02_controladores de logica programable

7/23/2019 02_Controladores de Logica Programable

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1 DANG (2015) BASICO DE PLCs PARA CONTROL DE PROCESOS

Autmatas Programables AP o PLC

(Programmable Logic Controller: Controlador de Lgica Programable)


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Concepto de Autmata Programable
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Automate_siemens_codeur_analyseur_de_trame.JPG


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A digital electronic device that uses a programmable memory

to store instructions and to implement specific functions such

as logic, sequence, timing, counting and arithmetic to controlmachines and process.

It uses a programmable memory to store the instructions and

specific functions that include On/Off control, timing counting,

sequencing, arithmetic and data handling. A PLC is a computer designed to or! in an industrial

environment.


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Origen del PLC


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Origen del PLC


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Controlador de Lgica Programable


7/497 DANG (2015) BASICO DE PLCs PARA CONTROL DE PROCESOS

Evolucin de los PLCs



Mid - 1970s : Discrete Machine Control

Programming

"erminal

PLC

I/O

Connection is Point to Point

Programming Language :

- Rela ladder logic - !le"i#ilit in altering

Control sstem o$eration

Connection is Point to Point




%arl - to - Mid 19&0 : Discrete and Process Control

#easonable Computer

#unning PLC

Programming $oftare

PLC

I/O

Programming Language %

& Ladder Program

& PI'

& 'ata $torage

($ & 'O$




Late 19&0's to earl 1990's : Discrete and Process Control

PC running

PLC Programming $oftare

PLC

I/O

Connection in netor!ed alloing

(ultiple PLC

PLC became a part of thedeveloping enterprise resource

system

)indos

PLC




odaoda::Distri#uted *+ ModulesDistri#uted *+ Modules

Distri#uted *+ modules

PL

C

Distri#uted *+ scanner

Data Communication ,us




Remote

I/O Networ

!PLI""ER!

#I$ER OP"IC LIN%

"AP!

RemoteI/O

oda :oda : ot Redundant .stemot Redundant .stem




oda :oda : ot Redundant .stemot Redundant .stemEvolucin de los PLCs



Controller Controller Controller

Controller

)or!station )or!station )or!station )or!station

$itched *ub

oda :oda : %thernet echnolog in PLCs%thernet echnolog in PLCs




#emotePlatform

)ireless (odem

)ireless (odem

PLC

* ( I

'isplay

PC

oda :oda : /ireless communication/ireless communication

PLC




Introduccin a los autmatas programables

ama t$ica

!&'())LO*O

+elio



+. $(ALL & It covers units ith up to+- I/Os and memories up to bytes. & "hese PLCs are capable of providing simple to advance levels or

machine controls.

. (0'I1(& *ave up to 23- I/Os and memories up to 4 bytes.

4. LA#50 & "he most sophisticated units of the PLC family. "hey have up to

-+6 I/Os and memories up to 782 bytes.

& Can control individual production processes or entire plant.



Ar,uitectura de los PLCs



Ciclo de traba-o del PLC



Programming "erminal

O%2/7

O%2/7

O%+/8

Output 'evices

Output (odulesProcessor (emoryInput (odule

Input 'evices

Ladder Program

O%2/7

O%+/8

I%2/9

I%+/3

O%+/8

I%2/9

I%+/3

I%2/9

I%+/3

'ata InputImage "able

OutputImage "able

#lu-o de se.al



Componentes tpicos de un PLC


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t is $ath 2or the transmission o2 the signal 3 ,us sstem is

res$onsi#le 2or the signal e"change #et4een $rocessor and

*+ modules

he #us sstem com$rise o2 se5eral single line ie 4ires *

trac6s

$0! del sistema

# d d


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he $o4er su$$l gi5es the 5oltage reuired 2or electronics

module (*+ Logic signals8 CP8 memor unit and $eri$heral

de5ices) o2 the PLC 2rom the line su$$l3 he $o4er su$$l $ro5ides isolation necessar to $rotect the

solid state de5ices 2rom most high 5oltage line s$i6es3

s *+ is e"$anded8 some PLC ma reuire additional $o4er

su$$lies in order to maintain $ro$er $o4er le5els3

#uente de poder

0 id d C t l d P i t CP0


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t is a micro-controller #ased circuitar3 he

CP consists o2 2ollo4ing #loc6s :

rithmatic Logic nit (L)8 Programmemor

Process image memor (nternal memor

o2 CP)

nternal timers and counters !lags

CP $er2orms the tas6 necessar to 2ul2ill

the PLC 2untions3 hese tas6s include

.canning8 *+ #us tra22ic control8 Programe"ecution8 Peri$heral and %"ternal de5ice

communication8 s$ecial 2unctions or data

handling e"ecution and sel2 diagnistics3

0nidad Central de Procesamiento1 CP0

0 id d C t l d P i t CP0


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0nidad Central de Procesamiento1 CP0

LEDs de estado

Conexin abateria externa

MPI/DP

Interface

DP Interface

Slot paracartucho dememoria

SelectorRUN/PROG

Los com$onentes #;sicos de un CP suelen ser (en este

caso #asado en la serie .7


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Componentes de un PLC !iemens !&'())SalidasDigitales

Puerto PPIdeprogramacinycomunicacin

LEDs Indicadoresde estado deentradas

En el interior:Selector RUN/STOPPotenciometro

Conector mdulo Expansion

Ranura paramemoriaexterna

Entradas

Digitales

LEDsindicadores deestado

LEDs Indicadoresde estado de salidas

C t d PLC !i !& 2))


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Componentes de un PLC !iemens !&'2))

P.

