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AASHTO Subcommittee On AASHTO Subcommittee On Design (SCOD) Annual MeetingDesign (SCOD) Annual Meeting

July 2008July 2008

Michael Fazio, ChairMichael Fazio, ChairTechnical Committee on Hydrology and HydraulicsTechnical Committee on Hydrology and Hydraulics

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ObjectivesObjectives

Present TCHH Activities, Especially those Present TCHH Activities, Especially those Centered on the 2011 AASHTO Drainage Centered on the 2011 AASHTO Drainage

Manual and H&H Research. Manual and H&H Research.

Talk about TCHH Future OpportunitiesTalk about TCHH Future Opportunities

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TCHH – Who we areTCHH – Who we are TCHH - Brief HistoryTCHH - Brief History TCHH - CharterTCHH - Charter 2011 AASHTO Drainage Manual2011 AASHTO Drainage Manual ResearchResearch Challenges and OpportunitiesChallenges and Opportunities

THIS PRESENTATION

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TCHHTCHH

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Membership StatsMembership Stats

Total Number of Members – 23Total Number of Members – 23 Longest service period – 17 yearsLongest service period – 17 years Average service period – 7 yearsAverage service period – 7 years Number of Hydraulics Engineers - 17Number of Hydraulics Engineers - 17

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Brief HistoryBrief History 1969 AASHO Committee on Design 1969 AASHO Committee on Design

commissioned the Exec. Committee to publish a commissioned the Exec. Committee to publish a drainage design manualdrainage design manual

Ten states from the Committee on Design were Ten states from the Committee on Design were selected to complete the assignment, with the selected to complete the assignment, with the representation of the Bureau of Public Road representation of the Bureau of Public Road (BPR)(BPR)

State drainage/hydraulics engineers from the State drainage/hydraulics engineers from the selected ten states were delegated to serve in selected ten states were delegated to serve in the subcommittee, then re-designated a task the subcommittee, then re-designated a task force force

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Brief HistoryBrief History 1970 - The first meeting of the AASHO 1970 - The first meeting of the AASHO

Subcommittee (later named Task Force) on Subcommittee (later named Task Force) on Hydrology and Hydraulics was held in Dallas, Hydrology and Hydraulics was held in Dallas, TexasTexas

1973 – AASHO becomes AASHTO1973 – AASHO becomes AASHTO Several drainage guides published from 1970 onSeveral drainage guides published from 1970 on 1987 – The guides were collected in the “Red” 1987 – The guides were collected in the “Red”

guide (color of the cover), titled “Highway guide (color of the cover), titled “Highway Drainage Guidelines”Drainage Guidelines”

1992 – The “Green” guide was published1992 – The “Green” guide was published

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Brief HistoryBrief History

1991 – The first Model Drainage Manual 1991 – The first Model Drainage Manual was published after five years of work – was published after five years of work – The manual featured double parenthesis The manual featured double parenthesis to allow states to adapt contents to their to allow states to adapt contents to their needsneeds

2005 – Metric Model Drainage Manual 2005 – Metric Model Drainage Manual publishedpublished

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1970 Charter and 1970 Charter and ObjectivesObjectives

To maintain a working group with expertise To maintain a working group with expertise in hydrology and hydraulics to develop in hydrology and hydraulics to develop

AASHTO guidance and policy on drainage AASHTO guidance and policy on drainage design and related issuesdesign and related issues

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Current Charge Current Charge StatementStatement

TCHH manages the change and development TCHH manages the change and development of national policies and guidelines relating to of national policies and guidelines relating to highway hydraulics… Provides guidance to highway hydraulics… Provides guidance to

practitioners in the planning, design, practitioners in the planning, design, construction and maintenance, and construction and maintenance, and

regulatory compliance of all drainage related regulatory compliance of all drainage related features of surface transportation facilities. features of surface transportation facilities. The committee promotes and recommends The committee promotes and recommends

new research in the field.new research in the field.

