25,000 GPD to 1.5 MGD 1.5 MGD to 20 MGDDisinfection

Municipal Wastewater

Municipal Drinking Water

Private Potable Water

Industrial Process Water

Industrial Wastewaters

Consumer Drinking Water

Chemical Destruction

Municipal Wastewater

Municipal Drinking Water

Groundwater Remediation

Industrial Process Water

Industrial Wastewater

Eg. Bacteria, Viruses, Spores

Eg. Pesticides, oils, taste and color,

corrosives medicines, carcinogens…

Trojan develops, builds, sells and services innovative UV technologies for:

Eg. Total Oxidizable Carbon (TOC)

Groundwater Remediation

Industrial Process Water

Industrial Wastewater

Organics Destruction

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UV DESINFECTION SYSTEMS

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UV SYSTEM KEY COMPONENTS

UV Lamps

QuartzSleeves

Reactor Chamber

Sleeve Wiping System

Control Panel withVisual Displays & Alarms

Power Supply (Ballasts)

UV Sensor

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UV disinfection is a physical process

No hazardous or toxic chemicals are used, eliminating public health concerns associated with THMs, HAAs or other carcinogenic by-products

UV inactivates a broad spectrum of pathogens, including Giardia and Cryptosporidium

Inactivation of chlorine-resistant parasites protect downstream recreational waters and surface waters used as a potable water source

UV disinfection takes only seconds to inactivate organisms

Since the contact times are short, the footprint required is minimal and existing chlorine contact tanks can be reused

ADVANTAGES OF UV DISINFECTION

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UV disinfection does not leave a residual disinfectant

No de-chlorination or residual monitoring is required, which greatly reduces operation and maintenance costs

Receiving waters are not negatively impacted and there is no risk of overdosing

UV is an accepted, proven technology in thousands of installations around the world

UV is easily designed by consulting engineers and approved by regulatory bodies, thereby reducing engineering costs and reducing permit approval time

Upgradeable to UV oxidation or photolysis system

Treatment process can be upgraded to treat emerging contaminants, offsetting upgrade costs in the future

ADVANTAGES OF UV DISINFECTION

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ULTRAVIOLET (UV) LIGHT

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• UV light penetrates the cell wall

• The UV energy permanently alters the DNA of the microorganism

• Microorganisms are “inactivated” and unable to reproduce or infect

UV Energy

DNANucleic Acid

Cell Wall

HOW DOES UV WORK?

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A C G T A A AT G C A T T T

CG

GC

A C G T A A AT G C A T T T

CG

GC

UV

DNA Double Strand

Dimerizationof ThymineNucleotides

dimer

DNA

MECHANISM OF UV DISINFECTION

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UV Dose = Intensity x Retention Time (mWs/cm2) (mW/cm2) (seconds)

• Higher dose means greater DNA damage and more bugs are killed

• Different bugs require different doses to achieve same kills (e.g. bacteria vs. viruses)

DEFINITION OF UV DOSE

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Intensity Retention TimeEquipment Parameters

• Lamp Spacing

• Lamp Age

• Sleeve Fouling (iron, calcium, etc)

• Reactor Design

Water Quality Factors (related to upstream process)

• UV Transmittance

• Turbidity

• Solids

• Flow Rate

FACTORS AFFECTING UV DOSE

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• The ability of light to transmit through water

• The ratio of light entering the water to that exiting the water

• Sample length of 1 cm

UV Transmission Scale:

20% - 50%20% - 50% 50% - 70%50% - 70% > 70%> 70%

• Primary Effluent• Blended Effluent • Lagoons• CSO, SSO

• Secondary Effluent• Filtered Effluent • WW Reuse• Fixed Film Effluent

• Post-membrane• High-level reuse• Contaminant destruction

UV TRANSMITTANCE

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UV Lamp

ScatterUV Light

CompletePenetration

Incomplete Penetration limits DNAdamage

ShadeParticles

THE EFFECTS OF PARTICLES

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What is Fouling?

• Accumulation of organic and inorganic material on the quartz surface

• Absorbs UV light and decreases UV dose available for disinfection

• All water fouls submerged surfaces

• Rate of fouling influenced by various site-specific factors (water

quality, hydraulics and velocities,

sleeve surface condition)

QUARTZ SLEEVE FOULING

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• As lamps age the amount of UV output decreases

• UV systems should be designed to deliver the required dose at

the end of lamp life (EOLL) to ensure disinfection is met under

worst case conditions

• EOLL should be independently validated to guarantee the system

meets the disinfection requirements

LAMP AGING

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Parameter DescriptionFlow Rates Peak and Average

Water Quality

UV Transmission (%)

Total Suspended Solids (mg/l)

TSS size and density

Total Iron (mg/l)

Upstream Treatment

Suspended Growth or Fixed Film

Filtration?

Performance Criteria UV Dose or Disinfection Limit

Configuration Footprint or Headloss Limits

Redundancy Regulated or preferred

UV SYSTEM DESIGN CRITERIA

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• As microbes flow through a UV reactor they will all follow a different path

• Some will receive a high dose and some a lower dose

• To account for these differences, “Validated” reactors should be used

• “Validation” involves a full-scale test of the UV system involving live microbes

UV SYSTEM VALIDATION

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Step 1: Develop UV dose response data under controlled laboratory conditions

Collimated Beam

Sample

Stirrer

UV Lamp

Via

ble

Mic

rob

ial P

op

ula

tio

n

101

102

103

105

104

106

Dose

Challenge Organism Dose Response

10 20 30 40 50

Dose Response Curve

BIODOSIMETERY DETERMINATION

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Step 2: Inject test organism into full scale reactor to measure inactivation. Use organism from same culture.

Organisms in (No)

Organismsout (N)

UV Reactor

BIODOSIMETERY DETERMINATION

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Step 3: Determine dose from data in Steps 1 and 2

10 1

10 2

10 3

10 5

10 4

10 6

Dose10 20 30 40 50V

iabl

e M

icro

bial

Pop

ulat

ion

Challenge Organism Dose Response

Inactivation of test organism inreactor

UV Dose equivalent delivered

by the reactor

BIODOSIMETERY DETERMINATION

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GERMICIDAL UV LAMPS

33UVC UVB

10080

60

40

20

10

86

4

2

200 220 240

254 nm

280 300 nm

RE

LA

TIV

E U

NIT

S

MP lamp spectrum

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DNA Damage

LP lamp spectrum

UV LIGHT AND ABSORBANCE

EColi inactivation

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QUESTIONS?

Thank you for your co-operation and attention.

QUESTIONS?