(o$cional)

CP M

(o$tional)

.M:

D

.M:

D+

.M:

.M:

+

!M:

- Conta=e r;$ido

- Posicionamiento

- Control de la>o

cerrado PD

CP:

- Comunic3 $unto a $unto

- PR+!,.

- %thernet ndustrial

C t d PLC C t L i


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Componentes de un PLC ControLogi3

C t d PLC ;O=ICO; "!< ;ICRO


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4 entradasanalgicas5 salidaanal6gica

ContadorR7pido

Contador deeventosascendente

Puerto deprogramacin

Puerto de comunicacin0nitelwa8 9asta : nodos !lot PC;CIA para cartuc9os de

memoria

"ar-eta PC;CIA paracomunicacin

"!


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CP0

I/O ;odules $ac plane

Componentes de un PLC *E #AN0C

Cone i>on del PLC con el proceso


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Cone3i>on del PLC con el proceso

Las %ntradas*.alidas en un PLC son necesarias $ara

controlar monitorear el $roceso3

?@ue son entradas en un PLC
http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_3/C:%5CDocuments%20and%20Settings%5CDanilo%20Navarro%5CEscritorio%5CCursoPLC%5CTiposI_O.exe


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:$itches and Pushbuttons

:$ensing 'evices

:Limit $itches

:Photoelectric $ensors

:Pro;imity $ensors

:Condition $ensors

:Pressure $itches

:Level $itches

:"emperature $itches

:


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$ical in$ut to these modules is ?< @DC8 11A @ C8 ?B0 @ C

%"3 : .4itches8 Push#uttons8 Relas8 $um$ 5al5e on o22 status

;dulos de entrada digitales

Conectan el autmata con seales de $roceso de tipo binariotipo binario(o con gru$os de seales #inarias 2ormandopalabraspalabras)3

nter2a> de entrada lgica binariaentrada lgica binariacon o$toaco$la-miento

Electrnica de EN"RA=A! tpicas digitales


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Electrnica de EN"RA=A! tpicas digitales

Las entradas a los PLCs son $oco 5ariada3 Las m;s

$o$ulares son las DC (!uente o .umidero) las C3

Los rangos t$icos de

5olta=es de entrada

listados en orden de

$o$ularidad son lossiguientes:

1? E ?< @dc

100-1?0 @ac A @dc(L)

?00-?


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%=em$lo:

Pressure

!lo4Le5el

RD (+hm)

hermocou$le

(m@)

;dulos de entrada Analgico

Los PLC's tam#iFn tienen mdulos de entrada analgicos ue$ermiten ingresar las seales de sensores8 con salida de

corrientecorrienteo de tensintensinnormalizadanormalizada:


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;dulos de entrada Analgico

am#iFn e"isten mdulos de entradas analgicas especialesentradas analgicas especiales(termocu$las8 Pt1008 etc3) como los ue se muestran a continuacin:

?@ue son salidas en un PLC


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: Alarms

:$tac! Lights

:=ans

:Counter

:Pumps

:Printers

?@ue son salidas en un PLC


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32

na inter2a> de salida lgica binariasalida lgica binaria(de 1 #it) es la ue semuestra a continuacin:

Los 5olta=es a$licados $ueden ser de CC (1?@8 ?


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hese modules act as lin6 #et4een the CP and the out$utde5ices in the 2ield3

Digital out$ut module : $ical out$ut 2rom these modules is

?< @ DC8 11A @ C8 ?B0 @ C

%"3 : .olenoid @al5es8 lam$s8 ctuators8 dam$ers8 Pum$5al5e on o22 control

;dulos de !alida

Electrnica de !ALI=A! tpicas digitales


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Electrnica de !ALI=A! tpicas digitales

.alidas t$icas

;dulos de !alida


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nalog out$ut module : $ical out$ut 2rom these modules is


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%l est;ndar de $rogramacin a#ierto e inde$endiente del 2a#ricante

$ara a$licaciones de automati>acin es el %C G11B1-B3

Ladder Diagram

nstruction List

!unction ,loc6 Diagram

.euential !unction Chart

.tructured e"t

Lengua-e de Programacin segBn IEC 5525'2



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%ui$os $ara la $rogramacin

0;isten 3 formas o tipos de equipos para la programaci?n,

configuraci?n y e;plotaci?n de los PLCs%

0quipo integrado. "erminal o *and*eld



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%ui$os $ara la $rogramacin H cont

"erminal de programaci?n

gr@fica.

PC $oftare especialiBado.


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A(0#ICA%

Allen Dradley

5ould (odicon"e;as Instruments

5eneral 0lectric

)estinghouse

Cutter *ammer

$quare '01#OP0A%

$iemens

loc!ner > (ouller

=esto

"elemechanique

EAPA0$0%

"oshiba

Omron

=anuc

(itsubishi