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Page 1: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

PPRIJI ''IW\DK B·l!LLB'J'J l'llM lll~ ll',_,4~Cl~5

•• •

1TRENGTH G. OF PHILIPPI .~ FORVARIOJ

Page 2: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

STRENGTH GROUPING OF PHILIPPINE TIMBERS

FOR VARIOUS USES .

Page 3: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

ABOUT THE PUBLICATION

The FPRDI Trade Bulletin Series is geared toward the translation of research results into products or industry processes. But more than just showing the tasks to be perfprmed in manufacturing or processing, it also explains some concepts and reasons for action steps, phenomena and relationships.

Drawing from simplified / explanations, the manufacturer can Introduce or suggest innovations, in which case the researcher and manufacturer stand to benefit.

This bulletin uses semi-technical vocabulary to accommodate or elaborate somewhat complicated subject matters. Contributors are encouraged to use original data and relevant secondary data duly acknowledged. ·

Page 4: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

STRENGTH GROUPING OF PHILIPPINE TIMBERS FOR VARIOUS USES

SUMMARY

This Bulletin brings t,o fore the average strength properties of 109 commercial, 61 lesser-known and 29 plantation timber species grown in the Philippines. The species are classified into five strength groups together with their recommended end-uses. The strength values provide the basis for deriving allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes.

INTRODUCTION

The strength or mechanical properties of wood are qualities that indicate its ability to resist applied external forces. These are very important criteria in determining the relative suitability of different wood species for various uses.

Considering the scarcity or rapid depletion of traditionally used commercial timbers for construction, furniture and cabinet making, and other uses, a working knowledge of the basic strength and related properties of the so-called 11 lesser-known" and plantation­grown timber species is essential in order for these to be used commercially.

Background information on their strength and related properties will facilitate their proper and efficient use: 1. as structural materials; 2. as substitute or alternate species for specific uses, and 3. for new wood applications.

STRENGTH PROPERTIES VALUES

The strength properties values and corresponding strength grouping of 109 commercial, 61 lesser-known and 29 plantation timber species grown in various localities in the Philippines are presented in Table 1.

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Page 5: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

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The values are averages of tree means obtained from tests conducted at green condition and 123 moisture content. The strength data apply only to defect-free or clear wood materials and compdre the suitability of locally grown timber species for various end-uses.

Moreover, the information can aid engineers, designers and builders in the housing and building construction industry when deriving allowable working stresses for design ·purposes. However, care must be taken when applying appropriate reduct~on factors on the clear strength of the material by considering the effect of strength variability, long-term duration, safety factor, moisture content and the inherent defects in wood.

STRENGTH PROPERTIES GROUPING

The wood species are classified into five strength groups or classes as set forth in the FPRDI System of Strength Grouping Philippine Timber Species. These are: high strength (Group 1), moderately high strength {Group II), medium strength (Group Ill), moderately low strength (Group IV) and low strength (Group V). Strict adherence to the strength class limits is maintained when assigning species to a certain group. The properties consid~red in grouping the species are modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) in static bending; maximum crushing strength (MCS) in compression parallel-to-grain; strength at proportional limit (SPL) in compression perpendicular to grain; shear strength (Sh) and relative density.

Within a group a species can substitute for the others. Because of this, the strength grouping of Philippine timbers can help guide the producers, manufacturers, traders and wood users in evaluating and selecting the appropriate species for a particular end-use. This system is envisioned to promote the rational utilization and marketing of an array of lesser-known and plantation-grown species in the market. On the other hand, the engineers, architects and builders can rely on this strength grouping to simplify their designs and specifications in construction.

Page 6: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

RECOMMENDED END-USES

On the basis of available research and market information on actual application and end-uses of Philippine timber species, the following end-uses are recommended for each strength group:

STRENGTH GROUP

Class I (High Strength)

Class II (Moderately High Strength)

END-USES

For heavy duty construction where both strength and durability are required such as in ship building, railway sleepers, friction and bearing blocks, pulley sheaves, and rollers, bridge and wharf timber, telephone and telegraph poles!- mine timbers, posts, high-grade beams, girders, rafters, chords and purlins, window sills, balustrades, treads, · stairs and highway rajlway railguards, salt and freshwater pilings, vehicle spokes and frames, and dumb bells.

For medium-heavy construction such such as heavy-duty furniture and cabinets, ·medium-grade beams, girders, rafters, chords and purlins, flooring, doors panels and frames, . paving blocks, boot and shoe lasts, bobbins, spindles and shuttles, bowling pins, pickersticks, sailboat parts, gunstocks, tool handles, wheel shafts and axles, cant hooks and peavies, parquetry, veneer and plywood face, studs for car and truck bodies, airplane construction, sporting

· equipment like baseball bats, checkerboards and golf clubs, tripods, T-squares and kitchen implements like mortars and pestles.

5

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Class Ill (Medium Strength)

Class IV (Moderately Low Strength)

Class V (Low Strength)

CONCLUSION

For medium construction such as general framing, paneling, medium­grade furniture and cabinet, veneer and plywood face and core, low­grade beams, girders, rafters, chords and purlins, interior trimmings, paneling and flooring of cars, radio and stereo cabinets, bodies of musical instruments, cases for instruments and jewelries, drafting tables, dug-out boards, dry measures, mill products, felloes and cooperages.

For pulp and paper production, wood carving and sculpture, conventional furniture, drafting boards, toys, Venetian blinds, crates, pallets, form wood, shingles and matchwoods.

For light construction where strength, hardness and durability are not critical requirements such qs mouldings, sash, door and panel cores, ceiling and acoustic panels, pulp and papermaking, wall boards, pencil slats, matchsticks, popsicle sticks and ice-cream spoons, core veneer, fans, wooden shoes, cigar boxes, buoys and floats.

The information presented in this Bulletin is envisioned to help guide the wood-based industries · and the public in properly selecting locally grown wood species for specific end-uses. This will ultimately contribute to the efficient and rational utilization of Philippine woods.

Page 8: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

REFERENCES

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING MATERIALS. Testing Small Clear Specimen Timber. 0143-52. U.S.A.

1980. Methods of ASTM Designation

BELLOSILLO, S.B. 1965. Mechanical and related properties of woods and their importance to the wood-using industry._ The Philipp. Lumberman 11 (3): 24-29.

ESPILOY, E.B . JR. 1977. Strength grouping of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. NSDB Technol. J. 2(4): 76-85.

1978. Strength grouping of Philippine timber species for utilization of lesser-known wood species. FORPRIDECOM Technical Note No. 187. College, Laguna.

______ . 1984. Simplified sets of working stresses of timber thru strength grouping. FPRDI J. 13( 1) : 58-65.

--~---and J.O. SIOPONGCO. 1978. Basic stresses of

Philippine woods. FORPRIDE Digest 7(2&3): 37-40.

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION. 1980. Guidelines for the Improved Utilization and Marketing of Tropical Wood Species. Rome, Italy.

MONSALUD, M.R. and F.N. T AMOLANG. 1969. General information on Philippine hardwoods. The Philipp. Lumberman 15(6): 14, 13-28.

REYES, L.J. 1938. Philippine Woods. Technical Bull. No. 7. Dept. of Agriculture and Commerce. Manila.

TAMOLANG, F.B., E.B. ESPILOY JR. and A.R. FLORESCA. 1980. Ninth · progress report on the strength and related properties of Philippine woods. The Philipp. Lumberman 36(1-3): 29-37.

TAMOLANG, F.B ., E.B. ESPILOY JR. and A.R. FLORESCA. ~ 995. Strength Grouping of Philippine Timbers for Various Uses. FPRDI Trade Bulletin Series No. 4.

7

Page 9: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

Table 1. Strength property values and corresponding strength grouping of woods grown in the Philippines

NUMBER MOISTURE RELATIVE STATIC

STRENGTH GROUP/SPECIES LOCALITY OF OF CONTENT DENSITY1 Stress at {Common and Botanical Names) GROWTH TREES AT TEST BASED ON Propor-

SAMPLED OVEN-DRY tional WEIGHT& Limit VOLUME AT TEST

(%) (Unitless) (Mpa)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6)

I. High strength Group

A. Commercial S12ecies Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia L.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.82 69.90

12% 0.95 109.00 Real, Quezon 4 Green 0.83 59.20

12% 0.96 98.00 Masinloc, Zambales 2 Green 0.88 55.40

12% 1.00 111.00 Species Total (Trees)/Average 7 Green 0.84 61.50

12% 0.97 106.00 Alupag amo [Litchi chinensis Sann. Maslnloc, Zambales Green 0.89 58.50

ssp. philippinensis (Radlk) Leenh.] 12% 1.00 92.70 Real, Quezon Green 0.84 60.30

12% Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.87 59.40

12% 1.00 92.70 Ata-ata (Diospyros mindanaensis Real, Quezon Green 0.69 57.00

Merr.) 12% 0.74 93.30 Bakauan (Rhizophora apiculata · Real, Quezon Green 0.84 66.40

Blume) 12% Guijo [Shorea guiso (Blanco) Blume] Butuan, Agusan del Green 0.70 53.60

Sur 12% 0.74 78.60 Sibul, Bulacan Green 0.65 40.20

12% 0.74 81.00 Asuncion, Davao del 2 Green 0.62 46.10

Norte 12% 0.65 78.20 Famy, Laguna 4 Green 0.68 48.20

12% 0.78 76.90 Makiling, Laguna Green 0.67 53.70

12% 0.72 75.20 Pagbilao, Quezon Green 0.78 68.30

12% 0.84 76.50 Real, Quezon Green 0.69 46.50

12% 0.73 65.50 Capas, Tar1ac Green 0.68 52.00

12% 0.76 83.70 Mayantoc, T ar1ac Green 0.73 53.20

12% 0.81 99.00 Masinloc, Zambales Green 0.67 53.40

12% 0.70 74.60

8

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BENDING COMPRESSION HARDNESs2 SHEAR TOUGHNESS~

Modulus Modulus Parallel to Grain Perpendicular PARALLEL of Rupture of Stress at Maximum Modulus to Grain TO GRAIN Average of

Elasticity Propor- Crushing of Stress at Side End Radial & tlonal Strength Elasticity Proportional Grain Grain Tangential Limit Limit

(Joule/ CM pa) (Gpa) (Mpa) (Mpa) (Gpa) (Mpa) (kN) (kN} (Mpa) Specimen)

(7) I (8) (9) I (10) I (11) I (12) (13) I (14) (15) (16)

116.00 16.40 8.06 9.90 7.65 42.60 162.00 17.70 17.60 16.70 14.60 51.80 99.00 13.00 23.30 45.60 14.30 13.60 8.87 8.28 12.90 68.60 173.00 22.80 47.40 76.30 23.60 19.70 14.20 14.30 18.30 77.70 94.40 13.80 27.40 44.60 17.90 11.10 9.90 8.34 10.70 51.00 187.00 20.20 57.70 95.70 23.30 26.20 17.90 15.40 18.20 53.1 0 96.70 14.40 25.35 45.10 16.10 10.92 9,56 8.09 11.80 54.07 174.00 . 20.23 52.55 86.00 23.45 21.17 16.27 14.77 18.25 60.87 100.00 14.50 32.20 52.40 17.20 15.90 12.40 10.40 15.60 58.70 180.00 18.40 43.20 84.70 21 .20 21.10 20.10 20.60 19.30 37.60 91.60 12.10 28.70 42.20 13.20 10.30 11.40 10.40 13.30 63.80

95.80 13.30 30.45 47.30 15.20 13.10 11.90 10.40 14.45 61.25 180.00 18.40 43.20 84.70 21.20 21.10 20.10 20.60 19.30 37.60 88.90 13.80 6.91 6.32 125.00 14.60 9.21 10.80 123.00 16.00 27.80 58.40 29.10 12.90 10.60 10.90 12.60 62.20

84.10 14.50 32.70 53.40 18.80 10.80 6.31 5.29 11.10 44.40 124.00 17.20 42.40 67.90 20.60 12.20 7.10 6.65 13.70 39.90 71.60 11.70 19.20 33.50 15.30 5.05 4.48 4.75 8.61 46.50 115.00 15.00 37.90 60.00 19.20 11.00 6.57 6.00 12.00 · 33.00 76.00 14.00 25.30 40.80 18,.50 7.70 5.09 4.88 9.80 36.10 116.00 16.00 37.70 63.50 19.80 9.60 5.70 5.22 10.10 39.90 79.00 14.20 29.70 36.40 18.90 8.48 5.87 5.12 9.72 49.10 127.00 17.70 40.60 68.80 22.20 11.60 7.75 6.86 14.80 55.60 92.80 13.80 25.80 43.40 18.30 8.58 6.08 5.84 10.90 55.70 130.00 16.30 42.80 75.20 19.10 11.20 7.68 7.32 15.30 45.90 108.00 16.00 38.30 52.70 18.40 14.00 8.91 7.22 12.10 62.20 136.00 18.80 44.40 78.10 23'.70 15.90 9.27 9.01 13.70 38.40 77.70 10.60 19,80 37.10 14.30 9.70 5.76 4.65 10.40 54.80 103.00 12.80 24.50 51.50 16.60 10.70 6.76 6.35 14.10 36.70 82.70 16.10 25.70 39.00 19.30 7.54 5.66 5.17 9.37 49.00 138.00 20.50 44.90 69.60 24.70 10.90 7.28 6.30 12.40 46.80 90.40 16.30 26.90 45.30 20.90 8.41 5.70 5.10 9.80 41.80 149.00 22.00 47.80 74.50 24.40 10.80 8.70 7.09 12.90 48.90 87.40 13.70 29.90 44.80 18.40 9.72 5.49 5.03 9.17 43.70 122.00 16.70 40.20 66.70 19.20 11.20 6.06 5.77 8.60 43.40

'9

Page 11: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2} (3) (4) (5) "(6)

Sibul, Bulacan Green 0.71 53.80 12% 0.79 121.00

Species Total (Trees)/ Average 15 Green 0.69 51.73 12% 0.75 82.75

Katilma (Diospyros nitida Merr.) Famy, Laguna 3 Green 0.71 57.10 12% 0.75 95.20

Real, Quezon 2 Green 0.69 53.40 12% 0.73 80.60

Species Total (Trees)/Average 5 Green 0.70 55.25 12% 0.74 87.90

Kubi (Artocarpus nitidus Tree. ssp. Tungao, Agusan del Green 0.58 65.90 nitidus) Sur 12%

Malabayabas [Tristaniopsis Famy, Laguna Green 0.93 67.60 decorticata (Merr.) Wils & Walerh.] 12% 1.11 124.00

Real, Quezon 8 Green 0.91 64.60 12% 1.01 91.40

Species Total (Trees)/Average 9 Green 0.97 79.50 12% 1.06 107.70

Manggachapui (Hopea acuminata Famy, Laguna Green 0.62 52.90 Merr.) 12% 0.66 77.60

Tagkawayan, Quezon Green 0.65 64.80 12% 0.68 85.10

Masinloc, Zambales 2 Green 0.61 52.20 12% 0.63 63.70

sta. Cruz, Zambales Green 0.61 53.60 12% 0.64 77.70

Species Total (Trees)/Average 5 Green 0.62 55.88 12% 0.65 76.03

Narig (Vatica mangachapoi Blanco Sibul, Bulacan Green 0.73 53.20 ssp. mangachapoi ) 12% 0.79 83.40

Famy, Laguna 5 Green 0.62 47.40 12% 0.69 84.30

Quezon, Palawan Green 0.75 58.00 12% 0.80 91 .80

Real, Quezon 2 Green 0.66 51.40 12% 0.69 ' 83.70

Masinloc, Zambales 1 Green 0.67 48.30 12% 0.68 76.60

Species Total (Trees)/Average 10 Green 0.69 51.66 12% 0.73 83.96

Narig, Thick-leafed (Vatica Real, Quezon 1 Green 0.77 52.70 pechyphylfa Merr. ) 12% 0.82 87.10

Tagkawayan, Quezon 5 Green 0.78 61.50 12% 0.90 88.30

Species Total (Trees)/Average 6 Green 0.78 57.10 12% 0.86 87.70

Sasalit [ Teijsmanniodendron Real, Quezon 4 Green 0.95 82.60 ahemianum (Merr.) Bakh.] 12% 1.02 105.00

Masinloc, Zambales 3 Green 0.87 80.90 12% 0.92 104.00

10

Page 12: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) J 77.40 14.40 35.50 7.76 5.73 4.78 8.59 50.40 178.00 23.80 70.20 12.20 7.50 6.65 11 .80 54.90 84.28 14.12 27.33 41.99 18.11 8.89 5.92 5.26 9.96 48.52 130.73 17.89 40.32 67.82 20.95 11.57 7.31 6.66 12.67 43.95 87.90 13.40 25.10 40.30 17.70 7.25 6.88 6.59 11.00 45.20 150.00 18.00 57.10 70.40 20.60 13.40 9.49 11.40 15.90 41 .70 89.40 14.30 6.69 6.24 32.40 151 .0·0 17.80 9.24 9.64 19.80 88.65 13.85 25.10 40.30 17.70 7.25 6.79 6.42 11.00 38.80 150.50 17.90 57.10 70.40 20.60 13.40 9.37 10.52 15.90 30.75 88.70 13.20 34.50 47.60 7.95 11 .20 7.01 7.94 11 .80 34.70

123.00 17.20 36.50 57.90 21.60 15.60 10.30 8.73 14.10 75.70 190.00 20.60 52.60 10.20 27.00 21 .60 20.30 21.50 14.70 64.90 108.00 13.30 25.70 48.30 16.80 17.80 12.40 10.50 12.10 69.10 159.00 16.60 36.50 77.90 21.20 20.80 19.40 19.10 22.70 57.10 141.00 16.90 36.50 67.90 21.40 18.20 14.85 13.92 18.40 66.40 174.50 18.60 44.55 44.05 . 24.10 21.20 19.85 20.30 18.70 61.00 72.40 11 .60 29.30 41.10 13.90 9.53 5.12 4.60 9.90 34.50 106.00 15.90 39.00 58.20 16.60 10.50 5.93 5.81 10.60 39.00 104.00 16.40 31 .30 48.60 20.40 7.63 6.32 6.36 10.40 59.60 139.00 17.70 41.90 69.80 22.20 10.40 7.37 7.14 11 .20 42.70 84.70 13.30 29.30 44.40 18.00 7.09 4.52 5.08 10.40 34.60 123.00 16.70 33.90 61 .90 18.70 9.39 6.33 7.87 10.60 29.70 90.70 15.40 27.20 43.80 20.10 8.11 5.25 5.40 10.50 31.30 129.00 18.90 43.30 64.00 20.90 9.13 6.25 7.10 11.60 38.30 87.95 14.18 29.28 44.48 18.10 8.09 5.30 5.36 10.30 40.00

