1 |1 | first meeting of who collaborating centers in iran first meeting of who collaborating centers...

1 |First Meeting of WHO Collaborating Centers in IranFirst Meeting of WHO Collaborating Centers in Iran

First Meeting of WHO Collaborating Centers in

The Islamic Republic of Iran

10 -11 June 2014

Tehran, Iran


Global Research Strategies and the role of WHO CCs

Najeeb Al-Shorbaji

Director, Knowledge, Ethics and Research

World Health Organization

3 |First Meeting of WHO Collaborating Centers in Iran

The mandate: research in the WHO Constitution, 1948

Article (n) to promote and conduct research in the field of health;

Article 28: The Executive Board may authorize the DG to undertake studies and research about an urgency.


Six core functions of WHO1. Providing leadership on matters critical to health and

engaging in partnerships where joint action is needed2. Shaping the research agenda and stimulating the

generation, translation and dissemination of valuable knowledge

3. Setting norms and standards, and promoting and monitoring their implementation

4. Articulating ethical and evidence-based policy options5. Providing technical support, catalysing change, and

building sustainable institutional capacity6. Monitoring the health situation and assessing health

trends.


WHO six leadership priorities

1) Advancing universal health coverage. All people receiving quality health services that meet their needs without exposing them to financial hardship, has never been higher on the international health agenda;

2) Health-related Millennium Development Goals:i. to reduce child mortality;

ii. to improve maternal health;

iii. to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases;



3) Addressing the challenge of noncommunicable diseases. The WHO Global NCD Action Plan 2013-2020 (GAP) is a critical component of the global NCD architecture and a clear roadmap for action to reach the global targets by 2025.

4) Implementing the provisions of the International Health Regulations (2005):

i. legally-binding agreement significantly contributes to global public health security;

ii. improve the capacity of all countries to detect, assess, notify and respond to public health threats



5) Increasing access to essential, high-quality, safe, effective and affordable medical products:i. Supporting universal health coverage.

ii. Monitoring and the use of information.

iii. Access to medicines for noncommunicable diseases.

iv. Rational use of medicines.

v. Antimicrobial resistance.

vi. Access to medicines for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria, reproductive and maternal and child health.

vii. Innovation and the local production of medicines.



6) Addressing the social, economic and environmental determinants of health

i. the social and economic environment,

ii. the physical environment, and

iii. the person’s individual characteristics and behaviours.


A few milestones.. 1959 Advisory Committee on Medical Research (1986 changed to

ACHealthR-ACHR) 1972 – Special Programme Research Development and Training in

Human Reproduction 1975 – TDR: Special Programme Research Development and

Training in Tropical Diseases 1990 - WHA43.19 The role of health research 2005 – EVIPNet – Evidence Informed Policy Network 2005 – International Clinical Trials Registry Platform ICTRP 2007 – Guideline Review Committee 2010 – Global strategy for health research


WHA43.19 The role of health research (1990)

The Resolution calls on all Member States to undertake essential health research appropriate to national needs in order to:

1.identify and understand their own priority health problems;

2.improve the use of limited resources;

3.improve health policy and management;

4.foster innovation and experimentation;

5.contribute to new knowledge;


WHO Strategy on Research for Health Agenda item 11.19, 63rd WHA (2010)

WHO’s role in research….. and the role of research in

WHO… Recognizes research as central to progress in

global health;

Identifies how WHO can work with Member States and partners to harness knowledge, science and technology to produce research evidence and tools to improve health outcomes.


Five main goals of the WHO Research Strategy:

Capacity – building capacity to strengthen health research systems

Priorities – supporting the setting of research priorities that meet health needs, particularly in low and middle income countries

Standards – creating an environment to promote good research practices and enable the greater sharing of research evidence, tools, and materials

Translation – ensuring quality evidence is turned into policies, services and products

Organization – action to strengthen the research culture within WHO and improve the management and coordination of WHO research activities


WHO research strategy: five main areas of activities

Diagnosis - Measurement of the problem;

Determinants - understanding causes of the problem;

Development of solutions; Translation and delivery of the solution; Evaluation of the impact of the solution.

