1 2 6 developing good study habits
TRANSCRIPT
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UNIT 1 CHAPTER 2.6 Developing Good Study Habits
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Developing Good Study Habits
It should be clear that finishing high
school is essential to getting a good job
and enjoying a successful career.
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• Learning good study habits
• Managing your time
• Becoming skilled in test taking
• Listening and taking notes
Four things will help you succeed in high
school:
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By studying, you reinforce the material
presented in your classes by:
• Reviewing textbook chapter or class notes
• Working some exercises or problems
This makes the material your own and leads
to better grades.
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Tips on the importance of studying:
• It doesn’t have to be boring or hard.
• When done right, it is interesting and fun.
• Start at the beginning of the course.
• Most classes start easy and get harder.
• Master the first lesson or you will be lost.
Studying, when done right, can be
interesting and enjoyable.
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A. acquiring test-taking skills
B. managing time well
C. studying
D. improving listening and note taking
skills
Strengthening your understanding of
the material that was presented to you
in school is called _______.
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A. acquiring test-taking skills
B. managing time well
C. studying
D. improving listening and note taking
skills
Strengthening your understanding of
the material that was presented to you
in school is called _______.
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Where to Study
School
Library
Home
Friend’s house
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• The library, with its
quiet atmosphere
and availability of
reference material,
will put you in the
right frame of mind
to study.
• Choose one
place you go
just to study.
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• Any good place to study should have
good lighting, seating, and writing
space with few interruptions.10
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• Organize your study materials and have
them at hand! 11
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• Avoid listening to
music while you
study. Music may
relax you but
ultimately may
prove to be a
distraction and
keep the material
from sticking.
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• Studying with a friend can be productive if
you are working on the same assignment.14
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• But random
conversation
and visiting
can be a
distraction!
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• Try experimenting with “study buddies” to
find out who you work best with so you
can get the most out of the experience.
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When to Study
Set regular times to study.
What time is best for you?
Right after school?
Evenings?
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A. School library
B. A friend’s home
C. Your after-school workplace
D. Your home
Which of these locations is the least
effective environment for studying?
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A. School library
B. A friend’s home
C. Your after-school workplace
D. Your home
Which of these locations is the least
effective environment for studying?
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A. You will associate it only with
schoolwork and not with recreation.
B. All of your materials will be in once
place so you will be organized.
C. This place will always be quiet and
have good lighting.
D. You will be more relaxed in a
familiar place.
What is the most important reason to
have just one place you go to study?
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A. You will associate it only with
schoolwork and not with recreation.
B. All of your materials will be in once
place so you will be organized.
C. This place will always be quiet and
have good lighting.
D. You will be more relaxed in a
familiar place.
What is the most important reason to
have just one place you go to study?
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Immediately attack the material for:
• Term papers
• Science projects
• Other big assignments
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Remember even the scariest assignment can be tamed with just a little planning:
• Break the work down into steps.
• Plot them on your calendar.
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Mastering this technique will give you a
skill that will help you the rest of your life.
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Some guidelines for studying are:
1. Take breaks during long study
sessions.
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Some guidelines for studying are:
1. Take breaks during long study
sessions.
2. Don't spend all your time on one
subject.
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Some guidelines for studying are:
1. Take breaks during long study
sessions.
2. Don't spend all your time on one
subject.
3. Begin with the most boring or
hardest subject and work toward
the easiest one.
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Some guidelines for studying are:
1. Take breaks during long study
sessions.
2. Don't spend all your time on one
subject.
3. Begin with the most boring or
hardest subject and work toward
the easiest one.
4. Keep a schedule for at least a week.
Be sure to include time for
recreation, sleep, exercise, food,
and friends.
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A. Taking regular fifteen-minute breaks
during long sessions but getting back to
work immediately.
B. Limiting the study session to only one
subject.
C. Beginning with the most difficult
material then progressing to the easiest.
D. Making a monthly schedule and sticking
to it.
Which of these study techniques is
recommended?
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A. Taking regular fifteen-minute breaks
during long sessions but getting back to
work immediately.
B. Limiting the study session to only one
subject.
C. Beginning with the most difficult
material then progressing to the easiest.
D. Making a monthly schedule and sticking
to it.
Which of these study techniques is
recommended?