124.25 17.30 39.53 63.48 19.60 9.86 6.47 6.98 11.00 37.43 89.90 14.20 30.20 46.00 20.70 7.65 6.87 7.1 5 11 .60 35.60 136.00 19.00 48.70 76.70 23.10 13.60 9.65 10.30 11 .90 45.00 75.20 13.10 29.00 38.50 15.80 6.69 5.01 5.04 9.29 30.60 135.00 17.60 40.40 62.10 19.80 10.00 6.89 8.86 13.50 41.60 86.60 15.60 30.40 49.40 11.40 11.90 7.88 7.26 9.80 38.40 146.00 18.60 47.00 74.70 22.70 14.70 10.50 9.36 11.70 42.40 85.10 11.80 26.50 38.40 16.90 6.47 6.45 6.29 10.30 39.90 123.00 15.50 42.40 62.40 18.30 10.90 7.10 8.71 14.50 41.90 76.80 13.20 26.50 39.10 10.70 10.20 5.56 6.09 9.47 30.40 127.00 15.90 37.20 63.00 18.20 14.20 6.55 8.22 12.40 32.70 82.72 13.58 28.52 42.28 15.10 8.58 6.35 6.37 10.09 34.98 133.40 17.32 43.14 67.78 20.42 12.68 8.14 9.09 12.80 40.72 81 .80 12.20 29.50 44.50 15.00 11.10 8.15 7.41 13.20 42.60 144.00 16.50 39.60 67.70 18.60 16.30 11 .30 12.40 15.90 29.50 88.50 15.60 34.80 47.70 17.80 15.20 8.49 7.38 10.70 37.80 148.00 1?.20 50.30 74.90 22.70 16.40 12.20 12.90 16.90 43.30 85.15 13.90 32.15 46.10 16.40 13.15 8.32 7.40 11.95 40.20 146.00 17.35 44.95 71.30 20.65 16.35 11.75 12.65 16.40 36.40 128.00 16.70 41 .60 70.50 19.20 24.40 15.40 13.70 14.90 58.20 172.00 19.10 55.60 94.90 22.60 36.60 20.90 49.40 116.00 16.30 45.00 67.40 19.90 18.20 13.50 12.30 13.50 51.20 166.00 20.00 60.70 96.30 22.70 27.0 17.10 16.50 19.10 46.30

11

Page 13: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) ''(6)

Sta. Cruz, Zambales Green 0.81 56.70 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 8 Green 0.88 73.40 12% 0.97 104.50

Tiga [Tristaniopsis micrantha (Merr.) Bislig, Surigao del Sur Green 0.89 67.40 Wils. & Walerh.] 12% 1.02 87.80

Tindalo [Afze/ia rhomboidea (Blanco) Tanay, Rizal Green 0.80 63.70 Vidal} 12%

Yakal (Shorea asty/osa Foxw.) Real, Quezon 4 Green 0.79 53.40 12%

Asuncion, Davao del 1 Green 0.74 41.40 Norte 12%

Lanuza, Surigao del Sui 2 Green 0.75 63.90 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 7 Green 0.76 52.90 12%

Yakal-yamban (Shorea fafciferoides Asuncion, Davao del 5 Green 0.72 56.90 ssp. falciferoides ) Norte 12% 0.79 99.00

Real, Quezon 5 Green 0.82 61.50 12% 0.90 90.80

Bislig, Surigao del Sur Green 0.79 68.80 12% 0.84 79.70

Lanuza, Surigao del 2 Green 0.75 63.90 Sur 12%

Sipalay, Negros Green 0.74 56.90

.:.. Occidental 12% 0.82 92.00 $i>ecles Total (Trees)/Average 14 Green 0.76 61.60

12% 0.84 90.38

1YJikal-malibato ($horea mafibato Pagbilao, Quezon 2 Green 0.76 80.70

F.o><w.) 12% 0.83 82.90 Yakal-saplungan [Hopea plagata Sibul, Bulacan 5 Green 0.88 83.00

(Blanco) Vidal] 12% 0.94 110.00 Capas, Tarlac Green 0.91 101.00

12% Species Total (Ti:ees)/Average 6 Green 0.85 88.23

12% 0.89 96.45

Diospyros sp. Famy, Laguna Green 0.84 52.10 12% 0.94 83.40

B. Lesser-Known S12ecies Antsoan ( Cass'ia javanica L. ssp. Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.70 58.00

javanica) 12% 0.80 87.80 Arangen (Ganophyllum fa/catum Tungao, Agusan del Su Green 0.81 5670

Blume) 12% Bansilai (Brackenridgea pa/ustris , Mali, Davao Oriental Green 0.88 5910

Bartell.) 12% Liusin (Maranthes corymbosa Blume) C,apas, Tarlac Green 0.78 57.10

12% 0.87 103 00 Masinloc, Zambales Green 0.79 61.00

12% 0 88 108.00

12

Page 14: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(7)

94.50

112.83 169.00 101.00 142.00 108.00

87.10

87.70

96.70

90.50

94.30 142.00 92.60 149.00 105.00 135.00 96.70

87.20 .14.40 95.16 110.10 96.40 131.00 121 .00 184.00 124.00

113.80 157.50 74.20 138.00

95.60 138.00 91.50

91 .90

101 .00 165.00 103.00 167 00

(8)

14.30

15,77 19.55 15.00 19.30 14.80

16.20

19.70

13.70

16.53

17.60 20.50 17.70 22.40 14.60 16.80 13.70

15.60 19.60 15.84 19.83 14.50 17.30 19.40 22.70 22.00

18.63 20.00 13.30. 17.40

12.70 16.00 13 10

15 40

16.90 23.10 18.00 22 60

(9)

32.60

39.73 58.15 31.80 46.70 35.60

27.70

34.00

33.40

31.70

28.80 46.80 32.20 45.50 27.60 37.70 33.40

31.30 44.80 30.66 43.70 31 .70 40.40 41.90 55.70 46.00

39.87 48.05 26.50 44.40

29.50 40.30 30.70

33.50

30.90 50.60 29.20 5340

(10)

55.60

64.50 95.60 50.40 93.20 57.40

44.70

50.30

49.20

48.07

47.80 76.70 47.90 79.10 48.70 70.20 49.20

46.00 70.20 47.92 74.05 49.60 70.70 66.60 92.40 62.90

59.70 81 .55 42.70 78.00

47.80 69.40 47.40

45.50

47.00 83.10 48.40 P.7 70

(11)

2000

19.70 22.65 19.70 24.40 17.70

20.40

22.70

18.00

20.37

22.00 25.20 23.30 28.30 15.40 21 .80 18.00

19.60 22.20 19.66 24.38 18.10 19.80 23.80 26.50 27.70

23.20 23.15 16.40 20.40

12.80 16.90 17.20

18.30

21 .00 25.60 25.60 ?7 RO

(12)

15.80

19.47 36.60 19.90 25.50 15.50

14.50

10.30

16.50

13.77

9.14 12.70 12.90 15.30 15.80 16.10 16.50

10.30 13.90 12.93 14.50 12.60 15.90 21.20 25.80 21.50

18.43 20.85 11.70 20.10

10.40 16.40 14.10

16.40

7.68 16.00 7.77 17 on

(13) (14)

9.91 .10.70

12.94 12.23 17.10 16.50 11 .60 10.10

9.96 7.88

7.87 6.08

5.98 5.05

7.59 6.08

7.15 5.74

6.09 5.16 7.67 6.71 8. 14 6.26 10.30 8.39 8.61 7.12 9.44 7.77 7.59 6.08

5.95 4.86 8.00 8.03 7.28 5.90 8.85 7.73 7.98 7.25 8.80 7.93 11 .30 9.56 15.70 13.50 11.50 9.18

10.26 8.66 12.25 10.72 7.82 6.70 15.90 16.00

7.80 8.01 9.07 8.61 9.59 9.28

1080 9.44

7.34 8.43 13.10 13.90 7.14 7.77 11 71'1 13 10

(15)

11.60

13.33 20.00 14.10 23.00 14.10

10.80

1.oe-

11.10 .

9.64

10.20 12.40 10.20 14.40 9.90 15.10 11.10

8.85 11.90 10.05 13.45 10.90 13.10 14.40 16.00 10.80

12.03 14.55 10.90 16.90

12.40 13.20 12.40

11.90

10.10 15.20 11 .10 14 70

(16)

45.50

51.63 47.85 62.10 34.90 53.60

41 .10

47.90

52.70

47.23

46.40 53.00 51.10 56.50 63.40 42.40 52.70

44.90 39.20 51 .70 47.78 63.60 49.00 45.60 52.60 59.60

56.27 50.80 39.10 56.30

53.80 40.90 46.10

44.80

39.40 55.80 52.70 56.80

13

Page 15: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5). "(6)

AcoJEo, .<..cu nbales 5 Green 0.79 55.80 12% 0.88 116.00

Species Total (Trees)/Average 7 Green 0.79 57.97 12% 0.88 109.00

C. Plantation S[!ecies Satinwood (Ch/oroxy/on swietenia Makiling, Laguna 1 Green 0.74 69.50

DC.) 12%

II. Moderately High Strength Group A. Commercial S[!ecies Akle [Albizia acle (Blanco) Merr.) Masinloc, Zambales Green 0.62 44.50

12% 0.63 65.00 Amugis [Koordersiodendron Asuncion, Davao del 1 Green 0.69 36.70 pinnatum (Blanco) Merr.) Norte 12%

Anang (Diospyros pyrrhocarpa Miq.) Makiling, La'guna 4 Green 0.63 40.00 12% 0.70 65.70

Real, Quezon Green 0.60 43.30 12% 0.66 73.80

Species Total (Trees)/Average 6 Green 0.64 41.13 i12% 0.66 68.17

Anang-gulod [Diospyros Famy, Laguna 3 Green 0.66 47.70 myrmecocalyx ( Hiem) Bakh.) 12% 0.70 71 .20

Real, Quezon 3 Green 0.63 45.20 12% 0.68 59.00

Species Total (Trees)/Average 6 Green 0.65 46.45 12% 0.69 65.10

Batino (Alstonia macrophy/la G. Don) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.64 47.40 12% 0.67 80.50

Magpit, North Cotabato Green 0.66 37.90 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.65 42.65 12% 0.67 80.50

Bingas [Termincilia citrina (Gaertn.) Sibul, Bulacan Green 0.74 61 .70 Roxb. ex Flem.) 12% 0.80 90.70

Asuncion, Davao del Green 0.59 0.40 Norte 12%

Real, Quezon 4 . Green 0.72 52.00 12% 0.79 77.10

Species Total (Trees)/Average 6 Green 0.68 38.03 12% 0.80 83.90

Bolon [P/atymitra arborea (Blanco) Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.71 53.50 Kesler) 12% 0.76 82.10

Bolong-eta (Diospyros phi/osanthera Makiling, Laguna 1 Green 0.81 43.20 Blanco var. phi/osanthera } 12% 0.91 86.40

Real, Quezon Green 0.77 38.50 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.79 40.85 12% 0.91 86.40

14

Page 16: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)

92.00 14.80 34.80 49.30 9.98 9.27 7.56 7.66 11 .00 46.00 134.00 16.60 51.80 69.20 11 .20 14.20 10.90 12.00 12.70 57.70 98.67 16.57 31.63 48.23 18.86 8.24 7.35 7.95 10.73 46.03 155.33 20.77 51.93 80.00 21 .53 15.73 11.90 13.00 14.20 56.77

100.00 14.00 35.60 55.90 18.20 11.20 8.66 9.35 12.80 51.30'

77.60 12.00 23.00 39.50 14.80 9.80 4.80 4.05 11 .50 36.00 106.00 12.70 30.80 56.00 15.10 10.30 5.28 4:94 10.60 29.70 65.90 12.60 19.50 36.40 16.40 8.82 5.71 4.77 10.00 65.10

69.30 10.50 22.40 32.40 13.20 5.33 4.94 4.98 8.50 40.40 119.00 14.10 35.30 56.00 16.50 9.07 7.21 8.76 12.20 35.50 65.90 9.66 4.60 4.19 19.00 104.00 13.40 6.31 8.34 24.70 69.68 11.19 21.63 36.10 14.80 7.98 5.01 4.50 10.00 40.13 109.67 13.40 33.05 56.00 15.80 9.69 6.27 7.35 11.40 29 .• 97 82.60 12.70 23.80 36.00 15.00 6.25 6.11 5.93 10.30 31.40 120.00 14.50 36.40 63.10 19. 10 12.70 7.58 10.10 17.20 26.10 71.50 10.70 4.37 4.14 27.20 118.00 15.90 7.77 8.29 20.40 77.05 11.70 23.80 36.00 15.00 6.25 5.24 5.04 10.30 29.30 . 119.00 15.20 36.40 63.10 19.10 12.70 7.68 9.20 17.20 23.25 84.00 11.40 20.20 35.90 13.80 6.89 5.80 :5.57 10.60 43.10 128.00 14.60 35.20 56.40 16.20 11.90 7.30 1 9.40 11.40 41.70 63.80 9.11 26.10 34.90 15.90 7.91 5.61 5.85 10.70 53.40

73.90 10.26 23.15 35.40 14.85 7.40 5.71 5.71 10.65 48.25 128.00 14.60 35.20 56.40 16.20 11.90 7,30 9.40 11.40 41.70 93.90 12.80 31.60 48.90 16.70 10.30 9.05 8.97 12.40 65.80 146.00 16.30 40.50 71.40 19.30 16.50 12.80 12.60 16.20 55.10 64.50 11.20 15.50 24.10 13.50 5.76 4.79 5.36 8.90 54.10

84.90 12.00 28.60 45.70 18.60 10.60 9.07 8.30 12.40 57.10 130.00 15.30 39.70 70.60 19.00 16.30 10.90 12.90 17.70 38.50 81 .1Q 12.00 25.23 39.57 16.27 8.89 7 .64 7.54 11.23 59.ob, 138'.00 15.80 40.10 71.00 19.15 16.40' 11.85 12.75 16.95 46.80

. $6.40 12.70 26.20 36.70 15.60 7.44 6.47 5.52 9.47 52.40 138.oq 16.40 36.60 61.60 18.10 11.8a· 9.37 9.54 11 .90 45.20 "73.10. 13.80 17.20 31 .90 17.20 6.66 5.82 59.20

· 14:1:QO. 18.N 43.70 73.60 25.60 17.40 19.80 49.80 . 6~10 . .. ·. · .· 10.80 22.70 38.70 15.50 11.00 7.79 6.48 11.10 45.20

·71.10 12.30 19.95 35.30 16.35 11.00 7.23 6.15 11.10 52.20 141.00 18.10 43.70 73.60 25.60 17.40 19.80 49.80

15

Page 17: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6)

Oangkalan (Calophyllum Famy, Laguna 5 Green 0.58 40.70 obliquinervium Merr. ) 12% 0.64 71.40

Real, Quezon 2 Green 0.60 42.70 12% 0.67 81.40

Botolan, Zambales Green 0.50 32.70 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 8 Green 0.56 38.70 12% 0.66 76.40

Dao [Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Asuncion, Davao del 2 Green 0.52 33.90 Merr. & Rolfe] Norte 12%

Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.54 43.80 12% 0.58 ' 71 80

Species Total (Trees)/Average 4 Green 0.53 38.85 12% 0.58 71 .80

Oungon (Heritiera sylvatica Vidal) Sibul, Bulac.a.n Green 0.81 50.20 12% 0.86 79.60

Tanay, Rizal Green 0.77 50.00 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.79 50.10 12% 0.86 79.60

Dysoxylum sp. Real, Quezqn Green 0.62 36.10 12% 0.73 103.00

lpil [lntsia bijuga (Colebr) 0 . Ktze.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.68 57.20 12% 0.70 72.20

Kamagong (Diospyros discolor Willd.) Famy, Laguna Green 0.72 47.70 12% 0.85 101.00

Real, Quezon 4 Green 0.81 53.70 12% 0.89 73.60

Species Total (Trees)/Average 5 Green 0.74 52.87 12% 0.81 82.27

Kamagong ponce (Diospyros poncei Real, Quezon 3 Green 0.83 58.20 Merr.) 12% 0.90 72.80

Famy, Laguna Green 0.57 34.70 12% 0.64 63.00

Species Total (Trees)/Average 4 Green 0.70 46.45 12% 0.77 67.90

Kamatog [Sympetatandra densiflora Sibul, Bulacan 2 Green 0.67 42.70 (Elmer) v. steen.] 12% 0.74 66.20

Famy, Laguna Green 0.70 37.70 12% 0.79 70.10

Real, Quezon 5 Green 0.64 46.20 12% 0.73 71 .20

Tagkawayan, Quezon 3 Green 0.65 37.40 12% 0.77 74.90

Species Total (Trees)/Average 11 Green 0.67 41.00 12% 0.76 70.60

Katmon-bayani (Dif/enia megalantha Real, Quezon 1 Green 0.70 44.70 Marr.) 12% 0.76 85.00

Kato [Aglaia cucu/fata \ (Roxb.) Real, Quezon Green 0.62 46.80 P~llegr.] 12% 0.65 65.50

16

Page 18: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)

68.30 12.20 21 .70 32.70 16.50 5.15 3.94 4.45 8.65 46.40 128.00 16.70 41.80 65.20 19.60 9.72 6.51 8.14 12.70 44.50 78.10 13.30 27.00 37.20 18.20 4.78 4.82 4.82 9.24 35.70 124.00 15.80 35.90 63.90 20.70 9.16 8.20 8.83 15.60 39.90 52.20 9.80 19.30 28.30 12.60 4.98 3.09· 3.74 6.68 22.00

66.20 11.77 22.67 32.73 15.77 4.97 3.95 4.34 . 8.19 34.70 126.00 16.25 38.85 64.55 20.15 9.44 7.36 8.49 14.15 42.20 53.60 9.70 18.50 30.80 12.40 4.29 3.49 3.57 8.53 27.70

72.80 9.30 19.70 31 .80 12.40 5.49 3.84 3.94 8.07 37.90 101 .00 12.50 30.40 49.60 13.70 8 .62 5.03 5.58 10.50 26.00 63.20 9.50 19.10 31.30 12.40 4.89 3.67 3.76 8.30 32.80 101.00 12.50 30.40 49.60 13.70 8.62 5.03 5.58 10.50 26.00 87.80 11.30 29.90 45.10 13.60 12.10 10.80 9.34 12.60 68.90 162.00 15.70 36.70 67.00 16.00 17.80 12.90 10.70 14.20 34.80 88.90 12.70 29.60 43.10 16.30 13.10 8.92 6.67 9.90 69.30

