1 bc generation overview central asia delegation 30 january 2013 doug robinson canadian entity...
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BC Generation OverviewCentral Asia Delegation
30 January 2013
Doug RobinsonCanadian Entity SecretaryBC Hydro - Generation
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System Reservoirs
Williston (Peace River):• 18,600 GWh Water License
storage (historic min at 5,700 GWh)
• Top foot: 270 GWh of energy
Kinbasket (Columbia River):• 10,400 GWh Water License
storage (historic min at 700 GWh)
• Top foot: 100 GWh of energy
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• 3500 MW capacity (4400 MW with Site-C)
• 17 000 GWh average energy (22 000 GWh with Site-C)
• Multi-year storage• Constrained by
downstream winter ice restrictions
• Provides approximately 30% of BC Hydro’s energy resources
Generation Resources - Peace
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• Kinbasket Reservoir, Mica and Revelstoke GS, Arrow Lakes Reservoir
• 4300 MW capacity• Net 15,500 GWh average
energy• Multi-year storage• Constrained by rules of
Columbia River Treaty and Non-Treaty Storage Agr.
• Provides about 27% of BC Hydro’s energy resources
Generation Resources – Mainstem Columbia
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• South Interior, Bridge, Coastal, & Vancouver Island facilities
• 1600 MW capacity• 7000 GWh average energy• Hourly to seasonal storage• Constrained by flood
control, fisheries, recreation, and industrial requirements
• Provides 13% of BC Hydro’s energy resources
Generation Resources – Small Hydro
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• Burrard Thermal Single-cycle gas-
fired steam turbine 910 MW (6 units)
nominal capacity Now used only for
emergency capacity
• Island Cogen Combined-cycle gas-
fired turbine Contract IPP 275 MW capacity Vancouver Island
Generation Resources – Thermal
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• Alcan Long-Term Energy Purchase Agreement
• Entitlement Re-purchase Agreements (Arrow Lks Hydro, Brilliant Expansion)
• Independent Power Producers
• Increasing proportion of
BC energy supply• Provided ~ 20% of BC
Hydro’s energy resources in F2011 (including ICG, Alcan, etc)
Generation Resources – IPPs
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Co-ordination Agreements
• Columbia River Treaty Approximately $200M in annual Downstream Benefits
• Non-Treaty Storage Agreement
• Canal Plant Agreement Estimated $40-50M in annual Benefits
• Keenleyside Entitlement Agreement
• Alcan Long-Term Purchase Agreement and Co-ordination
• Skagit Treaty
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• BC Hydro, via Powerex, buys and sells energy in liquid markets at 3 regional trading hubs US Mid-C (Pacific NW) Alberta Power Pool (hourly) California Power Pool
• Mid-C index price is often used as a contract benchmark
• Daily division into two periods: Heavy Load Hours (HLH) and Light Load Hours (LLH) … with hourly prices in the Alberta Pool.
Generation Resources – Markets
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•77%
•8%
•2% •3%•5%
•5%
Fiscal 2014 / 2015
BC Hydro’s Resource Mix: Capacity
Hydro
Thermal
Green & Clean
Powersmart
VIFCT Call TBD
New Resource AdditionsTBD
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BC Hydro Facilities
BC Hydro FacilitiesRanked by Installed Capacity
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Hugh Ke
enleys
ide
Dunca
n
Alou
ette
Punt
ledg
e
La Jo
ieAs
h
Clow
hom
Lado
re
Seto
n
Wha
tsha
n
Wah
leac
h
Stra
thco
na
Bunt
zen
Stav
e Fa
lls
Rusk
in
John
Har
t
Chea
kamus
Jord
an R
iver
Bridge
River
Koot
enay
Can
al
Peac
e Ca
nyon
Seve
n Mile
Site
-CMica
Reve
lstok
e
G.M. S
hrum
Inst
alled C
apaci
ty (
MW
)
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BC Hydro Facilities
BC Hydro FacilitiesRanked by Reservoir Storage Volume
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
John
Har
t
Peac
e Ca
nyon
Jord
an R
iver
Rusk
in
Chea
kamus
Clow
hom
Seve
n Mile
Site
-C
Wah
leac
hAs
h
Punt
ledg
e
Wha
tsha
n
Seto
n
Alou
ette
Reve
lstok
e
Bunt
zen
Lado
re
Stav
e Fa
lls
La Jo
ie
Stra
thco
na
Bridge
River
Koot
enay
Can
al
Dunca
n
Hugh Ke
enleys
ide
Mica
G.M. S
hrum
Rese
rvoir
Sto
rage (
kcm
sd)
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BC Hydro Facilities
BC Hydro FacilitiesRanked by Annual Average Energy Production
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Dunca
n
Hugh Ke
enleys
ide
Alou
ette
Wha
tsha
n
Clow
hom
Bunt
zen
Punt
ledg
e
La Jo
ieAs
h
Stra
thco
na
Jord
an R
iver
Lado
re
Wah
leac
h
Seto
n
Stav
e Fa
lls
Rusk
in
Chea
kamus
John
Har
t
Bridge
River
Koot
enay
Can
al
Peac
e Ca
nyon
Seve
n Mile
Site
-CMica
Reve
lstok
e
G.M. S
hrum
Annual Energ
y Pro
duct
ion (
Gw
h)
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BC Hydro Facilities
