06.07.2000 slide 1 wolfram höpken rmsig reference model special interest group second rmsig...
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06.07.2000 Slide 1Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Second RMSIG Workshop
Methodology and Process
Wolfram Höpken
06.07.2000 Slide 2Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Workshop Objective
• first workshop– present and discuss basic methodology and process of
the RMSIG => white paper, elaborate prototype
• second workshop– discuss and agree upon methodology and process
• discuss white paper• evaluate prototype
• third and forth workshop– elaborate reference model
• fifth workshop:– agree upon first release of reference model
06.07.2000 Slide 3Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Agenda
• white paper of the RMSIG
• UML – Unified Modeling Language
• reference model prototype
• domain analysis – questionnaire
• Tourtags.org
• process of the RMSIG and next activities
• conclusion
06.07.2000 Slide 4Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Agenda
• white paper of the RMSIG
• UML – Unified Modeling Language
• reference model prototype
• domain analysis – questionnaire
• Tourtags.org
• process of the RMSIG and next activities
• conclusion
06.07.2000 Slide 5Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Motivation
• drawbacks of current standardization initiatives– lack of flexibility and extendibility
• fix standards are hard to maintain
• no possibility for suppliers to differentiate their offer
– lack of expressiveness• description languages (e.g. XML) can not express all
information, necessary for interoperability
• lack of semantic information (e.g. relationships), process information, constraints,...
06.07.2000 Slide 6Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Methodology
• framework for modeling electronic tourism markets– uniform language with standardized building
blocks as vocabulary for describing electronic tourism markets
– conceptual, abstract modeling of tourism markets
– modeling based on the Unified Modeling Language (UML)
06.07.2000 Slide 7Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Modeling Levels
UML model
XML model Distributed object model
06.07.2000 Slide 8Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
XML Perspective
XMI documents
XML DTDs
UML DTDs
Meta level
XML documentsData level
UML model
06.07.2000 Slide 9Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Distributed Object Perspective
UML model (concept) UML model (BOI)
XMI documents
XML DTDs
XML documents
Meta level
Data level BOs
IDL descriptions
XMI documents
06.07.2000 Slide 10Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Modeling Language
• tourism specific modeling language based on the UML– extends the UML by domain specific concepts
and mechanisms• composition mechanism• market interface descriptions
– provides building blocks as specific modeling elements
– enables the flexible description of specific models
06.07.2000 Slide 11Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Modeling Language (2)
UMLUML
Domain modelDomain model
Common meta level
concrete level
06.07.2000 Slide 12Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Modeling Language (2)
UMLUML
Domain modelDomain model
Common meta level
concrete level
Tourism modeling languageTourism modeling language Domain specific meta level
06.07.2000 Slide 13Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Building Blocks
• building blocks as specific modeling elements
• building blocks are provided on different levels of granularity– elementary building blocks (date, location,...)– tourism services (flight, hotel,...)– process building blocks (searching, booking,...)
