1 atm principle
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Huawei Confidential. All Rights Reserved
ORE002101 ATM Princile
!""#E 1.0
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ReferencesReferences
!T#$T (http://www.itu.int/)
ATM %oru& (http://www.atmforum.com/)
!ET% (http://www.ietf.org/)
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O'(ectivesO'(ectives
Upon completion this course, you will be
able to:
#nderstand the ATM cells )escri'e the ATM connection and
switching
*now the service t+es of ATM
#nderstand the features of a ATM
networ,.
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Chapter 1 ATM OverviewChapter 1 ATM Overview
Chater 2 -asic of ATMChater 2 -asic of ATM
Chater ATM %eaturesChater ATM %eatures
Chater / ATM Protocol "tac,sChater / ATM Protocol "tac,s
Chater ATM "ervicesChater ATM "ervices
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!Asynchronous Transfer Mo"e
!#eploy fi$e"%length cell for transmission
!&ro'i"es a high%spee" an" low "elay networ
!upport all types of traffic
hat is ATMhat is ATM
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ATM3!esta'lish a 4CC rior to trans&ission
!fi5ed$length cell 6/7 '+tes data 8 '+tes header9
!faster switching caa'ilit+ with least errors and :ualit+ assura
The differences 'etween ATM and otherThe differences 'etween ATM and other
technologiestechnologies
Circuit "witched ;etwor, Pac,et "witched ;etwor,
+onnection%oriente"/reliablecommunication
+onnectionless/unreliablecommunication
#e"icate" circuit path &ath is 'aries an" "epen"s on
a'ailability, an" lin con"itions
ess o'erhea" -ore control information reuire"in the hea"er
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)etup
)etup
)etup
)etup
Connectionless Connection$oriented
Connectionless < Connection$Oriented ;etwor,Connectionless < Connection$Oriented ;etwor,
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Chater 1 ATM OverviewChater 1 ATM Overview
Chapter 2 Basic of ATMChapter 2 Basic of ATM
Chater ATM %eaturesChater ATM %eatures
Chater / ATM Protocol "tac,sChater / ATM Protocol "tac,s
Chater ATM "ervicesChater ATM "ervices
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=%C3 =eneric flow control
PT3 Pa+load t+e
C>P3Cell lose riorit+
HEC3Header error control
4P!3 4irtual ath identifier
4C!34irtual channel
identifier
ATM#;! cells ATM ;;!cells
/7'+te a+load
=%C
6/9
4P!
6/9
4C!
679
PT 69 C>P 619
HEC 679
4C! 6/9
4C!
6/9
4P!
6/9
/7 '+te a+load
4P!
679
4C!
679
PT 69 C>P 619
HEC 679
4C! 6/9
4C!6/9
4P!6/9
ATM CellsATM Cells
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ATM 4irtual Channel Connection
4P4CC 4C
4irtual Channel
E
OC$
OC$12
4irtual Path
The la'el of virtual connection is ?4P!@4C!
4irtual Path
4irtual Channel
4CCB 4P and 4C4CCB 4P and 4C
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4C! 1 4C! 2 4C! 4C! /
4P! 24P! 4P! 1
4P! 2
4P!
4P!
4P! 1
4P! /
Port 1
Port 2
Port
4C! 1
4C! 2
4C! 1
4C! 2
4P switching
4C switching
4C!
4C! /
4C! 1
4C! 2
4P "witching < 4C "witching4P "witching < 4C "witching
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ATM switching
PH
AT
M
Port
PH
ATM
Port /
Port 4P! 4C!
1 1
/ D
ATM la+er
ATM switching
PH
ATM
Port 1
P
H
A
TM
Port 2
Port 4P! 4C!
1 2
2 1 1
ATM la+er
PH
ATM
AA>
PH
ATM
AA>
4P! F 2
4C! F
4P! F 4C! F D
;;!
#;!
#;!
ATM "witchingATM "witching
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P4C 6Per&anent 4irtual Channel9
There is no signaling algorith& e&lo+ed 'etween two end nodes in
P4C. The 4C values of the two nodes 6or users9 are defined
&anuall+. The end$to$end route throughout the networ, is defined
too. !f a device along the ath failsB the P4C will 'e deactivated.
"4C 6"witched 4irtual Channel9
"4C is esta'lished according to the #;! signaling ðod. A "4C is
a connection which initiated '+ the user. !f an inter&ediate device in
the ath failsB the "4C will re$esta'lish the ath fro& other route.