,-

88.35 12.00 29.75 44.10 14.95 12.60 9.86 8.01 11.25· 69.10 162.00 15.70 36.70 67.00 16.00 17.80.. 12.90 10.70 14.20 34.80 68.20 10.30 21.50 31 .50 13.90 4.88 4.90 4.36 8.27 42.20 152.00 16.90 45.70 81.00 17.40 15.80 7.77 10.50 16.60 36.60 90.40 12.40 11.00 5.90 30.00 105.00 13.90 13.40 7.76 41.30 80.10 14.70 6.18 5.60 27.00 161.00 20.20 -. 12.10 13.60 53.20 83.60 11.60 26.70 43.10 14.10 15.60 10.40 8.52 12.40 46.30 126.00 13.50 20.60 18.00 18.00 18.70 52.70 84.70 12.90 26.70 43.10 14.10 13.30 8.29 6.67 12.40 34.43 130.67 15.87 17.00 15.05 13.12 18.70 49.07 88.90 12.60 28.40 41.70 14.90 16.00 10.30 8.49 12.40 52.80 135.00 14.30 39.30 44.10 18.00 19.20 14.80 16.20 16.70 43.40 62.60 8.40 14.50 25.60 12.90 3.74 3.79 3.28 5.69 49.10 114.00 13.90 20.70 50.50 17.10 8.31 6.36 8.01 12.20 33.80 75.75 10.50 21.45 33.65 13.90 9.87 7.05 5.89 9.05 50.95

124.50 14.10 30.00 47.30 17.55 13.76 10.58 12.11 14.45 38.60 73.90 10.90 19.80 34.80 13.30 8.63 5.69 5.94 11.40 36.60 118.00 13.30 33.10 57.20 15.70 12.00 8.75 9.81 14.30 39.60 71 .30 13.30 20.20 34.40 17.30 8.53 4.84 5.10 10.50 40.00 127.00 18.10 32.70 60.90 22.20 11 .90 10.00 11 .30 12.90 49.00 72.40 12.50 22.40 34.70 15.90 8.01 5.36 5.47 9.35 35.90 127.00 15.30 36.60 60.40 18.50 9.74 8.22 9.81 14.90 38.80 72.70 13.80 25.20 35.30 15.80 7.70 4.99 4.86 8.97 42.60 133.00 17.70 39.60 64.80 20.70 11 .30 7.62 9.26 14.50 37.70 72.58 12.63 21.90 34.80 15.58 8.22 5.22 5.34 10.06 38.78

126.25 16.10 35.50 60.83 19.28 11.24 8.65 10.05 14.15 41.28 75.10 12.60 20.20 36.50 17.70 9.24 6.18 6.40 8.83 40.40 134.00 16.60 39.40 70.40 20.20 14.00 8.91 11 .50 11.80 37.00 71 .40 1:tao 23.60 36.90 15.80 7.26 5.89 5.86 8.58 34.90 129.00 17.20 39.70 73.00 22.80 8.63 6.18 9.73 16.00 29.20

17

Page 19: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

[ (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6)

Nagtipunan, Qurino Green 0.58 27.80 12% 0.64 57.58

Dilasag, Aurora 1 Green 0.48 19.16 12% 0.52 57.48

Species Total (Trees)/Average 3 Green 0.56 31.25 12% 0.60 60.19

Katong-lakihan (Dysoxyfum Pagbilao, Quezon 1 Green 0.49 cyrtobotryurn. Miq) 12% 0.53

Masinloc, Zambales Green 0.62 41 .30 12% 0.75 77.70

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.56 41.30 12% 0.64 77.70

Lithocarpus sp. Mati, Davao Oriental Green 0.66 39.10 12%

Lomarau (Swintonia foxworthyi Real, Quezon 2 Green 0.60 37.40 Elmer) 12%

Quezon, Palawan 2 Green 0.67 49.10 12% 0.69 69.60

Species Total (Trees)/Average 4 Green 0.64 43.25 12% 0.69 69.60

Ludek [Ludekia bernarcloi (Merr.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.63 51.30 Ridsd.) 12% 0.69 82.20

Makaasirn (Syzgium nitidum Benth.) Real, Quezon Green 0.73 43.70 12%

Mayantoc, Tariac Green 0.74 39.90 12% 0.88 80.40

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.74 41.80 12% 0.88 80.40

Malakauayan (Podocarpus rumphii Masinloc, Zambales 2 Green 0.50 43.00 Blume) 12% 0.53 72.40

Sta. Cruz, Zambales Green 0.51 43.20 12% 0.52 61.10

Species Total (Trees)/Average· 3 Green 0.51 43.10 12% 0.53 66.75

Malakatmon [Diflenia luzoniensis Sibul, Bulacan 2 Green . 0.65 41 .80 (Vidal) Martelli ex Dur. et Jacks.] 12% 0.73 60.20

Masinloc, Zambales 3 Green 0.70 44.40 12% 0.80 75.40

Acoje, Zam.Pales 2 Green 0.77 63.30 12%

Species Total (Trees)/~verage 7 Green 0.71 49.83 12% 0.77 67.80

Malapanau (Dipterocarpus kerrii Butuan City 2 Green 0.55 41.60 King) 12% 0.62 68.40

Buguey, Cagayan Green 0.58 33.50 12% 0.64 66.30

Lal-lo, Cagayan 2 Green 0.48 32.70 12% 0.54 48.20

Monkayo, Davao del 3 Green 0.52 34.90 Norte 12% 0.60 65.8()

18

Page 20: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)

60.73 8.24 27.69 5.36 3.60 4.15 6.31 ' 37.92 118.98 17.48 56.42 8.69 5.02 7.50 14.68 29.30 51.15 7.98 18.70 2.80 2.70 2.96 5.92 16.68 89.8f 9.98 40.66 7.38 4.70 6.24 12.52 14.49 61.09 9.67 23.60 2'1-.76 15.80 5.14 4.06 4.32 6.94 29.83

112.60 14.89 39.70 56.69 22.80 8.23 5.30 7.82 14.40 24.33 22.20 59.90 12.70 5.31 3.35 3.60 7.48 26.20 31.00 52.10 14.10 8.20 3.98 6.36 9.80 21 .30

69.30 13.70 19.60 32.40 17.60 8.72 5.28 4.93 8.27 44.50 148.00 18.30 40.50 76.30 26.80 9.41 9.37 2.40 18.00 36.70 69.30 13.70 20.90 46.15 15.15 7.02 4.32 4.27 7.88 35.35 148.00 18.30 35.75 64.20 20.45 8.81 6.68 4.38 13.90 29.00 68.10 13.40 19.70 32.20 22.70 8.16 6.28 5.23 6.17 29.80

66.10 11 .80, 21.80 32.60 16.50 6.00 4.59 4.80 9.16 38.00 ..

84.60 14.70 26.30 41 .10 19.60 6.19 5.71 5.91 8.85 42.40 119.00 17.70 34.00 61 .20 22.20 10.50 6.70 8.81 12.70 37.70 75.35 13.25 24.05 36.85 18.05 6.10 5.15 5.36 9.01 . 40.20 119.00 17.70 34.00 61.20 22.20 10.5Q 6.70 8.81 12.70 37.70 84.00 12.40 21.20 38.60 12.60 8.56 5.49 5.95 10.60 39.30 128.00 14.30 36.30 61.60 17.70 12.70 7.28 9.15 16.20 36.60 81.00 11.60 21.60 37.70 16.00 7.16 6.49 6.28 10.90 36.20

69.00 10.80 18.10 29.80 14.70 8.01 5.92 5.68 7.25 39.70 144.00 18.40 32.20 59.10 19.00 11.90 11 .50 12.70 13.40 36.00 75.00 11.20 19.85 33.75 15.35 7.59 6.21 5.98 9.08 37.95 144.00 18.40 32.20 59.10 19.00 11.90 11.50 12.70 13.40 36.00 71.00 11 .20 20.00 35.30 13.30 4.65 3.07 4.60 6.42 18.40 110.00 12.90 33.80 56.60 14.10 9.64 4.68 7.42 9.80 14.20 73.80 11.00 21.10 34.10 13.50 4.95 3.24 4.27 7.74 24.00 97.80 13.00 33.20 55.10 14.90 8.21 4.26 6.66' 10.50 19. 10 72.40 11.10 20.55 34.70 13.40 4.80 ' 3.16 4.44 7.08 21.20 103.90 12.95 33.50 55.85 14.50 8.93 4.47 7.04 10.15 16.65 72.80 10.80 19.90 34.10 13.00 9.51 6.90 6.57 11.40 37.20 107.00 12.20 33.70 61.80 16.00 13.50 9.59 11.40 15.60 .24.60 72.40 12.70 21.50 35.50 17.40 11.30 6.54 6.17 9.34 31.50 133.00 16.00 39.40 71 .60 19.70 12.40 10.40 12.30 12.20 33.40 79.70 13.50 27.70 43.40 8.80 ' 12.40 6.76 6.65 9.83 40.60

-74.97 12.33 23.03 37.67 13.07 11.07 6.73 6.46 10.19 36.43 120.00 14.10 36.55 66.70 17.8~ 12.95 10.00 11.85 13.90 29.00 68.40 12.40 19.80 31.90 16.80 3.84 3.28 3.58 7.90 36.10 111.00 15.30 36.20 56.80 1.~.80 6.62 4.83 6.10 11 .10 29.30 68.00 11 .30 17.70- 31 .00 14.30 5.35 '3.39 3.84 7.21 33.60 116.00 15.20 33.40 60.20 18.10 7.81 11.60 24.90 47.70 8.08 17.70 25.30 ii.40 4.15 2.7~ 3.29 6.39 42.90 79.10 9.80 23.30 40.40 1 1.70 6.46 3.4'3 4.65 8.87 22.80 57.70 12.00 17.00 27.10 15.40 3.35' 2.64 2.84 5.49 21.00 104.00 15.90 34.00 55.90 19.40 66~. 4.15 5.39 10.50 25.50

19

Page 21: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6)

Famy, Laguna 5 Green 0.58 37.20 12% 0.66 62.40

Real, Quezon Green 0.59 38.80 12% 0.64 78.30

Species Total (Trees)/Average 14 Green 0.55 36.45 12% 0.62 64.90

Malaruhat [Cleistocalyx operculatus Real, Quezon 2 Green 0.68 43.50 (Roxb.) Merr. & Merr.] 12%

Malasaging [Aglaia edulis (Roxb.) Tungao, Agusan del 1 Green 0.60 53.10 Wall.) Sur 12%

Malugai (Pometia pinnata Forst & Butuan City Green 0.54 31.50 Forst.) 12% 0.58 53.30

Asuncion, Davao del 2 Green 0.54 31.30 Norte 12% 0.63 59.70

Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.52 37.10 12% 0.58 79.00

Tanay, Rizal Green 0.68 44.50 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 6 Green 0.57 .36.10 12% 0.60 64.00

Malugai-liitan (Pometia pinnata Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.66 35.50 forma repanda Jacobs) 12% 0.72 64.90

Famy, Laguna 2 Green 0.61 32.40 12% 0.69 74.90

Real, Quezon Green 0.65 41.50 12%

Cagwit, Surigao det 1 Green 0.86 ·;:11-Sur 12% 1.00 . t ' .. · .. ,. ~' . :~ f. . )/ ,: :·

Species Total (Trees)/Average 6 Green 0.70 36.03 12% 0.80 72.63

Manggis [Koompassia exce/sa Quezon, Palawan Green 0.70 52.70 (Becc.) Taub.] 12% 0.76 97.60

Maniknik (Palaquium ·tenuipetiolatum Real, Quezon Green 0.52 39.30 Merr.) 12%

Molave (Vitex parvif/ora Juss.) Makiling, Laguna 3 Green 0.67 57.20 12% 0.72 75.10

Masinloc, Zambales Green· 0.75 59.60 12% 0.82 66.40

Species Total (Trees)/Average 4 Green 0.71 58.40 12% 0.77 70.75

Narra (Pterocarpus indicus Willd. Makiling, Laguna 4 Green 0.50 44.40 f orma indicus ) 12% 0.52 60.00

Pagbilao, Quezon Green 0.57 44.20 12% 0.59 47.80

Real, Quezon 3 Green 0.53 46.20 12% 0.55 66.20

Species Total (Trees)/ Average 8 Green 0.53 44.93 12% 0.55 58.00

Pahutan (Mangifera altissima Famy, Laguna 1 Green 0.55 37.20 Blanco) 12% 0.56 59.50

20

Page 22: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) . ()4) (15) ('16)

63.80 11.50 18.60 29.90 15.40 4.58 3.55 3.58 7.07 . 32.40 113.00 16.10 29.80 58.40 20.20 7.63 5.43 6.65 12.40 34.30 73.80 13.30 24.00 34.50 17.20 4.42 4.26 3.86 8.25 33.00 113.00 15,30 32.60 56.00 21.70 7.05 4.92 5.45 11.30 28.00 63.23 11.43 19.13 29.95 14.92 4.28 3.32 3.50 7.05 33.17

106.02 14.60 31.55 54.62 18.32 7.03 4.55 5.65 10.96 27.47 67.70 10.30 21.90 35.30 12.10 7.76 5.62 5.26 9.25 38.10

68.50 11.80 27.20 37.70 16.30 8.57 5.22 5.10 8.55 25.50

55.80 9.39 16.80 28.80 12.10 3.98 3.72 3.87 8.38 26.80 94.20 12.40 32.20 50.00 1510 8.67 5.36 7.06 12.10 28.30 52.00 9.43 16.50 25.70 11.60 5-29 3.35 3.59 6.88 31.60 .99.20 12.70 28.40 53.60 16.40 5.82 7.34 12.90 34.10 60.80 11.20 3.80 4.03 13.00 114.00 13.20 4.95 6.73 29.70 69.90 12.40 22.90 34.00 14.40 7.94 7.26 5.67 11.40 42.80

59.63 10.61 18.73 29.50 12.70 5.74 4.53 4.29 8.89 28.55 102.47 12.77 30.30 51.80 15.75 8.67 5.38 7.04 12.50 30.70 58.10 10.50 22.80 30.80 12.40 8.31 5.81 5.28 9.16 42.60 112.00 13.30 33.70 57.20 16.20 11.30 9.01 9.35 14.20 35.20 58.70 12.10 19.40 28.40 14.60 4.98 3.74 3.23 7.82 45.90 110.00 15.70 38.20 58.20 17.80 10.90 5.95 5.99 12.10 31.70 63.50 9.00 17.60 27.60 10.60 8.59 5.34 5.22 10.60 47.80

84.83 8.72 41.54 10.31 10.87 9.33 11.39 73.00 162.77 14.93 66.77 16.09 17.94 21.67 30.22 66.28 10.08 19.93 32.09 12.53 8.05 6.44 5.77 9.74 52.33

128.26. 14.64 35.95 60.72 17.00 11.10 10.35 11.09 15.99 32.37 87.10 14.90 28.40 46.80 20.00 7.76 6.40 6.21 9.37 53.40 146.00 18.10 43.90 76.20 22.40 12.40 9.41 10.40 12.60 51.60 66.30 10.50 21.70 30.00 13.20 4.47 3.44 4.19 9.39 32.00

89.30 10.80 31.70 47.90 12.80 12.90 8.05 6.84 12.20 63.50 120.00 13.80 37.00 65.10 15.10 15.40 7.58 13.00 37.60 96.50 11.10 32.10 48.10 18.30 7.22 10.80 63.30 114.00 19.50 46.60 67.40 18.70 7.32 13.10 32.40 92.90 10.95 31.90 48.00 12.80 15.60 8.05 7.03 11.50 63.40

117.00 16.65 41.80 66.25 15.10 17.05 7.45 13.05 35.00 68.60 9.90 4.61 3.54 3.99 6.72 . 38.60 95.60 12.10 8..05 3.87 4.54 10.70 33.20 63.60 9.00 27.40 36.00 10.30 7 .. 43. 4.10 4.30 8.91,. 35.60 70.50 10.40 31.50 51.50 1.2.20 11:-10 4.80 5.86 1.0.5C 28.60 69.60 10.20 21.80 35.50 12.40 8.19 4.80 4.83 9.19 34.00 98.00 11.70 34.20 54.40 13.80 11 .60 5.32 6.79 11.40 26.80 67.27 9.70 24.60 35.75 11.35 6.74 4.15 4.37 8.27 36.07 88.03 11.40 32.85' 52.95 13.00 10.25 4.66 5.73 10.87 29~53 64.80 10.00 20.90 30.60 14.10 6.28 4.22 4.57 9.37 33.70 103.00 13.10 33.20 52.10 15.80 9.90 4.51 6.42 10.60 22.40

' .