06.07.2000 Slide 14Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Building Blocks
Process layer
Entity layer
Base layer
Name
Category
Room
Hotel Time
Route
Class
Flight Name
Address
Age
Customer
Criteria
Customer
ResultList
Searching Service
Customer
Date
Booking
StartLocation
EndLocation
RouteDate
Time
FacilitiesLocation
Address
Name
06.07.2000 Slide 15Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Building Concrete Models
• concrete models with specific entities are described or modelled by the UML-based tourism modeling language
• the provided building blocks can be used as basic modeling elements– composition: describe a specific entity as a
composition of building blocks– inheritance: describe a specific entity as a
refinement of a building block
06.07.2000 Slide 16Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Specific model
Reference model
Building Concrete Models (2)
Name
Category
Room
Hotel
CureServices
Name
Category
Room
CureHotel
derive
Category
Room
Time
MoonFlight
compose
MealPlan
Time
Route
Class
compose
XYFlight
Time
Class
Room
Name
Route
Category
CureServices
MealPlan
06.07.2000 Slide 17Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Interoperability
Supplier Customer
Reference model
2
lookup3
MealPlan
Time
Route
Class
XYFlight
MealPlan
Time Route
Class
1MealPlan
Time Route
Class
5 MealPlan
Time Route
Class
4
MealPlan
Time
Route
Class
XYFlight
06.07.2000 Slide 18Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Advantages
• flexibility and adaptability for suppliers• flexibility for change• low entrance barriers to electronic markets for
suppliers (SMEs)• easy access of customers to a wide range of
services• separation of semantic aspects and technical
aspects• interoperability is supported on all possible
communication levels
06.07.2000 Slide 19Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Agenda
• white paper of the RMSIG
• UML – Unified Modeling Language
• reference model prototype
• domain analysis – questionnaire
• Tourtags.org
• process of the RMSIG and next activities
• conclusion
06.07.2000 Slide 20Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Agenda
• white paper of the RMSIG
• UML – Unified Modeling Language
• reference model prototype
• domain analysis – questionnaire
• Tourtags.org
• process of the RMSIG and next activities
• conclusion
06.07.2000 Slide 21Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
UML – Unified Modeling Language
• graphical language for describing and visualizing models of systems
• UML 1.3 adopted as standard by the OMG• enables the modeling of
– static structure of a system• entities, their internal structure• relationships between entities
– behavior of a system• interactions between entities (scenarios)• state sequences, activity sequences
06.07.2000 Slide 22Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
UML Elements
• class diagram– classes
• name, attributes, operations
– relationships• association
• aggregation
• generalization
06.07.2000 Slide 25Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Agenda
• white paper of the RMSIG
• UML – Unified Modeling Language
• reference model prototype
• domain analysis – questionnaire
• Tourtags.org
• process of the RMSIG and next activities
• conclusion
06.07.2000 Slide 26Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Agenda
• white paper of the RMSIG
• UML – Unified Modeling Language
• reference model prototype
• domain analysis – questionnaire
• Tourtags.org
• process of the RMSIG and next activities
• conclusion
06.07.2000 Slide 27Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Reference Model Prototype
• objective: demonstrate and evaluate methodology of the reference model
• prototype focusses on– metalevel (tourism modeling language)
• tourism services• market processes and components
– building blocks• tourism services accommodation and hotel• search process
• reference model documentation– schematic model description
(packages, diagrams, classes, attributes, associations)
06.07.2000 Slide 28Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Reference Model Architecture
Building blocks
Metaclasses
Process layer
Entity layer
Base layer
Information processes
Booking processes
Commonentities
Servicecomponent
s
Elementarytourism services
Composition services
Base classes
Data maintenanc
e
Session manageme
nt
Lookup service
Common types
Common entities
Tourism services
Roles and
views
Processes
06.07.2000 Slide 29Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Reference model metalevel
• purpose– extends the UML (UML meta model)– adds tourism specific modeling elements– builds a tourism specific modeling language
• metaclasses vs. building blocks– metaclasses are part of the modeling language– building blocks are common components for concrete
models (instances of metaclasses)
MetaclassesCommon
typesCommon entities
Tourism
services
Roles and
views
Processes
06.07.2000 Slide 30Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Reference model metalevel
• common types: tourism specific types(e.g. room type, bed type, ...)
