02 american english two red - june 2008

8/13/2019 02 American English Two Red - June 2008

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Red Level

Lesson One

Do - Present Tense

Singular Plural

I do We do

You do You do

He does

She does They do

It does

The verb "do" can be used to make a statement:

I dothe laundry every weekend.

...but it is usually used to makethe presentorthe pasttense negative:

I don't haveany money.

Hedidn't goto the store yesterday.

It's also used when making questions:

Doyouknowwhat time it is?

Statement: I wear glasses

Negative: I don't see well without my glasses.

Question: Do I wear glasses?

I

Statement: You speak French.

Negative: You don't speak Chinese.

Question: Do you speak Vietnamese?

you


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Statement: He works on a computer at work.

Negative: He doesn't work outside.

Question: Does he like his job?

he

Statement: She rides a bike to work.

Negative: She doesn't have a car.

Question: Does she wear a helmet?

Answer: Yes, she does.(notice the answer tothe question uses "do." )

she

Statement: It looks ripe. (ripe=ready to eat).

Negative: It doesn't grow in the winter inMinnesota.

Question: Does it grow in in the spring?Yes, itdoes.

a strawberry =it

Statement: We live in Minnesota.

Negative: We don't live in Canada.

Question: Do we like Minnesota?Yes, we do.

we

Statement: You play football.

Negative: You don't play tennis.

Question: Do you play football all year long?No, we dont. We play in the fall.

Statement: They walk their dogs every day.

Negative: They don't take their cats for a walk.

Question: Do they walk their dogs on a leash.

Yes, they do.


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The verb "do" is a very important verb. We use it to make thepresent tense, the present tense negative, and for askingquestions.

Examples:

I domany things on the weekend. (present tense, "do" is the main verb)

He doesn't like to go to the store. (present tense negative, "like" is themain verb)

Doyou want to see a movie? (present tense question, "want is themain verb)

"Do" is often used as a main verb, but only for particularactivities, such as housework, cleaning, studying, research, andshopping.

Examples:

I do the dishes every night. (do = wash)

She does her grocery shopping at Cub. (do = go/finish)

They do their homework at the l ibrary. (do = complete)

The past tense form of "do" is "did."

Examples:

I did the dishes last night.

She did her grocery shopping at Cub.

"Do" is also used for creating emphasis:

Example:

A: You don't like this very much.

B: No. I dolike it!

Lesson Two

Do - Making the negative


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Singular Plural

Ido not = I don't Wedo not = We don't

Yo udo not = You don't Yo udo not = You don't

Hedoes not = He doesn't

Sh edoes not = She doesn't Theydo not = They don't

Itdoes not = It doesn't

The verb "do" is a helping verb. We use it to make the present tenseand the past tense negative.(Click here for a videothat shows thedifference between the helping verb and the main verb. )

Examples in the present tense:

I don't workon the weekend. (present tense negative)

He doesn't liketo go to the store. (present tense negative)

They don't haveany money. (present tense negative)

The past tense form of "do" is "did." Did + not = didn't

Examples in the past tense:

I didn't worklast night.

She didn't goshopping yesterday.

We didn't seethat movie yet. .

Be careful: "Do" is also used as a main verb, but only for particularactivities, such as housework, cleaning, studying, research,business, and shopping.

Examples:

I don' t dothe dishes every night. (do = wash)

She doesn' t doher grocery shopping at Cub. (do = go/finish)

Theydo not dotheir homework at the library. (do = complete)

Their companydoesn' t dobusiness in Minnesota.

Examples in the past tense:

I didn ' t dothe dishes last night.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=05JqFOKE9DQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=05JqFOKE9DQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=05JqFOKE9DQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=05JqFOKE9DQ


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She didn ' t doher grocery shopping at Cub.

Separating the contraction creates emphasis

Examples:

I do not wantto do the dishes!

He does not havehis license!

Please,do not putthat hot pan on the counter!

Never put do + not + ____ing

He doesn't going to work.( incorrect )

He doesn't go to work. ( correct )

Avoid bad American grammar!

She don't go to work on Sunday.

It don't matter to me.

He don't know.

Clickhereto practice Lesson One and Lesson Two

Red Level- Exercise for Lessons One and Two

Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verb "do."

1. He _____ his homework at the library.

2. ____ you like to play football?

3. Where ____ they live?

4. She _____ not want to eat that.

5. We _____ our laundry at the laundromat.

6. What ____ you do?

7. _____ it take long to get there?
http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/R1%20and%20R2%20Exercise.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/R1%20and%20R2%20Exercise.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/R1%20and%20R2%20Exercise.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/R1%20and%20R2%20Exercise.html


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8. _____ he live near the school?

9. I _____ not have any money.

10. The students _____ not have their books today.

Complete these sentences with the helping verb"do" and the main verbto make the negative:

Helping verb = do or does Main verb = live, shop, eat, go, see, etc.

