[MUSIC]This week,we've studied the political landscapeof England in the early 13th century.And we've seen how Magna Cartagrew in importance andstature, as it was successivelyreissued in 1215, 1217 and 1225.We have seen how the document went frombeing a list of demands of unhappy baronsto being a royal document, laying outthe principals of justice for all.Magna Carta came to protectthe freedoms of all free men,guaranteeing their rights andholding the monarch to account.The concerns that founded Magna Carta,were not peculiar to England at this time,various European countries were seekingways to hold their rulers to account,to protect their right to own property,and to retain their ownpersonal liberty unless theyneeded to be tried for a crime.But England was politically precocious, inthat the nation as a whole, rallied behindthe Charter that was produced, andstuck to it over the successive reissues.Magan Carta's freedoms,however, only applied to some andnot a large proportion of the population.Only free men were protected by MagnaCarta, not the peasants who were forced tostay on the land that belonged to the Lordof the Manor in their region, and work forhim to grow food.Magna Carta only protectedthe interests of the powerful, andit did not bring an end totyranny in the fields of England.