02 gt applications
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Group TechnologyApplications
Henry C. Co
Technology and Operations Management,
California Polytechnic and State University
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Group Technology Layout
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Traditional Layout Types
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Layout the manufacturing facilities
into manufacturing cells.
Each cell is designed to produce afamily of parts that require similar
machinery, tooling, machineoperations, and/or jigs and fixtures.
The routing is greatly simplified byassigning each family of parts to acell.
GT Layout
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GT Layout Benefits
Implied reduction of necessary
control.
Reduced material handling.
Reduced set-up time.
Reduced tooling.
Reduced in-process inventory.
Reduced expediting.
Increase operator expertise.
Improved human relations.
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Limitations
GT layout are not without limits.
Since machines are not sharedbetween cells, more units of machinesare needed for the equivalent capacityin a functional layout.
Also, not all machines can be groupedinto cells. Typically, 30 to 40% of thetotal facility can not be included in anycell and are placed in a remainder cell.
Parts produced in this remainder cellstill have jumbled routings.
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Computer-aided ProcessPlanning
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Process Planning
A process plan establishes the
machining process and parameters tobe used (as well as those machinescapable of performing these
processes) in order to convert a workpiece from its initial form to a pre-determined final form.
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Process Planning
Computer-aided process planning
(CAPP) increases the process planner'sproductivity and improves theaccuracy of the resulting plan.
Accuracy is increased because the new
plan is assembled from pieces ofinformation contained in alreadyexisting plans, which have been testedin actual production. Moreover,
computerization allows the processplanner to quickly evaluate alternativeplans.
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Variant Process Planning
Two approaches to computer-aided
process planning. The variant approach and.
The generative approach.
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Variant Process Planning
The most common approach is variant
process planning, which applies grouptechnology.
Parts requiring similar processes are grouped intofamilies, and a standard plan is created for eachfamily.
The standard plan lists the processes common toall parts belonging to the same family.
When planning for a new part, the standardprocess plan for the family to which the part
belongs is retrieved. Then, using a "same as-except for" technique, the
standard plan is made specific for the part inquestion.
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Classification & Coding
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Generative Process Planning
The generative approach uses decision
rules for the selection of processes,tools, etc.
Based on these decision rules, the
system generates the sequence ofoperations, selects the most suitablemachine tool for the process, andoptimizes the machining parameters.
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Generative Process Planning
Generative process planning is just
beginning to be implemented inpractice.
The development of better 3-Drepresentation of solid objects in CAD,
and advancements in artificialintelligence will greatly encourage itsmore universal adoption, althoughmuch work remains to be done on the
logic of process planning based on 3-Drepresentation.