05-owa200004 wcdma radio resource management
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OWA200004 OWA200004 WCDMA Radio Resource WCDMA Radio Resource
Management (RRM)Management (RRM)
ISSUE 1.0ISSUE 1.0
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Chapter 1 Introduction to RRMChapter 1 Introduction to RRM
Chapter 2 Channel ConfigurationChapter 2 Channel Configuration
Chapter 3 Power ControlChapter 3 Power Control
Chapter 4 Mobility ManagementChapter 4 Mobility Management
Chapter 5 AMR Mode ControlChapter 5 AMR Mode Control
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Introduction to RRM
ll RRM: Radio Resource ManagementRRM: Radio Resource Management
ll RRM is responsible for supplying optimum coverage, offering RRM is responsible for supplying optimum coverage, offering the maximum planned capacity, guaranteeing the required the maximum planned capacity, guaranteeing the required quality of service (QoS) and ensuring efficient use of physicalquality of service (QoS) and ensuring efficient use of physicaland transport resourcesand transport resources
ll Power is the ultimate radio resource. The best way to utilize Power is the ultimate radio resource. The best way to utilize the radio resource is to control the power consumption strictlythe radio resource is to control the power consumption strictly
[[ Increasing the transmission power of a given user can Increasing the transmission power of a given user can improve his QoSimprove his QoS
[[However, due to the selfHowever, due to the self--interference, the increasing power interference, the increasing power would result in more interference on other users and would result in more interference on other users and consequently reduce the receiving QoSconsequently reduce the receiving QoS
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Procedure of RRM
ll Fundamental procedure of radio resource managementFundamental procedure of radio resource management
[[Measurement controlMeasurement control
[[measurementmeasurement
−− UE, NodeB, RNCUE, NodeB, RNC
[[Measurement reportMeasurement report
[[ JudgmentJudgment
[[ Implementation Implementation
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Chapter 1 Introduction to RRMChapter 1 Introduction to RRM
Chapter 2 Channel ConfigurationChapter 2 Channel Configuration
Chapter 3 Power ControlChapter 3 Power Control
Chapter 4 Mobility ManagementChapter 4 Mobility Management
Chapter 5 AMR Mode controlChapter 5 AMR Mode control
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Chapter 2 Channel ConfigurationChapter 2 Channel Configuration
2.1 Fundamental channel configuration2.1 Fundamental channel configuration
2.2 Dynamic channel configuration2.2 Dynamic channel configuration
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Fundamental Channel ConfigurationFundamental Channel Configurationll Objective: mapping the RAB QoS features requested onto distributObjective: mapping the RAB QoS features requested onto distribute e
appropriate channelappropriate channel
ll QoS requested by CNQoS requested by CN
[[Traffic ClassesTraffic Classes
−− ConversationalConversational
−− StreamingStreaming
−− InteractiveInteractive
−− BackgroundBackground
[[Rate demandRate demand
[[Quality demand (BLER)Quality demand (BLER)
[[Time delayTime delay
[[Delivery orderDelivery order
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QoS MappingQoS Mapping
DPDCH DPCCH
RAB
RB RB
DTCH DTCH DCCH
TrCHTrCH TrCH
CCTrCH
RLC entity
Mac-d Mac-c
Coding& RM&Mux
Radio Bearers
RLC Sublayer
Logical Channels
MAC Sublayer
Transport Channels
Physical Layer
DTCH
...
Coding& RM&Mux
TrCH
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RB and RLC Parameter Configurationll RB parametersRB parameters
[[RB numberRB number
ll RLC parametersRLC parameters
[[Different RLC transfer modesDifferent RLC transfer modes
−− transparent mode (TM)transparent mode (TM)
−− Unacknowledged mode (UM)Unacknowledged mode (UM)
−− Acknowledged mode (AM)Acknowledged mode (AM)
[[Different logic channel parametersDifferent logic channel parameters
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MAC Parameter Configuration
ll MAC parametersMAC parameters
[[The mapping/multiplexing relation between logic channel The mapping/multiplexing relation between logic channel and transport channeland transport channel
[[Different types and parameters of transport channelDifferent types and parameters of transport channel
−− Dedicated channelDedicated channel
−− Common channelCommon channel
[[Different configurations of MAC entityDifferent configurations of MAC entity
−− MACMAC--d/MACd/MAC--cc
[[Priority configuration of MAC sub layerPriority configuration of MAC sub layer
[[TFCS configurationTFCS configuration
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PHY Parameter Configurationll PHY parametersPHY parameters
[[Mapping relation from transport channel to physical channelMapping relation from transport channel to physical channel
[[Channel Coding schemeChannel Coding scheme
−− Convolutional codeConvolutional code
−− Turbo codeTurbo code
−− NonNon
[[ Interleaving lengthInterleaving length
[[Rate matching attribute Rate matching attribute
[[Spreading factor (SF)Spreading factor (SF)
[[Power offsetPower offset
[[Other physical channel parameters, such as diversity mode, etc.Other physical channel parameters, such as diversity mode, etc.