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Study Methods
O. Overview
K. Key Ideas
R1. Read
R2. Recall
R3. Reflect
R4. Review
OK4R PQRST
P. Preview
Q. Question
R. Read
S. State
T. Test
A couple of study methods that will help
you with the material in your book go by
the following initials:
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O. Overview
K. Key Ideas
R1. Read
R2. Recall
R3. Reflect
R4. Review
OK4R
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O. OVERVIEW
Read the title, the introductory
and summarizing paragraphs
(often at the beginning or end
of a chapter, often in bold
type), and all headings.
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K. KEY IDEAS
Skim for the key ideas
(usually found in the first
sentence of each paragraph).
Read italics and bold type;
study pictures, graphs, and
tables.
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KEY IDEAS34
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A. Relating what you just read to your
previous knowledge of the subject,
comparing it to the last chapter’s material
B. Skimming the text, noting italics or bold
type, carefully observing pictures, tables
and graphs
C. Closing the book, thinking about or writing
down the main points, discussing them
with a study buddy
D. Reading the title, introduction, chapter
headings, and summarizing paragraphs
Which of these activities is included in the
Key Ideas step of the OK4R study method?
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A. Relating what you just read to your
previous knowledge of the subject,
comparing it to the last chapter’s material
B. Skimming the text, noting italics or bold
type, carefully observing pictures, tables
and graphs
C. Closing the book, thinking about or writing
down the main points, discussing them
with a study buddy
D. Reading the title, introduction, chapter
headings, and summarizing paragraphs
Which of these activities is included in the
Key Ideas step of the OK4R study method?
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R1. READ
Read the entire assignment.
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R2. RECALL
Put aside the material and say
or write the major points
of the reading. (This is where
a study buddy can help.)
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RECALL
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R3. REFLECT
Fix the material in your mind,
and relate it to any other
information you may have
studied about the subject.
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REFLECT
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R4. REVIEW
Do this step before the
next test or quiz on the
material.
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REVIEW
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A. Read
B. Recall
C. Reflect
D. Review
In the OK4R study method, which of
the four Rs involves relating what you
just read to your previous knowledge
of the subject?
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A. Read
B. Recall
C. Reflect
D. Review
In the OK4R study method, which of
the four Rs involves relating what you
just read to your previous knowledge
of the subject?
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P. Preview
Q. Question
R. Read
S. State
T. Test
PQRST
Now let’s take a look at this study method.
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P. PREVIEW
Briefly glance through the
material scanning topic
sentences, pictures, graphs,
tables, and summaries just
for main points. Do not yet
worry about details.
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PREVIEW49
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Q. QUESTION
Make up questions about the
material. Many textbooks
include questions at the end
of the chapter. Read the
questions to get an idea of the
material you are going to read.
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R. READ
Effective reading is reaction.
Think about what you are
reading. Read all the
information, but try to figure
out each point and
concentrate your thoughts.
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A. Qualify
B. Quiet
C. Quiz
D. Question
In the PQRST study method, what
does the Q stand for?
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A. Qualify
B. Quiet
C. Quiz
D. Question
In the PQRST study method, what
does the Q stand for?
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S. STATE
Say aloud what you have read.
Put into your own words the
facts, thoughts, and ideas you
have read. In some cases, you
may prefer to write out sentences
or notes to recall your readings.
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T. TEST
Think of this as a review step.
Sometime after the first reading
and saying, test how much you
remember about the material. If you
have written out notes or sentences,
check back and see if you still recall
the important information.
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TEST
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A. Writing down what they’ve learned and
having a friend read the sentences back to
them.
B. Making a recording of the first sentence of
each paragraph then listening to it after
they’ve read the chapter.
C. Stating aloud the ideas and facts in their own
words after reading the material
D. Ask the instructor to let them review or
borrow any relevant audio-visual materials
In the PQRST study method, what version of the
State step should be tried by students who
learn best by listening?
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A. Writing down what they’ve learned and
having a friend read the sentences back to
them.
B. Making a recording of the first sentence of
each paragraph then listening to it after
they’ve read the chapter.
C. Stating aloud the ideas and facts in their own
words after reading the material
D. Ask the instructor to let them review or
borrow any relevant audio-visual materials
In the PQRST study method, what version of the
State step should be tried by students who
learn best by listening?
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Tests And Exams
The best preparation for examinations
is keeping up with assignments using
good study behavior.
