03 p374144 prelims1 - nev mosquito 21 seemosquitoes anoplura 21 seephthiraptera antennae 21...
TRANSCRIPT
CONTENTS BY SUBJECT AREA xvii
CONTRIBUTORS xxi
GUIDE TO THE ENCYCLOPEDIA xxx
FOREWORD xxxii
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION xxxiv
PREFACE xxxv
ABOUT THE EDITORS xxxvi
A Acari 1 see Mites; Ticks
Accessory Glands 1 Diana E. Wheeler
Acoustic Behavior 2 see Hearing
Aedes Mosquito 2 see Mosquitoes
Aestivation 2 Sinzo Masaki
Africanized Bees 4 see Neotropical African Bees
Agricultural Entomology 4 Marcos Kogan and Ronald Prokopy
Alderfl y 8 see Megaloptera
Amber 8 George Poinar Jr.
Anatomy: Head, Thorax, Abdomen, and Genitalia 11 David H. Headrick and Gordon Gordh
Anopheles Mosquito 21 see Mosquitoes
Anoplura 21 see Phthiraptera
Antennae 21 Catherine Loudon
Ants 24 Nigel R. Franks
Aphids 27 John T. Sorensen
Apis Species 31 Eva Crane
Aposematic Coloration 33 Mathieu Joron
Apterygota 38 Ring T. Card é and Vincent H. Resh
Aquatic Habitats 38 Richard W. Merritt and J. Bruce Wallace
Arachnida 48 see Daddy-Long-Legs; Mites; Scorpions; Spiders; Ticks; Vinegaroons
Archaeognatha 48 Helmut Sturm
Arthropoda and Related Groups 50 James H. Thorp
CONTENTS
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd v03_P374144_Prelims1.indd v 5/6/2009 7:47:16 PM5/6/2009 7:47:16 PM
Contentsvi
Auchenorrhyncha 56 Christopher H. Dietrich
Autohemorrhage 64 Vincent H. Resh
Autotomy 64 Ring T. Cardé
B Bedbugs 65 Christiane Weirauch and Alec C. Gerry
Bee 66 see Apis Species
Beekeeping 66 Eva Crane
Bee Products 71 Eva Crane
Beetle 75 see Coleoptera
Biodiversity 75 Nigel E. Stork
Biogenic Amines 80 Arnd Baumann, Wolfgang Blenau, and Joachim Erber
Biogeographical Patterns 82 Peter Zwick
Biological Control of Insect Pests 91 M. S. Hoddle and R. G. Van Driesche
Bioluminescence 101 James E. Lloyd and Erin C. Gentry
Biotechnology and Insects 105 Bryony C. Bonning
Blattodea 108 Donald G. Cochran
Blood 112 see Circulatory System
Blood Sucking 112 M. J. Lehane
Body Size 114 Christer Bj ö rkman, Karl Gotthard, and Mats W. Pettersson
Boll Weevil 116 R. N. Foster
Bombyx mori 117 Satoshi Takeda
Book Louse 119 see Psocoptera
Borers 119 Timothy D. Paine
Brain and Optic Lobes 121 Nicholas J. Strausfeld
Bristletail 130 see Archaeognatha
Bubonic Plague 130 Irwin W. Sherman
C Caddisfl y 133 see Trichoptera
Caste 133 Sean O’Donnell
Caterpillars 135 Frederick W. Stehr
Cat Fleas 138 Nancy C. Hinkle and Michael K. Rust
Cave Insects 139 Francis G. Howarth
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd vi03_P374144_Prelims1.indd vi 5/6/2009 7:47:16 PM5/6/2009 7:47:16 PM
Contents vii
Cell Culture 144 Dwight E. Lynn
Chemical Defense 145 Murray S. Blum
Chemoreception 148 B. K. Mitchell
Chiggers and Other Disease-Causing Mites 152 Larry G. Arlian
Chitin 156 Ephraim Cohen
Chromosomes 158 Graham C. Webb
Chrysalis 162 Frederick W. Stehr
Cicadas 163 Maxwell S. Moulds
Circadian Rhythms 165 Terry L. Page
Circulatory System 169 Thomas A. Miller and G ü nther Pass
Classifi cation 173 see Nomenclature and Classifi cation
Cockroach 173 see Blattodea
Cocoon 173 Frederick W. Stehr
Codling Moth 174 Stephen C. Welter
Coevolution 175 Douglas J. Futuyma
Cold/Heat Protection 179 David L. Denlinger
Coleoptera 183 Joseph V. McHugh and James K. Liebherr
Collection and Preservation 201 Charles V. Covell Jr.
