1 chapter 2 psychosocial health: achieving mental, emotional, social, and spiritual wellness part 1...
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Chapter 2Chapter 2
Psychosocial Health: Achieving Mental, Emotional, Social, and
Spiritual Wellness
Part 1 Finding the Right BalancePart 1 Finding the Right Balance
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Psychosocial Psychosocial Dimensions OfDimensions OfHealthHealth
INTELLECTUAL (thinking)
EMOTIONAL (feeling)
SOCIAL (relationships)
SPIRITUAL (being)
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Psychosocial HealthHow we face life’s up and
downsChallengesDisappointments Joys frustrationsPainComplex interactionBetween a person’s history
and conscious & unconscious thoughts + interpretations of the past
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Resiliency CharacteristicsPS HealthFeel good about
themselvesFeel comfortable with
peopleControl tension &
stressMeet the demands of
lifeCurb hate & guilt
Positive outlookEnrich the lives of
othersCherish things that
make them smileValue diversityAppreciate nature
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INTELLECTUAL HEALTHINTELLECTUAL HEALTHThe Thinking You
The ability toThe ability to: reason / interpret / remember sense / perceive / evaluate solve problems / sort through clutter
of life
Positive / negative developmentPositive / negative developmentdevelop healthy attitudes & beliefs -
body, family, relationships, and life learn, understand, appreciatedifferences / contradictions
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EMOTIONAL HEALTHEMOTIONAL HEALTHIntense FEELINGS / SUBJECTIVE
Minute to minuteMinute to minute
Day to dayDay to dayLovingLovingCaringCaringHatingHatingHurtHurtDespairDespairReleaseRelease
JoyJoyAnxietyAnxietyFearFearFrustrationFrustrationAngerAnger
The emotional The emotional experienceexperience
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Lazarus - Four Basic TypesLazarus - Four Basic TypesEMOTIONSEMOTIONS
Emotions from harm, Emotions from harm, loss or threatsloss or threats
From benefitsFrom benefitsBorderline - hope and Borderline - hope and
compassioncompassionComplex - grief, Complex - grief,
disappointment, disappointment, bewilderment and bewilderment and curiositycuriosity
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EMOTIONAL RESPONSESEMOTIONAL RESPONSES(Non Life-threatening) (Non Life-threatening)
HEALTH vs. UNHEALTHYHEALTH vs. UNHEALTHY
Healthy:Healthy:StableAppropriateNon-extreme Behave consistentlyAdopt an offensive
attack mode
Unhealthy:Unhealthy:Feelings overpowerHighly volatileUnpredictable emotional
outburstsFrightening responsesVerbal / physical violence
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Emotions & Social InteractionsEmotions & Social Interactions
DisplayDisplayHostilityHostilityWithdrawnWithdrawnMood Mood
fluctuationsfluctuationsGrumpyGrumpyNastyNastyHurtfulHurtful Get Help!!!!Get Help!!!!
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SOCIAL HEALTHSOCIAL HEALTHInteractions With OthersInteractions With Others
Achievement and Maintenance of HealthAchievement and Maintenance of Health
Social bondsSocial bondsProvide intimacyProvide intimacyBelonging / integrationBelonging / integrationGive / receive nurturanceGive / receive nurturanceProvide reassurance of worthProvide reassurance of worthAssistance & guidanceAssistance & guidanceProviding adviceProviding adviceFeel connected to life & liveFeel connected to life & live
Unconditional Unconditional Love?Love?