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"I'm
prepared for
this exam!"
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"I sure
wish I would have
started studying
sooner!"
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Effective Exam Preparation
• Keep up with assignments.
• Study regularly.
• Anticipate teacher's questions.
• Review emphasized class
discussions.
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Ideas for Test Taking
If faced with an objective or short answer
test – pay attention to details.
If taking an essay exam – write about the
big ideas of the material and their
relationships.
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Ineffective Exam Preparation
• Cramming - will make you less likely toremember the material.
• Excessive worrying
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Preparing for an exam at the last
minute
Cramming
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Effective test taking:
• Read directions carefully.
•Ask for clarification of directions.
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True or False: Cramming for an exam
is ineffective because you are unlikely
to be able remember the information
during the test.
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True
True or False: Cramming for an exam
is ineffective because you are unlikely
to be able remember the information
during the test.
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Example of Multiple Choice
Test
In which of the following activities may
an NJROTC cadet participate while in
uniform?
A. Political activities
B. Private employment
C. Commercial interests
D. School activities
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Example of True/False
Test
True or False. The sword salute on the
march is the survival of fancy moves
made by officers in military revues of
the 17th century.
A. True
B. False
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Strategies to use on short answer
and true/false tests:
• Make a 30-second survey.
• Pay attention to details.
• Penalty for guessing?
• Use a steady pace.
• Skip and mark difficult questions.
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Example of Completion Test
1. Socialism means that all work is
cooperative and no competition is
allowed.
2. Monarchies claimed that their power
to rule came from divine inspiration.
3. Mikhail Gorbachev became the new
leader in 1985, of the communist party
in the USSR and immediately began a
major reform campaign.75
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COMPLETION TEST
1. Socialism means that all work is
cooperative and no competition is
allowed.
Strategies to use on completion tests:
• Do not leave blanks.
• Check doubtful questions.
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Match the body part to the adverse effect that
alcohol has on it.
Brain Weakens the pumping action and decreases
the amount of blood to this body part
Stomach Affects the cortex of this body part causing the
drinker to feel the "high" of intoxication
Liver Causes this body part to secrete more gastric
acid, which contributes to the formation of
peptic ulcers
Heart Affects this body part's cells and decreases its
ability to metabolize fat
Example of Matching Test
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Matching Tests
Strategies to use on matching tests:
• Answer easy questions first.
• Follow directions; sometimes answers
may be used more than once.
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True or False: On a short-answer test,
do the difficult questions first and
come back to the easy ones later.
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False
True or False: On a short-answer test,
do the difficult questions first and
come back to the easy ones later.
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Example of Essay Test
1. What is the difference between
prejudice and discrimination?
2. What are the two main sources from
which you learn prejudice?
3. What are the three possible outcomes
in a situation of conflict? Which is the
most positive?
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Essay Test
Essay tests usually require long written
answers to complex questions.
Unlike matching, true-false, and other
short answer tests, essay tests show your:
• Mastery of the material
• Writing skills
• Organizational skills
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Essay Test
1. What is the difference between
prejudice and discrimination?
2. What are the two main sources from
which you learn prejudice?
Strategies to use on essay tests:
• Read all questions first.
• Note phrases in margin.
• Know meaning of cue words.
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Outlining
techniques:
• Organize the
answer.
• Write legibly.
• Read and
check.
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Essay Test
1. What is the difference between
prejudice and discrimination?
2. What are the two main sources from
which you learn prejudice?
Write legibly, and review your answers
before turning your paper in. Sometimes to
fill the blank space, you may write things
that are interesting and true, but not the
answer to the question.
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The questions on essay tests are
often not really questions, but
commands: “Explain the causes of
the American Revolution.” These
commands are often given in
language you don’t use every day.
The matching drill on words in the
next few slides will prevent any
unpleasant surprises on test day.
Essay Tests
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Matching Drill #1 - Match the cue with
its definition.
A. ANALYZE
B. COMPARE
C. CONTRAST
D. DEFINE
E. ELABORATE
a. To show differences or
similarities between two or
more things
b. To give a clear, undetailed,
but precise meaning
c. To examine critically, to
show essential features
d. To show differences when
compared
e. To develop a theme or idea
in greater detail
CUE DEFINITION
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Matching Drill #1 - ANSWERS
A. ANALYZE
B. COMPARE
C. CONTRAST
D. DEFINE
E. ELABORATE
a. To show differences or
similarities between two or
more things
b. To give a clear, undetailed,
but precise meaning
c. To examine critically, to
show essential features
d. To show differences when
compared
e. To develop a theme or idea
in greater detail
CUE DEFINITION
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Matching Drill #2 - Match the cue with
its definition.