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Chapter 2 Channel ConfigurationChapter 2 Channel Configuration
2.1 Fundamental channel configuration2.1 Fundamental channel configuration
2.2 Dynamic channel configuration2.2 Dynamic channel configuration
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DCCC: Dynamic Channel Configuration ControlDCCC: Dynamic Channel Configuration Control
ll Object of DCCC: Best Effort (BE) serviceObject of DCCC: Best Effort (BE) service
ll Features of BE serviceFeatures of BE service
[[ rate of service source changes largelyrate of service source changes largely
[[Less demand on time delayLess demand on time delay
[[More demand on bit error rateMore demand on bit error rate
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Dynamic Channel ConfigurationDynamic Channel Configuration
MAC-d
DL Transport Channel Traffic Volume
Threshold
Configuration in L2
RLC
Signaling bearer
DCH1
RLC
TFC SelectTFC Select
DCH2
Channel SwitchingChannel Switching
DCCH DTCH
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Decision of DCCC
ll Decision of DCCCDecision of DCCC
[[Measurement report on traffic volume of RLC BufferMeasurement report on traffic volume of RLC Buffer
[[Decide whether to change the bandwidth used by UE Decide whether to change the bandwidth used by UE dynamically based on the measurement resultdynamically based on the measurement result
[[Consider whether there is limitation on air interface during theConsider whether there is limitation on air interface during thedecision of reconfigurationdecision of reconfiguration
The uplink & downlink DCCC decisions are the same, but are executed respectively.
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Effect of DCCC
System capacity
Traditional channel configuration
Rate of service source
DCCC
Achieve “bandwidth on demand”
Time
rate
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Chapter 1 Introduction to RRMChapter 1 Introduction to RRM
Chapter 2 Channel ConfigurationChapter 2 Channel Configuration
Chapter 3 Power ControlChapter 3 Power Control
Chapter 4 Mobility ManagementChapter 4 Mobility Management
Chapter 5 AMR Mode controlChapter 5 AMR Mode control
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Near-far effect in CDMANear-far effect in CDMA
A B
ω
P(ω)
ω
P(ω)
ω
P(ω)
ω
P(ω)
Received power from user A
ω
P(ω)
Despreading
Transmission power of user A
Received power by NodeB
The user A can communicate successfully
Received power from user B
Transmission power of user A
The user B is submerged because of strong interference
from user A
user A
user B
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Classification of Power Control
l Power Control[Uplink power control
− Open loop power control− Closed loop power control
▪ Inner loop power control▪ Outer loop power control
[Downlink power control− Open loop power control− Closed loop power control
▪ Inner loop power control▪ Outer loop power control
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Open Loop Power Control for DPCH
l Accurately calculate initial transmitting power of inner loop needed to lessen the time of convergence
l Reduce the impact on system load
Convergence of inner loop power control
time
power
time
power
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NodeB UERACH
BCH: CPICH channel powerUL interference level
Open Loop Power Control for PRACH
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Uplink Closed Loop Power ControlUplink Closed Loop Power Control
NodeB UE
Transmit TPC
Measure&compare SIR of received signal
Inner loop
Set SIRtar
1500Hz
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BLER--SIR
SIR
BLER
Different curves correspond with different multi-path environment
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Uplink Closed Loop Power ControlUplink Closed Loop Power Control
NodeB UE
Transmit TPC
Measure&compare SIR of received signal
Inner loop
Set SIRtar
Traffic data with steady BLER can be acquired
Measure BLER of transport channel
Outer loop
RNC
Measure&compare BLER of received data
Set BLERtar
10-100Hz
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Downlink Power Control
NodeB
Set SIRtar
Transmit TPC
Measure and compare SIR
Measure and compare BLER
Outer loop
Inner loop UE physical layer
UE Layer 3
Downlink inner loop and outer loop power control
10-100Hz1500Hz
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Chapter 1 Introduction to RRMChapter 1 Introduction to RRM
Chapter 2 Channel ConfigurationChapter 2 Channel Configuration
Chapter 3 Power ControlChapter 3 Power Control
Chapter 4 Mobility ManagementChapter 4 Mobility Management
Chapter 5 AMR Mode controlChapter 5 AMR Mode control
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UE Working Modes and states
l Idle mode
l Connected mode
[Cell_DCH
[Cell_FACH
[Cell_PCH
[URA_PCH
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UE Working Modes and statesl Idle Mode[ The UE has no relation to UTRAN, only to CN. For data transfer, a signalling
connection has to be established
[UE camps on a cell− It enables the UE to receive system information from the PLMN− UE can establish an RRC connection, it can do this by initially accessing the
network on the common channel of the cell on which it is camped− UE can receive "paging" message from PCH
[The idle mode tasks can be subdivided into three processes− PLMN selection and reselection− Cell selection and reselection− Location area registration
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UE Working Modes and states
l Connected Mode – Cell_DCH
[ In active state
[Communicating via its dedicated channels
[UTRAN knows the cell in which UE is located.