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Social SupportSocial SupportExpressive SupportExpressive SupportEmotional Support /
Encouragement
Structural SupportStructural Support Housing / MoneyChildren - Families
Expressive & StructuralExpressive & Structural Adults - Develop Own
Social network - Friends /Social network - Friends /
FamilyFamily
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Prejudice Cults & Social HealthPrejudice Cults & Social Health
Extreme groups / Extreme groups / belonging + supportbelonging + support
CultsCultsElements / social Elements / social
healthhealthNegative Negative
representationrepresentationAggressive Aggressive HateHateBiasBias
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Spiritual HealthDifficult-to-describe Element That Gives Zest For LifeDifficult-to-describe Element That Gives Zest For Life
A unifying force that gives propose or meaning to life
Nature, family, religion, communityEgocentric / self orientatedClothing, car, home, possessionsWestern civilization denies spiritual until later in
lifeDeath, failed relationships, Midlife crisis - sense of spiritual bankruptcyWhat if i die tomorrow
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Factors Influencing Psychosocial Health
easy to defineeasy to define
difficult to assessdifficult to assessPsychosocially wellVirtually all the timeSome of the timeAlmost never
External influencesFamily - adjustmentsDysfunctional familiesGreater environmentWhere you liveEducationAccess to health
services
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External InfluencesFamily SituationsFamily Situationshealthy / supportive /nurturing /
happiness
OR!OR!violence / sexual, physical,
emotional abuse / distrust / anger / dietary deprivation
Dysfunctional families
Greater EnvironmentGreater EnvironmentWhere you live / safety /
stressors / threatsEducation / Lifestyle Access to health services
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Internal InfluencesInternal InfluencesHereditary traitsHormonal functioningPhysical health status
Formative yearsFormative yearsschool, sports, self
perception, job,
relationshipsPersonal worthSelf Esteem
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SELF PERCEPTIONBelieving in Yourself
Self - efficacySelf - efficacy
Personal controlPersonal control
Learned Learned helplessnesshelplessness
Belief in your ability to perform a task successfully
Internal resources allow you to control a situation
Past failures influence what you do now - ‘I give up’ / ‘why bother’
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Personality & Freud
IdId
EgoEgo
SuperegoSuperego
Unconscious desire for immediate gratification
wants and needs- disregards laws / society / others
Personality forces that restrain the IdId - Satisfy the IdId in socially acceptable ways
Personality forces that act as our conscious
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Psychology…Psychology…
Behavioral Behavioral psychologypsychology
Developmental Developmental psychologypsychology
Humanistic Humanistic psychologypsychology
B.F. Skinner - all behavior learned by reward and punishment
Right Vs. WrongRight Vs. Wrong
Personality +development of emotional health successful completion of tasks at various agestasks at various ages
Emotional well being based on hierarchy of hierarchy of needsneeds
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Life Span and MaturityPersonality Personality
impossible to defineimpossible to defineDynamicDynamicTemperaments Temperaments
change as we growchange as we growEarly development Early development
or lack can influence or lack can influence our livesour lives
Self-esteem - Self-esteem - sense of sense of self, respect & self, respect & confidenceconfidence
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Developing and Maintaining Developing and Maintaining Self-EsteemSelf-Esteem
Perception from othersPerception from others Internalized / realized/ Internalized / realized/
demonstrateddemonstrated Strength training for Strength training for
self-esteemself-esteem Find A support group Find A support group
peers who: share values, peers who: share values, goals, positive, honestgoals, positive, honest
Help you develop as a Help you develop as a personperson
Learn To See YourselfLearn To See Yourself
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Self-Esteem.., continuedSelf-Esteem.., continuedForming realistic
expectations life is not all Or
nothingTaking and making
time for yourselfMaintaining physical
healthExamining problems
and seeking help (if required)
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Getting Adequate Amounts of Rest fix worries or grieffix worries or grief
alcohol or smokingalcohol or smoking avoid heavy mealsavoid heavy meals reduce caffeine reduce caffeine avoid daytime napsavoid daytime naps spend an hour restingspend an hour resting
before trying to sleepbefore trying to sleep don’t worry about sleepdon’t worry about sleep clocks / out of direct sightclocks / out of direct sight sleep at regular schedulessleep at regular schedules
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When Thing Go WrongWhen Thing Go Wrong Depression……………….Endogenous - biochemical
disorder (neurotransmitter)Exogenous - external cause Symptoms Similar:
sadness
joyless
loss of interest - work / school
fatigue
hopelessness / worthlessness
sleeplessness
Facts & Fallacies Real Depression not a
natural reaction to crisis and loss
People will not ‘snap out’ of depression with a little will power - leading cause of suicide
Frequent crying not related to depression
Depression is not “all in the mind”
Genetic predisposition many causes many treatments
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Depression…… continuedFacts & FallaciesFacts & FallaciesReal Depression not a natural reaction Real Depression not a natural reaction
to crisis and lossto crisis and lossPeople will not ‘snap out’ of depression People will not ‘snap out’ of depression
with a little will power - leading cause with a little will power - leading cause of suicideof suicide
Frequent crying not related to Frequent crying not related to depressiondepression
Depression is not “all in the mind”Depression is not “all in the mind”Genetic predispositionGenetic predispositionmany causesmany causesmany treatmentsmany treatments
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Treating Depression
PsychotherapeuticPsychotherapeuticsocial & interpersonal cognitive - view life
rationally / less pessimistic
6 to 8 months & interpersonal therapy -
correct chronic human relationship problems
PharmacologicalPharmacological relieve symptoms - sleep &
appetite
Antidepressant drugs - 80%
Electroconvulsive therapy
shock treatment
every 5 seconds for 15 to 20
minutes
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Other DisordersOther Disorders………...………...