A. EVALUATE
B. EXPLAIN
C. ILLUSTRATE
D. LIST
E. OUTLINE
a. To set down under each other a
series of facts, dates, words,
names, or data
b. To appraise carefully, giving
both the positive and negative
aspects
c. To clarify and interpret the
details of a problem, theory or
subject
d. To organize facts or to show
relationships
e. To explain or clarify by giving an
example
CUE DEFINITION
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A. EVALUATE
B. EXPLAIN
C. ILLUSTRATE
D. LIST
E. OUTLINE
a. To set down under each other a
series of facts, dates, words,
names, or data
b. To appraise carefully, giving
both the positive and negative
aspects
c. To clarify and interpret the
details of a problem, theory or
subject
d. To organize facts or to show
relationships
e. To explain or clarify by giving an
example
CUE DEFINITION
Matching Drill #2 - ANSWERS
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A. Make marginal notes using key words
and phrases you plan to cover
B. Organize your ideas, possibly using an
outline structure to check for
weaknesses
C. Look up any command words in the
question such as “illustrate,” “compare”
and “evaluate.
D. Read the question carefully to make
sure you understand it.
Before writing your response to an essay
test question, what should you do first?
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A. Make marginal notes using key words
and phrases you plan to cover
B. Organize your ideas, possibly using an
outline structure to check for
weaknesses
C. Look up any command words in the
question such as “illustrate,” “compare”
and “evaluate.
D. Read the question carefully to make
sure you understand it.
Before writing your response to an essay
test question, what should you do first?
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Listening and Note-taking Skills
Good listening skills are important to
success in school. Listening is a lot more
than just hearing.
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Continuous, unfocused,
and unconscious
Hearing
Listening
Focused, conscious activity
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Listening is the neglected
communication skill.
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A. Writing
B. Speaking
C. Listening
D. Reading
What communication skill is the most
neglected?
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A. Writing
B. Speaking
C. Listening
D. Reading
What communication skill is the most
neglected?
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You become a better listener by
understanding the four types of listening:
• Passive
• Competitive
• Active
• Reflective
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Passive listening is one-way
communication. You may or may not
understand what you’ve heard. Listening to
your MP3 player or television or a teacher
who doesn’t take questions are examples.
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Competitive listening takes place when you
are not listening closely. You only listen long
enough to get the necessary information.
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Active listening is two-way communication.
You pay full attention and think about the
information.
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Reflective listening involves not only actively
listening to the speaker, but also interpreting
the speaker’s feelings. Good friends often
engage in reflective listening.
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A. Competitive
B. Reflective
C. Active
D. Passive
What type of listening involves
interpreting what the speaker is
saying and observing body language?
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A. Competitive
B. Reflective
C. Active
D. Passive
What type of listening involves
interpreting what the speaker is
saying and observing body language?
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A. active
B. competitive
C. passive
D. reflective
When friends have a conversation,
they usually use _______ listening.
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A. active
B. competitive
C. passive
D. reflective
When friends have a conversation,
they usually use _______ listening.
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Effective Listening Techniques
To be a good listener, you need to focus on
what the speaker is saying. The following
techniques can help you.
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• Clarify. Ask specific questions to ensure
you’ve understood the speaker.
Example: “When you say the research
paper is due on the 15th, do you mean in
class, or by the end of the day?”
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• Restate. Use the speaker’s words as your
own and repeat what you think the
speaker has said.
Example: “Did I understand you correctly?
Did you say that classes will be canceled if
the temperature falls below zero degrees
Fahrenheit?”
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• Acknowledge. Let the speaker know you
have understood the message and that you
appreciate the speaker’s point of view.
Example: “I appreciate the fact that you can’t attend every meeting. I realize that you live much farther from school than most students do.”
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• Summarize. Touch on the main ideas or
conclusions, not each individual point. You
restate the main ideas and set the tone for
the next subject or conversation. This can be
useful when you are discussing several
issues.