Page 23: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

( 1} (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6}

Real, Quezon Green 0.59 42.00 12%

Mayantoc, Tarlac 3 Green 0.56 37.40 12% 0.57 72,00

Masinloc, Zambales 2 Green 0.53 35.10 12% 0.55 54.80

Acoje, Zambales 2 Green 0.53 39.30 12% 0.58 55.60

Masinloc, Zambales Green 0.55 41.60 12% 0.56 53.90

Sta. Cruz, Zambales 2 Green 0.56 38.20 12% 0.59 68.50

8pocl&s Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.55 38.69 12% 0.57 60.72

Polak-palak (Palaquium lanceolatum Makiling, Laguna Green 0.52 46.50 Blanco) 12% 0.60 32.80

Butuan City Green 0.68 66.10 12% 0.68 66.10

Sibul, Bulacan Green 0.66 51.50 12% 0.73 78.40

Famy, Laguna· 5 Green 0.62 39.80 12% 0.70 79.10

Real, Quezon 4 Green 0.62 39.50 12% 0.69 69.70

Lanuza, Surigao del 4 Green 0.56 37.10 Sur 12%

Capas, Tarlac 1 Green 0.56 38.20 12%

Mayantoc, T arlac 3 Green 0.61 43.30 12% 0.68 77.20

Species Total (Trees)/Average 20 Green 0.60 45.25 1~% 0.68 67.22

~anau, leaf-tailed (Dipterocarpus Camarines Norte 1 Green 0.60 40.60 oaudatus Foxw. ssp. caudatus ) 12% 0.68 70.80

F>langa (Ganua obovatifolia (Merr.) Sibul, Bulacan Green 0.58 40.90 Assam] 12% 0.62 40,00

Famy, Laguna 1 Green 0.60 34.20 12% 0.64 60.40

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.59 38,57 12% 0.65 57.07

Sakal (Terminalia nitens Presl) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.56 49.90 12% 0.62 65.20

Sli\lakln [Aphanamixis cumingiana Makiling, Laguna Green 0.58 39.50 (C. DC.) Harms.] 12% 0.64 64.30

Tallsai-gubal (Terminalia Quezon, Palawan 3 Green 0.57 46.00 foet/d/ssima Griff.) 12% 0.61 69.10

Toog [Petersianthus quadria/atus Butuan City Green 0.61 41 .70 (Marr.) Merr.] 12% 0.72 70.70

Monkayo, Davao del Green 0.59 37.10 Norte 12% 0.66 60.40

Page 24: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

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60.30 9.30 20.10 32.90 14.30 6.84 4.35 4.68 8.64 22.10

59.90 11 .10 18.70 29.90 13.90 4.82 4.20 4.35 8.37 30.50 1'09.00 13.50 33.60 52.80 16.60 9.76 4.82 6.61 10.50 29.70 63.00 10.90 18.00 28.60 13.20 4.74 3.33 3.84 8.35 18.30 92.70 13.10 33.20 48.30 15.20 7.65 4.55 6.22 10.30 21.40 66.80 10.60 31.30 35.70 7.42 3.80 3.80 8.88 31 .10 85.80 13.10 39.00 50.30 9.09 8.25 4.69 6.13 10.70 25.70 67.90 12.40 20.00 32.90 16.70 4.74 3.73 4.04 8.15 34.00 95.50 13.80 31.40 50.40 17.00 8.25 4.05 5.38 8.88 23.30 63.10 11.40 19.50 30.20 14.10 4.84 3.84 4.17 8.03 27.70 94.40 14.40 30.90 53.50 16.40 9.51 4.41 5.84 10.00 20.60 63.69 10.81 21 .21 31.54 13.39 5.38 3.92 4.21 8.54 28.20 96.73 13.50 33.55 51.23 15.02 8.68 4.51 6.10 10.16 23.85 70.90 11.10 24.70 34.50 14.00 5.88 3.94 4.24 7.70 40.50 58.40 11.40 14.40 29.10 17.20 4.08 3.12 3.15 6.63 24.90

104.00 16.50 35.40 57.80 22.00 6.85 5.13 5.84 10.70 104.00 16.50 35.40 57.80 22.00 6.85 5.13 5.84 10.70 79.20 15.70 22.00 39.30 18.60 5.25 4.22 4.41 8 .56 32.40 124.00 17.90 42.90 70.10 22.10 8.89 5.72 6.75 12.40 . 35.50 67.80 13.70 21.00 33.30 18.00 5.77 3.90 3.62 7.30 32.40 121.0Q 17.80 39.80 64.20 22.70 8.68 5.99 6.92 11.90 38.40 65.90 12.40 21.20 32.20 15.50 4.71 3.98 3.78 7.42 28.50 109.00 16.30 32.80 59.70 21.20 8.31 5.52 6.69 12.20 28.30 62.20 10.20 19.30 30.50 14.70 5.42 3.52 3.65 7.24 24.40

62.90 12.20 17.70 27.90 16.70 4.30 3.17 2.96 6.19 26.00

69.80 12.80 21 .00 33.40 16.70 5.09 3.86 4.07 7.10 27.70 115.00 16.80 40.90 60.20 20.10 8.16 . 5.32 6.26 11.20 32.70 72.84 13.08 22.79 36.11 17.03 5.41 3.97 4.07 7.76 30.27 105.23 16.12 34.37 56.85 20.88 7.50 5.13 5.94 10.84 31.96 68.90 12.20 17.70 32.10 15.40 5.34 2.68 3.82 6.72 38.70 123.00 16.40 34.80 57.70 19.70 7.24 5.94 7.30 15.40 35.40 79.10 13.50 17.90 34.10 17.40 5.03 4.14 4.44 8.75 40.30 116.00 14.70 35.80 56.50 18.70 8.70 5.49 7.31 10.20 26.10 56.70 9.43 19.00 28.00 11.90 5.98 4.32 4.29 8.65 48.00 97.10 11.80 30.10 46.70 14.40 9.65 6.05 8.10 12.60 30.90 68.23 11.71 17.80 31.40 14.90 5.45 3.71 4.18 8.04 42.33 112.03 14.30 33.57 53.63 17.60 8.53 5.83 7.57 12.73 30.80 71.40 9.43 5.67 4.38 5.38 35.40 87.00 12.10 13.20 5.51 8.37 22.90 63.60 9.30 16.50 30.70 11 .30 6.49 4.37 5.27 7.74 41.70 89.80 11.40 33.60 58.10 16.30 9 .72 4.51 7.14 8.98 28.40 78.30 12.20 21 .50 36.10 15.20 5.80 4.40 5.10 8.50 48.70 113.00 14.30 36.10 60.80 17.20 9.40 5.70 7.80 12.1\0 27.70 68.90 11.20 23.40 33.40 12.90 4.71 5.15 5.20 8.7i· 37.70 119.00 14.30 33.10 58.40 16.60 7.10 12.20 27.90 59.40 9.24 18.60 29.30 11.50 6.32 5.04 5.50 7.94 24.30 101 .00 12.40 29.10 53.30 15.00 9.72 5.99 8.18 13.80 21.10

23

Page 25: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6)

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.59 41.60 12% 0.66 66.73

Ulaian [Lithocarpus llanosii (A.DC.) Davao del Norte 1 Green 0.62 44.50 Rehd.] 12%

Tungao, Agusan del Su 2 Green 0.52 15.30 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 3 Green 0.57 37.30 12% 0.63 64.75

Yakal kaliot (Hopea malibato Foxw.) Famy, Laguna 3 Green 0.63 52.20 12% 0.67 85.00

Real, Quezon 2 Green 0.61 49.00 12% 0.62 53.70

Species Total (Trees)/Av~rage 5 Green 0.62 50.60 12% 0.65 69.35

B. Lesser-Known SQecies Balakat [Ziziphus talanai (Blanco) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.56 40.40

Merr.] 12% 0.58 60.80 Nagtipunan, Quirino 2 Green 0.56 26.98

12% 0.61 35.68 Casiguran, Aurora Green 0.54 39.58

12% 0.59 50.96 Species Total (Trees)/Average 4 Green 0.55 35.65

12% 0.60 49.15 Balikbikan (Drypetes longifolia Makiling, Laguna Green 0.75 52.40

(Blume) Pax & K. Hoffm.] 12% 0.80 79.30 Bokbok (Xanthophyllum flavescens Famy, Laguna 4 Green 0.66 44.20

Roxb.) 12.% 0.72 49.10 . Masinloc, Zambales Green 0.63 50.20

12% 0.67 74.40 Acoje, Zam bales 5 Green \ 0.63 44.80

.12% Species Total (Trees)/Average 10 Green 0.64 46.40

12% 0.70 61.75 Gatasan [ Garcinia venolusa (Blanco) Acoje, Zambales 5 Green 0.67 52.20

Choisy] 12% Gisau (Canarium vrieseanum Engl.) Real, Quezon 1 Green 0.57 39.00

12% 0.63 63.40 Kalamansanai Group [Neonaucfea Casiguran, Aurora 1 Green 0.62 31.54

calycina (Bartl. ex DC.) Marr.] 12% 0.69 62.48 Kalingag (Cinnamomum mercadoi Magipit, North Cotabatc Green 0.67 55.10 Vidal) 12%

Tungao, Agusan 1 Green 0.40 33.70 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.54 44.40 12%

Kapulasan [Nephe/ium lappaceum L. Dilasag, Aurora Green 0.69 34.54 var. pal/ens (Hiem) Leenh.] 12% 0.78 78.98

Langil [A/bizia /ebbek (L.) Benth.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.68 47.90 12%

24

Page 26: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)

68.87 10.88 21.17 32.93 13.20 5.61 4.86 5.27 8.39 36.90 111.00 13;67 32.77 57.50 16.27 8.74 5.85 7.99 12.70 25.57 66.90 9:02 21.40 35.70 12.70 9.68 6.04 5.77 10.40 33.30

62.00 9.25 27.10 33.90 12.20 5.87 3.92 4.44 9.31 35.00 -

65.98 9.25 21.67 33.43 12.07 6.93 4.68 5.22 9.15 36,35 88.84 11.75 33.60 58.10 16.30 11.46 5.01 7.75 8.98 25.65 85.00 14.80 27.60 37.20 17.70 7.63 5.34 5.68 10.70 39.40 137.00 18.30 43.10 65.80 20.60 11.30 6.71 7.92 11.10 36.60

76.0 12.70 20.00 38.80 17.10 6.51 5.36 5.21 10.40 46.10 '96.70 12.80 31.40 56.10 19.80 8.74 5.79 7.37 13.40 35.10

85.00 13.75 23.80 38.00 17.40 7.07 5.35 5.45 10.55 42.75 116.85 15.55 37.25 60.95 20.20 10.02 6.25 7.65 12.25 35.85

72.10 9.80 25.10 34.60 11.60 6.42 4.95 5.29 10.10 49.06 104.00 11.80 29.10 49.50 14.00 8.89 5.61 7.66 12.90 24.60 58.92 6.94 27.60 6.32 4.86 4.63 9.55 42.68 82.35 8.76 43.32 8.26 5.94 7.60 14.08 35.02 51.38 7.63 26.02 5.80 3.41 4.29 '7.26 13.74 90.50 10.47 39.65 7.33 6.32 8.17 1.1.96 22.26 60.80 8.12 25.10 29.41 11.00 6.18 4.41 4.74 8.97 35.16 92.28 10.34 29.10 44.16 14.00 8.16 5.96 7.81 12.98' 27.29 86.60 12.90 23.80 40.10 14.20 7.74 8.84 6.81 8.60 70.30 145.00 15.00 40.00 67.20 17.60 13.50 9.90 12.40 14.40 ' 56.40 70.80 10.10 20.80 33.50 13.50 6.30 4.80 5.26 8.65 39.80 122.00 14.60 33.20 61.50 17.60 11.50 7.80 9.62 12.40 45.30 80.80 15.20 22.70 36.80 19.70 6.18 4.79 5.41 7.46 29.80 114.00 17.80 37.20 63.50 22.20 11.00 6.67 7.93 10.80 31.90 64.80 10.00 26.40 36.60 7.26 •7.68 4.88 5.39 9.74 29.80

72.13 11.77 23.30 35.63 13.49 6.72 4.82 5.35 8.62 33.13 118.00 16.20 35.20 62.50 19.90 11.25 7.24 8.18 11.60 38.~0

79.10 11.50 30.20 42.10 10.10 7.22 5.52 5.60 9.74 38.50

63.50 11.90 20.50 31.20 14.00 5.97 4.67 4.70 9.01 41.30 114.00 15.10 34.70 52.20 16.90 7.65 5.91 7.81 12.10 38.30 72.54 9.17 29.21 7.30 5.73 6.20 8.87 39.72 110.21 13.16 53.21 10.97 7.73 9.33 12.99 37.36 85.90 12.70 28.40 47.10 19.50 8.39 5.62 5.63 9.76 30.80

48.00 6.72 16.10 22.70 9.15 3.02 2.56 2.57 8.60 18.60

66.95 9.71 22.25 34.90 14.33 5.71 4.09 4.10 9.18 24.70

70.92 10.78 .31.37 7.54 6.50 6.09 9.35 46.83 133.07 13.85 52.15 12.40 9.35 9.69 16.40 45.64 76.10 11.10 26.10 41. 10 12.60 10.50 8.43 7.04 ~ 1.50 43.20

25

Page 27: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6)

Patangis [Magnolia candollei (Blume) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.70 44.40 Keng var. candollei ] 12%

Siar [Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.60 · 45.30 K. Heyne] 12%

Tamayuan ([strombosia Makiling, Laguna Green 0.74 64.50 philippinensis (Bai II.) Rolfe] 12% 0.78 83.10

Uas [Harpullia arborea (Blanco) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.60 36.00 Radlk.] 12% 0.61 57.10

Vidal lanutan [Hibiscus campylosiphon Makiling, Laguna 4 Green 0.51 40.90 Turcz. var. glabrescens (Warb. ex 12% 0.52 60.60 Perk.) Borss.]

C. Plantation S12ecies Acacia crassicarpa . A Cunn. ex Agusan del Sur Green 0.62 42.40

Ben th 12% Acacia cincinnata Agusan del Sur Green 0.64 32.20

12% Banaba [Lagerstroemia speciosa Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.53 35.30

(L.) Pers.] 12% 0.59 57.20 lpil-ipil, Giant [Leucaena pulverulenta Canlubang, Laguna 2 Green 0.49 37.50

(Schldl.) Benth.) 12% Burgos, !locos Sur 3 Green 0.58 28.11

12% Species Total (Trees)/Average 5 Green 0.53 32.81

12%

Ill. Medium strength Group A Commercial S12ecies Antipolo [Artocarpus blancoi (Elmer) sta. Cruz, Zambales Green 0.50 54.10

Marr.] 12% Tungao,Agusan Green 0.39 32.90

12°.(o Species Total (Trees}/Average 2 Green 0.45 43.50

12% Apitong (Dipterocarpus grandiflorus Lal-lo, Cagayan Green 0.69 39.30

Blanco) 12% 0.83 94.10 Famy, Laguna Green 0.62 43.20

12% 0.72 76.80 Real, Quezon 7 Green 0.62 33.70

12% 0.72 70.60 Tagkawayan, Quezon 4 Green 0.60 33.40

12% 0.73 74.00 Quezon, Palawan 3 Green 0.57 35.80

12% 0.68 65.90 Masinloc, Zambales 4 Green 0.66 38.30

12% 0.77 75.60 Sta. Cruz, Zambales Green 0.67 37.50

12% 0.80 73.10 Species Total (Trees)/Average 21 Green 0.63 37.31

12% 0.75 5.73

Page 28: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

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75.30 11.80 19.80 34.60 13.00 . 7.30 7.45 6.90 10.80 62.20

67.20 9.90 22.40 37.20 11.80 15.10 6.38 6.07 9.51 33.80

76.60 12.40 31.80 49.10 13.40 16.60 10.30 8.99 12.90 56.10 121.00 13.60 38.10 65.80 17.80 16.80 11 .60 13.50 15.20 22.40 66.20 8.98 17.70 26.80 11.10 6.19 4.96 4.98 8.79 52.60 98.00 10.60 27.60 46.20 12.20 10.00 5.87 8.48 13.40 19.80 74.30 9.72 19.00 26.70 10.90 5 .. 44 4.29 4.82 9.90 45.10 100.00 10.60 21 .00 40.00 11.30 10.40 5.34 6.99 11.80 30.00

74.40 11.30 16.60 23.80 7.68 5.40 4.52 5.63 8.42

60.20 9.62 20.20 27.20 10.18 6.09 4.30 4.52 9.42

63.70 8.94 18.50 20.40 10:90 7.81 4.70 5.00 9.37 40.90 96.60 10.60 29.70 50.00 12.70 9.34 6.30 7.29 10."?:Q 31.50 63.70 9.08 17.20 32.00 10.00 6.53 4.58 5.06 9.80 34.20

67.86 9.03 30.62 6.59 6.01 6.52 10.84 30.59

65.78 9.96 17.20 31.31 10.00 6.56 5.30 5.79 10.32 32.40

70.50 11.30 21.00 34.70 14.20 6.88 4.75 4.89 8.07 17.10

46.50 6.70 16.70 22.00 9.53 2.36 2.18 2.54 5.44 15.30

58.50 9.00 18.85 28.35 11.87 4.62 3.47 3.72 6.76 16.20

76'.80 15.10 20.10 37.40 22.40 4.69 5.17 4.77 14.20 29.30 154.00 21.40 43.70 77.40 27.90 9.78 9.74 11.60 13.50 33.90 67.30 13,60 23.00 34.30 19.00 5.62 4.21 3.98 7.22 28.80 124.00 17.40 40.30 69.40 23.40 8.72 7.19 8.48 13.00 . 34.60 . 59.60 12.30 17.70 28.10 17.10 4,29 3.81 3.60 7.39 28.20 116.00 17.40 34.10 59.30 22.70 7.79 6.60 7.43 12.70 31.30 57.50 12.40 18.30 27.10 14.30 4.61 3.18 3.24 6.90 23.40 121.00 17.90 37.20 62.00 21 .50 8.12 6.15 7.20 12.40 28.50 58.90 12.90 19.00 29.50 17.10 4.08 3.28 3.47 6.34 22.60

106.00 15.90 35.70 59.40 21 .60 7.66 5.20 6.29 9.77· 29.40 69.50 14.10 20.10 31 .70 1°9.20 5.22 4.44 4.32 8.29. 27.60 129.00 18.90 42.·10 68.70 23.90 10.00 7.59 8:38 . 12.90 40.60 58.60 13.10 18.70 30.80 17.90 6.14 4.52 4.52 7.70 31 .80

115.00 17.70 39.60 68.20 25.50 9.27 7.90 8.99 11 .70 43.10 64.03 13.36 19.56 31.27 18.14 4.95 4.09 3.99 8.29 27.~9

·123.57 18.09 38.96 66.34 23.79 8.76 7.20 8.34 12.28 34.49

27

Page 29: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6)

Apitong, Basilan (Dipterocarpus Monkayo, Davao del Green 0.56 44.90 eurynchus Miq.) Norte 12%

Bislig, Surigao del Sur Green 0.51 32.20 12% 0.58 67.40

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.54 38.55 12% 0.58 67.40

Apitong Broad-winged Butuan City Green 0.49 33.30 (Dipterocarpus kunstleri King) 12% 0.55 59.20

Lal-lo, Cagayan Green 0.56 34.00 12% 0.65 73.70

Camarines, Norte 3 Green 0.52 32.30 12% 0.56 55.70

Sipalay, Negros Green 0.56 35.80 Occidental 12% 0.67 69.70

Real, Quezon 2 Green 0.55 35.60 12% 0.61 62.00

Tagkawayan,Quezon 5 Green 0.54 35.20 12% 0.62 64.50

Bislig, SUrigao del Sur Green 0.52 38.70 12% 0.59 73.40

'species Total (Trees)/Average 14 Green 0.53 34.99 12% 0.61 65.46

Bagtikan [Parashorea malaanonan Butuan City Green 0.43 31.70 (Blanco) Merr.J 12% 0.46 55.50

Sibul, Bulacan 5 Green 0.50 40.80 12% 0.55 62.50

Camarines, Norte 2 Green 0.47 32.60 12% 0.49 53.30

Asuncion, Davao del Green 0.48 33.70 Norte 12%

Famy, Laguna 5 · Green 0.52 37.30 12% . 0.56 61 .20

Makilin'g, Laguna 5 Green 0.48 35.70 12% 0.50 57.90

Pagbilao, Quezon 2 Green 0.51 45.80 12% 0.56 65.60

Real, Quezon Green 0.49 34.20 12% 0.50 48.20

Bassey, Samar 4 Green 0.50 38.50 12%

Bislig, Surigao del Sur Green 0.41 34.30 12% 0.43 .45.4

Species Total (Trees)/Average 27 Green 0.48 36.46 12% 0.51 57.74

Bitaog (Ca/ophyllum inophyllum L.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.56 29.90 12% 0.59 56.00

Dagang (Anisoptera a urea Foxw.) Camarines Norte Green 0.53 29.90 12% 0.60 56.00

Famy, Laguna 5 Green 0.48 · 30.80 12% 0.53 51.20

Page 30: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

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63.60 14.70 21.40 31.40 16.20 4.58 3.14 3.50 6.76 25.90

