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Demand side management and Renewable Energy In India: Capacity Building of CSOs
DREC PROJECT Gujarat Chapter
Findings of Consumer Perception Survey
3rd March 2012, State Level Training WorkshopPresented by- Ankur Brauah
VIKSAT, Ahmedabad
VIKSAT
Nehru Foundation for Development, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
VIKRAM SARABHAI CENTRE FOR DEVELOPMENT INTERACTION
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The Perception Survey Methodology
• Quantitative - Survey Method
• Qualitative - Focus Group Discussion
• Districts – Ahmedabad
– Kachchh
– Mahesana
– Patan
Total sample-500 HH, 200, 40%
Farmer, 50, 10%
Comm, 50, 10%
Govt, 50, 10%
Ind, 50, 10%
CSOs, 100, 20%
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General perception and awareness on Climate Change
General findings – Climate change/global warming awareness amongst
• 92.6% of total respondents, • 88% of rural respondents • 64% of uneducated
– 59% respondent see Global Warming as a priority issue
– 16% industrial respondents see it as less important issue
– 48% think that it will affect overall living of human
Response to statements – Climate change is happening- 96.8%
– Climate change is affecting everybody-96.8%
– Every individual can do something to adapt to climate change – 85%
– Living today is more important than impact of climate change-89.8%
– Climate change implications on quality of life of next generation- 85.8%
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Major inferences of RE awareness • Awareness about RE in is comparatively lower among women (70%) and uneducated
(60%) respondents (total 92%)
• Awareness about RE sources – Solar 92%– Wind 79%– Biomass-17%– Biogas – 34%– Hydro -33%
• Awareness about cost effectiveness of RE does not relate with actual use of RE equipments
• There is a gap between awareness and practice of RE sources
• Major barriers in adoption of RE– High Initial Cost – Poor After Sale Services
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Major inferences of DSM and EE • Power cut (8%) and voltage fluctuation (14%) are major supply
problems (both 29%, total 51% )
• Patan (61%) and Kachchh (60%) has more supply problem
• There is gap between awareness and use of EE products
• Nearly half of the respondents have fair idea about identification of EE products
• EE users are not satisfied with the EE products (66%)
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Gap between Awareness and Practice
Cost effectiveness of RE equipments
76
57
3137
44
19
6
30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Very High Comparable Low No idea
%a
ge
Awarness
Use of RE equipments
Use of EE products
86 8678
85
58
8477
7064
8192
83
0
10
2030
40
50
60
7080
90
100
Household Commercial Government Industrial Farmer CSOs
%a
ge
Awareness
Practice
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Issues of RE and EE
Cost effectiveness of RE equipment
35.5
48
4044
36
43
1924 26 24
1622
9
18 20
12
2421
36.5
1014
2024
14
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Household Commercial Government Industrial Farmer CSOs
%a
ge
Very High
Comparable
Low
No idea
EE issues in industries & commercials
Lack of proper service, 12.2%
Other, 11.0%
No incentive from govt, 18.3%
EE technology not available, 12.2%
Not aware of proper EE technology, 37.8%
High investment cost, 8.5%
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Major inferences of willingness to pay for RE
• There is a positive trend to pay for clean energy (62%)
• More proportion of respondent from Patan (84%) and Mahesana (73%) are willing to pay than Ahmedabad (18%) and Katchchh (39%)
• Among willing respondents majority (62%) are willing to pay up to 20% of additional cost
• Govt. subsidy (48%) and better R&D (46%) are expected by majority of consumers
• Credit facility for RE is known by very less numbers of consumers (37%)
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Willingness to pay and demand for REWillingness to pay for clean energy
Commercial, 78%
Government, 62%Industrial, 80%
Farmer, 54%
CSOs, 59% Household, 61.5%
Value addition required for RE
46
24
40
80
45
65
52
73
60
18
55
31
010203040
5060708090
Household Commercial Government Industrial Farmer CSOs
%a
ge
Reliability
After sale services
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Annexure