Collembola 206 Kenneth A. Christiansen, Peter Bellinger and Frans Janssens
Colonies 210 Sean O’Donnell
Colorado Potato Beetle 212 George G. Kennedy
Coloration 213 Helen Ghiradella
Commercialization of Insects and Their Products 220 Gail E. Kampmeier and Michael E. Irwin
Conservation 227 Tim R. New
Crickets 232 Richard D. Alexander and Daniel Otte
Crypsis 236 Paul M. Brakefi eld
Cultural Entomology 239 James N. Hogue
Cuticle 245 Svend O. Andersen
D Daddy-Long-Legs 247 Gonzalo Giribet
Damselfl y 248 see Odonata
Dance Language 248 P. Kirk Visscher
DDT 251 Fumio Matsumura
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd vii03_P374144_Prelims1.indd vii 5/6/2009 7:47:17 PM5/6/2009 7:47:17 PM
Contentsviii
Defensive Behavior 252 Justin O. Schmidt
Delusory Parasitosis 257 see Ekbom Syndrome
Dengue 257 Thomas W. Scott
Dermaptera 259 Susan M. Rankin and James O. Palmer
Development, Hormonal Control of 261 Michael E. Adams
Diapause 267 David L. Denlinger
Digestion 271 Walter R. Terra
Digestive System 273 Walter R. Terra and Cl é lia Ferreira
Diplura 281 Markus Koch
Diptera 284 Richard W. Merritt, Gregory W. Courtney, and Joe B. Keiper
Diversity 297 see Biodiversity
Division of Labor in Insect Societies 297 Gene E. Robinson
Dobsonfl y 299 see Megaloptera
Dog Heartworm 299 Edward G. Platzer
Dormancy 300 Richard E. Lee Jr.
Dragonfl y 301 see Odonata
Drosophila melanogaster 301 Patrick M. O’Grady
Dung Beetles 304 James Ridsdill-Smith and Leigh W. Simmons
E Earwig 308 see Dermaptera
Ecdysis 308 see Molting
Ecdysteroids 308 Michael E. Adams
Eggs 311 Diana E. Wheeler
Egg Coverings 312 Diana E. Wheeler
Ekbom Syndrome 313 Nancy C. Hinkle
Embiidina 315 Edward S. Ross
Embryogenesis 316 Lisa Nagy and Miodrag Grbic
Endangered Insects 320 Scott Hoffman Black and Mace Vaughan
Endopterygota 324 Ring T. Card é
Entomological Societies 324 Alan I. Kaplan
Ephemeroptera 328 John E. Brittain and Michel Sartori
Estivation 334 see Aestivation
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd viii03_P374144_Prelims1.indd viii 5/6/2009 7:47:17 PM5/6/2009 7:47:17 PM
Contents ix
Evolution 334 see Phylogeny of Insects
Excretion 334 Timothy J. Bradley
Exopterygota 339 Ring T. Card é
Exoskeleton 339 Svend O. Andersen
Extension Entomology 342 Nancy C. Hinkle, Beverly Sparks,Linda J. Mason, and Karen M. Vail
Eyes and Vision 345 Michael F. Land
F Fat Body 356 Ephraim Cohen
Feeding Behavior 357 R. F. Chapman
Fire Ants 362 Les Greenberg
Flea 364 see Siphonaptera
Flight 364 Michael Dickinson and Robert Dudley
Fly 372 see Diptera
Folk Beliefs and Superstitions 372 James N. Hogue
Food, Insects as 376 Gene R. DeFoliart
Forensic Entomology 381 M. Lee Goff
Forest Habitats 386 David L. Wood and Andrew J. Storer
Fossil Record 396 David Grimaldi
Freshwater Habitats 403 see Aquatic Habitats
Fruit Fly 403 see Drosophila melanogaster
G Gallmaking and Insects 404 Katherine N. Schick and Donald L. Dahlsten
Genetically Modifi ed Plants 406 David A. Andow
Genetic Engineering 410 Peter W. Atkinson and David A. O’Brochta
Genetic Variation 416 George K. Roderick and Maria Navajas
Grasshopper 419 see Orthoptera
Genomics 419 Peter Arensburger and Peter W. Atkinson
Grassland Habitats 424 Teja Tscharntke, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, Andreas Kruess, andCarsten Thies
Greenhouse Gases, Global Warming, and Insects 428 Peter Stiling
