04 dgbw 2016 - tvvl - nzeb hospitals - 160926 ...uuid:854c289c-e554-4142-b… · • rehva‐tvvl...

4-10-2016

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Workshop Realizing (nearly) Zero Energy Hospital Buildings

togetherWim MaassenLeading Professional – Royal HaskoningDHV

TU/e Fellow – Eindhoven University of Technology

September 27th 2016

Royal HaskoningDHV

Amsterdam VU Medical Center

Multi disciplines, Energy Master Planning, Imaging Center, Diagnostic Center, BREEAM

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Content

• Introduction

• REHVA‐TVVL project

• Thermal Comfort in Hospital Wards ‐Mike van Osta

• Renovation existing Policlinic (AMC Amsterdam)

• Workshop

• Results REHVA‐TVVL Workshop

• Wrap up

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User(s) central

[Picture above: D/DOCK]

Healing

Safe,

Fast,

and

Comfortable

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Important

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DRAFT ‐ NL nZEB definitions (July 2015)Building function Energy demand

[kWh/m2.y]

Energy use

[kWh/m2.y]

Sustainable

energy [%]

Health Care

facilities

65 120 50

ΔEPC(2015)

-/- 50%

EPC in 2020 ca. 50% lower !

nZEB ‐ Legislation new buildings from 2020

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MJA3 ‐ AMCs

Goal 30% reduction in 2020 (15 years)

Still 18% to save untill 2020 (6 years to go)

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nZEB 2020New Buildings

Enforcement measures with payback period less than 5 years

MJA3, Energy Efficiency Directive

Route

Current situation

(intermediate)goalsprojects

Sustainability policy

EPC 2016

nZEB 2050Existing buildings

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Approach

1. Ambition

2. 0‐measurement

3. Quick Wins & Optimize

4. Planning / Roadmap

5. Monitoring / measuring the effects

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Example – Result

Annemarie BrouwerEnergy Coordinator VUmc

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Project: nZEB Hospital Buildings

Royal HaskoningDHV executes project with Eindhoven University of Technology.

Supported by TVVL and REHVA.

Goal:

• Give information and insight in nZEB developments

• Contribute to the road to nZEB

Focus:

• Existing Hospitals: energy saving potential and measures

• New Hospitals: optimized solutions and realistic nZEB definitions

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Related research projects:

• Reduced ventilation for isolation rooms (AMC Rotterdam)

• Renovation existing Policlinic (AMC Amsterdam)

• Feasibility NL nZEB Hospital definitions

• Closing the Energy Performance Gap

• Transformation of multi‐ to one‐patient rooms (AMC Utrecht)

Project: nZEB Hospital Buildings

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Energy Use AMC

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Energy demand AMC: ventilation, heating & cooling

Schoenmakers I., 2014, A systematic approach to obtain energy reduction in the complex HVAC systems of UMCs, MSc thesis TU/e. Eindhoven, Netherlands

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Energy demand AMC: Ventilation, heating & cooling

Schoenmakers I., 2014, A systematic approach to obtain energy reduction in the complex HVAC systems of UMCs, MSc thesis TU/e. Eindhoven, Netherlands

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NL nZEB Hospital Buildings scores

Variants Energy demand

[kWh/m2.y]

Energy use

[kWh/m2.y]

Sustainable energy

[%]

Draft NL nZEB Definitions 65 120 50

Existing NL Hospitals 200 300 ?

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nZEB approach (Trias Energetica)

3Use fossilenergy

efficiently

1Reduce energy demand

2Apply sustainable energy sources

Trias Energetica method

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nZEB approach (5‐step)

3Use fossilenergy

efficiently



5Use fossil energy

efficiently

1

User demand & behaviour



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Energy exchange and storage systems

Trias Energetica method

Five step method

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nZEB approach – User Central

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nZEB approach – Energy Exchange & Storage

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nZEB approach – Energy Exchange & Storage

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Step Measures

1. User demand & Behaviour

Lower internal heat loads (more use of stand by mode), smart zoning of the building, smart positioning of building functions, smart and individual control systems (human in the loop, SR ventilation), low flow fume hoods, low energy consuming MRI, combining processes/equipment/test set ups, education of users

2. Reduce Energy Demand

Insulation, envelope airtightness, heat recovery ventilation/hot tapwater, use daylight, thermal mass, positioning of functions and integral design to make application of technologies possible e.g. natural/hybrid ventilation of wards, better Air Handling Units, larger ducts to reduce ventilation energy, variable air flow systems (airflow management), LED lighting, Less heating and cooling (change standards), energy efficient appliances, less or no humidification (clay products for dehumidification in ceilings), use BMS and monitoring to reduce energy consumption and to show and guarantee that systems perform as they should, less tap water stations with hot water supply.

