02. naming inorganic compounds
TRANSCRIPT
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Naming Inorganic
CompoundsAP Chemistry
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We will focus on:
Ions
Cations
Single and polyatomic
Anions
Single
Polyatomic
Oxyanions
Anions derived by adding H+
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Cations
Cations are the +
We name monoatomic ions asfollows:
Keep name and add the word -ion
Two systems
Fe2+ iron (II) ionFe3+ iron (III) ion Also called
Fe2+ ferrous ionFe3+ ferric ion
Cu+ copper (I) ionCu2+ copper (II) ion
Also called Cu+ cuprous ionCu2+ cupric ion
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Polyatomic cations
Ammonium ion
Hydronium ion
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Anions
Anions are
Name as follows:
chop off ending and addide
For example:
Hydride ion
Oxide ion
Nitride ion
Some polyatomics:
OH- CN- O22-
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Polyatomic anions containing
oxygen
These are called oxyanions
They are named by # of oxygen atoms
For example:
NO3- nitrate
NO2- nitrite
SO42- Sulfate
SO32- Sulfite
-ate ending goes to the ion is series with more oxygen
-ite goes to the lower ion in series
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Prefixes used when there is up to 4in series
For example: ClO4
- perchlorate ion
ClO3- chlorate ion
ClO2- chlorite ion
ClO- hypochlorite ion
Polyatomic anions containing
oxygen cont..
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Anions w/ H+
Carbonate ion hydrogen carbonate
Phosphate ion dihydrogen phosphate
CO32- HCO3
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PO33- H2CO3-
Older method added mono and bi..such as sodium bicarbonate
NaHCO3
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Ionic Compounds
Just put them together!
Cation + Anion equals name
For example:Barium bromide
Aluminum nitrate
Copper (II) perchlorateSodium permanganate
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Name / write formulas for the
following
Sodium nitrite
Hydrogen peroxide
K2Cr2O7Calcium hypochlorite
Strontium Sulfite
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Names of acids
Two ways of naming:
Acids based on anions that end in ide
Acids based on anions that end in ate
or -ite
Cl- Chloride ion HCl hydrochloric acid
S2- sulfide ion H2S hydrosulfuric acid
ClO4- perchlorate ion HClO4 perchloric acid
ClO3- chlorate ion HClO3 chloric acid
ClO2- chlorite ion HClO2 chlorous acid
ClO- hypochlorite ion HClO hypochlorous acid
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Naming Compounds Flashcard
Activity
Write the following cations andanions on flashcards and practicecombining then together to make
compounds
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Monoatomic Cations
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Polyatomic Anions
Write the polyatomic ions on index cardsand the name on the reverse side
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Name the following
C2H302-
CO32-
SO42- ClO3
- ClO2
- ClO-
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Write formulas for the following
nitrate
nitrite
perchlorate
phosphate
Sulfide Fluorine Bromide Iodide Chloride
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Acids
Make an H+ card Use the following to make acids
acetate, C2H302-
carbonate, CO32-
sulfate, SO42- chlorate, ClO3
- chlorite, ClO2
- hypochlorite, ClO-
nitrate, NO3- nitrite, NO2
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perchlorate, ClO4-
phosphate, PO43-
Sulfide S2-
Fluorine F-
Bromide Br-
Iodide I-Chloride Cl-
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Name these acids
HCN
HNO3
H2SO4H2SO3Hydrobromic Acid HBr
Hydrocarbonic Acid H2CO3
Hydrocyanic acid
Nitric acid
Sulfuric acid
Sulfurous acid
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Covalent compounds
Nonmetal + nonmetal
Sharing of electrons!
Element w/ lower electronegativity isfirst
One mono six - hexaTwo di seven - hepta
Three tri eight - octaFour tetra nine - nonaFive penta ten - deca
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Covalent Compounds
Name the following
N2O5
CCl4
S3N2