Growth, Individual 431 Martin B. Berg and Richard W. Merritt
Grylloblattodea 434 D. C. F. Rentz and Sigfrid Ingrisch
Gypsy Moth 435 Joseph S. Elkinton
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd ix03_P374144_Prelims1.indd ix 5/6/2009 7:47:17 PM5/6/2009 7:47:17 PM
Contentsx
H Hearing 440 Ron Hoy and Jayne Yack
Hemiptera 446 see Auchenorrhyncha; Prosorrhyncha; Sternorrhyncha
Hemolymph 446 Michael R. Kanost
Heteroptera 449 see Prosorrhyncha
Hibernation 449 Richard E. Lee Jr.
History of Entomology 449 Edward H. Smith and George G. Kennedy
Homeostasis, Behavioral 458 P. Kirk Visscher
Homoptera 459 see Auchenorrhyncha; Sternorrhyncha
Honey 459 Eva Crane and P. Kirk Visscher
Honey Bee 461 see Apis Species
Honeydew 461 Angela E. Douglas
Hornet 463 see Wasps
Host Seeking, by Parasitoids 463 J. Daniel Hare and Ronald M. Weseloh
Host Seeking, for Plants 466 Elizabeth A. Bernays
House Fly 469 Gregory A. Dahlem
Human History, Insects Effect on 471 James N. Hogue
Hymenoptera 473 Donald L. J. Quicke
Hypermetamorphosis 484 John D. Pinto
Hyperparasitism 486 Daniel J. Sullivan
I Imaginal Discs 489 Seth S. Blair
Immunology 492 Nancy E. Beckage
Industrial Melanism 496 Michael E. N. Majerus
Insecta, Overview 501 Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Cardé
Insecticides 502 Fumio Matsumura
Insecticide and Acaricide Resistance 505 Gregor J. Devine andIan Denholm
Insectivorous Plants 511 Lewis J. Feldman
Insectivorous Vertebrates 514 Charles R. Crumly
Insect Zoos 516 Leslie Saul-Gershenz
Integrated Pest Management 523 Ronald Prokopy andMarcos Kogan
Integument 528 Svend O. Andersen
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd x03_P374144_Prelims1.indd x 5/6/2009 7:47:18 PM5/6/2009 7:47:18 PM
Contents xi
Introduced Insects 529 Daniel Simberloff
Island Biogeography 533 George K. Roderick andRosemary G. Gillespie
Isoptera 535 Vernard R. Lewis
J Japanese Beetle 539 David W. Held and Daniel A. Potter
June Beetles 540 Daniel A. Potter and David W. Held
Juvenile Hormones 541 Michael E. Adams
K Katydid 546 see Orthoptera
Killer Bees 546 see Neotropical African Bees
L Lacewing 547 see Neuroptera
Ladybugs 547 Michael E. N. Majerus
Larva 551 Frederick W. Stehr
Learning 552 Daniel R. Papaj
Legs 555 Peter H. Adler
Lepidoptera 559 Jerry A. Powell
Lice 587 see Phthiraptera
Lice, Human 587 Terri L. Meinking
Locusts 589 R. F. Chapman
M Magnetic Sense 592 John Klotz and Rudolf Jander
Malaria 594 William K. Reisen
Mantodea 597 Lawrence E. Hurd
Mantophasmatodea 599 Klaus-Dieter Klass and Christin Grossmann
Marine Insects 600 Lanna Cheng
Mating Behaviors 604 Darryl T. Gwynne
Mechanoreception 610 Andrew S. French andP ä ivi H. Torkkeli
Mecoptera 611 George W. Byers
Medical Entomology 614 John D. Edman
Medicine, Insects in 618 Ronald A. Sherman
Megaloptera 620 Norman H. Anderson
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xi03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xi 5/6/2009 7:47:18 PM5/6/2009 7:47:18 PM
Contentsxii
Metabolism 623 S. N. Thompson and R. K. Suarez
Metamorphosis 627 Frederick W. Stehr
Migration 628 Hugh Dingle
Mimicry 633 Mathieu Joron
Mites 643 Barry M. OConnor
Molting 649 Lynn M. Riddiford
Monarchs 654 Lincoln P. Brower
Mosquitoes 658 Bruce F. Eldridge
Moth 663 see Lepidoptera
Mouthparts 663 R. F. Chapman