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1970 Goals1970 Goals Develop and update guidelines and procedures for highway Develop and update guidelines and procedures for highway

drainagedrainage Make a periodic evaluation of all AASHTO publication and Make a periodic evaluation of all AASHTO publication and

policy related to drainagepolicy related to drainage Advise the subcommittee on Design regarding proposed drainage Advise the subcommittee on Design regarding proposed drainage

related policiesrelated policies Provide liaison with researchers to improve implementation of new Provide liaison with researchers to improve implementation of new

ideas and encourage researchideas and encourage research Maintain and update the model drainage manualMaintain and update the model drainage manual Identify training needs and provide guidance on curriculumIdentify training needs and provide guidance on curriculum Identify, coordinate and recommend softwareIdentify, coordinate and recommend software Identify technology needs for FHWAIdentify technology needs for FHWA Promote Technology Transfer to improve implementation of new Promote Technology Transfer to improve implementation of new

ideasideas

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2005 Model Drainage 2005 Model Drainage Manual (MDM)Manual (MDM)

Dual UnitsDual Units

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2005 MDM2005 MDM Flexible and AdaptableFlexible and Adaptable Double Parenthesis for Double Parenthesis for

Agency’s NameAgency’s Name Includes 20 ChaptersIncludes 20 Chapters Dual UnitsDual Units New GlossaryNew Glossary Many new Figures and Many new Figures and

GraphsGraphs

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2005 MDM2005 MDMProblemsProblems

BulkyBulky Hard to use Hard to use Limited salesLimited sales Dual unitsDual units RedundancyRedundancy Some outdated informationSome outdated information

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MDM ResolutionMDM Resolution

Because of poor sales, TCHH revisited the Because of poor sales, TCHH revisited the MDM objectives, deciding to publish a new MDM objectives, deciding to publish a new manual that would be more practical, easy manual that would be more practical, easy to use and updated.to use and updated.

Results: two-part manual, with part I on Results: two-part manual, with part I on Policies and part II on ProceduresPolicies and part II on Procedures

Parts of the manual to be sold separatelyParts of the manual to be sold separately

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AASHTO Drainage Manual - AASHTO Drainage Manual - RevisionRevision

Revisions Objectives:Revisions Objectives:

1. Make the Manual Authoritative1. Make the Manual Authoritative

2. Expand the usefulness to a broader audience, 2. Expand the usefulness to a broader audience, make the manual more user friendly, reduce make the manual more user friendly, reduce

the clutter and make it more accessible. the clutter and make it more accessible.

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2011 AASHTO Drainage 2011 AASHTO Drainage ManualManual

FeaturesFeatures The Policy Part is rarely revisedThe Policy Part is rarely revised The Procedures Part is dynamically updatedThe Procedures Part is dynamically updated Chapters can be bundled and sold separatelyChapters can be bundled and sold separately Duplication removedDuplication removed One language throughout the manualOne language throughout the manual Remove outdated information, practices and Remove outdated information, practices and

methodsmethods New Chapters on Wetlands and GroundwaterNew Chapters on Wetlands and Groundwater

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2011 AASHTO Drainage 2011 AASHTO Drainage ManualManual

FeaturesFeatures Use of “should” Use of “should” Single U.S. unitsSingle U.S. units New research to be part of the manual New research to be part of the manual

appendicesappendices Other FHWA publication to be part of Other FHWA publication to be part of

appendicesappendices No more model manual or two No more model manual or two

parenthesis parenthesis

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Manual DisclaimerManual Disclaimer

To manage possible conflicts with existing To manage possible conflicts with existing standards published by other federal or state standards published by other federal or state agencies, the following statement will be agencies, the following statement will be placed in the manual:placed in the manual:

““This manual has been written to provide This manual has been written to provide recommended minimum desired recommended minimum desired

criteria”criteria”

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PlanPlan

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Revision ProgressRevision Progress

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FundingFunding

•Funding needed to hire a consultant to complete changes to the manual

•A pool fund set up to get state participation and funding

•Solicitation 1186 is being reviewed by FHWA for approval

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TCHH Sponsored TCHH Sponsored ResearchResearch

TCHH prepares and shortlists research TCHH prepares and shortlists research problem statements to submit to SCOD problem statements to submit to SCOD and NCHRPand NCHRP

TCHH supports and works closely with TCHH supports and works closely with FHWA Hydraulics LabFHWA Hydraulics Lab

Currently several TCHH members serve Currently several TCHH members serve seven NCHRP research projectsseven NCHRP research projects

Research findings are being implemented Research findings are being implemented as changes to policies and practicesas changes to policies and practices