• common entities: metaclasses, which are used in different packages of the metamodel
• tourism services: metaclasses, providing concepts for constructing tourism services
• roles and views: metaclasses, providing concepts for views on entities and participant roles
• processes: metaclasses for describing market processes and interfaces
MetaclassesCommon
typesCommon entities
Tourism
services
Roles and
views
Processes
06.07.2000 Slide 31Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Building Blocks
– common modeling components for reuse
– support the construction of concrete models on different levels of granularity
Building blocks
Process layer
Entity layer
Base layer
Information processes
Booking processes
Commonentities
Servicecomponent
s
Elementary
tourism services
Composition services
Base classes
Data maintenanc
e
Session manageme
nt
Lookup service
06.07.2000 Slide 32Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Tourism Services
Building blocks
Metaclasses
Process layer
Entity layer
Base layer
Information processes
Booking processes
Commonentities
Servicecomponent
s
Elementary
tourism services
Composition services
Base classes
Data maintenanc
e
Session manageme
nt
Lookup service
Common types
Common entities
Tourism
services
Roles and
views
Processes
06.07.2000 Slide 33Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Tourism Services
• mechanism for the flexible construction of tourism services (composition mechanism)– complex services as composition of elementary
services (e.g. package tour as composition of flight and hotel)
– elementary services as composition of service components (e.g. hotel as composition of room and meal plan)
– composition consists of• components (elementary components or compositions)
• attributes (selection criteria)
• constraints
06.07.2000 Slide 34Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Tourism Service Metaclasses
06.07.2000 Slide 35Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Example Tourism Service Hotel
06.07.2000 Slide 36Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Example Tourism Service Train
06.07.2000 Slide 37Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Tourism Service Accommodation
06.07.2000 Slide 38Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Tourism Service Hotel
06.07.2000 Slide 39Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Market Processes and Components
Building blocks
Metaclasses
Process layer
Entity layer
Base layer
Information processes
Booking processes
Commonentities
Servicecomponent
s
Elementary
tourism services
Composition services
Base classes
Data maintenanc
e
Session manageme
nt
Lookup service
Common types
Common entities
Tourism
services
Roles and
views
Processes
06.07.2000 Slide 40Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Market Processes and Components• market components provide a set
of services or processes
• interfaces of market components are described by the available processes and their input and output
• lookup service provides market interface descriptions to other market participants
06.07.2000 Slide 42Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Search Process Building Blocks
06.07.2000 Slide 44Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Interoperability
• tourism specific modeling language– metaclasses (concepts and mechanisms)
• composition mechanism• market processes and interfaces
– common types (e.g. room type, bed type,...)– common building blocks (room, meal plan, hotel,
accommodation, search process)
• specific models can be understood because the participants know– the used types and building blocks– the way they are put together to a market component
model
06.07.2000 Slide 45Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Agenda
• white paper of the RMSIG
• UML – Unified Modeling Language
• reference model prototype
• domain analysis – questionnaire
• Tourtags.org
• process of the RMSIG and next activities
• conclusion
06.07.2000 Slide 46Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Agenda
• white paper of the RMSIG
• UML – Unified Modeling Language
• reference model prototype
• domain analysis – questionnaire
• Tourtags.org
• process of the RMSIG and next activities
• conclusion
06.07.2000 Slide 47Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Agenda
• white paper of the RMSIG
• UML – Unified Modeling Language
• reference model prototype
• domain analysis – questionnaire
• Tourtags.org
• process of the RMSIG and next activities
• conclusion
06.07.2000 Slide 48Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Agenda
• white paper of the RMSIG
• UML – Unified Modeling Language
• reference model prototype
• domain analysis – questionnaire
• Tourtags.org
• process of the RMSIG and next activities
• conclusion
06.07.2000 Slide 49Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Process of the RMSIG
• domain analysis (questionnaire)
• specify tourism modeling language(reference model metalevel)third workshop
• specify common building blocksforth workshop
• commit reference modelfifth workshop
06.07.2000 Slide 50Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Milestones and Deliverables
07/2000 Initial methodological frameworkCommitted initial version of the methodological framework for harmonizing electronic tourism markets
10/2000 Initial specification of electronic tourism marketsCommitted initial specification of electronic tourism markets
12/2000 Committed methodology and specificationCommitted final version of the harmonization methodology and the specification of electronic tourism markets
02/2001 Reference model of an electronic tourism market –Version 1.0First committed version of the reference model
06.07.2000 Slide 51Wolfram Höpken RMSIGRMSIGReference Model Special Interest Group
Next Activities
• third workshop– objective
• specify tourism modeling language• evaluate metalevel by prototype
– date: end of August
• next activities– domain analysis (questionnaire)– identify and specify modeling language
elements (metaclasses)– extend prototype