BC Hydro FacilitiesRanked by Average Annual Inflow
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Wah
leac
h
Wha
tsha
n
Jord
an R
iver
Ash
Alou
ette
Bunt
zen
Punt
ledg
e
Clow
hom
La Jo
ie
Chea
kamus
Stra
thco
na
Bridge
River
John
Har
t
Lado
re
Dunca
n
Seto
n
Stav
e Fa
lls
Rusk
in
Koot
enay
Can
alMica
Reve
lstok
e
Seve
n Mile
G.M. S
hrum
Peac
e Ca
nyon
Hugh Ke
enleys
ide
Site
-C
Avera
ge A
nnual In
flow
(cm
s)
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Annual Inflow Volumes Vary
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BC Hydro Climate & Streamflow Networks
- BC Hydro operates about 150 climate and streamflow stations and 65 snow survey stations- Annual cost of C$ 1 million- Supports runoff forecasting as well as regulatory & environmental compliance checking
Remote Climate Station with Snowpillow
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Operational Objectives
• “Keeping the lights on” at least cost
• Flood protection
• Maintenance requirements … can be longer-term issues
• Non-power constraints (may be regulatory & water licence) Minimum fish flow requirements Recreation water-level requirements Heritage site protection Industrial needs Water Use Planning has helped to better define
these requirements
• Peace River Ice flow constraints
• Columbia River Treaty constraints
• Possible limits on spending within a fiscal year
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0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
11,000
12,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
ly E
ner
gy
(GW
h)
Total System Inflow toHydro Reservoirs
Domestic Load +Entitlement Obligations
LOAD
INFLOWS
Benefits of System Storage
System storage allows BC Hydro to reshape inflows in excess of the load into future periods when inflows are less than the load
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Historic System Storage Energy Content (Williston + Kinbasket)
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
Sys
tem
Sto
rage (
GW
h)
Historic Envelope
FY79-88 Historic Average
FY01-10 Historic Average
Source: Historic System Storage.xls (jdb\data)
Historic Minimum6900 GWh
Historic Maximum29000 GWh
Annual Cycle of System Storage
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WATER USE PLANNING PROCESS (2000 to 2005)
Provincial Direction (1994) to initiate WUP, and address: • Incremental Loss in Operational Flexibility• Risk Adverse Constraints by Federal (& Provincial) Fisheries • Provincial License Audit • NAFTA Challenge • Civil Lawsuits• Loss of Provincial Control over a Provincial Asset• Market Opportunities
Water Use Planning engaged public stakeholders, Provincial and Federal agencies, and First Nations in reviewing water management.
The process explored incremental changes to operations to better address economic, social, and environmental interests.
Process based on trade-offs using structured decision making. Inherent tension between non power or consumptive use vs energy
generation.
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WATER USE PLANNING: SCOPE Structured decision making and trade offs were limited to:
• Dam Safety requirements;• Incremental operational changes to diversion and flow at the
facilities;• Operational changes based on capabilities of existing facility
works;• Footprint issues (e.g. original dam construction and reservoir
formation) were considered outside the scope of Water Use Planning;
Program Scope Limited to an overall $50 million system cap; and Individual projects limited to $ Water Rental Fees paid for that
project.
Limits were fundamental in reaching consensus decisions.
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Examples: WUP Interests & Performance Measures
Fisheries Interests
• Effective Littoral Zone • Habitat Area• Spawning Success• Hydrograph Shape• Total Gas Pressure • Thermal Budget • Fish Entrainment• Tributary Access• Fish Stranding• Cottonwood Recruitment
Hydroelectric Interests
• Value of Energy• Green House Gases• Plant Availability
Recreation Interests
•Surfing•River Recreation Days•Reservoir Recreation Days•Log Haul Costs•Kayak Flows
Social Interests
•Dust Control Measures•Debris Migration•Heritage Site Erosion•Industry Outage Days•Water Supply Efficacy•Flood Days•Mosquito Breeding Success
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WATER USE PLANNING: Process Outcomes
WUP engagement for the BC Hydro fleet completed 1998 to 2004:
• ~$20 million information and planning process
Recommendations summarized in a Water Use Plan (WUP).
The WUP contains three components:
• Incremental changes (750+) to diversion and reservoir management;
• Physical works in lieu of an operational changes; and
• Monitoring studies to affirm decisions.
WUP becomes regulatory requirement via Water Act Order:
• BC Hydro has received Orders for 22 of 23 WUPs.