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21 s t Century Teaching ProfessionJ a c k D . D a l e , S u p e r i n t e n d e n tF a i r f a x C o u n t y P u b l i c S c h o o l s

Fairfax County Public Schools• 12th largest U.S. school district

– 174,000 students

• Increasing diversity and poverty

– 11% African-American, 19% Asian, 18% Hispanic, 46% white, 6% Multiracial

– 24% Qualify for Free or Reduced Price Lunch

– 20% Limited English Proficient

• 14,000 teachers, 239 schools

• Generally high levels of student achievement

• $2.3 Billion Budget

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Professional Learning in the Learning Profession:

Four differences found abroad:

• Ample time for PD structured into teachers’ work lives

• Beginning Teachers receive extensive mentoring and induction supports

• Teachers are widely encouraged to participate in school decision making

• Governments provide significant levels of support for additional professional development

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Effective Teacher Development: Time

• Substantial contact hours of PD (ranging from 30-100 hours in total) spread over 6 to 12 months showed a positive and significant effect on student achievement gains

• Intensive PD efforts that offered an average of 49 hours in a year boosted student achievement by approximately 21 percentile points

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Overview of Prior Teacher Compensation Systems

• Supply and Demand

• Length of Service

• College Credits

• Performance & Merit

• Knowledge & Skills

• Professional Roles

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Assumptions for Professional Roles Compensation System

• Teaching is now full-time

• Teaching includes duties outside of the classroom

• Effective schools require teamwork

• Multiple careers exist in education

• Teaching must be attractive to recruits

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Professional EducatorRole Options

• School Improvement

• Feeder/Cluster Improvement

• Classroom Instruction

• New Teacher Support

• Student Transitions

• Extended Student Learning

• Traditional Classroom Role

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Teacher Leadership

Then• Time-clock

culture

• Isolated responsibility

• Narrow job description

• 180 Days in Classroom

• Teacher with groups of students

Now

• Professional culture

• Shared responsibility

• Broader, more flexible role

• Full time - classroom and teams

• Student with groups of teachers

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Goals for Teacher Leadership

• Student achievement

• Instructional innovation

• Professional Learning Community

• Teacher retention

• Cost efficiencies

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Pilot Implementation

24 schools

16 elementary

3 middle school

5 high school

425 teachers

100% at one ES and one HS

6-7 at four schools

$2.1 Million initial cost

Elementary School Demographics

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Non White Free Reduced Meals

ESOL0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Dogwood

Westlawn

Woodburn

Dogwood ES SOL Results

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Westlawn ES SOL Results

13

Reading 3rd

Reading 5th

Math 3rd Math 5th0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2006200720082009

Woodburn ES SOL Results

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Middle School Demographics

15

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Glasgow

South County MS

Glasgow MS SOL Results

16

Reading 8th Math 8th0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2006200720082009

South County MS SOL Results

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High School Demographics

18

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Marshall

South County

West Springfield

Marshall High School IB Participation Percentages

19

Asian Black Hispanic White0.00

25.00

50.00

75.00

100.00

05/06

06/07

07/08

South County High School AP Participation Percentages

20

Asian Black Hispanic White0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

06/0707/08

West Springfield High School AP Participation Percentages

21

Asian Black Hispanic White0.00

25.00

50.00

75.00

100.00

05/06

06/07

07/08

The Challenge Index

22

0.000

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

2007

2008

Elementary School Climate

23

Leadership Professional Development

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

Dogwood

Westlawn

Woodburn

All Schools

Middle School Climate

24

Leadership Professional Development

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

Glasgow

South County Middle

All Schools

High School Climate

25

Marshall West Springfield All Schools1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

Leadership

Professional Development

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Issues – HR/Personnel

• Time and attendance record keeping

• Continuing contract rights

• Flexible days/year

• Different contracts

• Contract decisions in future years

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Issues – Budget Planning

• Calculating savings

• Cost for full-time contract

• Added employer costs

• Change in overhead

• Multi-year phase-in

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Issues – Unions/Employees

• Wages, hours and working conditions

• Two types of contracts

• Adding days vs. reducing time demands

• Union leadership vs. others

• Competition between organizations

• Negotiating selection processes

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Issues – Principals & Schools

• Multi-year school plan

• Job descriptions

• Master work calendar

• Selection of staff

• Elimination of stipends

• Delineation of duties

• Developing teacher leaders

• Job embedded staff training

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Issues – District & Community

• Differing compensation

• Added time for different employee groups

• School based leadership

• Use with other work needs

• Competitive advantage

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Revamping the Teaching Workforce

Jack D. Dale, SuperintendentFairfax County Public Schools

Jack.Dale@fcps.edu