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Awareness/understanding about Renewable Energy Highlights of awareness about RE
Total HH Urban Rural Uneducated Female
92% 85% 93% 82% 60% 70%
Source of RE
Solar Wind Biomass Biogas Hydro Tidal
91.51% 79.25% 16.98 % 34.43% 33.49 % 25.47%
Believes that RE can Improve Environment
Total Household Commercial Government Industrial Farmer
97.0% 95.5 100.0 % 94.0 % 96.0 % 98.0 %
Cost Effectiveness of RE Equipments
Expensive Comparable Low No idea
35.6% 18.4% 12% 34%
Awareness about RE run electric equipments and use
Awareness Use
Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural
57.5% 78% 62% 62% 65% 45%
Reasons of not using RE equipments
High initial cost Poor Product quality
No after sale service
No financial incentive
Other reasons
47.5% 9.1% 21.2% 19.2% 17.2%
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Awareness about DSM and EE Power supply problems
Frequent power cut
Voltage fluctuation Both None Supply problem
Rural Urban
7.8% 14.4% 28.6% 49.2% 55% 49%
Power supply problem across districts
Frequent power cut Voltage fluctuation Both None
Mahesana 12 % 6 % 82 %
Patan 13 % 10 % 39 % 39 %
Ahmedabad 100 %
Kachchh 11 % 9 % 40 % 40 %
EE can reduce power bill
Household Commercial Government Industrial Farmer CSOs
83% 86% 86% 92% 78% 85%
Use of EE in HH
Total Rural Urban
58% 56% 59%
Identification of EE products
Star rating BEE labeling No idea Other
Use of star rating
Rural Urban
53% 12.5% 29.5% 6% 45% 71%
Satisfaction over EE products in HH
Extremely High High Medium Low Not satisfied
7% 27% 48% 17% 2%
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Willingness to pay for clean energy Willingness to pay for Clean Energy
Total Domestic Agriculture Rural Urban
61.6% 61% 53.6% 54% 61.9%
Industrial Govt Private CSO's Educational
83.1% 60.0 % 76.3 % 53.8 % 66.7 %
Mahesana Patan Ahmedabad Kachchh
73 % 84 % 18 % 39 %
0% To 20% 20% to 30% 30% To 40% 40% To 50% 50% and ABOVE CAN'T SAY
62 % 26 % 5 % 2 % 1 % 5 %
Willingness to install solar lighting and heater
Total Rural Urban
94.5% 69.5% 25%
Barriers to adoption of renewable energy
Govt. should provided more subsidy
Invest more in R&D to improve technology
Surcharge on other sources of supply
Other
48.5 % 46 % 2.1 % 3.3 %
Awareness about credit facilities for RE
Total Urban Rural
36.6% 39.3% 23.8%
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Stakeholder’s Responses Farmers • 66% farmers use electricity and 28% uses diesel to run pump set • 98% of farmers agrees that diesel and kerosene generates air pollution• 22% farmers are using EE pump set but unable to save money as half
of the farmers are in fixed rate billing system• 64% farmers are not aware of availability of solar pump- none of them
using solar pump
Households • 60% of amongst the aware HH are using EE products • Neighbour’s choice is the priority in identifying EE products over star
rating • Saving in electricity bill is moderate for majority • Satisfaction from EE products moderate and less for majority (60%) • Only 14% HH are using RE run electric appliances • RE technology is not available for high power consuming appliances• The cost of EE products is high but durability is less, so net saving is
not substantial
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Commercial• 84% of commercials are aware of BEE labeling and star rating• 20% have conducted energy audit last 2 years • 26% have adopted one or other types of EE measures
Industries• 96% of industries are aware of BEE labeling and star rating• 66% have conducted energy audit last 2 years • 70% have adopted one or other types of EE measures
Govt. Institutions • 72% of govt. institutions are aware of BEE labeling and star rating• 20% have conducted energy audit last 2 years • 40% have adopted one or other types of EE measures
CSOs• 73 of the CSO thinks global warming is the much more important development issue • All CSOs believe promotion of RE will improve environment • 35 CSOs are working with Energy related issues • Absence of funding and lack of knowledge on the issue are major difficulty for CSOs
to work with Energy issue • 49 CSOs are unaware of Regulatory Authority and 68 are unaware that regulator is
mandated to consult CSOs and while fixing electricity tariff • 74 CSOs are interested to work with Energy issue provided support
Stakeholder’s Responses