Movies, Insects in 668 May R. Berenbaum andRichard J. Leskosky
Muscle System 675 Robert Josephson
Museums and Display Collections 680 Gordon M. Nishida
N Neosomy 685 Frank J. Radovsky
Neotropical African Bees 686 Orley R. Taylor
Nervous System 688 see Brain and Optic Lobes
Nest Building 688 Robert L. Jeanne
Neuropeptides 691 Miriam Altstein
Neuroptera 695 Catherine A. Tauber, Maurice J. Tauber, and Gilberto S. Albuquerque
Nomenclature and Classifi cation,Principles of 707 F. Christian Thompson
Nutrition 715 S. N. Thompson and S. J. Simpson
O Ocelli and Stemmata 721 Frederick W. Stehr
Odonata 721 K. J. Tennessen
Orientation 729 Ring T. Cardé
Orthoptera 732 Sigfrid Ingrisch and D. C. F. Rentz
Ovarioles 743 Diana E. Wheeler
Oviposition Behavior 745 Marc J. Klowden
P Parasitoids 748 Nick Mills
Parental Care 751 Michelle Pellissier Scott
Parthenogenesis in Insects and Mites 753 Benjamin B. Normark and Lawrence R. Kirkendall
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xii03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xii 5/6/2009 7:47:18 PM5/6/2009 7:47:18 PM
Contents xiii
Pathogens of Insects 757 Brian A. Federici
Phasmida 765 Erich H. Tilgner
Pheromones 766 Ring T. Card é and Jocelyn G. Millar
Phoresy 772 Marilyn A. Houck
Photography of Insects 774 Mark W. Moffett
Phthiraptera 777 Ronald A. Hellenthal and Roger D. Price
Phylogeny of Insects 780 Peter S. Cranston and Penny J. Gullan
Physical Control of Insect Pests 794 Charles Vincent, Phyllis Weintraub,and Guy Hallman
Phytophagous Insects 798 Elizabeth A. Bernays
Phytotoxicity 800 Alexander H. Purcell
Plant Diseases and Insects 802 Alexander H. Purcell
Plant – Insect Interactions 806 J. Mark Scriber
Plecoptera 810 Kenneth W. Stewart
Pollination and Pollinators 813 Gordon W. Frankie and Robbin W. Thorp
Pollution, Insect Response to 819 David M. Rosenberg and Vincent H. Resh
Polyembryony 821 Michael R. Strand
Population Ecology 826 Joseph S. Elkinton
Praying Mantid 837 see Mantodea
Predation/Predatory Insects 837 Ronald M. Weseloh andJ. Daniel Hare
Prosorrhyncha 839 Carl W. Schaefer
Protura 855 Markus Koch
Psocoptera 858 Edward L. Mockford
Pterygota 860 Ring T. Card é
Puddling Behavior 860 Scott R. Smedley
Pupa and Puparium 862 Frederick W. Stehr
Q Queen 863 see Caste
R Raphidioptera 864 Ulrike Asp ö ck and Horst Asp ö ck
Rearing of Insects 866 Norman C. Leppla
Recruitment Communication 869 James F. A. Traniello
Regulatory Entomology 877 Robert V. Dowell
Reproduction, Female 880 Diana E. Wheeler
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xiii03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xiii 5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM
Contentsxiv
Reproduction, Female:Hormonal Control of 882 Diana E. Wheeler
Reproduction, Male 885 Marc J. Klowden
Reproduction, Male:Hormonal Control of 887 Marc J. Klowden
Research Tools, Insects as 888 Kipling W. Will
Respiratory System 889 Jon F. Harrison
River Blindness 895 Vincent H. Resh
S Salivary Glands 897 Gregory P. Walker
Scale Insect 901 see Sternorrhyncha
Scales and Setae 901 Shaun L. Winterton
Scorpions 904 Stanley C. Williams
Segmentation 909 Paul Z. Liu and Nipam H. Patel
Sericulture 912 Satoshi Takeda
Sex Determination 914 Michael F. Antolin and Adam D. Henk
Sexual Selection 917 Kenneth Y. Kaneshiro
Silk Moth 921 see Bombyx mori
Silk Production 921 František Sehnal and Catherine Craig
