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THE INTERNATIONAL

MARITIME ORGANIZATION

(IMO)

SAFE, SECURE AND EFFICIENT SHIPPING ON CLEAN OCEANS

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The purpose of the IMO

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is a fomalintergovernmental organization (IGO) that is a subsidiary

 body of the United Nations (UN)

•The purposes of the IMO are summarized ell by !rti"le

#(a) of the IMO $onvention%

“To provide machinery for cooperation among

Governments in the field of governmental regulation and

 practices relating to technical matters of all kinds affecting

shipping engaged in international trade; to encourage and

 facilitate the general adoption of the highest practicable

standards in matters concerning maritime safety, efficiency

of navigation and prevention and control of marine

 pollution from ships”.

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r!ef h!stor"

Pre#IMO !$ter$%t!o$%& '%r!t!'e o$e$t!o$s

• IMO e$tere* !$to fore+ -./

• E0!st!$1 o$e$t!o$s+

 &  I$ter$%t!o$%& Co$e$t!o$ for S%fet" of L!fe %t Se% (SOLAS 2 -3/)

 &  I$ter$%t!o$%& Co$e$t!o$ for the Pree$t!o$ of Po&&ut!o$ of the Se% 4"

O!& (-.3) &  Other %re%s+ Lo%* &!$es, o&&!s!o$ pree$t!o$

IMO respo$s!4!&!t!es+

• E$sure e0!st!$1 o$e$t!o$s '%!$t%!$e* %$* up*%te*

• Dee&op'e$t of $e5 o$e$t!o$s

Curre$t o$e$t!o$s+

• 6- e$tere* !$to fore

• Rou1h&" .7 tot%& o$e$t!o$s, %1ree'e$ts, protoo&s

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IMO StrutureIMO !''M*+

• ,ighest Governing ody of the Organization• $onsists of all Member 'tates (#-. full members)

• Meets on"e every to years in regular sessions

IMO $OUN$I*

•/e"utive body of IMO (ele"ted by !ssembly every 0 years)

1 "ategory2level "oun"il

$ategory (!)% #. 'tates ith the largest interest in providing international

shipping servi"es

$ategory ()% #. other 'tates ith the largest interest in international seaborne

trade$ategory ($)% 0. 'tates not ele"ted under (a) or (b) above hi"h have spe"ial

interests in maritime transport or navigation3 and hose ele"tion to the

$oun"il ill ensure the representation of all ma4or geographi" areas of the

orld

IMO $OMMITT'

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IMO Cou$!& 'e'4ers (673#67.) 

C%te1or" (%)+ 7 St%tes 5!th the &%r1est !$terest !$

pro!*!$1 !$ter$%t!o$%& sh!pp!$1 ser!es+

Ch!$% P%$%'%

Greee Repu4&! of 8ore%

It%&" Russ!%

9%p%$ U$!te* 8!$1*o'

Nor5%" U$!te* St%tes

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IMO Co$e$t!o$s # E$tr" !$to Fore

• 'e"retary General sends "opies to !** states

• 'ignatory states must ratify or domesti"ally a""ept treatyfor offi"ial state a""eptan"e

• On"e a "onventions enters into for"e it is binding on all

signatory states

ntry into for"e pro"ess% IMO member states sign "onvention

'ignatory states formally a""ept treaty through domesti"

 politi"al pro"esses

5e6uisite number of states and2or tonnage be"ome ratified

members

$onvention no binding on all ratified members

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E%h o$e$t!o$ !$&u*es pro!s!o$s st!pu&%t!$1 o$*!t!o$s5h!h h%e to 4e 'et 4efore !t e$ters !$to fore

• Co$*!t!o$s %r" 4ut o$ %er%1e+ More !'port%$t or o'p&e0 the

*ou'e$t : More str!$1e$t o$*!t!o$s for e$tr" !$to fore

E0%'p&es

I$ter$%t!o$%& Co$e$t!o$ for the S%fet" of L!fe %t Se% (SOLAS 2 -;3)

• E$tr" !$to fore re

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I'port%$t teh$!%& o$e$t!o$s+ Ge$er%&&" $eess%r" tore

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E$fore'e$t of IMO Co$e$t!o$s

• Depe$*s upo$ the Goer$'e$ts of Me'4er St%tes

• IMO !tse&f h%s NO po5er to e$fore o$e$t!o$s or

%1ree'e$ts

• Co$tr%t!$1 Goer$'e$ts e$fore the pro!s!o$s ofIMO o$e$t!o$s %s f%r %s the!r o5$ sh!ps %re

o$er$e* (F&%11e* esse&s)

 &  Set pe$%&t!es for !$fr!$1e'e$ts 5here %pp&!%4&e &  M%" %&so h%e &!'!te* po5ers !$ respet to sh!ps of other

St%tes

• I$ so'e o$e$t!o$s, ert!f!%tes %re re

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Port St%te Co$tro& (PSC)Port St%te Co$tro& !s %$ !'port%$t o'po$e$t of IMO

e$fore'e$t proe*ures

PSC+ I$spet!o$ of fore!1$ sh!ps !$ $%t!o$%& ports to er!f"th%t the o$*!t!o$ of the sh!p %$* !ts e

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E0per!e$e h%s sho5$ th%t Port St%te Co$tro& %$ 4ee0tre'e&" effet!e 5he$ or1%$!e* o$ % re1!o$%& 4%s!s

