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1. Background and purpose of PC
2. Structure of Code
3. Challenges
4. Improvement plan
5. Conclusion
I N D E X
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9300 Miles
30 Days 20 Days
12500 Miles 9300 Miles 12500 Miles
30 Days 20 Days
Background and purpose
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9300 Miles 12500 Miles
30 Days 20 Days
Background and purpose
The shipping community
is fast jumping on the
possibility of saving huge
amounts of money on fuel
and time by utilizing these
new routes.
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Background and purpose
Marine
Accident Pollution
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2010 2011 2012 2013
Popularity of Northern Sea Route
The number of vessel
Source: NORTHERN SEA ROUTE INFORMATION OFFICE
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Background and purpose
warms the Earth by absorbing sunlight and heating the atmosphere
and by reducing albedo when deposited on snow and ice and
indirectly by interaction with clouds.
Black Carbon(BC)
Drafting and submitting an information paper to IMO
*Albedo: the ratio of the intensity of light from an object.
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Structure of Code
INTRODUCTION
PART I: SAFETY MEASURE
PART II: POLLUTION
PREVENTION
INTRODUCTION
PART I: SAFETY MEASURE
PART II: POLLUTION
PREVENTION
INTRODUCTION
PART I: SAFETY MEASURE
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Structure of Code
PART I: SAFETY MEASURE
PART II: POLLUTION
PREVENTION
INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION
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Structure of Code
PART I: SAFETY MEASURE
PART II: POLLUTION
PREVENTION
I-A: Mandatory Provision
II-A: Mandatory Provision
I-B: Recommendations
II-B: Recommendations
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Structure of Code
II-A: Mandatory Provision
II-B: Recommendations
POLLUTION PREVENTION
MEASURES
ADDITION GUIDANCE
TO PART II-A
International Code for
Ships Operating
in Polar Waters
International Code for
Ships Operating
in Polar Waters
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Challenges
Black Carbon (Soot)
• light-absorbing carbonaceous
material emitted as solid
particulate matter (PM)
• formed by the incomplete
combustion of fossil fuels,
biofuels, and biomass
• the most effective PM and
one of the major causes of
global warming
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Challenges
0
2
4
6
8
January
Febura
ry
Marc
h
Apirl
May
June
July
August
Septe
mber
Oct
ober
Nove
mber
Dece
mber
BC emissions –
Arctic monthly(mt)
BC emissions - Arctic monthly(mt)
Source: DNV. 2013
BC concentration from shipping
above 50° in August
Mid-July to Mid-October: Open Water Period
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Challenges
1. DIRECT EFFECT
2. INDIRECT EFFECT
3. SNOW ICE
ALBEDO EFFECT
1. DIRECT EFFECT
2. INDIRECT EFFECT
3. SNOW ICE
ALBEDO EFFECT
1. DIRECT EFFECT
2. INDIRECT EFFECT
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Challenges
1. DIRECT EFFECT
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Black carbon absorbs the light from the sun
and radiates it back to (the) atmosphere
so warming the surrounding atmosphere
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Challenges
2. INDIRECT EFFECT
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Absorption of sunlight by low clouds
Reduces the vertical mixing of moisture to the cold
base
Thinning the clouds to increase the solar energy
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Challenges
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Soot deposition increases melting of ice masses.
Reduced snow albedo increase surface temperature.
The increased surface temperature would decrease the
snow cover.
3. SNOW ICE
ALBEDO EFFECT
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Improvement plan
1. Install Diesel Particulate Filters(DPFs)
2. Slow steaming with De-rating
3. Including the arctic area as ECA
(Emission Control Areas)
SPEED
LIMIT
ECA
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Improvement plan
DIESEL
PARTICULATE
MATTER SOOT
REMOVE 80% OR MORE OF THE SOOT
16 Source: BLG 17/INF.7, 2012
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Improvement plan
•DPF system installed
on the diesel engine
on an MOL operated
ocean-going vessel.
• This is the world's
first application of
the self-cleaning DPF
on an ocean-going
ship.
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•manufacturing and
supplying DPF
considering the size of the
engine rooms and the
kind of ships
•provides 24/7 after-sales
service to ships on
European Ports
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Improvement plan
Exhaust Gas
: Re-Generating
Diesel
Particulate
Filter
Re-generating
Cycle Filter Unit
18 Source: MOL Newsletter, 2012.02
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Improvement plan
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Slow Steaming with De-Rating
“Low load operation”
reduction of vessel speed in order to cut fuel consumption.
Without
De-rating With
De-rating
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Improvement plan
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De-Rating
Adjustment to the engine combustion process
in order to increase fuel efficiency.
Specific
Fuel
Consumption
RPM 100% 80%
Difference between
With & Without De-Rating
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Improvement plan
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ECA
Emission Control Area
MARPOL ANNEX VI – Reg. 14
Sulphur Oxides (SOx) and Particulate Matter
4.5 4.5
3.5 3.5
0.5
1.5
1 1
0.1 0.1 0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
2008 2010 2012 2015 2020
Su
lph
ur(
%)
Global ECA
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Conclusion
PART II-A
POLLUTION PREVENTION MEASURES
CHAPTER 6 – PREVENTION AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPS
1.1 Definition
1.1.1 DPFs(Diesel particulate filters) means a device designed to remove
diesel particulate matter or soot from exhaust gas of a diesel engine.
1.1.2 Ships constructed means ships the keels of which are laid or which are at
a similar stage of construction.
1.1.3 "Existing ship" means a ship which is not a new ship.
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Conclusion
PART II-A
POLLUTION PREVENTION MEASURES
CHAPTER 6 – PREVENTION AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPS
1.2 Structural requirements
1.2.1 For category A, B and C ships constructed on or after 1 January 2017,
DPFs shall be installed on board.
1.2.2 DPFs shall be installed on all ships of category A, B and C constructed
before 1 January 2017 by the date of the first scheduled dry-docking after 1
January 2017, but not later than 1 January 2020.
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Conclusion
PART II-B
ADDITIONAL GUIDANCE REGARDING THE PROVISIONS OF THE
INTRODUCTION AND PART II-A
4 Additional guidance to chapter 6
4.1 Definition
4.1.1 Slow steaming means reduction of vessel speed in order to cut fuel
consumption.
4.1.2 De-rating means decrease engine load in order to decrease specific fuel
oil consumption.
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Conclusion
PART II-B
ADDITIONAL GUIDANCE REGARDING THE PROVISIONS OF THE
INTRODUCTION AND PART II-A
4 Additional guidance to chapter 6
4.2 Ships are encouraged to implement slow steaming when operating
in Arctic waters.
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Conclusion
MARPOL ANNEX VI- CHAPTER III
Regulation 14
Sulphur Oxides (SOx) and Particulate Matter
3. For the purpose of this regulation, emission control areas shall include:
.3 the United States Caribbean Sea area as described by the coordinates provided
in Appendix VII to this Annex;
.4 Arctic Area as described by the coordinates provided in Annex I, regulations
46.2; and
.5 any other sea area, including any port area, designated by the Organization in
accordance with the criteria and procedures set forth in Appendix III to this Annex.
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Conclusion
MARPOL ANNEX VI- CHAPTER III
Relation 14
Sulphur Oxides (SOx) and Particulate Matter
4. While ships are operating within an Emission Control Area, the sulfur content of fuel
oil used on board ships shall not exceed the following limits:
.1 1.50% m/m prior to 1 July 2010;
.2 1.00% m/m on and after 1 July 2010; and
.3 0.10% m/m on and after 1 January 2015.
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