53.00 10.70 15.30 24.40 13.50 3.33 2.91 3.17 6.95 27.40 97.80 15. 10 32.20 50.90 18.20 5.54 4.03 4.84 9.34 27.80 58.30 12.70 18.35 27.90 14.85 3.96 3.03 3.34 6.86 26.65, 97.80 15.10 32.20 50.90 18.20 5.54 4.03 4.84 9.34 27.80 52.80 11 .10 16.50 25.30 15.00 3.47 2.35 2.83 6.04 23.50 96.10 14.40 37.70 52.80 19.20 4.49 3.91 4.48 9.26 23.90 57.10 9.90 16.90 26.50 12.70 4.20 3.14 3.44 6.76 37.40

107.00 15.00 32.40 56.10 16.60 8.35 4.99 6.13 12.40 30.00 54.80 10.10 17.20 27.20 12.70 3.46 2.90 3.23 7.10 21.50 93.30 13.20 31.40 51.10 16.50 5.34 3.85 4.98 10.00 24.20 59.40 11 .50 16.70 26.60 14.80 3.86 2.93 3.36 6.80 26.90

111.00 16.10 35.10 60.20 20.00 7.74 4.71 6.20 11 .20 27.10 62.50 12.30 16.90 31.10 15.70 3.80 3.73 3.63 7.20 28.40 97.70 14.30 30.20 55.10 20.00 6.32 4.97 5.60 11.10 32.40 61.90 11.90 17.80 29.30 14.20 4.40 3.10 3.35 6.36 31.00 108.00 15.30 36.20 55.50 18.20 6.59 4.41 5.42 10.70 32.90 59.10 12.10 18.50 29.50 15.30 4.08 2.99 3.18 5.90

101.00 14.90 38.10 57.00 18.60 8.05 4.39 5.32 11.90 58.23 11.27 17.21 27.93 14.34 3.90 3.02 3.29 6.59 28.12 102.01 14.74 34.44 55.40 18.44 6.70 4.46 5.45 10.94 28.42 55.50 9.80 19.10 29.00 12.60 3.04 2.58 2.58 7.02 17.00 84.40 12.30 27.80 42.80 13.70 5.1 7 3.02 2.82 8.83 22.90 67.90 11.80 20.70 32.80 14.60 4.65 3.44 3.56 7.05 . 43.10

100.00 13.70 32.80 52.20 16.60 6.54 4.36 4.26 8.37 36.QO 57.90 9.09 18.40 29.50 12.10 3.84 2.91 2.86 7.47 .48:86 85.00 11.60 29.00 43.90 12.70 6.15 3.51 3.45 8.53 34.00 53.00 10.80 15.30 30.60 15.10 2.95 2.96 2.95 6.68 19.00

62.90 11.40 21.70 30.80 14.70 5.00 3.43 3.10 7.03 41.70 97.20 13.90 30.80 50.80 16.90 6.35 4.08 3.82 10.30 35.40 60.70 9.80 19.40 29.30 12.40 4.22 3.30 3.30 7.80 39.30 87.40 11.60 31 .00 45.30 13.70 6.99 3.82 3.80 10.50 27.80 6!i).OO 11.90 24.10 32.80 14.90 5.20 3.45 3.46 7.46 44.80 99.00 14.20 32.20 52.00 17.80 6.81 4.14 4.56 9.72 37.60 61 .20 10.40 16.10 26.10 14.80 3.40 3.05 7.44 37.00 83.40 12.90 20.70 42.40 17.40 4.80 3.17 9.07 27.80 67.20 8.50 19.90 33.90 11.90 7.25 4.39 4.36 9.18 38.20

52.20 7.80 16.20 23.60 10.00 3.22 2.21 2.10 6.02 33.10 75.00 10.70 22.10 .38.9 .13.4 .4.66 2.55 3.02 7.87 22.80 60.75 10.13 19.09 29.84 13.31 4.28 3.19 3.13 7.32 36.20 88.93 12.61 28.30 47.06 15.54 6.12 3.64 3.61 9.15 30.54 45.30 10.50 15.00 25.00 14.50 3.26' 3.84 3.00 5.70 17.70 88.10 13.90 31.50 48.50 16.20 5.88 4.24 3.89 8.14 34.50 45.30 10.50 15.00 ?_5.qo 14.50 3.26 3.84 3.00 5.70 17.70 88.10 13.90 31 .50 48.50 16.m 5.88 4.24 3.89 8.14 34.50 49.20 9.40 16.90 25.10 12.60 -4.87 2.95 2.74 6.49 27.10 82.20 11.70 26.70 43.70 14.20 5.90 3.65 3.« 8.94 23.30

29

Page 31: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6)

Real, Quezon 3 Green 0.55 34.00 12% 0.61 54.00

Tagkawayan, Quezon Green 0.52 31.80 12% 0.58 51.90

Species Total (Trees)fAverage 11 Green 0.52 31.63 12% 0.58 53.28

Hagakhak ((Dipterocarpus validus Butuan City Green 0.53 33.60 Blume) 12% 0.57 61.60

Sabud, Agusan del Green 0.47 31 .80 Sur 12%

Bislig, Surigao del Sur Green 0.52 40.30 12% 0.57 69.60

Tungao, Agusan del Green 0.48 37.70 Sur 12%

Species Total (Trees)/ Average 4 Green 0.50 35.85 12% 0.57 65.60

Kalumpit (Terminalia microcarpa Makiling, Laguna Green 0.48 39.10 Deena.) 12% 0.51 51.40

Kalman (Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.62 24.90 12% 0.66

Real, Quezon Green 0.68 52.70 12%

Species Total (Trees)IAverage 2 Green 0.65 38.80 12% 0.66

Kuling-babui (Dysoxy/um exce/sum Capas, Tarlac Green 0.44 30.60 Blume) 12% 0.47 47.60

Kuling-manuk (Aglaia /uzoniensis Pagdanan, Palawan Green 0.51 38.90 (Vidal) Merr. & Rolfe] 12%

Lamio (Dracontomefon edufe (Blanco) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.44 33.10 Skeels] 12% 0.48 53.90

Lanipau (Terminalia cope/andii Elmer) Butuan City 5 Green 0.44 33.00 12%. 0.48 50.00

Lanutan-bagyo [ Gonystylus Famy, Laguna 2 Green 0.52 32. 10 macrophyfus ( Miq.) Airy Shaw] 12% 0.56 57.40

Real, Quezon Green 0.48 26.30 12% 0.51 55.40

Masinloc, Zambales Green 0.59 40.30 12% 0.61 66.60

Dipaculao, Aurora Green 0.39 19.34 12% 0.42 34.56

Species Total (Trees)/Average 5 Green 0.50 29.51 12% 0.53 53.49

Lauan, Red (Shorea negrosensis Butuan City Green 0.38 24.50 Foxw.) 12% 0.42 44.50

Sibul, Bulacan Green 0.39 28.70 12% 0.42 44.10

Claveria, Cagayan Green 0.54 38.10 12% 0.58 58.30

Sanchez Mira, 2 Green 0.45 31 .30 Cagayan 12% 0.52 50.70

Page 32: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

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54.50 10.30 17.40 27.60 13.20 6.21 4.32 3.82 7.33 35.50 93.60 12.70 27.20 45.90 15.50 7.24 4.67 4.41 11.20 35.50 52.70 8.72 16.20 25.80 10.40 6 .80 3.86 3.55 7.47 37.80 91 .70 11.00 24.50 46.00 12.40 7.25 4.32 4.55 11.30 23.90 50.43 9.73 16.38 25.88 12.68 5.29 3.74 88.90 12.33 27.48 46.03 14.58 6.57 4.22 4.07 56.20 11.90 20.10 30.10 15.40 3.40 2.65 2.79 6.49 16.90. 93.70 15.20 34.20 50.90 17.90 4 .98 3.28 4.09 9.40 16.70 53.40 9.16 14.90 22.70 11.40 2 .34 2.44 2.59 5.81 18.30

63.40 11.70 16.70 29.30 14.70 3.84 2.81 2.23 6.74 18.70 10.40 12.90 37.40 53.70 17.70 6 .02 3.78 4.65 9.53 33.20 54.90 8.80 18.20 25.80 13.00 3.45 2.40 2.21 6.37 16.00

56.98 10.39 17.48 26.98 13.63 3.26 2.58 2.46 6.35 17.48 52.05 14.05 35.80 52.30 17.80 5.50 3.53 4.37 9.47 24.95 65.80 7.66 19.10 30.60 9.52 6.81 4.30 4.71 10.20 61 .50 90.90 9.27 24.70 42.80 10.10 9.72 5.13 7.10 13.40 25.20 36.50 5.19 16.10 23.90 6.85 7.83 4.93 4.36 9.17 33.60

21.70 41.20 10.80 12.20 6.53 8.83 13.70 14.40 85.70 12.00 23.90 39.00 17.70 7.72 5.93 5.38 9.69 42.40

61.10 8.60 20.00 31.45 12.28 7 .78 5.43 4.87 9.43 38.00 21.70 41 .20 10.80 12.20 6.53 8.83 13.70 14.40

56.10 9.53 17.90 25.10 11.00 3.30 3.13 3.50 7.30 25.10 74.10 10.50 23.60 39.60 11.90 5.70 3.43 5.16 8.97 22.10 66.60 8.75 23.70 26.50 5.69 6.31 3.66 4.38 8.52 50.40

55.10 7.26 14.90 22.20 9.04 3.74 2.62 2.97 6.52 41 .30 82.70 10.60 27.80 43.00 12.20 6.52 2.77 3.49 7.74 19.10 55.80 9.90 19.10 28.00 12.40 3.77 3.11 3.50 6.54 30.50 89.80 12.00 28.90 45.80 14.40 5.91 3.66 5.17 9.54 28.60 53.90 9.76 12.70 26.50 12.90 4.26 3.07 3.28 7.59 40.20 95.90 13.40 28.60 47.00 16.10 8.35 6.56 9.34 11 .70 27.10 49;80 9.16 16.00 25.30 11.10 3.56 3.22 3.07 6.68 36.30 85.30 11.70 27.70 42.60 13.50 6.58 4.11 5.17 9.57 22.40 64.40 11 .60 20.40 33.70 16.60 4.49 3.99 4.32 8.50 41.50 110.00 16.00 32.70 56.00 19.10 9.48 4.98 6.66 10.10 34.50 41 .60 6.28 17.04 2.01 2.12 2.56 5.25 27.83 66.18 7.41 25.54 4.64 2.64 3.83 8.73 52.43 9.20 16.37 25.64 13.53 3.58

; 3.10 3.31 7.01 36.46

89.35 12.13 29.67 42.79 16.23 1.26 4.57 6.25 10.03 28.00 46.40 8.04 15.10 21.90 10.40 3.26 1.68 1.90 6.20 27.40 71 .80 10.20 18.70 35.20 12.70 4 .59 7.84 17.70 48.00 7.94 16.10 22.70 9.68 2.94 1.99 2.23 34.90 69.80 9.03 21.10 36.20 10.70 4 .57 2.46 2.43 20.60 66.40 11.70 20.60 33.80 14.50 5.74 3.67 3.59 7.51 38.40 98.00 13.60 28.90 48.70 16.80 6.43 4.00 4.47 9.49 23.60 53.40 9.70 15.70 24.40 12.10 3 .74 2.50 2.68 6.18 35.00 012.10 11.70 ' 25.20 42.20 13.40 5.10 2.81 3.20 9.04 24.50

31

Page 33: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

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Camarines Norte Green 0.51 34.70 12% 0.54 49.80

Famy, Laguna 5 Green 0.46 33.70 12% 0.49 48.80

Calatrava, Negros 2 Green 0.36 26.60 Occidental 12% 0.38 40.50

Sipalay, Negros Green 0.42 31.00 Occidental 12% 0.47 44.40

Real, Quezon 3 Green 0.46 32.30 12% 0.52 52.00

Basi, Samar 3 Green 0.56 35.20 12%

Lanuza, Surigao del 2 Green 0.47 34.10 Sur 12%

Marihatag, Surigao del 3 Green 0.44 33.10 Sur 12% 0.45 50.00.

Species Total (Trees)/Average 25 Green 0.45 31.94 12% 0.48 48.31

Lauan, White (Shorea contorta Vidal) Butuan City Green 0.36 26.60 12% 0.38 43.20

Sibul, Bulacan Green 0.46 37.70 12% 0.51 56.30

Buguey, Cagayan 2 Green 0.50 34.00 12% 0.55 57.20

Camarines, Norte 2 Green 0.41 28.30 12% 0.42 44.50

Famy, Laguna 5 Green 0.42 32.70 12% 0.45 54.70

Makiling, Laguna 5 Green 0.42 30.50 12% 0.44 48.10

Sipalay, Negros Green 0.37 29.70 Occidental 12% 0.40 44.80

Real, Quezon 2 Green 0.44 29.90 12% 0.47 50.90

Lanuza, Surigao del Green 0.38 32.20 Sur 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 20 Green 0.42 31.29 12% 0.45 49.96

Lokinai [Dacrydium beccarii Par1.) Mati, Davao Oriental Green 0.50 32.60 12%

Lamog (Planchonia spectabifis Real, Quezon Green 0.62 40.40 Merr.) 12%

Magabuyo (Ce/tis tuzonica Warb.) Makiling, Laguna7 2 Green 0.56 33.60 12% 0.57 53.00

Nagtipunan, Quirino Green 0.49. 17.92 12% 0.53 38.94

Dilasag, Aurora Green 0.48 21.40 ' 12% 0.43 35.43

Species Total (Trees)/Average 4 Green 0.51 24.31 12% b.51 42.46

32 .

Page 34: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

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55.10 8.72 18.80 2790 10.80 4.05 3.39 3.41 7. 13 48.50 83.50 10.50 24.90 43.50 12.70 5.95 3.49 3.48 8.58 23.60 53.60 9.90 17 20 .26.80 12.60 3.5~ 2.81 2.64 6.70 33 10 79.20 11 .70 23.50 41.50 14.80 4.65 3.30 3.50 9.18 26.90 45.30 . 8.84 13.30 20.10 10.40 2.60 1.88 2.13 5.25 21 .10 64.60 10.00 21 90 36.30 12.20 3.50 2.08 2.57 5.81 17.20 51.20 8.19 14.90 22.70 9.90 3.1 6 2.29 2.80 6.12 28.80 67.60 9.29 22.70 36.90 11.40 4.33 2.44 2.92 6.46 14.20 52.90 9.53 17.80 26.70 13.70 3.26 2.67 2.87 6.74 36.60 92.60 14.00 28.60 44.40 16.00 5.83 3.67 4.07 10.00 27.20 63.70 9.20 20.70 33.50 14.40 8-29 4.39 4.32 8.72 31.50

53.30 9.48 17.70 25.00 12.10 3.72 2.62 2.69 6.24 40.40

55.90 9.05 16.70 25.40 11.50 3.48 2.46 2.66 5.39 29.80 80.50 10.80 23.30 39.60 12.40 4.93 2.79 3.06 8.52 23.60 53.77 9.19 17.05 25.91 11.84 3.98 2.70 2.83 6.56 33.79 78.97 11.08 23.88 40.45 13.31 4.99 3.00 3.30 8.32 21 .91 43.00 8.36 16.20 22.20 11.40 3.07 1.97 2.31 6.35 28.80 71.40 10.30 4.08 8.70 22.70 61.20 11.20 17.40 28.70 :14.60 3.45 3.24 3.32 6.29 50.00 89.60 13.40 27.10 46.80 16.70 5.47 3.67 3.97 9.24 33.80 55.20 10.60 17.00 27.10 14.30 4.00 2.88 3.27 6.30 41.60 95.80 14.50 26.10 49.20 16.40 6.45 4.04 4.55 9.00 26.40 48.60 9.14 16.60 23.60 11.70 2.88 2.53 2.57 6.01 29.10 72.20 10.50 21.80 37.20 13.20 4.73 2.66 2.88 6.79 22.00 52.40 10.20 17.90 25.50 12.90 3.64 2.38 2.54 5.90 29.40 83.20 12.70 29.70 41.90 15.30 4.72 2.84 3.21 7.93 27.20 53.20 8.38 18.90 26.50 10.60 3.77 2.83 3.28 7.11 32.20 76.30 9.74 26.50 40.20 11.50 5.74 3.1"7 3.69 9.17 21.00 45.90 8.31 15.80 23.70 10.80 3.32 2.20 2.36 5.34 25.90 65.10 9.90 22.40 36.70 12.00 4.48 2.30 2.92 5.35 21.60 49.30 10.00 17.20 24.10 12.70 3.32 2.49 2.82 6.06 38.10 86.30 13.10 26.60 42.40 16.30 5.38 3.51 3.68 8.27 28.10 52.60 8.47 15.50 24.20 10.10 2.66 2.58 2.99 7.03 37.00

51.27 9.41 16.94 25.07 12.12 3.35 2.57 2.83 6.27 34.68 79.99 11.77 25.74 42.06 14.49 5.13 3.17 3.56 8.06 25.35 49.80 5.59 11.40 23.50 6.92 4.28 3.64 3.74 7.03 48.00

56;80 8.46 17.60 28.20 9.70 9.53 5.64 5.04 8.65 26.80

55~/o 8.32 15.80 25.20 10.20 5.68 3.09 4.25 8.70 40.80 /83.20 10.30 23.30 44.90 12.40 8.89 4.83 6.30 12.80 22.70 40.63 5.39 18.44 4.25 3.07 2.80 6.69 29.13 75.15 9.89 38.58 5.55 4.01 5.58 11.05 25.68 41.36 6.32 19.82 3.09 2.10 2.48 6.72 15.98 65.88 9.32 33.00 6.94 3.78 5.15 11.68 14.47 45.90 6.68 15.80 21 .15 10.20 1.34 2.75 3.18 7.37 28.64 74.74 9.84 23.30 38.83 12.40 7.13 4.21 5.68 11.84 20.95

33

Page 35: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6)

Malaanonang (Shorea polita Vidal) Lal-lo, Cagayan 2 Green 0.48 32.70 12% 0.54 48.20

Real, Quezon 2 Green 0.48 37.00 12% 0.51 58.50

Lanuza, Surigao del Green 0.43 28.80 Sur 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 5 Green 0.46 32.83 12% 0.53 53.35

Nato Villamil [Pouteria viflamilfi Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.50 34.50 (Merr.} Baehni] 12% 0.53 55.60

Palosapis [Anisoptera thurifera Real, Quezon 2 Green 0.55 34.30 (Blanco} Blume ssp. thurifera ] 12%