Research priority setting checklistResearch priority setting checklist

3. InclusivenessDecide who should be involved and why. Balance/representation expertises and balanced gender and regional participation?

2. Use of a comprehensive approach Adopt or adapt an established method or develop own.

8. EvaluationDefine when and how the priorities will be reviewed. Research priority setting is not a solitary exercise!

5. Planning for implementationEstablish plans to translate the priorities to actual research. Who will implement the research priorities? And how?

7. Methods for deciding prioritiesChoose an approach to ranking or reaching consensus on priorities.

4. Information gathering.

literature reviews, collection of technical data (burden of disease or cost-effectiveness data), broader stakeholder views, reviews or impact analyses of previous priority setting exercises or exercises from other geographical levels.

6. CriteriaSelect criteria to focus discussion around setting research priorities.

1.Context:

which contextual factors underpin the process: What resources are available for the exercise? What is the focus of the exercise (e.g. who is it for?

9. TransparencyWrite a clear report: Who set the priorities? How exactly were the priorities set?


Collaboration is core to WHO

1949 Second World Health Assembly concluded that "research in the field of health is best advanced by assisting, coordinating and making use of the activities of existing institutions"


WHO Collaborating Centres

"In everything we do, WHO relies on the expertise of hundreds of formal WHO Collaborating Centres, in your countries, and thousands of the best brains in science, medicine, and public health, in your countries. They give us their time freely and it is my strong impression that they do so with pride."

Dr Margaret Chan, Director-General, address to the Sixty-fourth World Health Assembly, 16 May 2011.


Functional scope of WHO Collaborating Centres

a) collection, collation and dissemination of information;

b) standardization of terminology and nomenclature, of technology, of diagnostic, therapeutic and prophylactic substances, and of methods and procedures;

c) development of evidence-based technical guidance tools and resource materials on various topics;

d) development and application of appropriate technology;

e) provision of reference substances and other services;

f) participation in collaborative research developed under WHO's leadership, including the planning, conducting, monitoring and evaluation of research; evaluation of WHO interventions in countries; and promotion of the application of the results of research;

g) training, including research training;

h) coordination of activities carried out by several institutions on a given subject;

i) capacity-building work at country level;

j) provision of monitoring, preparedness and response services to deal with disease outbreaks and public health emergencies.


Functional scope of WHO Collaborating Centres

F. participation in collaborative research developed under WHO's leadership, including the planning, conducting, monitoring and evaluation of research; evaluation of WHO interventions in countries; and promotion of the application of the results of research;


About WHO networks of CCs

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Today more than 750 CCs in over 80 countries


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ABOUT WHO CC NETWORKS

> Collaborating Centres

> Reference Laboratories

> National Influenza Centres

Network

Development, maintenance and use of health

classifications.

Network

Network

Global Influenza Surveillance and

Response System

WHO Network for the family of International

Classifications

The Global Network of WHO CCs for

Nursing & Midwifery Development

1. Monitors the evolution of influenza viruses

2. Provides recommendations 3. A global alert mechanism for

the emergence of influenza viruses with pandemic potential.


Collaborating Centres (44)

It strives to enhance the collaborative activities of Nursing and Midwifery Collaborating Centres, supporting WHO’s efforts towards Health for All.


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ABOUT WHO CC NETWORKS

> Collaborating Centres (60)

> GOs

Network

Support the WHO-HQ Ethics and Health Unit to implement its mandated work in the field of ethics and health

Network

The Global Network of CCs in Occupational Health

Global Network of WHO CCs for Bioethics

Supports WHO in implementing the objectives of the Global Master Plan of Action on Workers' Health 2012 – 2017


(5)Currently designating 2 more


WHR 2013 presents 12 case studies to illustrate:

the range of methods from observational studies to randomized controlled trials

the diversity of problems for which research can offer solutions

the nature of the research cycle (questions, answers, more questions)

the relationship between study design and strength of inference

the link between research, policy and practice

How research contributes to universal health coverage


The World Health Report 2013Key messages


Thank you

Q & A

1 |1 | first meeting of who collaborating centers in iran first meeting of who collaborating centers...

Documents

setting research priorities

research priority setting

collaborative research

actual research

results of research

world health assembly

field of health

public health emergencies