04 nonverbal.pp tnonverbalmessages-souza
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Understanding Understanding Nonverbal Nonverbal MessagesMessages
Understanding Understanding Nonverbal Nonverbal MessagesMessages
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Preview
• Why Focus on Nonverbal Communication?
• The Nature of Nonverbal Communication• Codes of Nonverbal Communication• How to interpret Nonverbal Cues More
Accurately
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Nonverbal Communication
Defined• Communication
other than written or spoken language that creates meaning for someone– Sign language is
one exception to this definition
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Why focus on Nonverbal
Communication?• Nonverbal messages communicate
feelings and attitudes– Most significant source of emotional
information is the face (Albert Mehrabian)
– Vocal cues– Approximately 93% of emotional
meaning is communicated nonverbally.
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Why focus on nonverbal
communication?• Nonverbal messages are
critical to successful relationships
• Nonverbal messages serve various functions for verbal messages:
» Substitute» Complement» Contradict» Repeat» Regulate» Accent
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The Nature of Nonverbal
Communication• Culture-Bound• Rule-governed• Ambiguous
– Perception checking
• Continuous• Non-linguistic• Multi-channeled
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Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Appearance– artifacts
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Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Body movement, Gestures, and Posture– Kinesics refers to the
study of human movements, gestures, and postures
• Emblems• Illustrators• Affect displays• Regulators• adaptors
(People En Espaňol Magazine, Aug 2004, pg 20)
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Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Kinesics Research– Quasi-courtship behavior –
nonverbal actions we consciously and unconsciously exhibit when we are attracted to someone:• Courtship readiness• Preening• Positional cues• Appeals to invitation
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Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Eye contact• Facial expressions• Touch (haptics)
– Touch ethic
• The Voice– Paralanguage or vocalics– Back-channel cues– Response latencies
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Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Environment, Space, and Territory– Physical environment– Space (proxemics)
• Intimate space• Personal space• Social space• Public space
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Edwin T. Hall’s Zones of Space
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Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Territory– Territoriality– Territorial markers
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How to Interpret Nonverbal Cues
• Immediacy Immediacy Cues
Proximity:……………………………. Close, forward leanBody Orientation:……………… Direct, could be side-by-sideEye Contact:……………………….. Eye contact & mutual eye
contactFacial Expression:…………….. SmilingGestures:……………………………. Head nods, movementPosture:………………………………. Open, relaxed, arms
oriented toward othersTouch:………………………………….. Cultural-and-context
appropriateVoice:…………………………………… Higher pitch, upward pitch
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How to Interpret Nonverbal Cues
• Immediacy– Arousal– Dominance
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What questions do
you have?
•Homework:–Reading?–Turn in assignment?