04 hanse-efpp wageningen - okt 2012 for web site/friday... · 2015. 6. 4. · 285 samples a year...
TRANSCRIPT
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Research on the importance of crop protection
Monitoring
Diagnostic service
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Clay
Loess
Clay
Sand
Clay
Sand
2 neighbouring growers ‘top’ grower ‘average’ grower at least 1.5 ton/ha difference
in sugar yield
B.Hanse, 2011
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Comparable soil and climate within a pair!
= 2006
= 2007
= 2008TopTopAverageAverage
feetkm
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during the project,TOP growers had 20% higher sugar yields
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Management quality of inputs◦ Soil structure
explained 25% of variance in sugar yield◦ Sowing date
explained 14% of variance in sugar yield◦ Weed control
explained 30% of variance in sugar yield◦ Pests and diseases
explained 50% of variance in sugar yield
Hanse, B. et al, 2011
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on clay soils:
Top growers’ fields lower infestation levels
Data SUSY 2006-2007
Heterodera schachtii: 4.4x lower! Rhizomania: 2.7x lower!
35% of variance in sugar yield explained byRhizomania, H. schachtii and sowing date
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On sandy soils:
Top growers’ fields lower infestation levels
H. betae, fungicide applications, aphanomyces, and sowing date
75% of variance in sugar yield explained by:
Meloidogyne spp: 5x lower!
cercospora: 1.4x lower!
Data SUSY 2006-2007
H. betae
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Sugar yield loss due to pests anddiseases
0
11.613.9
18.2
23.0
* De Wit, 1953
achieved sugar yield - top growersachieved sugar yield - top growers
attainable sugar yield*attainable sugar yield*
Suga
r yie
ld (t
/ha)
21%
achieved sugar yield -average growers
achieved sugar yield -average growers
Potential sugar yield withoutpests and diseases
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for the use of damage thresholds monitoring is important
sometimes confusing symptoms!
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free service for all sugar beet growers in NL
samples sent in by advisors, agriculturaldepartment of the sugar industry, crop specialists
285 samples a year – 3.6% diagnosis ‘unknown’
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proper diagnosis
spread
importance
resistance breaking
new causes
trial field locations
cercosporacercospora pseudomonaspseudomonas
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rhizomania control depends on Rz1-gene used in all
commercial varieties
Bornemann et al, in press
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Geen resistentie
tegen rhizomanie
Coyote Fernanda KWS Isabella KWS Magistral Sandra KWS
Conc
entra
tion
viru
s (ng
/ml)
Variety
a
bb
cc c
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Geen resistentie
tegen rhizomanie
Coyote Fernanda KWS Isabella KWS Magistral Sandra KWS
Conc
entra
tion
viru
s (ng
/ml)
Variety
a
bb
cc c
No resistance
againstRhizomania
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Stemphylium cause of yellow leafspot
first report in 2007
proof of causal agent in 2011
Hanse et al, in press
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pests and diseases are major cause of sugar yielddifferences
proper diagnosis is important for sustainable cropprotection
monitoring is important for sustainable crop protection
Conclusions