Mayantoc, Tarlac 3 Green 0.52 34.90 12% 0.60 68.20

Masinloc, Zambales 3 Green 0.53 31.80 12% . 0.60 52.00

Sanchez Mira, Green 0.48 27.20 Cagayan 12% 0.59 48.10

Real, Quezon 2 Green 0.54 34.90 12% 0.57 53.20

Species Total (Trees)/Average 11 Green 0.52 32.62 12% 0.59 55.38

Philippine maple (Acer /aurinum Mali, Davao Oriental Green 0.46 33.30 Hassk. apud Hoeven & de Vriese} 12%

Piling-liitan [Canarium luzonicum Makiling, Laguna Green 0.50 28.60 (Blume) A. Gray] 12% 0.52 53.90

Real, Quezon Green 0.45 38.50 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.48 33.55 12% 0.52 53.90

Tangile [Shorea po/ysperma (Blanco) Butuan City Green 0.37 27.60 Merr.] 12% 0.44 39.40

Sabud, Agusan def Sur 1 Green 0.39 25.10 12%

Sibul, Bulacan 2 Green 0.47 33.20 12% 0.51 59.90

Sanchez Mira, 2 Green 0.48 33.10 Cagayan 12% 0.54 61.60

Asuncion, Davao def 2 Green 0.43 31.10 Norte 12% 0.45 51.70

Famy, Laguna 4 Green 0.44 32.20 12% 0.48 47.90

Calatrava, Negros 3 Green 0.48 34.80 Occidental 12% 0.52 58.20

Sipalay, Negros Green 0.45 41.20 Occidental 12% 0.49 60.40

Real, Quezon 4 Green 0.47 34.70 12% 0.49 54.00

Tagkawayan, Quezon Green 0.44 34.10 12% 0.46 45.70

34

Page 36: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

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47.70 8.08 17.70 25.30 10.40 4.15 2.78 3.29 6.39 42.90 79.10 9.80 23.30 40.40 11 .70 6.46 3.43 4.65 8.87 22.80 62.20 10.20 21.30 29.90 12.70 4.86 3.50 3.62 7.42 45.60 99.00 12.40 28.60 43.10 14.70 7.30 4.23 5.59 10.30 31 .20 46.00 9.29 17.10 23.40 13.10 2.79 2.39 2.91 5.95 37.20

51 .97 9.19 18.70 26.20 12.07 3.93 2.89 3.27 6.59 41 .90 89.05 11.10 25.95 41.75 13.20 6.88 3.83 5.12 9.59 27.00 58.80 8.44 17.40 25.80 11.60 5.31 3.54 3.98 8.51 20.00 92.20 11.50 27.20 42.40 12.40 7.83 4.42 6.36 10.80 17.40 54.50 9.80 17.80 27.40 13.20 6.41 3.71 3.67 7.55 31.40

54.20 12.00 17.20 26.80 15.30 4.72 3.43 3.19 5.97 26.80 93.50 15.40 35.10 49.80 17.70 5.50 3.89 3.58 8.72 34.90 52.80 9.40 15.60 24.70 12.40 6.35 4.08 3.65 7.14 31.50 91 .10 12.70 25.50 45.40 16.30 7.63 4.66 4.32 9.63 31.80 44.80 7.44 14.60 20.60 8.97 5.41 3.40 3.33 6.24 26.70 78.20 10.10 23.20 39.30 11.40 6.21 3.56 3.90 9.71 21 .50 60.50 10.30 18.60 30.10 13.90 6.50 4.45 3.79 8.9,2 37.90 89.90 11.50 22.20 45.90 15.90 7.58 4.67 4.41 11 .20 30.30 53.36 9.79 16.76 25.92 12.75 5.88 3.81 3.53 7.16 30.86 88.18 12.43 26.50 45.10 15.33 6.73 4.20 4.05 9.82 29.63 56.10 10.50 23.30 28.60 14.50 3.82 2.95 3.35 7.76 31 .00

46.20 6.52 12.70 21.10 8.65 4.28 3.57 3.10 7.51 31 .20 84.130 7.95 21.40 40.90 11.00 9.32 3.60 5.67 13.30 20.00 63.40 9.02 21 .10 29.40 11.00 4.28 4.09 4.74 9.67 37.20 .

54.80 7.77 16.90 25.25 9.83 4.28 3.83 3.92 8.59 34.20 84.80 7.95 21.40 40.90 11.00 9.32 3.60 5.67 13.30 20.00 45.10 8.03 12.80 20.70 11.10 2.64 1.76 2.01 5.80 24.00 69.40 10.70 20.70 34.90 12.70 3.51 3.06 3.06 7.35 11.60 46.10 9.00 14.10 22.90 13.70 2.42 1.81 1.90 4.44 18.90

60.30 10.60 18.00 29.70 14.20 3.50 3.46 3.03 6.74 35.80 94.60 12.20 29.40 48.00 14.70 5.00 3.59 3.57 8.74 30.90 56.60 11 .80 15.60 25.20 13.10 3.82 2.59 2.64 5.90 31.30 . 93.70 12.80 26.40 44.00 16.30 5.43 3.30 3.52 9.53 30.30 52.40 10.40 16.50 25.90 13.30 3.22 2.21 2.57 6.57 26.70 77.50 11 .60 26.10 39.00 13.60 5.05 2.48 . 2.92 7.61 . 27.40 53.20 9.51 17.40 25.60 12.40 3.80 2.61 2.41 6.65 32.70 82.40 11.60 24.10 42.60 13.90 5.38 3.12 3.35 9.00 26.80 58.90 11 .60 17.40 27.20 13.80 2.88 2.71 2.80 6.77 29.60 93.70 13.60 30.70 47.80 15.90 5.84 3.80 4.24 9.90 28.70 65.20 11.70 19.40 31.30 14.90 4.56 2.77 2.74 6.34 30.70 94.30 13.00 30.80 47.90 15.30 5.78 3.08 3.49 8.28 23.10 60.40 10.70 20.90 28.90 14.50 3.85 3.26 3.31 7.37 39.00 86.80 12.70 27.80 48.30 16.50 4.68 3.53 3.34 9.62 29.30 52.40 8.75 18.00 26.20 12.50 4.00 2.54 2.48 6.42 26.00 73.20 10.70 23.10 38.60 12.70 5.05 2.79 3.48 9.27 19.50

35

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Bislig, Surigao del Sur 2 Green 0.48 36.70 12% 0.52 63.90

Lanuza, Surigao del 3 Green 0.48 '33.90 Sur 12%

Masinloc, Zambales 2 Green 0.47 33.10 12% 0.52 57.20

Sta. Cruz, Zambales Green 0.54 37.00 12% 0.59 63.60

Species Total (Trees)/ Average 29 Green 0.46 33.41 12% 0.50 55.29

8. Lesser-Known Sgecies Anang (Diospyros pyrrhocarpa Miq.) , Casiguran, Qurora 2 Green 0.55 17.26

" 12% 0.60 38.83 Makiling, Laguna 3 Green 0.61 40.00

12% 0.67 65.70 Real, Quezon Green 0.57 43.30

12% 0.63 73.90 Species Total (Trees)/Average 6 Green 0.58 33.52

12% 0.64 59.48 Amunat (Orophea cumingiana Vidal) Famy, Laguna Green 0.52 35.60

12% 0.55 59.00 Apanit [Mastixia pentandra Blume Famy, Laguna Green 0.49 36.10

ssp. phllippinensis (Wang.) Matt.] 12% 0.54 54.50 Balukanag [Chisocheton cumingianus Pagdanan, Palawan 2 Green 0.43 34.30

(C.DC.) Hanns ssp. cumingianus ] 12% Banai-banai [Radermachera pinnata Makiling, Laguna Graen 0.52 43.50

(Blanco) Seem. ssp. pinnata ] 12% 0.55 54.40 Bitanghol (Ca/ophyl/um blancoi Pl. & Cagwit, Surigao del 1 Green 0.41 16.53 Tr.) Sur 12% 0.44 39.16

Famy, Lagunae 3 Green 0.57 27.00 12% 0.63 65.30

Specie& Total (Trees)/Average 4 Green 0.49 21.77 12% 0.53 52.23

Dalung (Phyl/oc/adus hypophyl/us Mali, Davao Oriental Green 0.48 43.30 Hook. f.) 12%

Gapas-gapas [Camptostemon Makiling, Laguna 1 Green 0.57 38.10 phifippinense (Vidal) Becc.) 12% 0.60 63.50

ltangan {Weinmannia tuzoniensis Rea.I, Quezon Green 0.49 29.40 Vidal) 12% 0.54 56.50

Java sala (Sloaneajavanica Miq. Real, Quezon Green 0.55 37.70 Koord & Val.) 12%

Kangko [Aphanamixis polystachya Mali, Davao Oriental Green 0.57 29.40 Wall.) R.N. Parker] 12%

Makiling, Laguna Green 0.52 38.50 12% 0.53 62.70

Species Total (Trees)/ Average 2 Green 0.55 33.95 12% 0.53 62.70

Lingo-lingo (Vitex turczaninowii Marr.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.48 33.60 12%

36

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59.70 10.20 18.30 29.20 12.70 4.57 3.15 3.18 6.18 36.30 96.00 12.70 32.70 46 70 14.10 6.63 3.65 3.48 7.10 29.50 55.80 10.20 17.10 ?.6 ;.·. 12.70 3.77 2.48 2.64 6.46 36.50

59.00 11.30 17.80 2830 13.60 3.82 2.79 2.86 7.21 36.90 92.20 13.30 27.20 <F EC' 16.20 5.88 3.36 3.51 8.52 36.40 61 .90 10.10 17.40 28.80 12.80 4.60 3.46 3.56 6.40 33.30 101.oo 12.60 26.10 48 1C• 15.20 8.09 5.03 4.49 9.54 38.10 56.21 10.38 17.19 26.88 13.24 3.68 2.69 2.72 6.38 31.26 87.90 12.29 27.09 44.48 14.76 5.53 3.40 3.54 8.71 27.63

43.92 5.64 20.30 4.41 3.50 3.80 6.90 24.94 72.84 8.22 37.24 9.58 6.22 8.67 12.58 18.09 69.30 10.50 32.40 5.33 4.94 4.98 8.50 40.40 119.00 14.10 56.00 9.07 7.21 8.76 12.20 35.50 65.90 9.66 4.60 4.19 19.00 104.00 13.40 6.31 8.34 24.70 59.71 8.60 26.35 4.87 4.35 4.32 7.70 28.11 98.61 11 .91 46.62 9.33 6.58 8.59 12.39 26.10 59.20 10.70 19.80 27.20 13.00 4.39 3.43 3.65 7.24 18.50 94.50 13.70 30.00 46.60 16.30 8.39 4.69 5.52 10.00 23.60 60.00 10.80 16.00 25.20 11.80 3.47 2.69 3.10 6.83 22.90 99.00 11.80 31.50 49.10 15.50 5.87 4.04 5.94 9.80 22.60 56.50 11.00 17.40 23.40 6.89 4.97 3.17 3.45 6.63 23.60

63.80 8.58 21.90 35.30 9.90 6.30 3.74 4.53 8.34 49.70 91 .10 9.80 33.10 51 .10 11.60 9.42 4.61 6.80 10.40 36.40 47.78 6.57 21.99 2.73 1.96 ?..60 5.97 17.35 78.52 9.47 36.85 4.95 2:94 4:34 9.43 18.80 49.90 8.99 21 .50 3.97 3.02 3.17 6.51 37.40 .

115.00 14.80 53.40 7.27 5.27 6.95 12.40 34.70 48.84 7.78 21.75 3.35 2.49 2.89 6.24 27.38 96.76 12.14 45.13 6.11 4.11 5.65 10.92 26.75 67.10 9.50 21.50 32.10 11.60 5.22 3.49 4.10 8.42 24.20

55.00 8.93 22.70 29.60 11.40 3.80 4.00 3.65 5.96 22.70 103.00 11.90 29.00· 48.70 13.30 8.60 4.60 5.80 7.90 20.50 51.70 8.09 14.80 22.20 9.77 3.43 2.79 2.77 6.68 43.60 88.50 10.20 25.40 41 .10 12.40 7.51 3.76 5.41 10.30 27.20 60.80 8.93 19.70 26.50 16.90 4.58 4.05 4.35 8.27 47.10

55.60 10.40 15.90 23.90 13.30 5.18 4.08 3.90 6.59 29.50

60.10 8.64 19.90 28.20 9.72 6.42 3.69 4.0Ci 9.06 39.10 85.90 8.88 29.20 46.90 11 .20 9.58 · 4.09 6.55 11.10 27.20 57.85 9.52 17.90 26.05 11.51 5.80 3.89 3.95 7.83 34.30 85.90 8.88 29.20 46.90 11 .20 9.58 4.09 6.55 11.10 27.20 50.30 6.88 15.40 21 .40 8.53 4.10 3.28 3'_39 6.88 37.90

37

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Malakmalak [Palaquium phi/ippense Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.46 32.10 (Perr.) C.B. Rob.) 12% 0.47 44.50

Capas, Tarlac Green 0.52 34.70 12% 0.56 54.70

Dilasag, Aurora Graen 0.41 17.91 112% 0.44 45.02

Species Total (Trees)/Average 4 Gre~!'i 0.46 28.24 .:'12% 0.49 48.07

Nato [Pa/aquium tuzoniense (F.-Vill.) Asuncion, Davao del Green 0.45 34.20 Vidal] Norte 12% 0.46 50.60

Mati, Davao Oriental Graen 0.4~ 36.40 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.47 35.30 12% 0.46 50.60

Nato group (Palaquium spp.) Dipacu1ao, Aurora Green 0.44 20.19 12% 0.48 35.79

Casiguran, Aurora Green 0.49 22.27 12% 0.58 55.81

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.47 21.23 12% 0.53 45.80

Pagsahingin-bulog (Canarium Sibul, Bulacan Green 0.50 35.00 asperum Benth) 12% 0.54 67.20

Panang (Palaquium sp.) Cagwit, Surigao del Sur Green 0.64 30.50 12% 0.71 38.15

Philippine chestnut [Caslanopsis Mali, Davao Oriental Green 0.51 29.60 philippinensis (Blanco) Vidal] 12%

Sagimsim [Syzgium brevistylum Cagwit, Surigao del Sur Green 0.60 35.62 (C.B. Rob. ) Marr.] 12% 0.67 45.23

Santiki [Cleidion spiciflorum ( Burm. f.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.47 33.20 Marr.] 12% 0.48 56.90

Syzgium sp. Casiguran, Aurora Green 0.63 25.45 12% 0.70 60.23

Tan-ag (K!einhovia hospita L) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.50 32.40 12% 0.52 46.40

Ulaian [Lithocarpus ce/ebicus (Miq.) Nagtipunan, Quirino 2 Green 0.70 29.34 Rehd.] 12% 0.78 67.16

Davao del Norte 1 Green 0.62 44.50 12% 0.52

Tungao, Agusan del 2 Green 45.30 Sur 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 5 Green 0.66 39.71 12% 0.65 67.16

Usuang-saha (Endiandra laxiflora Real, Quezon Green 0.56 32.70 Marr.) 12% 0.60 . 55.70

Temstroemia sp. Real, Quezon Green 0.52 41.20 12%

C. Plantation S!_:!ecies Acacia mangium Willd . Agusan del Sur Green 0.61 39.20

12%

38

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55.90 7.29 15.80 26.20 8 .90 4.65 3.63 4.27 . 7.92 29.70 70.80 8.59 20.80 39.20 9.55 7.74 3.96 5.49 9.08 13.00 65.00 10.50 19.90 30.30 12.20 5.03 4.35 4.71 9.10 32.80 90.50 11 .50 26.20 46.20 13.40 7.72 4.36 5.37 10.00 22.40 40.98 5.72 17.81 2.92 2.32 3.11 5.36 16.01 74.17 8.51 29.94 5.71 3.14 4.72 8.17 17.48 53.96 7.84 17.85 24.77 10.55 4.20 3.43 4.03 1.46 26.17 78.49 9.53 23.50 38.45 11.48 7.0~ 3.82 5.19 9.08 17.63 57.40 9.34 18.10 27.70 11 .00 3.86 2.83 3.57 7.51 18.30 81.80 10.20 21 .70 40.70 11 .80 7.16 3.23 4.94 8.57 17.80 59.10 8.81 16.70 25.60 9.50 4.90 3.45 4.26 7.88 22.40

58.25 9.08 17.40 26.65 10.25 4.38 3.14 3.92 7.70 20.35 81.80 10.20 . 21 .70 40.70 11 .80 7.16 3.23 4.94 8.57 17.80 45.94 7.09 23.04 2.99 2.16 2.92 5.94 32.39 72.98 9.10 37.08 3.81 4.24 5.57 9.45 27.22 50.45 7.86 20.72 3.19 3.37 4.05 6.68 27.75 102.19 10.98 45.06 8.33 5.08 7.09 12.06 26.13 48.20 7.48 21.88 3.09 . 2.77 3.49 6.31 30.07 87.59 10.04 41.07 6.07 4.66 6.33 10.76 26.68 60.00 11.10 17.60 27.70 14.60 3.36 3.27 3.93 7.70 27.40 100.00 13.30 33.40 49.00 16.70 8.25 4.78 6.02 12.70 28.30 61 .87 9.13 29.93 5.30 4.07 4.27 8.30 25.31 91.76 11.16 40.28 8.11 6.89 8.94 11.48 33.00 58.10 8:30 15.30 24.50 10.50 4.79 3.68 3.64 7.22 20.80

56.28 6.72 28.82 4.52 3.83 4.75 8.38 26.38 91.53 10.06 41.72 9.37 6.19 7.60 12.65 22.11 56.90 7.08 14.00 22.60 8.14 6.52 41.70 82.40 8.26 21.60 39.40 9.90 9.80 20.40 57.68 7.02 27.04 , 3.88 4.23 4.62 7.38 30.99 104.24 12.12 44.83 10.39 7.80 7.96 14.05 39.51 56.20 7.47 18.60 27.20 8.07 5.07 3.79 4.72 7.92 40.10 81 .90 8.99 19.50 35.50 9.41 8.75 4.30 5.79 8.24 18.10 57.02 7.16 31 .53 12.18 7.48 7.20 12.92 55.42 94.91 11.20 53.26 9.32 9.76 17.24 51.11 66.90 ,9 .02 35.70 9.68 6.04 5.77 10.40 33.30

-62.00 9.25 33.90 5.87 3.92 4.44 9.31 ·_;:i5.00

61.97 8.48 33.71 9.24 5.81 5.80 10.88 41.24 94.91 11.20 53.26 9.32 9.76 17.24 ·51.11 55.80 8.98 15.60 23.60 11 .00 5.76 . 4.04 3.55 7.44 27.10 90.00 12.00 21 .70 44.60 14.70 9.48 4.30 4:.41 9.59 21.80 64.30 8.87 21 .70 28.80 11 .20 5.44 3.86 3.86 8.78 23.30