Silverfi sh 924 see Zygentoma
Siphonaptera 924 Michael W. Hastriter andMichael F. Whiting
Snakefl y 928 see Raphidioptera
Sociality 928 James E. Zablotny
Soil Habitats 935 Patricia J. Vittum
Sound Production 939 see Hearing
Spermatheca 939 Marc J. Klowden
Spermatophore 940 Marc J. Klowden
Spiders 941 Rosemary G. Gillespie andJoseph C. Spagna
Springtail 951 see Collembola
Stamps, Insects and 951 Charles V. Covell Jr.
Sterile Insect Technique 953 Jorge Hendrichs and Alan Robinson
Sternorrhyncha 957 Penny J. Gullan and Jon H. Martin
Stonefl y 967 see Plecoptera
Stored Products as Habitats 967 Rudy Plarre and Wendell E. Burkholder
Strepsiptera 971 Michael F. Whiting
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xiv03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xiv 5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM
Contents xv
Swimming, Lake Insects 972 Werner Nachtigall
Swimming and Other Movements, Stream Insects 975 Bernhard Statzner
Symbionts Aiding Digestion 978 Andreas Brune
Symbionts, Bacterial 983 Michael E. N. Majerus
Systematics 987 see Nomenclature and Classifi cation
T Taste 988 see Chemoreception
Taxonomy 988 see Nomenclature and Classifi cation
Teaching Resources 988 John H. Acorn and Felix A. H. Sperling
Temperature, Effects onDevelopment and Growth 990 Oldrich Nedved
Termite 993 see Isoptera
Terrestrial Insects 993 see Soil Habitats
Thermoregulation 993 Bernd Heinrich
Thrips 999 see Thysanoptera
Thysanoptera 999 Laurence A. Mound
Thysanura 1003 see Archaeognatha; Zygentoma
Ticks 1003 Daniel E. Sonenshine
Touch 1011 see Mechanoreception
Tracheal System 1011 Jon F. Harrison
Trichoptera (Caddisfl ies) 1015 John C. Morse
Tsetse Fly 1020 Stephen G. A. Leak
U Urban Habitats 1025 Michael K. Rust
V Venom 1028 Justin O. Schmidt
Veterinary Entomology 1031 Bradley A. Mullens
Vibrational Communication 1034 Andrej Cokl and Meta Virant-Doberlet
Vinegaroons 1038 Justin O. Schmidt
Vision 1041 see Eyes and Vision
Vitellogenesis 1041 William H. Telfer
W Walking and Jumping 1044 Roy E. Ritzmann and Sasha N. Zill
Wasps 1049 Justin O. Schmidt
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xv03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xv 5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM
Contentsxvi
Water and Ion Balance,Hormonal Control of 1052 Thomas M. Clark
Wings 1055 Robin J. Wootton
Wolbachia 1061 Richard Stouthamer
Worker 1063see Caste
Y Yellow Fever 1064 Thomas P. Monath
Yellowjacket 1065 see Wasps
Z Zoonotic Agents, Arthropod-Borne 1065 Robert S. Lane
Zoraptera 1069 Michael S. Engel
Zygentoma 1070 Helmut Sturm
GLOSSARY 1073
SUBJECT INDEX 1093
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xvi03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xvi 5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM
Anatomy Anatomy: Head, Thorax, Abdomen, and Genitalia Antennae Brain and Optic Lobes Chitin Coloration Cuticle Digestive System Exoskeleton Eyes and Vision Integument Legs Mouthparts Ocelli and Stemmata Pupa and Puparium Salivary Glands Scales and Setae Segmentation Tracheal System Wings
Physiology Aestivation Autohemorrhage Autotomy Biogenic Amines Bioluminescence Biotechnology and Insects Body Size Brain and Optic Lobes Cell Culture Chemical Defense Chemoreception Chitin Chromosomes Circadian Rhythms Circulatory System Cold/Heat Protection Cuticle DDT Development, Hormonal Control of Diapause Digestion Digestive System Dormancy Ecdysteroids