3. Apply Sustainable& Energy Sources

Photovoltaic solar cells, biomass, wind energy, adiabatic cooling

4. Energy Exchange& Storage

Long term energy storage in the soil/acquifer (LTES), short term energy storage (buffers, Phase Change Materials), Concrete Core Activation (TABS), Exchange energy between internal/external functions

5. Efficient use offossil energy

High efficient boilers, chillers, heat pumps, cogeneration of heat and power

nZEB approach (5‐step) ‐Measures

Thermal Comfort in Hospital Wards

Mike van OstaMaster Student Building Physics and Services Eindhoven University of Technology

[Picture: D/DOCK]

Research Results ‐ Thermal comfort in hospital wards

• Heating / Cooling• Ventilation• Lighting

• Comfort• Controlability• Privacy• Shorter lenght of stay• Lower pain sensations

System

User

• Daylight• View• Acoustics• Art and aesthetics• Wayfinding• Autonomy

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• Single patient rooms

– Larger floor area

– More privacy

– Infection prevention

– Longer conversations with doctors

– Longer visiting hours possible

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Department 1981 2016

Long stay

Medium/ short stay

Daycare

60% more clinical admissions9 times more day care admissions

Reduction in total admision days

50% shorter length of stay

(CBS, 2008 ; DHD, 2013)

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• Thermal Comfort– Actual Mean Vote (AMV) – Predicted Mean Vote (PMV)

– Adaptive Comfort Limits

• Influence on indoor environment– Regulating air temperature

– Regulating ventilation

– Operable windows

– Sun exposure

– Lighting

– Sound

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Heated/ Cooled ventilation air Concrete Core ActivationOperable windows

Hospital A Hospital B

(RHDHV)

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• Lower air temperature measured in Hospital B– Operable windows

– Lower outside temperatures

– Less sun exposure (building design)

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• Measured temperature Hospital A higher

• PMV Hospital A better

• AMV not equal to PMV both Hospitals

• AMV Hospital B better

• How thermal comfort is experienced cannot be predicted by the PMV alone.

• Small amount of people say they want to regulate air temperature.

• Influence patients want: Openable windows, Additional blanket, Thermoblanket

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Roadmap to nZEB HospitalCase Study: Existing Policlinic

Wim MaassenLeading Professional – Royal HaskoningDHV

TU/e Fellow – Eindhoven University of Technology

May 23rd 2016

[Picture: D/DOCK]

Method

• In‐Depth Analysis of Case Study

• nZEB‐Design Approach

• Building Energy Simulations

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In‐Depth Analysis of Case Study

• Extended life time 10 to 30 years

• No reliable design and monitoring data

• No thorough recommissioning

• Energy costs reduction of € 300,000.– per year realized by professional optimization

5Use fossil energy

efficiently

1




4


Five step method

nZEB‐Design Approach

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Step Measures


• Occupancy‐based smart controls ventilation, heating and cooling

• Occupancy‐based smart control lighting and equipment


• Upgrade HVAC system (CAV=>VAV)

• Upgrade building envelope

• Upgrade lighting systems


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HVAC OCCUPATION ENVELOPE

Type I – CAV

Type 0 – Constant

Type 0 – Current

II – VAV 1 – Stochastic 1 – Improved

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Results

• CAV => ‐/‐ 15% (incl. envelope)

• VAV => ‐/‐ 30% (incl. envelope)

‐/‐ 20% (excl. envelope)

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Conclusions

• Draft NL nZEB definitions – ambitious !

• Energy reduction in Hospital Buildings not (yet) a real priority

• nZEB‐Design Approach: adequate and showing significant energy saving potential

• Energy Simulation: shows 20% reduction potential of heating and cooling in treatment rooms

Start with setting ambitions, organization, base case performance, monitoring.

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Workshop

• Split into teams (5-10 persons)

• Create an energy neutral building: fill out matrix and answer questions (10-15 min)

• One person gives a short feedback of the results (design approach, top 5 solutions) to the other teams using matrix, etc. (1-2 min)

• Teams vote for best team results => Winner!

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Workshop

• How can Hospital Buildings achieve nZEB?

• What are the most promising technical solutions?

• What is necessary to implement these solutions in practice?

• How can TVVL stimulate the above?

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5Use fossil energy

efficiently

1




4


Five step method


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Step Measures



3. Apply Sustainable & Energy Sources

4. Energy Exchange &Storage

5. Efficient use of fossilenergy

Workshop

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Results REHVA‐TVVL Workshop

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REHVA‐TVVL Workshop Results

• How can Hospital Buildings achieve nZEB?

– Health and safety requirements make it difficult.

– Great energy reduction possible.

– Proposed methods useful.

• What are the most promising technical solutions?

– See table (5‐step method)

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• What is necessary to implement these solutions in practice?

– Operate Hospitals not stand‐alone with reliable energy supply

– Use energy exchange and storage on local and district scale

– Research results showing that health risks (risks to patient safety) will not increase when implementing energy‐efficient solutions.

– Knowledge sharing and users’ engagements

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• How can REHVA stimulate the above?

– Communicate with Hospital users (e.g. brochures, presentations, workshops, and guidebooks).

– Have meetings with stakeholders of medical centers in different countries (e.g. a first meeting in London was suggested), including ASHRAE Technical Committee 9.6 on healthcare facilities)‐ Gathering and producing evidence of best practices ( e.g. research studies, project references and guidebooks).

– Develop a dedicated REHVA Guidebook (together with ASHRAE)

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Wrap‐up

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Thank you for your attention!

For more information contact:

Wim [email protected] +31 6 537 05 294

Healthcare: www.royalhaskoningdhv.com/healthcarenZEB: www.royalhaskoningdhv.com/nzeb

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04 dgbw 2016 - tvvl - nzeb hospitals - 160926 ...uuid:854c289c-e554-4142-b… · • rehva‐tvvl...

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