ObsessiveObsessive
compulsivecompulsive
disorderdisorder
- a disorder a disorder characterized by characterized by obsessive thoughts or obsessive thoughts or habitual behavior habitual behavior that can not be that can not be controlledcontrolled
cleanliness - washing cleanliness - washing hand 20 times before hand 20 times before eatingeating
pulling out hairpulling out hair self mutilationself mutilation causes are unclear causes are unclear avoiding deeper avoiding deeper
problemsproblems lack of neurotransmitter lack of neurotransmitter
serotonin ( emotion + serotonin ( emotion + motivation)motivation)
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Anxiety DisordersAnxiety Disorders
Disorders characterized by persistent feeling of anxiety in coping with everyday problems of living……..,
fatigue, back pains, headaches, unreality,
weakness in legs, and losing control.
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Phobias and othersPhobias and othersPhobias: Phobias: A deep and persistent A deep and persistent
fear of a specific object, activity, fear of a specific object, activity, situationsituation
spiders, flying, heights, public spiders, flying, heights, public speaking, eating in public places speaking, eating in public places
Panic Attacks:Panic Attacks:Disabling TerrorDisabling Terror breathing, heart rate, sweating, breathing, heart rate, sweating,
shaking, choking, tremblingshaking, choking, trembling Heart AttackHeart Attack Biochemical imbalanceBiochemical imbalance
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Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)Light Therapy - Mimics SunlightLight Therapy - Mimics Sunlight
A Type of DepressionA Type of Depression
““the winter blues”the winter blues”reduced sunlight
irritability, apathy, CHO craving,
weight gain, more sleep & sadness.
Hypothalamus functionHypothalamus function
external stimuli
response regulator
women 4X more than men
ages 20 to 40
Canadians at high risk
Latitude matters………………
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Suicide: Giving Up On LifeSuicide: Giving Up On LifeA Cry for Help, Gone WrongA Cry for Help, Gone Wrong
3,500 each year3,500 each yearUniversity StudentsUniversity Students poor coping skillspoor coping skills lack of social supportlack of social support low self-esteemlow self-esteem perspective of negative perspective of negative
situationsituationwomen attempt 4X the women attempt 4X the
rate of menrate of menmen are 3X more men are 3X more
successfulsuccessful
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Suicide……….. Continued...Risk FactorsRisk Factors family historyfamily history previous attemptsprevious attempts drug / alcohol drug / alcohol
depression…...depression…... financial financial loss of loved oneloss of loved one death or rejectiondeath or rejection
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Warning Signals of Suicide
I can’t take it I can’t take it anymoreanymore
I might as well end itI might as well end it soon the pain will be soon the pain will be
overover giving away prized giving away prized
possessionspossessions loss of interestloss of interest personality changepersonality change risk takingrisk taking personal appearancepersonal appearance drug / alcohol usedrug / alcohol use
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Suicide……. Continued!Suicide……. Continued!monitor warning signalsmonitor warning signals take threats seriouslytake threats seriously tell them you care & are there tell them you care & are there
for themfor them listenlisten ask directlyask directly don’t challenge the attemptdon’t challenge the attempt alternativesalternatives get help / remove pills / guns get help / remove pills / guns
etc……..etc…….. tell family memberstell family members
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When do I need help????
I think I need itI think I need itmood swingsmood swings problems effect daily lifeproblems effect daily lifewithdrawnwithdrawn hallucinationshallucinations life - worth living?life - worth living? Inadequate / worthlessInadequate / worthless emotional response & emotional response &
situation don’t matchsituation don’t match crises crises Can’t get act togetherCan’t get act together
suicidalsuicidal
drugs/alcohol usedrugs/alcohol use
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Seeking Professional Help!Seeking Professional Help!Psychiatrist:Psychiatrist: Licensed Physician
specialists mental / emotional disordersPsychoanalyst:Psychoanalyst: reveals past traumas
blocking personal growthClinical /Psychiatric Social worker: Clinical /Psychiatric Social worker:
Mater’s Degree, work in clinical settings/ sometimes insured by employee assistance programs
CounsellorCounsellor: Wide variety of services, academic - family, relationship, self-esteem, behaviours……
AnyoneAnyone can have the title of Counsellor- so check them out!