Excretion Eyes and Vision Fat Body Flight Genetic Engineering Genomics Hearing Hemolymph Hibernation Homeostasis, Behavioral Honeydew Imaginal Discs Immunology Insecticides Juvenile Hormones Magnetic Sense Mechanoreception Metabolism Molting Muscle System Neuropeptides Nutrition Reproduction, Female Reproduction, Female: Hormonal Control of Reproduction, Male Reproduction, Male: Hormonal Control of Respiratory System Salivary Glands Segmentation Sex Determination Silk Production in Insects Symbionts Aiding Digestion Thermoregulation Tracheal System Vitellogenesis Walking and Jumping Water and Ion Balance, Hormonal Control of
Behavior Aposematic Coloration Autohemorrhage Autotomy Bioluminescence Blood Sucking Borers Caste
CONTENTS BY SUBJECT AREA
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xvii03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xvii 5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM
xviii
Chemical Defense Chemoreception Circadian Rhythms Colonies Crypsis Dance Language Defensive Behavior Division of Labor in Insect Societies Eyes and Vision Feeding Behavior Flight Hearing Hibernation Host Seeking, by Parasitoids Host Seeking, for Plants Learning Magnetic Sense Mating Behaviors Mechanoreception Migration Mimicry Nest Building Orientation Oviposition Behavior Parental Care Pheromones Phoresy Predation/Predatory Insects Puddling Behavior Recruitment Communication Sex Determination Sexual Selection Sociality Swimming, Lake Insects Swimming and Other Movements, Stream Insects Thermoregulation Vibrational Communication Walking and Jumping
Evolution Amber Aposematic Coloration Biogeographical Patterns Coevolution Fossil Record Genetic Variation Industrial Melanism Insecticide and Acaricide Resistance Island Biogeography Mimicry Nomenclature and Classifi cation, Principles of Phylogeny of Insects Sexual Selection Sociality Wolbachia
Reproduction Accessory Glands Egg Coverings Eggs Embryogenesis
Mating Behaviors Ovarioles Oviposition Behavior Parthenogenesis in Insects and Mites Polyembryony Reproduction, Female Reproduction, Female: Hormonal Control of Reproduction, Male Reproduction, Male: Hormonal Control of Spermatheca Spermatophore Vitellogenesis
Development And Metamorphosis Body Size Caterpillars Chrysalis Cocoon Development, Hormonal Control of Ecdysteroids Egg Coverings Growth, Individual Hypermetamorphosis Imaginal Discs Juvenile Hormones Larva Metamorphosis Molting Neosomy Temperature, Effects on Development and Growth
Major Groups And Notable Forms Ants Aphids Apis Species Apterygota Archaeognatha Arthropoda and Related Groups Auchenorrhyncha Bedbugs Blattodea Boll Weevil Bombyx mori Cat Fleas Cicadas Codling Moth Coleoptera Collembola Colorado Potato Beetle Crickets Daddy-Long-Legs Dermaptera Diplura Diptera Drosophila melanogaster Dung Beetles Embiidina Endopterygota Ephemeroptera Exopterygota
Contents by Subject Area
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xviii03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xviii 5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM5/6/2009 7:47:19 PM
xix