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ResearchResearch

The NCHRP research project include:The NCHRP research project include: One on hydrologyOne on hydrology Four on bridge scourFour on bridge scour One on culvert rehabilitation methods and One on culvert rehabilitation methods and

policiespolicies One on stream stabilization using “natural One on stream stabilization using “natural

structures”structures”

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ResearchResearch

Some projects the FHWA Hydraulics Lab Some projects the FHWA Hydraulics Lab (Sterling Jones) is working on are:(Sterling Jones) is working on are: Improving stream shear stress calculationsImproving stream shear stress calculations Improving deck profile for submergence flowImproving deck profile for submergence flow Fish passageFish passage Scour measurement instrumentationsScour measurement instrumentations

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Challenges and Challenges and OpportunitiesOpportunities

NPDES IINPDES II Decaying drainage Decaying drainage

infrastructureinfrastructure Plan of Action for Scour Plan of Action for Scour

Critical BridgesCritical Bridges Adding capacity to the Adding capacity to the

highwayshighways EPA PermitsEPA Permits Flooding risksFlooding risks DOT Organizational DOT Organizational

ChangesChanges

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ConclusionsConclusions

TCHH is a group of dedicated TCHH is a group of dedicated professionalsprofessionals

TCHH goals: manual/guides, policies, TCHH goals: manual/guides, policies, research, training research, training

2011 AASHTO Drainage Manual to be 2011 AASHTO Drainage Manual to be more user friendly and authoritativemore user friendly and authoritative

TCHH supports national research on TCHH supports national research on hydrology and hydraulicshydrology and hydraulics

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““The Task Force provided a forum where The Task Force provided a forum where members could discuss their problems members could discuss their problems with others who had similar technical and with others who had similar technical and creditability problems…This process of creditability problems…This process of sharing information and learning through sharing information and learning through the experience of other members the experience of other members continues to be an important benefit of continues to be an important benefit of serving on the Task Force.”serving on the Task Force.”

Mainard Wacker, P.E., History of the AASHTO Task Force on Hydrology and Mainard Wacker, P.E., History of the AASHTO Task Force on Hydrology and Hydraulics, October 1993Hydraulics, October 1993

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ResearchResearch NCHRP 15-36, Estimating Joint Probabilities of Design Coincident NCHRP 15-36, Estimating Joint Probabilities of Design Coincident

Flows at Stream Confluences (estimated completion is Spring 2009) Flows at Stream Confluences (estimated completion is Spring 2009) NCHRP 24-15(2), Bridge Scour in Cohesive Materials– (estimated NCHRP 24-15(2), Bridge Scour in Cohesive Materials– (estimated

completion is 06/2008).completion is 06/2008). NCHRP 24-27, Recommendations for the Adoption of Bridge Scour NCHRP 24-27, Recommendations for the Adoption of Bridge Scour

Research by State Highway Agencies –Panel decided to break project Research by State Highway Agencies –Panel decided to break project in three parts: abutments, piers and geomorphology. in three parts: abutments, piers and geomorphology.

NCHRP 24-29, Scour at Bridge Foundations on Rock. (estimated completion: June 2010)

NCHRP 24-32, Scour at Wide Piers and Long Skewed Piers. NCHRP 24-33, Development of Design Methods for In-Stream Control NCHRP 24-33, Development of Design Methods for In-Stream Control

Structures (estimated completion Spring 2011).Structures (estimated completion Spring 2011). NCHRP 14-19, Culvert Rehabilitation to Maximize Service Life While NCHRP 14-19, Culvert Rehabilitation to Maximize Service Life While

Minimizing Direct Costs and Traffic Destruction (estimated completion Minimizing Direct Costs and Traffic Destruction (estimated completion Fall 2010)Fall 2010)

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NCHRP 24-15(2)NCHRP 24-15(2) A benefit of the cohesive soils scour would be a realistic analysis in soils where there is some

resistance to scour. see this a means to reduce scour for sites where the frequency and

duration of flows are less and the soil is quite resistant. For long

durations and less resistant soils, there may not be as much benefit.

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NCHRP 15-24 – Culvert NCHRP 15-24 – Culvert Coefficients UpdateCoefficients Update

Final Stages Provides information on additional culvert

features which were not addressed in the original Bureau of Standards testing in the 1950's. (multiple culverts evaluation)

Some of the results will be incorporated in the updated HY‑8.

