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I C E SI C E S

The International Council for The International Council for

the Exploration of the Seathe Exploration of the Sea

http://www.ices.dk/aboutus/structure.asp

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The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea was founded in the year 1902 and is the oldest inter-governmental body in fisheries management. The founder countries were Denmark, Netherlands, Norway and Sweden, and the first statutory meeting was held in Copenhagen 22 July 1902. The current 20 member countries are all coastal states of the North Atlantic:

Belgium, Canada, Denmark (including Greenland and Faroe Islands), Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America.

The current (2008) Norwegian delegates are:Peter Gullestad, Norwegian Directorate of FisheriesTore Nepstad, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen.

The current chairman of the Consultative Committee is:Harald Loeng, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen.

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ICES (http://www.ices.dk/indexfla.asp)

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Map of ICES areas in the NorthAtlantic.

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[ http://www.ices.dk/aboutus/structure.asp ]

ICES structure and work form

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How ICES works

The WGs (Working Groups or Expert Groups) are at the lowest level in the ICES structure, but it is the WGs that contain the scientific experts in various fields. The members of each WG are appointed by the national delegates, or by the WG Chairpersons themselves. The Chairpersons are appointed by the "Mother Committe" of the WG (i.e. the Scientific Committee under which the WG serves).

There are currently 8 Scientific committees, and a varying number of WGs in each of them. The number of experts in each WG differs, and may count 10-50 persons. Thus, the number of experts counts more than 1600 persons from 200 marine institutions in the member countries. For each year, each WG gets a set of tasks (Terms of Reference – ToR) from its Mother Committee (its Scientific Committee), and may define a set of their own as well. During the year up to the Annual Science Conference, the WGs treat their ToR by communication as well as in an annual WG meeting at some institution in the member countries. Each WG then compiles a WG Report which is sent to the Mother Committe. At the Statutory Meeting the WG Report is reviewed and discussed in plenary in the Mother Committee, and Recommendations to ICES for each ToR are made and communicated upwards in the system. In turn, the delegates may put the recommendations into practice in their home countries. A typical ToR for "The genetic working group" could be: "Review current knowledge on the genetic introgression from farmed to wild salmon stocks, and make recommendations on how to avoid or restrict such introgression".

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ICES organization structure

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The Science Committees

There are currently 8 Science Committees:

1) Fisheries Technology

2) Oceanography

3) Resource Management

4) Marine Habitat

5) Mariculture

6) Living Resources

7) Baltic

8) Diadromous Fish Committee

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1) Fisheries TechnologyArea of responsibility is to coordinate and evaluate developments in resource detection, quantification and harvesting. This includes: fishing effort, gear selectivity, behavioural responses of fish, effects of fishing activity on habitat, developments in measurement methods and survey techniques, the design and operation of fishing vessels and fishing gears. 2) OceanographyArea of responsibility is physical, chemical, and pelagic biological oceanography, especially in relation to the processes relevant to living marine resources and environmental quality.3) Resource Management Aims to provide a bridge between fisheries and environmental issues and science and management. Includes assessing the status of exploited marine resources.4) Marine Habitat Area of responsibility is the quantity, quality and functional value of the living resources of the marine habitat. This includes studying marine biodiversity and investigating the effects of human activities/impacts, such as coastal development, fishing or contaminants, on the marine habitat and its dependent living resources. 5) MaricultureArea of responsibility is biological, ecological and engineering aspects of mariculture systems. Includes effects of humans on mariculture systems and the effects of mariculture on marine habitats. Also covers scientific aspects of stock enhancement, and the transport and introduction of non-indigenous species and stocks. 6) Living ResourcesArea of responsibility is biology and ecology of living marine resources. Topics covered include taxonomy, genetics, behaviour and migration, trophic relationships, distribution, abundance, and population dynamics. 7) Baltic Area of responsibility includes; the effects of human activities on the ecosystem, links between environmental quality and living resources, integration of environmental and fisheries issues, and coastal zone management and development. 8) Diadromous Fish CommitteeAims to be a forum for the exchange of views on conservation, restoration, and management of diadromous fish species. It also serves to stimulate international scientific co-operation on diadromous fish issues, and recommends Terms of Reference for and review reports from Expert Groups (or, when necessary, the establishment of such groups), theme sessions or symposia on scientific issues concerning diadromous fish, including resource management.

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The ICES Mariculture CommitteThe ICES Mariculture Committe currently has 6 Working Groups:

1. WGAGFM: Working Group on Application of Genetics in Fisheries and Mariculture

2. WGEIM: Working Group on Environmental Interactions of Mariculture

3. WGMAFC: Working Group on Marine Fish Culture

4. WGMAFW: Working Group on Marine Fish Welfare

5. WGMASC: Working Group on Marine Shellfish Culture 6. WGPDMO: Working Group on Pathology and Diseases of Marine Organisms

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WGAGFMWGAGFM Working Group on Application of Genetics in Fisheries and MaricultureWorking Group on Application of Genetics in Fisheries and Mariculture

WGAGFM Terms of Reference for 2007 (Work tasks in 2007)[ Word Document ]

Annual Science Conference in Helsinki, Finland,17-21 September 2007)[ http://www.ices.dk/iceswork/asc/2007/index.asp ]

WGAGFM meeting 2007 (held 19–23 March 2007 in Ispra, Italy[ PDF document of results from ToR treatment ]

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SEPARATION PAGE

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Norwegian fisheries management:

The Directorate of Fisheries

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Directorate of Fisheries organization chart

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The Directorate of Fisheries

"the outer bodies"(local offices)

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