64.60 10.80 23.00 30.20 11.20 5.66 5.44 4.68 8.62

39

Page 41: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) {3) (4) (5) "(6)

PTFI, San Teodoro, 2 Green 0.48 26.31 Oriental Mindoro 12% 0.52 46.68

Species Total (Trees)/Ave~age 3 Green 0.54 32.76 12% 0.52 46.68

Mahogany, Big Leafed [Swietenia Makiling, Laguna 5 Green 0.54 36.30 mahogani (L.) Jacq.] 12% 0.55 47.70

Pagudpud, ltocos Norte 3 Gree.n 0.44 23.49 12% 26.98

Dingras, llocos Norte 3 Green 0.54 23.36 12% 35.43

Species Total (Trees)/Average 11 Green 0.51 27.72 12% 0.55 36.70

Nangka (Anocarpus heterophyl/us Tungao,Agusan 2 Green 0.53 43.40 Lamk.) del Sur 12%

Pine, Benguel (Pinus kesiya Royle Bontoc, Mountain 7 Green 0.53 32.00 ex. Gordon) Province 12% 0.56 67.40

Pine, Mindoro (Pinus merkusii Jungh. Sta. Cruz, Zambales 2 Green 0.57 34.90 . &deVr.) 12% 0.63 77.40 River red gum (Eucalyptu::s IDC, Casiguran, Aurora 3 Green 0.64 34.25

ca maid u/ensis Dehnh. )' 12% 61.76 PTFI, San Teodoro 3 Green 0.68 Oriental Mindoro 12%

Species Total {Trees)/Average 6 Green 0.66 34.25 12%

Teak (Tectona grandis Lf.) Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.49 40.00 12% 0.51 51.40

, Yamane ( Gmelina arborea R. Br.) Toledo City, Cebu 5 Green 0.43 28.60 12%

Makiling, Laguna 5 Green 0.41 31.00 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 10 Green 0.42 29.80' 12%

IV. Moderately Low strength Group A. Commercial S12ecies Almaciga (Agathis phi/ippinensis Famy, Laguna Green 0.44 25.10

Warb.} 12% 0.45 55.50 Real, Quezon 5 Green 0.41 25.90

12% 0.45 49.80 Species Total (Trees)/Average 6 Green 0.43 25.50

12"/o 0.45 52.65 Almon (Shorea a/mon Foxw.) Butuan City 2 Green 0.38 30.50

12% 0.40 43.40 Asuncion, Davao del ~ Green 0.37 25.30

Norte 12% 0.39 49.70 Tungao, Agusan del Green 0.46 33.30

Sur 12% Calatrava, Negros 2 Green 0.44 32.60

Occidental 12% 0.49 54.20

Page 42: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

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56.33 7.88 23.72 4.54 3.50 4.26 7.53 39.82 90.41 10.08 39.53 7.38 4.02 4.88 10.93 30.44 60.47 9.34 23.00 26.96 11.20 5.10 4.47 4.47 8.08 39.82 90.41 10.08 39.53 7 .38 4.02 4.88 10.93 30.44 62.90 7.77 20. 10 32.70 9.22 7.84 4.78 5.28 11 .15 27.60 74.40 8.87 29.40 45.20 10.10 10.90 5.38 6.15 11 .62 18.00 49.19 5.79 4.27 17.97 4.27 3.43 3.61 6.57 19.75 -57.58 5.76 6.55 28.28 6.55 3.16 5.01 8.93 16.97 58.40 6.28 5.21 23.32 5.21 4.62 5.03 8.18 26.44 75.63 6.52 9.12 34.86 9.12 4 .76 6.51 11 .27 18.60 56.83 6.61 9.86 24.66 9.22 5.77 4.28 4.64 8.63 24.60 69.20 7.05 15.02 36.11 10.10 8.86 4.43 5.89 10.61 17.86 62.20 8.76 22.00 29.90 14.40 4.18 3.26 3.59 7.96 29.20

54.70 10.60 16.50 25.60 13.80 3.77 2.76 2.76 6.48 32.20 109.00 14.70 32.00 53.80 16.19 8.11 4.30 5.10 11.10 29.70 60.30 12.70 17.10 26.90 17.00 4.18 2.80 2.60 6.39 32.70 125.00 17.20 34.80 59.90 20.00 9.56 5.54 6.37 11.10 27.70 78.74 10.24 38.53 7.15 7.02 5.67 6.25 36.18 116.56 13.99 53.21 11.19 14.30 8.52 9.38 34.50

28.79 38.81 19.45

78.74 10.24 28.79 36.67 19.45 7.15 7.02 5.67 "tj" 6.25 36.16

66.90 8.32 15.40 32.40 11.20 5.76 3.79 3.75 8.31 22.70 88.00 13.20 27.70 42.40 12.10 7.49 3.82 4.07 9.80 19.80 45.90 6.18 16.50 24.80 7.84 7.25 3.84 3.80 8.91 27.70

49.60 7.44 16.50 24.30 8.61 6.68 . 3.74 3.61 7.32 33.60

47.75 6.81 16.50 24.55 8.23 6.97 3.79 3.71 8.12 30.65

43.60 9.61 15.30 20.50 11.00 2.96 1.68 2.06 5.94 38.10 85.80 11.70 27.40 40.90 13.10 6.22 3.09 5.05 9.18 21.40 44.90 9.00 12.50 19.40 10.70 2.95 2.21 2.35 6.13 32.20 81.20 11.40 24.20 40.60 13.90 6.66 3.12 4.77 10.50 17.80 44.25 9.31 13.90 19.95 10.85 2.96 1.95 2.21 6.04 35.15 83.50 11.55 25.80 40.75 13.50 6.44 3.11 4.91 9.84 19.60 47.70 9.80 16.60 23.40 12.70 2.89 1.88 2.23 5.61 25.90 69.60 10.90 24.80 36.30 14.00 3.70 2.25 2.45 6.72 23.50 42.70 8.14 13.50 21.80 10.70 2.49 1.70 1.98 5.65 25.50 72.20 11.70 23.70 37.90 13.30 4.80 2.49 2.32 7.12 28.80 56.10 11 .00 17.40 24.40 12.90 3.18 2.64 2.93 5.37 20.90

54.10 10.90 17.20 27.40 14.20 3.47 2.21 2.26 5.91 28.80 85.80 13.40 27.50 44.30 15.30 5.03 2.95 3.18 8.85 29.00

41

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c=_ ____ --- (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6)

Sipalay, Negros Green 0.46 33.60 Occidental 12% 0.49 60.30

Tagkawayan, Quezon 5 Green 0.41 30.90 12% 0.43 45.80

Bislig, Su~gao del Sur 2 Green 0.39 32.90 12% 0.42 47.50

Lanuza, Surigao del 2 Green 0.50 39.60 Sur 12%

Species Total (Trees)/ Average 17 Green 0.43 32.34 12% 0;44 50.15

Anubing (Artocarpus ovatus Blanco) Makiling, Laguna 3 <;3reen 0.53 41.10 0

12% 0.54 58.00 Balikuling (Utsea leytensis Merr.) Tungao, Agusan de1 Su 2 Green 0.32 25.20

12% Acoje, Zambales 2 Green 0.45 38.40

12% 0.49 48.40 Mali, Davao Oriental Green 0.35 20.80

12% Species Total (Trees)/Average 5 Green 0.37 28.13

12% 0.49 48.40 Dulit [Canarium hirsutum Willd.fonna Famy, Laguna Green 0.44 26.20 multipinnatum (Llanos) H.J. Lam.] 12% 0.46 48.10

lgem [Dacycarpus imbricatus (Blume) Mali, Davao Oriental Green 0.48 25.70 de Laub. var. patulus J 12%

llo-ilo [Aglaiiiargentea Blume) Makiling, \&iguna Green 0.51 35.60 12% 0.61 62.80

Kalunti [Shorea hopeifolia (Heim) Sym.] Asuncion, Davao del Green 0.41 29.80 Norte 12%

Loktob (Duabanga moluccana (Blume) Tungao, Agusan del Green 0.37 27.90 Sur 12%

Dipaculao, Aurora Green 8.58 12% 17.17

Species Total lTrees}/Averag, 2 Green 0.37 18.24 12% 17.17

Manggasinoro {Shorea assamica i:tyer Lal-lo, Cagayan 2 Green 0.45 32.40 ssp. philippinensis (Brandis} Sym.] 12% 0.49 49.90

Monkayo, Davao del 1 Green 0.40 32.70 Norte 12% 0.42 49.10

Real, Quezon 3 Green 0.39 29.30 12% 0.40 40.10

Bislig, Surigao del Sur 1 Green 0.39 27.40 12% 0.41 48.80

Species Total (Trees)/Average 7 Green 0.39 29.80 12% 0.41 46.00

Manggasinorong-lakihan (Shorea Monkayo, Davao del Green 0.43 30.50 virescens Parijs) Norte 12%

Mayapis [Shorea palosapis (Blanco) Sabud, Agusan del Sur 1 Green 0.34 25.40 Merr.] 12%

Sibul, Bulacan 3 Green 0.44 34.20 12% 0.48 50.60

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56.20 11.40 18.50 30.30 14,50 3.63 2.29 2.21 5.83 30. ·IO 89.80 12.90 30.50 45.50 15.90 4.88 2.78 2.73 8.17 30 50 50.70 9.29 16.90 25.60 11 .90 3.65 2.26 2.01 5.64 30.eO 76.80 11 .30 23.40 37.90 12.90 4.93 2.50 2.59 7.39 24.70 51.60 9.77 17.10 25.30 12.40 3.10 2.31 2.55 6.35 :?.e.20 70.50 10.30 25.0 39.50 13.30 4.1 2 2.94 3.15 7.02 26.10 59.80 . 11 .50 19.80 29.20 14.90 4.38 3.00 2.73 6.32 46,'10

52.36 10.23 17.13 25.93 13.03 3.35 2.29 2.36 5.84 29.20 77.45 11 .75 25.98 40.23 14;12 4.58 2.65 2.74 7.55 27.20 57.70 6.74 16.70 30.30 8.19 8.58 5.41 5.52 7.74 30.30 85.20 8.81 22.1 0 45.30 9.60 11.10 5.57 7.51 11 .20 23.60 39.50 5.76 13.80 18.40 7.61 2.76 1.53 1.66 5.43 21.'l·O

57.20 11.10 30.50 34.60 6.99 4.01 2.36 2.24 6.60 20.40 67.20 10.40 33.70 40.80 7.02 5.20 2.73 2.16 7.34 17 10 33.20 . 7.43 12.70 17.00 9.27 1.91 1.44 1.73 4.81 13.50

43.30 8.10 19.00 23.33 7.96 2.89 1.78 1.88 5.61 18.43 67.20 10.40 33.70 40.80 7.02 5.20 2.73 2.16 7.34 17.10 38.30 5.86 14.50 18.30 7.81 2.47 1.65 2.10 5.72 19.40 75.20 9.74 19.80 33.50 11 .20 4.60 2.82 ~.03 7.83 19,00 46.10 8.25 13.30 19.60 11.30 2.54 3.06 2.92 6.01 35.60

56.90 9.16 15.10 25.00 11 .30 3.08 3.06 3.23 5.88 28.10 95.30 15.50 36.60 54.70 18.10 7.81 4.06 5.41 7.66 27.70 48.30 8.29 17.20 26.10 9.66 3.29 2.24 2.62 5.95 15.50

43.00 7.80 14.10 19.60 7.33 3.98 2.02 2.56 5.74 21 .60

25.19 2.99 9.84 1.35 1.39 1.76 3.41 19.75 39.23 3.37 15.49 3.16 1.71 3.02 5.70 13.53 34.10 2.99 14.10 14.72 7.33 2.67 1.71 2.16 4.58 20.68 39.23 3.37 15.49 3;·16 1.71 3.02 5.70 13.53 49.00 8.19 16.30 24.70 9.44 3.70 2.55 3.09 6.65 30.40 84.20 11.20 22.70 41 .80 12.40 5.69 3.26 4.93 9.70 25.1 0 49.90 11.60 17.40 24.00 12.50 3.41 1.78 2.53 5.30 25.40 77.90 12.00 26.40 41.60 14.20 4.21 7.64 25.80 47.90 8.32 17.20 28.30 11.10 3.20 2.35 2.74 6.28 28.30 65.40 9.08 22.40 34.90 12.40 4.28 2.45 3.53 7.37 23.80 43.20 8.33 13.50 19.50 10.30 2.87 1.91 2.36 5.77 27.20 72:50 10.80 21.40 33.60 12.20 5.37 2.41 3.77 8.94 27.40 47.00 9.42 16.03 23.93 11 .30 3.16 2.01 2.54 5.78 26.97 71 .93 10.63 23.40 36.70 12.93 4.62 2.43 3.65 7.98 25.67 49.90 9.32 17.40 23.40 10.10 3.86 2.11 2.74 5.58 35.70

41.00 8.69 13.90 20.50 10.90 2.07 1.48 1.73 4.35 13.40

55.20 10.30 16.20 25.60 12.40 3.28 2.44 2.54 5.98 27.90 82.80 12.00 25.10 41 .80 14.20 4.77 3.00 3.29 7.46 26.90

43

Page 45: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) "(6)

Buguey, Cagayan Green 0.47 32.70 12% 0.49 57.70

Claveria, Cagayan Green 0.45 33.70 12% 0.48 57.00

Monkayo, Davao del 2 Green 0.42 30.70 Norte 12% 0.45 53.20

Famy, Laguna 2 Green 0.35 25.70 12% 0.38 40.40

Real, Quezon 5 Green 0.39 29.50 12% 0.43 45.80

Jagkawayan, Quezon 3 Green 0.38 28.30 12% 0.41 44.40

Bislig, Surigao del Sur 1 Green 0.45 37.10 12% 0.46 59.00

Lanuza, Surigao del 2 Green 0.43 30.90 Sur 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 21 Green 0.41 30.82 12% 0.45 51.01

Paguringon (Cratoxy/um sumatranum Tungao, Agusan del Green 0.50 33.30 (Jack) Blume ssp. sumatranum Sur 12%

Robs.] Raintree [Samanea saman (Jacq.) Makiling, Lagun~ Green 0.43 26.60

Merr.] 12% 0.46 36.70 Diliman, Quezon City 5 Green 0.49 23.30

12% 0.50 34.10 Species Total (Trees)/Average 6 Green 0.46 24.95

12% 0.48 35.40 Tuai (Bischofiajavanica Blume) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.56 32.20

12% 0.64 53.80 Mati, Davao Oriental Green 0.56 30.10

12% Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.56 3(15

12% 0.64 53.80 Shorea sp. Asuncion, Davao del Green 0.38 29.40

Norte 12%

B. Lesser-Known S(;1ecies Anongo (Turpinia ova/ifolia Elmer) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.36 24.70

12% 0.38 41.80 Balakat-gubat [Sapium /uzonicum Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.41

(Vidal) Merr.J 12% 0.44 Balanti [Homalanthus populneus Real, Quezon 1 Green 0.36 23.90

(Geisel.) Pax var. populneus ] 12% Balete (Ficus balete Meir.) Dipaculao, Aurora 2 Green 0.47 19.55

12% 0.51 34.23 Makiling, Laguna Green 0.62 38.90

12% Species Total (Trees)/Average 3 Green 0.54 29.23

12% 0.51 34.23

44

Page 46: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(7) (8) (9) (10) (11} (12) (13) (14} (15) 116)

58.30 10.40 19.50 28.80 11.80 4.33 3.50 6.54 37.00 89.50 12.40 25.10 42.20 13.60 5.30 4.07 10.40 22.20 56.10 10.70 19.40 29. 10 12.20 4.10 2.73 2.81 6.55 34.20 89.70 12.40 27.20 42.90 15.00 5.56 5.53 3.76 9.00 29.50_ 50.70 10.90 17.70 26.10 13.50 2.40 2.14 '2.40 5.74 22.20 80.60 13.00 23.50 40.30 14.70 'A.40 2.60 2.94 7.20 24.90 42.20 8.63 13.60 19.90 12.10 2.47 1.65. 1.77 . 4.98 19.00 62.20 10.80 20.50 34.20 13.10 3.41 2,03 2.51 6.03 19.60 47.10 9.02 14.40 21.70 12.20 3.07 1.94' 2.29 5.10 25.90 76.10 12.10 23.70 39.10 15.50 4.90 2.41 2.98 6.90 25.30 47.70 9.39 16.20 22.80 11.80 2.97 2.06 2.00 4.55 31.70 68.50 10.80 22.50 34.20 13.00 3.67 2.20 2.38 6.41 24.10 37.20 10.20 16.00 27.20 13.60 3.77 2.60 2.93 6.03 23.30 82.00 11.20 27.60 40.70 14.60 5.40 3.01 3.21 . 8.02 22.60 51.20 8.67 15.70 24.10 11.50 2.86 2.85 3.06 5.52 28.40

48.67 9.69 16.26 24.58 12.20 3.13 2.21 2.50 5.53 26.30 78.93 11 .84 24.40 39.43 14.21 4.68 2.97 3.14 7.68 24.39 47.70 7.93 18.90 24.80 9.78 4.76 3.24 3.53 8.52 21.30

·-

43.60 5.00 14.20 21.80 6.67 5.92 3.74 8.15 23.00 . 55.70 6.15 17.80 30.20 7.11 7.41 4.02 11 .70 16.60 45.50 4.49 12.80 22.70 5.33 6.97 4.43 4.44 8.67 48.90 57.90 5.33 17.70 33.20 5.95 8.41 5.03 5.44 10.00 29.50 44.55 4.75 13.50 22.25 6.00 6.45 4.43 4.09 8A1 35.95 56.80 5.74 17.75 31.70 6.53 7.91 5.03 4.73 10.85 23.05 47.70 5.91 16.90 25.00 7.12 7.39 5.18 4.47 7.94 27.70 111.00 11.30 21.50 49.20 9.90 9.80 8.18 10.60 16.60 12.80 46.80 7.88 12.20 19.20 8.49 9.40 5.26 4.60 6.99 23.80

47.25 6.90 14.55 22.10 7.81 8.40 5.22 4.54 7.47 25.75 111.00 11.30 21.50 49.20 9.90 9.80 8.18 10.60 16.60 12.80 50.80 8.07 13.30 21 .80 10.90 2.13 2.23 2.52 4.74 . 27.20

39.70 6.14 11.80 18.50 6.87 2.96 1.92 2.41 5.39 19.00 62.40 7.47 14.90 31 .00 8.57 4 .62 2.10 3.72 7.30 15.00 41 .70 19.40 2.82 2.31 2.59 6.42 24.20 49.80 34.20 5.77 2.92 4.71 8.71 22.00 49.00 6.38 3.39 2.33 2.89 5.40 40.90