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NCHRP 15-36, Estimating Joint NCHRP 15-36, Estimating Joint Probabilities of Design Coincident Probabilities of Design Coincident

Flows at Stream ConfluencesFlows at Stream Confluences Currently designer use USACE table for Currently designer use USACE table for

coincident flowcoincident flow Table may not be very reliable across USATable may not be very reliable across USA This project will provide guidance for This project will provide guidance for

properly designing a drainage structure properly designing a drainage structure near or at a stream confluencenear or at a stream confluence

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NCHRP 24-32, Scour at Wide and NCHRP 24-32, Scour at Wide and Long Skewed PiersLong Skewed Piers

The objective of this research is to develop The objective of this research is to develop methods and procedures for predicting methods and procedures for predicting time‑dependent local scour at wide piers and at time‑dependent local scour at wide piers and at long skewed piers in non‑cohesive soils and long skewed piers in non‑cohesive soils and steady flow. Improvements to scour estimates steady flow. Improvements to scour estimates could save money by reducing over prediction of could save money by reducing over prediction of scour for large or skewed pier situations.scour for large or skewed pier situations.

This project improves scour prediction at wide This project improves scour prediction at wide bridge piers. Current national equations grossly bridge piers. Current national equations grossly over‑predict scour at wide piers, resulting in over‑predict scour at wide piers, resulting in wasteful bridge substructure designs.wasteful bridge substructure designs.

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NCHRP 24-33, Development of Design NCHRP 24-33, Development of Design Methods for In-Stream Flow Control Methods for In-Stream Flow Control

StructuresStructures Evaluate the potential of in-stream Evaluate the potential of in-stream

structures for protecting bridges and structures for protecting bridges and embankmentsembankments

Develop design methods for properly Develop design methods for properly placing in-stream structuresplacing in-stream structures

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NCHRP 24-27, Evaluation of all NCHRP 24-27, Evaluation of all Scour Research for Design and Scour Research for Design and

Policy ImplementationPolicy Implementation Significant improvement in scour prediction practice Significant improvement in scour prediction practice

adopted from this research will safely reduce bridge adopted from this research will safely reduce bridge substructure costs.substructure costs.

Project 14‑19, Culvert Rehabilitation to Maximize Service Project 14‑19, Culvert Rehabilitation to Maximize Service Life: this project will produce a handbook to address Life: this project will produce a handbook to address pipe repair decisions, including assessing the conditions pipe repair decisions, including assessing the conditions of existing pipe and factors affecting the choice of repair of existing pipe and factors affecting the choice of repair methodology. The project will also develop a training methodology. The project will also develop a training course and repair specifications. Repair methodologies course and repair specifications. Repair methodologies and issues such as grouts, pipe voids, joint seals, etc. and issues such as grouts, pipe voids, joint seals, etc. will be addressed. States currently lack guidance in will be addressed. States currently lack guidance in these areas.these areas.

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NCHRP, 24-29, Scour of NCHRP, 24-29, Scour of Degradable RockDegradable Rock

This project will improve scour prediction This project will improve scour prediction in rock, allowing significant savings in rock, allowing significant savings through more reasonable scour through more reasonable scour predictions.predictions.

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NCHRP 14-19, Culvert NCHRP 14-19, Culvert Rehabilitation to Maximize Rehabilitation to Maximize

Service LifeService Life States currently lack guidance in these areas.States currently lack guidance in these areas. Produce a handbook to address pipe repair Produce a handbook to address pipe repair

decisions, including assessing the conditions of decisions, including assessing the conditions of existing pipe and factors affecting the choice of existing pipe and factors affecting the choice of repair methodology. repair methodology.

Develop a training course and repair Develop a training course and repair specifications. Repair methodologies and issues specifications. Repair methodologies and issues such as grouts, pipe voids, joint seals, etc. will such as grouts, pipe voids, joint seals, etc. will be addressed. be addressed.

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20‑07 Project on Pipe 20‑07 Project on Pipe Material Selection Material Selection

(upcoming)(upcoming) Examine national research on pipe Examine national research on pipe

materials selection, providing preliminary materials selection, providing preliminary guidance and identifying areas of needed guidance and identifying areas of needed research. Currently, little national research. Currently, little national guidance is available in this area.guidance is available in this area.