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UE Working Modes and states
l Connected Mode – Cell_FACH
[ In active state
[Few data to be transmitted both in uplink and in downlink. There is no need to allocate dedicated channel for this UE
[Downlink uses FACH and uplink uses RACH
[UE needs to monitor the FACH for its relative information
[UTRAN knows the cell in which UE is located
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UE Working Modes and states
l Connected Mode – Cell_PCH
[No data to be transmitted or received
[DRX (discontinuous reception) monitor PICH, to receive its paging
[ lower the power consumption of UE
[UTRAN knows the cell in which UE is located
[UTRAN has to update cell information of UE when UE roams to another cell
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UE Working Modes and states
l Connected Mode – URA_PCH
[No data to be transmitted or received
[DRX monitor PICH
[UTRAN only knows the URA in which UE is located
[UTRAN updates UE information only after UE has roamed to other URA (UE report own new URA by URA update procedure)
[A better way to lower the resource occupancy
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UE states switching
CELL_DCH CELL_FACH
CELL_PCHURA_PCH
IDLE
DEAD - Scanning networks (PLMN)- ”Camp on” cell
- Monitor paging channel- cell re-selection
- Dedicated Channel- Radio bearers Transmission Services - upper layer Signaling
trigger (CN)
- Reduce action,DRX,and save power
RRC connection
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UE move
Target BSSource BS
time
Data UE received/
sent
“GAP” of communication
Hard handoverHard handover
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Soft Handover
UE move
Target BSSource BS
time
Data UE received
/ sentNo “GAP” of communication
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The Basic Concept of SHO
l Active Set
[ Including all cells currently participating in a SHO connection of a UE
l Monitored Set
[ Including all cells being continuously monitored by the UE and which are not current included in its active set
l Detected set
[ Including the cells the UE has detected but are neither in the active set nor in the monitored set
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Three Steps of Handover
Decision
Implementation
Measurement
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Application of Hard Handover in 3G
l Intra-frequency hard handover
[When inter-RNC SHO can’t be executed or is not allowed
l Inter-frequency hard handover
[Needed in certain areas due to network planning
[Load balance between frequencies
l Inter-RAT handover
[2G-3G smooth evolution
[The finite coverage range of initial phase of 3G
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Compressed Mode
Objective of compressed mode: for UE to realize measurement and synchronization to target cell when inter-frequency handover and inter-system handover is required
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Classification of Compressed Mode
l Downlink compressed mode
[To create time for UE’s measurement and synchronization.
[2 optional schemes -- SF/2,higher layer scheduling
l Uplink compressed mode
[To avoid the interference on its own downlink measurement and synchronization when UE is measuring certain target frequency or RAT
[2 optional schemes -- SF/2, higher layer scheduling
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SRNC Relocation
l Advantage of SRNC relocation
[Reducing data flow on Iur interface
[ Improving the system’s adaptability.
[Reducing the time delay
l Problem of SRNC Relocation: a large amount of signaling is needed to interact.
CN
SRNC DRNC
CN
RNC SRNC
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Chapter 1 Introduction to RRMChapter 1 Introduction to RRM
Chapter 2 Channel ConfigurationChapter 2 Channel Configuration
Chapter 3 Power ControlChapter 3 Power Control
Chapter 4 Mobility ManagementChapter 4 Mobility Management
Chapter 5 AMR Mode ControlChapter 5 AMR Mode Control
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AMR CodingAMR Codingl WCDMA system uses Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) speech
code, which is linear prediction coding
Rate no.
Sub-flow 1 block size(bit)
Sub-flow 2 block size(bit)
Sub-flow 3 block size(bit)
Combination block size(bit)
rate(kbps)
0 0 0 0 0 No data 1 39 0 0 39 SID 2 42 53 0 95 4.75 3 49 54 0 103 5.15 4 55 63 0 118 5.9 5 58 76 0 134 6.7 6 61 87 0 148 7.4 7 75 84 0 159 7.95 8 65 99 40 204 10.2 9 81 103 60 244 12.2
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Features of AMR speech: MOS-CIR
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AMR Mode Control
l AMR mode control is to weigh the load level, and:
[Reduce AMR speech rate on heavy load condition, thus reduce the system load and improve speech quality relatively
[ Increase AMR speech rate on light load condition, thus improve QoS
l Reducing of AMR speech rate can widen the uplink coverage effectively
l The AMR speech mode control can be done in every 20ms