• A sh!p 1o!$1 to % port !$ o$e ou$tr" 5!&& $or'%&&" !s!tother ou$tr!es !$ the re1!o$ 4efore e'4%r@!$1 o$ !tsretur$ o"%1e %$* !t !s to eer"4o*">s %*%$t%1e !f!$spet!o$s %$ 4e &ose&" oor*!$%te*

• E$sures th%t %s '%$" sh!ps %s poss!4&e %re !$spete*4ut %t the s%'e t!'e pree$ts sh!ps 4e!$1 *e&%"e* 4"u$$eess%r" !$spet!o$s

• Pr!'%r" respo$s!4!&!t" for sh!ps> st%$*%r*s rests 5!ththe F&%1 St%te # 4ut Port St%te o$tro& pro!*es %s%fet" $et to %th su4st%$*%r* sh!ps

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E0%'p&es of E$fore'e$tThe -;3 SOLAS Co$e$t!o$7The offi"er "arrying out the "ontrol shall ta8e su"h steps as ill ensure that the ship shall not

sail until it "an pro"eed to sea ithout danger to the passengers or the "re9 if : 7thereare "lear grounds for believing that the "ondition of the ship and its e6uipment does not"orrespond substantially ith the parti"ulars of that "ertifi"ate9

• !n inspe"tion of this nature ta8es pla"e ithin 4urisdi"tion of the PortSt%te

• In international aters% 5esponsibility for imposing penalties rests iththe F&%1 St%te

• Offenses ithin the 4urisdi"tion of another 'tate%

 &  Initiate pro"eedings ta8en in a""ordan"e ith its on la (Port St%te)

 &  Give details of the offense to the F&%1 St%te for appropriate a"tion

/ample% $onvention 5elating to Intervention on the ,igh 'eas (#;

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To!ards "#$ enforcement authority% The IMO h%s 4ee$ 1!e$ the %uthor!t" to oersee the

training, eamination and certification procedures ofCo$tr%t!$1 P%rt!es to the I$ter$%t!o$%& Co$e$t!o$ o$

St%$*%r*s of Tr%!$!$1, Cert!f!%t!o$ %$* %th@eep!$1

for Se%f%rers (STC 2 -;/)

 & Goer$'e$ts 'ust pro!*e re&e%$t !$for'%t!o$ tothe IMO M%r!t!'e S%fet" Co''!ttee 5h!h 5!&&

 u*1e 5hether or $ot the ou$tr" o$er$e* 'eets

the re

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*ist of IMO $onventions

Most !'port%$t IMO Co$e$t!o$s

•International $onvention for the 'afety of *ife at 'ea

('O*!')3 #;-=

•International $onvention for the >revention of >ollutionfrom 'hips3 #;-13 as modified by the >roto"ol of #;-?

relating thereto and by the >roto"ol of #;;- (M!5>O*)

•International $onvention on 'tandards of Training3$ertifi"ation and @at"h8eeping for 'eafarers ('T$@) as

amended3 in"luding the #;;A and 0.#. Manila !mendments

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Co$e$t!o$s o$ '%r!t!'e s%fet" %$* seur!t" %$* sh!pport !$terf%e

•$onvention on the International 5egulations for >reventing $ollisions at 'ea

($O*5G)3 #;-0

•$onvention on Ba"ilitation of International Maritime Traffi" (B!*)3 #;ersonnel ('T$@DB)3 #;;A

•'pe"ial Trade >assenger 'hips !greement ('T>)3 #;-# and >roto"ol on

'pa"e 5e6uirements for 'pe"ial Trade >assenger 'hips3 #;-1

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Co$e$t!o$s re&%t!$1 to pree$t!o$ of '%r!$e po&&ut!o$

•International $onvention 5elating to Intervention on the ,igh 'eas in $ases

of Oil >ollution $asualties (INT5CNTION)3 #;revention of Marine >ollution by Eumping of @astes and

Other Matter (*$)3 #;-0 (and the #;;< *ondon >roto"ol)

•International $onvention on Oil >ollution >reparedness3 5esponse and $oD

operation (O>5$)3 #;;.

•>roto"ol on >reparedness3 5esponse and $oDoperation to pollution In"idents

 by ,azardous and No/ious 'ubstan"es3 0... (O>5$D,N' >roto"ol)

•International $onvention on the $ontrol of ,armful !ntiDfouling 'ystems on

'hips (!B')3 0..#

•International $onvention for the $ontrol and Management of 'hipsF allast

@ater and 'ediments3 0..=

•The ,ong ong International $onvention for the 'afe and nvironmentally'ound 5e"y"ling of 'hips3 0..;

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Co$e$t!o$s oer!$1 &!%4!&!t" %$* o'pe$s%t!o$

•International $onvention on $ivil *iability for Oil >ollution Eamage ($*$)3

#;roto"ol D International $onvention on the stablishment of an

International Bund for $ompensation for Oil Eamage (BUNE #;;0)

•$onvention relating to $ivil *iability in the Bield of Maritime $arriage of

 Nu"lear Material (NU$*!5)3 #;-#

•!thens $onvention relating to the $arriage of >assengers and their *uggage

 by 'ea (>!*)3 #;-=

•$onvention on *imitation of *iability for Maritime $laims (**M$)3 #;-<

•International $onvention on *iability and $ompensation for Eamage in

$onne"tion ith the $arriage of ,azardous and No/ious 'ubstan"es by 'ea

(,N')3 #;;< (and its 0.#. >roto"ol)

•International $onvention on $ivil *iability for un8er Oil >ollution3 0..#• Nairobi International $onvention on the 5emoval of @re"8s3 0..-

Other su4ets

•International $onvention on Tonnage Measurement of 'hips (TONN!G)3

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