Fire Ants Grylloblattodea Gypsy Moth House Fly Hymenoptera Insecta, Overview Isoptera Japanese Beetle June Beetles Ladybugs Lepidoptera Lice, Human Locusts Mantodea Mantophasmatodea Mecoptera Megaloptera Mites Monarchs Mosquitoes Neotropical African Bees Neuroptera Odonata Orthoptera Phasmida Phthiraptera Plecoptera Prosorrhyncha Protura Psocoptera Pterygota Raphidioptera Scorpions Siphonaptera Spiders Sternorrhyncha Strepsiptera Thysanoptera Ticks Trichoptera Vinegaroons Wasps Zoraptera Zygentoma
Interactions With Other Organisms Aposematic Coloration Blood Sucking Cat Fleas Chiggers and Other Disease-Causing Mites Defensive Behavior Dog Heartworm Feeding Behavior Host Seeking, by Parasitoids Host Seeking, for Plants Hyperparasitism Mimicry Parasitoids Pathogens of Insects Phoresy Phytophagous Insects
Predation/Predatory Insects Symbionts Aiding Digestion Symbionts, Bacterial Venom Veterinary Entomology Wolbachia
Interactions With Humans Apis Species Bedbugs Bee Products Beekeeping Blood Sucking Bombyx mori Bubonic Plague Chiggers and Other Disease-Causing Mites Commercialization of Insects and Their Products Cultural Entomology DDT Dengue Ekbom Syndrome Extension Entomology Folk Beliefs and Superstitions Food, Insects as Forensic Entomology Honey Human History, Insects Effect on Insecticides Integrated Pest Management Lice, Human Malaria Medical Entomology Medicine, Insects in Mosquitoes Museums and Display Collections Regulatory Entomology River Blindness Silk Production in Insects Tsetse Fly Yellow Fever Zoonotic Agents, Arthropod-Borne
Habitats Aquatic Habitats Cave Insects Forest Habitats Grassland Habitats Marine Insects Soil Habitats Stored Products as Habitats Urban Habitats
Ecology Agricultural Entomology Aposematic Coloration Biodiversity Biogeographical Patterns Biological Control of Insect Pests Borers
Contents by Subject Area
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xix03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xix 5/6/2009 7:47:20 PM5/6/2009 7:47:20 PM
xx
Coevolution Conservation Crypsis DDT Endangered Insects Gallmaking and Insects Genetic Variation Genetically Modifi ed Plants Greenhouse Gases, Global Warming, and Insects Honeydew Hyperparasitism Insecticides Insectivorous Plants Insectivorous Vertebrates Integrated Pest Management Introduced Insects Migration Mimicry Parasitoids Pathogens of Insects Phoresy Physical Control of Insect Pests Phytophagous Insects Phytotoxicity Plant Diseases and Insects Plant – Insect Interactions Pollination and Pollinators Pollution, Insect Response to Population Ecology Predation/Predatory Insects Swimming, Lake Insects Swimming and Other Movements, Stream Insects
History And Methodology Amber Biotechnology and Insects Cell Culture Collection and Preservation Cultural Entomology Entomological Societies Folk Beliefs and Superstitions Forensic Entomology Genetically Modifi ed Plants Genetic Engineering Genomics History of Entomology Human History, Insects Effect on Insect Zoos Medical Entomology Movies, Insects in Museums and Display Collections Nomenclature and Classifi cation, Principles of Photography of Insects Rearing of Insects Research Tools, Insects as Sericulture Stamps, Insects and Sterile Insect Technique Teaching Resources Veterinary Entomology
Contents by Subject Area
03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xx03_P374144_Prelims1.indd xx 5/6/2009 7:47:20 PM5/6/2009 7:47:20 PM