43.48 6.34 26.61 3.16 2.21 2.80 6.30 16.66 66.16 7.03 33.78 3.86 3.24 4.6/'. 9.09 21.35 73.40 11.00 33.10 6.25 5.17 4.93 7.94 59.80

58.44 8.67 29.86 4.71 3.69 3.87 7.12 38.23 66.16 7.03 33.78 3.86 3.24 ' 4.67 9.09 21.35

45

Page 47: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) . (3). (4) (5) "(6)

Balobo (Diplodiscus panicu/atus · Nagtipunan, Quirino Green 0.57 29.89 Turcz.) 12% 0.63 . 33.04

Casiguran, Aurora Green 0.53 27.10 12% . 0.58 37.12

Makiling, Laguna 2 .Green 0.63 48.10 12% 0,.70 IB0.50

Species Total (Trees)/Average 4 Green 0.58 35.03 12% 0.64 50.22

Bayok (Pterospermum diversifolium Tungao, Agusan del su Green 0.44 32.60 Blume) 12%

Bayok-payokan (Pterospermum Makilin'g, Laguna 2 Green 0.53 30.40 niveum Vidal) 12% o.54 68.20

Pagdanan, Palawan 2 Green 0.36 . 22.90 12%

S~cies Total (Trees)/Average 4 Green 0.44 28.63 12% 0.54 68.20

Binunga [Macaranga tanarius (L.) Nagtipunan, Qurino Green 0.36 20.67 Muell.-Arg.] · 12% 0.38 45.28

Buta-buta (Exocecaria aga//ocha L.) MakiUng, Laguna Green 0.44 22.40 12% 0.46 32.40

Ouguan (Myristica philippensis Lam.) Cagwit, Surigao de! Green 0.42 17.72 Sur 12% 0.45 30.22

Himbabao [Broussonetia /uzonica Makiling, Laguna Green 0.45 27.10 (Blanco) Bur. var. luzonica j 12% 0.46 44.60

Katong-matsin [ Chisocheton Makiling, Laguna Green 0.52 30.60 · pentandrus (Blanco) Merr.] 12% 0.57 56.60

. Tufo (Afphitonia phifippinensis Braid) Real, Quezon Green 0.40 29.50 12% 0.47 48.80

Monkayo, Davao del Green 0.46 30.10 Norte 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.43 29.80 12% 0.47 48.80

C. Plantation S12ecies Bagras (Eucalyptus degfupta Blume) Cebu City Green 0.39 26.40

12% PICOP, Surigao del 10 Green 0.42 28.55 Sur 12%

Aras-asan Timber 2 Green 0.39 19.20 Corp., Surigao del Sur 12% 0.42

Species Total (Trees)/Average 13 Green 0.40 24.72 12% 0.42

Durian (Durio zibethinus Merr.) Basilan City Green 0.45 29.30 12%

Para-rubber [Hevea brasiliensis (HBK. ) · Makiling, Laguna Green 0.56 23.50 Muell.-Arg.] 12% 0.58 40.10

Santo! [Sandoricum koetjape (Burm. Polillo Island Green 0.43 28.70 f .) Marr.] 12%

Tungao, Agusan del Green 0.33 21.30 Sur 12%

46

Page 48: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

m (8) (9) I

(10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) . I .

56.04 6.96 23.44 6.03 4.34 5.21 8.19 21 .00 78.46 10.12 38.00 8.80 5.70 7.64 11.14 29.36 38.63 4.77 23.12 5.35 3.63 4.06 7.57 13.94 90.72 10.33 33.07 5 .. 03 6.52 13.26 14.95 81.20 11.80 36.10 7.81 6.08 6.25 9.27 61.80 128.80 14.60 56.40 11.90 7.30 9.40 11.40 41 .70 58.62 7.84 27.55 6.40 4.68 5.17 8.34 32.25 99.33 ·11.68 42.49 10.35 6.01 7.85 11.93 28.67 51.00 7.33 16.901 21.00 9.51 3.47 2.57 3.20 5.96 28.80

-54.90 9.76 20.10· 27.20 12.20 35.20 99.00 13.50 32.40 46.1 0 15.30 35.50 39.40 6.36 15.70 19.60 4.63 2.47 1.76 2.13 4.74 18.30

48.43 7.82 17.57 22.60 8.78 2.97 2.17 2.67 5.35 27.43 99.00 13.50 32.40 46.10 15.30 35.50 44.14 5.65 18.94 3.08 2.16 2.48 5.65 30.55 84.24 9.47 23.24 3.72 2.37 4.28 6.22 27.84 37.20 5.66 11.50 18.20 6.17 -2.86 2.02 2.04 -:5.49 58.60 69.80 7.63 17.70 31 .20 8.15 7.42 3.23 4.18 7.83 26.00 43.40 7.30 23.75 3.94 1.65 2.26 5.70 7.54 59.82 7.86 29.34 4.50 3.02 4.48 8.71 · 12.15 47.20 6.74 13.90 24.30 8.18 4.59 3.80 8.28 34.50' 71.50 7.67 22.70 37.80 8.27 6.33 5.08 12.40 25.70

I

53.10 5.94 13.30 24.10 8.65 3.10 3.28 3.39 5.47 44.70 94.00 10.50 29.10 48.10 12.40 8.41 4.79 6.07 7.39 24.90 43.60 6.49 2.90 2.50 2.38 5.90 25.10 71.70 8.12 5.75 10.00 26.50 46.00 6.21 14.40 23.00 7.22 3.79 2.88 3.36 6.88 24.20

44.80 6.35 14.40 23.00 7.22 3.35 2.69 2.87 6.39 24.65 71.70 8.12 5.75 10.00 26.50

42.70 . 6.20 13.00 20.90 7.75 1.87 4.74 1.65 2.44 15.70

50.45 7.24 24.20 2.72 2.11 2.47 5.77 ~3.20. ~

44.20 6.79 17.00 22.70 10.22 2.96 1.90 2.18 4.82 ~0.1.Q

45.78 6.74 15.00 22.60 8.99 2.52 2.92 2.10 4.34 1s.s7·:

48.10 8.16 16.10 22.60 10.80 3.69 2.35 2.97 5.88 18.10

46.30 6.52 10.40 18.60 7.81 4.48 3.52 3.29 6.92. 39.50 72.70 8.95 20.30 35.40 11 .10 6.36 4.40 7.05 12.10 . 23.70 44.50 4.61 10.40 21.10 5.49 3.40 2.17 2.23 5.28 21,9Q

·~ "'· 34.90 5.08 12.20 16.90 6.35 2.51 1.50 1.86 5.57 ~: 1·6.'

47

Page 49: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

I (1 l (2} Pl (4l (5) "(6) Species Total (Trees)fAverage 2 Green 0.38 2!).QO

12%

V. Low Strength Group

A. Commercial S12ecies Kalantas ( Toona calantas Merr. & Asuncion, Davao del Green 0.29 20.40

Rolfe) Norte 12% 0.33 35.40 Malakalumpang (Sterculia ceramica Famy, Laguna Green 0.27 16.30

R.Br.) 12% 0.31 31.0 Rarang [Erythrina subumbrans Makiling, Laguna Green 0.24 14.50

(Hassk.) Merr.] 12% 0.25 20.20 Nagtipu~an, Quirino 3 Green 0.27 9.63

12% 0.28 17.87 Dilasag, Aurora Green 0.21 9.03

12% 0.22 16.32 Species Total (Trees)/Average 5 'Green 0.24 11.05

12% 0.25 18.13 Tiaong (Shorea ovata Dyer ex Tungao, Agusan del 2 Green 0.31 21.40

Brandis) Sur 12% Butuan City 2 Green 0.33 27.40

12% 0.35 43.40 Species Total (Trees)/Average 4 Green 0.32 24.40

12% 0.35 43.40 Taluto [Pterocymbium tinctorium Makiling, Laguna Green 0.30 17.40

(Blanco) Merr.) 12% Tungao, Agusan del Green 0.34 22.70 Sur 12%

Species Total (Trees)/Average 2 Green 0.32 20.05 12%

B. Lesser-Known SQecies Anabiong [Trema orientalis (l.)J Makiling, Laguna Green 0.36 19.00

12o/O 0.38 32.70 Nagtipunan, Quirino .Green 0.34 9.88

12% 0.35 Dilasag, Aurora Green 0.28 6.37

12% 0.30 20.59 Species Total (Trees)/Average 3 Green 0.33 11 .75

12% 0.34 26.65 Bagalunga (Melia azedarach L.) Tanay, Rizal Green 0.25 21.80.

12% Banilad (Sterculia camosa Wall. ) Nagtipunan, Quirino 2 Green 0.32 12.82

12% 0.34 22.57 Binuang (Octome/es sumatrana Asuncion, Davao del 2 Green 0.26 18.20

Miq.) Norte 12% 0 .28 30.40 Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.27 20.20

12% 0.28 26.70 Species Total (Trees)/Average 4 Green 0.27 19.20

12% 0.28 28.55 Dita [Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. Dilasag, Aurora Green 0.30 9.79 var. scholaris ) 12% 0.31 36.84

Page 50: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(7) (9) (10) (11) (1 2) (13) (14) 5.43 "" (15), (1 6)

'39.70 11.30 19.00 5.92 ' 2.96 1.84 2.05 15.53

31.90 6.17 9.49 13.70 7.25 1.77 1.16 1.44 3.66 13.70 53.30 7.47 19.20 27.00 9.80 2.80 1.59 2.39 6.59 14.40 31 .30 6.24 11.20 15.40 7.98 2.22 1.15 1.35 3.75 13.50 43.80 7.07 18.30 23.70 8.71 2.34 1.34 1.95 3.96 16.10 24.60 4.03 6.94 11.90 4.77 2.08 1.01 1.24 3.65 11.50 33.70 4.63 10.00 16.30 4.96 2.37 1.06 1.60 11.00 6.38 21 .16 2.76 9.62 1.51 0.92 1.16 3.48 6.30 36.81 4.96 21.30 3.16 1.30 2.44 6.18 6.94 12.71 2.37 5.67 0.87 0.54 0.86 2.49 7.06 30.30 4.28 9.18 1.38 1.02 1.74 4.69 10.94 19.49 3.05 6.94 9.06 4.77 1.49 0.82 1.09 3.21 8.29

33.60 4.62 10.00 15.59 4.96 2.30 1.13 1.93 7.29 8.09

37.20 7.65 10.90 15.90 10.40 1.68 1.12 1.59 4.55 11.80

42.70 8.92 14.20 19.50 11.80 2.06 1.23 1.86 4.30 12.60 67.90 11.00 22.20 34.30 13.40 3.54 1.65 2.83 5.59 14.00 39.95 8.29 12.55 . 17.70 11.10 1.87 1.18 1.73 4.43 12,20

67.90 11.00 22.20 34.30 13.40 3.54 1.65 2.83 5.59 14.00 32.40 5.80 8.80 13.60 8.20 2.10 1.20 1.20 3.80 13.90

27.40 4.49 11.80 14.80 7.02 1.68 1.28 2.07 4.57 7.84

29.90 5.15 10.30 14.20 7.61 1.89 1.24 1.64 4.19 10.87

35.80 5.28 7.70 13.90 6.16 2.95 2.20 2.16 5.28 27.00 60.30 6.37 16.90 26.70 7.85 3.65 2.45 3.36 8.64 13.80 25.53 3.70 11.01 1.73 1.54 1.83 3.98 33.02

19.36 2.71 2.64 2.83 7.72 10.32 24.88 2.84 8.37 1.52 1.46 1.73 3.34 20.06 39.34 4.32 19.44 3.06 1.54 2.83 6.26 28.74 3.94 7.70 11.09 6.16 2.07 1 .73 1.91 4.20 26.69

' 49.82 5.35 16.90 21~3 7.85 3.14 2.21 3.01 7.54 12.06

34.10 6.26 11 .60 17AO 8.97 3.15 2.10 2.54 7.12 10.40

27.63 3.58 11.38 1.70 1.49 1.23 3.34 9.36 47.94 6.36 25.20 4.29 2.13 2.88 7.92 11.81 31 .60 6.81 9.51 16.70 8.25 1.26 1.44 1.57 3.70 18.90 43.30 7.80 16.30 25.30 9.02 2.31 1.49 2.11 3.77 10.40 32.10 5.40 9.90 15.30 6.45 1.79 1.57 3.57 14.80 40.00 6.19 14.60 23.00 7.54 2.03 1.96 3.91 7.90 31.85 6.11 9.71 16.00 7.35 1.53 1.44 1 .57 3.64 16.85 41 .65 7.00 15.45 24.15 8.28 2.17 1.49 2.04 3.84 9.15 24.96 3.19 i1 .07 1.12 1.20 1.61 3.30 9.54 51 .27 5.52 20.82 3.30 1.82 3.24 7.30 12.91

49

Page 51: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(1) (2) {3) (4) (5) "(6)

Makiling, Laguna 2 Green 0.36 21.40 12% 3.38

Kaitana [Zanthoxylum limonella Famy, Laguna. Green 0.33 24.00 (Dennst.) Alston] 12% 0.34 39.70

Tangisang-bayawak (Ficus variegata Nagtipunan, Quirino 4 Green 0.29 11.58 Blume var. variegata ) 12% 0.30 19.35

Dilasag, Aurora Green 0.21 6.66 12% 0.22 17.90

Species Total (Trees)/Average 5 Green 0.25 9.12 12% 0.26 18.63

C. Plantatiofi-S.gecies A/nus sp. ' Baguio C ity 5 Green 0.40 20.40

12% Balsa (Ochroma pyramidale (Cav.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.31 18.50

Urb.] 12% 0.32 32.00 Bayabas (Psidium guajava L.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.60 26.50

12% ilang-ilang [Cananga odorata (Lam.) Makiling, Laguna 5 Green 0.30 21.30

Hook. f. & Thoms.) 12% 0.32 28.40 Gubas (Endosperm um pe/tatum Merr.) Tungao, Agusan del 2 Green 0.30 22.60

Sur 12% College, Laguna Green 0.32 18.20

12% 0.33 PTF I, San Teodoro, 2 Green 0.30

Oriental Mindoro 12% Species Total (Trees)/Average 5 Green 0.31 20.40

12% 0.33 Kaatoan bangkal (Anthocephalus Makiling, Laguna 3 Green 0.34 23.40

chinensis (Lamk.) Rich. ex. Walp~ ] 12% 0.35 32.40 Kapok (Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.22 9.02

12% 0.24 Lumbang [Afeurites moluccana (L.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.29 13.50

Willd.) 12% Malapapaya [Po/yscias nodosa Makiling, Laguna Green . 0.37 27.90

(Blume) Seem.] 12% 0.39 47.20 Gumaca, Quezon 6 Green 0.36 18.20

12% 25.35 Species Total (Trees)/Average 7 Green 0.36 23.05

12% 0.39 36.28 Moluccan sau [Paraserianthes Daidi, Nueva Vizcaya 4 Green 0!32 22.70

falcataria (L.) Nielsen] 12% Spanish cedar (Cedrela odorata L.) Makiling, Laguna Green 0.37 23.10

12% 0.46 44.60 Tulip, African (Spathodea campanu/ata Makiling, Laguna 1 Green 0.26 12.80

Beauv.) 12% 0.27 18.50 The metric term for specific gravity stoted in the Metric System Boord Metrification Circular No. 1-80 dated August 7, 1980.

2 l oad required lo embed a l .1 28-cm boll to Ya its diameter. 3 No correction on moisture content was applied on air·dry toughness because there was no sotisfac!ory way of doing so. The values

quoted, however, may be considered for practical purposes and sufficiently indicative of toughness at ,12% moisture content.

10

Page 52: 1 •• • OF PHILIPPI.~ FORVARIOJ...allowable working stresses of Philippine timber species for structural purposes. INTRODUCTION The strength or mechanical properties of wood are

(7) (8) (9) (10) {1 1) (12) {13) (14) (15) (16)

35.70 5.70 12.00 19.40 2.74 1.90 2.16 3.57 17.20

38.60 7.26 13.30 16.70 8.58 1.97 1.47 1.83 5.33 17.10 58.20 8.05 19.10 28.70 9.22 3.15 1.68 2.67 5.43 11.70 25.61 3.19 11.51 1.74 1.28 1.42 3.75 9.81 37.64 4.14 21.44 3.30 1.58 2.65 5.99 10.34 12.23 2.00 11.12 0.88 0.83 1.15 2.70 3.83 24.60 4.25 14.79 2.02 1.47 2.10 4.33 7.93 18.92 2.60 11.32 1.31 1.06 1.29 3.23 6.82 31.12 4.20 18.12 2.66 1.53 2.38 5.16 9.14

35.20 4.22 8.77 16.00 5.47 3.65 3.25 3.09 7.46 53.30

30.80 4.61 11 .40 16.60 5.95 2.66 1.63 22.10 50.50 6.41 14.20 23.40 6.28 4.93 2.41 13.80 48.50 4.47 37.40

32.10 5.91 10.70 13.80 6.82 2.24 1.39 1.49 3.05 14.70 45.60 7.36 14.50 23.30 8.53

I

2.41 1.47 2.36 4.94 12.40 35.50 5.08 11.70 17.20 7.51 2.58 1.39 1.82 5.47 14.90

30.20 4.79 12.50 1.31 0.99 1.38 2.98 6.63

10.63 12.49 6.73 20.93

32.85 4.94 11.70 14.85 7 .51 4.84 4.96· 3.31 4.23 14.15

37.20 4.62 10.00 16.80 5.54 2.87 1.80 2.24 5.49 22.20 53.60 5.86 13.60 24.50 6.89 3.96 2. 14 3.33 6.24 14.20 16.20 2.25 5.63 8.37 2.54 1.52 1.05 1.49 2.60 7.01

6.35 13.30 3.35 1.64 3.1·9 22.10 4.12 5.08 9.67 3.54 1.45 1.20 1.42 3.66 14.50

44.50 8.30 16.40 20.00 9.47 2.72 2.21 2.26 5.57 20.00 62.40 8.74 19.30 29.70 11.00 5.07 2.44 3.65 7.01 11 .10 34.70 5.17 12.76 1.27 1.72 . 2.02 4.09 14.97 51.00 6.16 22.53 3.49 2.32 3.41 6.72 11.72 39.60 6.74 16.40 16.38 9.47 2.00 .1.97 2.14 4.83 17.49 56.70 7.45 19.30 26.12 11.00 4.28 2.38 3.53 6.87 11 .41 37.30 6.45 13.30 17.40 7.97 2.28 1.87 2.20 4.99 22.60

36.20 6.02 13.20 18.50 7.32 2.68 1.84 2.08 4.98 17.40 63.60 6.91 19.80 29.80 7.41 1.01 1.94 2.74 6.54 13.60 20.10 2.72 7.28 10.30 3.03 1.75 1.52 4.05 13.20 34.10 3.57 1.99 2.29 4.93 5.50

51

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