ATM ConnectionsATM Connections
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Chater 1 ATM OverviewChater 1 ATM Overview
Chater 2 -asic of ATMChater 2 -asic of ATM
Chapter 3 ATM FeaturesChapter 3 ATM Features
Chater / ATM Protocol "tac,sChater / ATM Protocol "tac,s
Chater ATM "ervicesChater ATM "ervices
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Cells
4oice
)ata
4ideo
Connection$oriented
High$seed switching
"tatistical &ultile5er "uorts voiceB data and video services
Provides Go"
%eatures of ATM%eatures of ATM
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Contract
Contract
ATM networ,
Contracts
Traffic ara&eters
Go" ara&eters
The Traffic MaintenanceThe Traffic Maintenance
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Chater 1 ATM OverviewChater 1 ATM Overview
Chater 2 -asic of ATMChater 2 -asic of ATM
Chater ATM %eaturesChater ATM %eatures
Chapter 4 ATM Protocol StacksChapter 4 ATM Protocol Stacks
Chater ATM "ervicesChater ATM "ervices
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Convergence
"eg&entation and Reasse&'l+
!Cell &ultile5ing@de&ultile5ing
!Cell header generation@e5traction
The %unctional >a+ersThe %unctional >a+ers
Ph+sical
ATM >a+er6 '+tes9
AA> 6/7 '+tes9
TC6Trans&ission
Convergence9
PM6Ph+sical
Mediu&9
C"
"AR
!Cell rate decouling!Trans&ission fra&e adatation@generation@recover+
!HEC se:uence generation and correction
!-it ti&ing!Ph+sical &ediu&
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voice@video@data@icture
AA>8ATM
ATM cell
cell
cell
%ra&e
header
&ediu&
Trans&ission %ra&e
The Process of )ataThe Process of )ata
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Chater 1 ATM OverviewChater 1 ATM Overview
Chater 2 -asic of ATMChater 2 -asic of ATM
Chater ATM %eaturesChater ATM %eatures
Chater / ATM Protocol "tac,sChater / ATM Protocol "tac,s
Chapter 5 ATM ServicesChapter 5 ATM Services
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C-R3Constant -it Rate
rt$4-R3Real Ti&e 4aria'le -it Rate
nrt$4-R3;ot Real Ti&e 4aria'le -it Rate
A-R3Availa'le -it Rate
#-R3#nsecified -it Rate
ATM "ervice T+esATM "ervice T+es
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cost
Go"Traffic ara&eter
low high
Tolerance
1 '+te
'+te cell header
/ '+te a+load
Cell dela+ and cell dela+ variationCell loss
PCR6Pea, Cell Rate9
4oice and video
C-RC-R
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Go"Traffic ara&eter
>O H!=H
Tolerance
Cell lose6;RT9Cell lose 6RT9
PCR6Pea, Cell Rate9
"CR6"ustaina'le Cell Rate9
M-"6Ma5i&u& -urst "ie9
4oice and video
4-R4-R
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A;
Go"Traffic ara&eter
low high
;ot Alica'le
Tolerance
Cell loseCell rela+ variation
#-R#-R
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>A;
Overhead
! ;o cell
overhead
! #sescongestionfeed'ac,instead
-+te
Header
/7 -+te
Pa+load
Go"Traffic ara&eter
low highPCR
6Pea, Cell Rate9
MCR6Mini&u& Cell Rate9
Tolerance
Cell lossCell dela+ variation
A-RA-R
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Chater 1 ATM OverviewChater 1 ATM Overview
Chater 2 -asic of ATMChater 2 -asic of ATM
Chater ATM %eaturesChater ATM %eatures
Chater / ATM Protocol "tac,sChater / ATM Protocol "tac,s
Chapter 5 ATM ServicesChapter 5 ATM ServicesChater I ;etwor, !nterfaceChater I ;etwor, !nterface
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Token
Ring
#;!
-$!C!
#;!
;;!
;;!
;;!
ATM u'lic
networ,
ATM rivate
networ,
ATM ;etwor, and !nterfaceATM ;etwor, and !nterface
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!MA Mode!MA Mode
PH
!MA =rou
PH
PH
PH
!MA =rou
PH
PH
Ph+sical >in, J1
Ph+sical >in, J0
Ph+sical >in, J2
4irtual ATM >in,
!f A'is interface is connected with several E1 ca'lesB !MA &ode will
'e adoted to transfer ATM cells. !n this wa+B cells of high seed ATMlin, could 'e transferred on several low seed h+sical lin,s.
ATM >a+er ATM >a+er
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1. hatKs the function of each '+te in the ATM cell header
2. How does the ATM switch i&le&ent the ATM switching
. hich services are AA>1 and AA> used resectivel+ to adat
/. hich data ac,ets do R%C1/7- and R%C1/7R resectivel+
encasulate
. hich alications do C-R and #-R resectivel+ suort
G#E"T!O;"G#E"T!O;"
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uawei +onfi"ential. 5ll 6ights 6eser'e"