Example: “OK. We’ve agreed that I’ll work your shift on Thursday evening and you’ll work mine on Friday morning, right?”
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• Frame. You present information in a neutral
way. You can then find areas of agreement
on which to focus. This helps shape the
conversation.
Example: “I can see your point that we need
new team equipment, but we won’t get it
soon. Do you think we can make better use
of what we have?”
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A. acknowledging
B. clarifying
C. framing
D. restating
Active listeners use the technique of
_______ when they indicate that they
understand and appreciate the
speaker’s message and point of view.
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A. acknowledging
B. clarifying
C. framing
D. restating
Active listeners use the technique of
_______ when they indicate that they
understand and appreciate the
speaker’s message and point of view.
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Note Taking
One way to remember what a speaker
or teacher says is to take notes.
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Note taking tips:
• Don’t try to write down every word.
• Too many notes lead to poor listening skills.
• Jot down words, phrases, diagrams.
• Draw arrows and use bullet points.
• Make a sentence or two of the main points.
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You could write down:
• Gs-philosophic, poetic
• Rs-practical, engineering
If your teacher says, “Some differences
between the Greeks and Romans were that
the Greeks were a philosophic and poetic
culture; whereas, the Romans were a
practical and engineering culture.”
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Read over your notes soon after you take
them, while the speaker’s ideas are still
fresh in your mind.
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Traits of a Successful
Student
Successful students:
• Set goals, so they have a clear idea why
they are in school.
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• Practice good study habits.
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• Manage time well.
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• Become skilled in test taking.
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True or False: Since you shouldn’t try
to write down everything you hear
during a lecture, you should just jot
down words and phrases as
reminders of the main points, then
review them several hours later.
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False
True or False: Since you shouldn’t try
to write down everything you hear
during a lecture, you should just jot
down words and phrases as
reminders of the main points, then
review them several hours later.
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It is never too early
for thinking about
what your goals in
life should be,
especially your
career goals.Short & Mid-Term Goals
Long-Term Goals
Conclusion
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Whether you go
to college or not,
you’ll want a
satisfying career,
not just a string of
jobs.
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The NJROTC program is an excellent
source of information for any career
program that you may want to consider.
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Naval science instructors will assist
you if you are considering the military
as a career.
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A. skim
B. summarize
C. review
D. cram
The least effective way to
prepare for a test is to _______,
since it is unlikely that students
will be able to remember the
information they tried to learn at
the last minute.
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A. skim
B. summarize
C. review
D. cram
The least effective way to
prepare for a test is to _______,
since it is unlikely that students
will be able to remember the
information they tried to learn at
the last minute.
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A. Technical
B. Medical and Dental
C. Law Enforcement
D. Mechanical
The Nuclear Power, Electronics,
and _______ Programs are the
three particularly demanding
programs offered to Naval
enlistees.
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A. Technical
B. Medical and Dental
C. Law Enforcement
D. Mechanical
The Nuclear Power, Electronics,
and _______ Programs are the
three particularly demanding
programs offered to Naval
enlistees.
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A. Studying with a friend
B. Starting with the hardest
subject
C. Listening to music
D. Making a weekly schedule
Which of these study
techniques is not considered
effective?
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A. Studying with a friend
B. Starting with the hardest
subject
C. Listening to music
D. Making a weekly schedule
Which of these study
techniques is not considered
effective?
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A. Key ideas
B. Reflect
C. Review
D. Recall
In the OK4R study method, what
phase involves thinking about
how the material fits in with
prior knowledge about the
subject?
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A. Key ideas
B. Reflect
C. Review
D. Recall
In the OK4R study method, what
phase involves thinking about
how the material fits in with
prior knowledge about the
subject?
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A. Look up command words in the
question such as “evaluate” and
“contrast.”
B. Make notes in the margins to plan the
key words and phrases they will
include.
C. Read the question carefully to make
sure they understand what they are
being asked to do.
D. Outline their ideas and look for any
weaknesses or omissions.
On an essay test, what should students do
before they begin writing their response?
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A. Look up command words in the
question such as “evaluate” and
“contrast.”
B. Make notes in the margins to plan the
key words and phrases they will
include.
C. Read the question carefully to make
sure they understand what they are
being asked to do.
D. Outline their ideas and look for any
weaknesses or omissions.
On an essay test, what should students do
before they begin writing their response?