1. He _____ _____in that house. (live)

2. Mary and John _____ _____shop at that store any more. (shop)

3. It _____ _____ long to get there on the bus. (take)

4. I _____ _____ any more coffee. (want)

5. You _____ ______ enough time to get to work. (have)

6. She _____ ______ need any milk from the store. (need)

7. We _____ ______ dinner every night at home. (eat)

8. The car _____ _____. (work)

9. Tom _____ ______ the newspaper in the morning. (read)

10. They _____ _____ shopping during the week. (go)

Lesson Three

Do (present tense) and Did (past tense)

Present Tense Negative

do + not + main verb

Singular Plural

Ido not ___ = I don't___ Wedo not ___= We don't___

Yo udo not ___ = You don't___ Yo udo not ___ = You don't___


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Hedoes not ___ = He doesn't___

Sh edoes not ___= She doesn't___ Theydo not ___ = They don't___

Itdoes not ___ = It doesn't___

Past Tense Negative

did + not + main verb

Singular Plural

Idid not ___ = I didn't___ Wedid not ___ = We didn't___

Yo udid not ___ = You didn't___ Yo udid not ___ = You didn't___

Hedid not ___ = He didn't___

Sh edid not ___ = She didn't___ Theydid not ___ = They didn't ___

Itdid not ___ = It didn't___

The verb "do" is a helping verb. We add it to the simple form of a verb to makequestions and negatives in the present tense and the past tense.

Examples:

I don' t workon the weekend. (present tense negative).

I didn ' t worklast weekend. (past tense negative)

He doesn't liketo go to the store. (present tense negative)

He didn' t l iketo go to the store when he was younger. (past tense negative).

They don' t haveany money. (present tense negative)

Theydidn' t haveany money last week. (past tense negative.)


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Note: "Do" is also used as a main verb for activities, such as housework, cleaning,studying, research, business, and shopping.

Examples:

I don't dothe dishes every night. I didn't dothe dishes last night.

She doesn't doher grocery shopping at Cub. She didn't doher grocery shopping yesterday.

They do not dotheir homework at the library. They didn't dotheir homework last night.

Their company doesn't dobusiness in Minnesota. They neverdidbusiness here.

The past tense form of "do" is "did." Did + not = didn't

Examples:

I didn't go to work yesterday.

She didn't take the bus to work.

Separating the contraction creates emphasis

Examples:

I didnotwantto do the dishes last night. I donotwantto do them now!

He does nothavehis license! He neverdidget it!

Please, donotputthat hot pan on the counter!

Never put did + ____ing

He did going to work last night. (incorrect)

He went to work last night. ( correct )

Avoid bad American grammar!

She don't go to work on Sunday.

It don't matter to me.

He don't know.

Click here to take a quiz

Learn American English Online.com
http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%201-%20%20Do.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%201-%20%20Do.html


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evel Quiz #1 - "Do" in the present tense

A.

ions: Complete each question with the correct form of the

ary verb and the main verb in the present tense. (10 points)

_____ she ________her job? (like)

____ they ________ anything for breakfast? (want)

ere _______ you _________ to school? (go)

at ______she ________ for a living? (do)

_____ I __________ a heavy coat today? (need)

en _______ they ________ their homework? (do)

______ it __________ anything to ride the bus? (cost)

at time ______ you __________ dinner? (eat)

_____ the students _____________ the lesson? (understand)

ow _________ this ____________? (work)

B.

ions: Use only the verb "do" for the auxiliary verb and theverb. (10 points)

______she _______ the shopping on the weekend? (question)

ey ________ ________ very much work. (negative)

at _______ you _________? (question)

o __________ the dishes at your house? (question)

________ _______ any cleaning during the week.

tive)

en _______ we _________ our taxes? (question)

_______ his accountant__________ his taxes? (question)

________ __________ drugs. (negative)

_________ ________ drugs either. (negative)

hy _________ he _______ that for you? (question - negative)

Part C.

Conjugate the verb "do" in the present tense (5 points)

singular plural

Conjugate the verb "go" in the present tense negative

(5 points)

singular plural


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Lesson Four

Commands

Also known as the Imperative Form, commands are very easy to use. Begin thesentence with a verb and end with an object, a person or a thing.

Tell someone to do something:

* Answer the phone, please.

* Drive to the post office.

* Help me find this information.

The subject in each of these sentences is "you," but it doesn't sound correct to usethe subject.

* You answer the phone, please.

* You drive to the post office.

* You help me.

Tell someone not to do something:

* Don't do that.

* Don't hit him.

* Don't drive a car without a seat belt.

In each sentence, the present tense is used and the subject is "you.

The polite form of a command uses the word please.


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* Pleasegive that to me.

* Pass the potatoes,please. (Use the word "pass" when you sit at a table with otherpeople and eat food.)

Practice using commands withthis quiz.

Learn American English Online.com

Level Quiz #5 - Commands
http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%205%20-%20%20commands.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%205%20-%20%20commands.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%205%20-%20%20commands.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%205%20-%20%20commands.html


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A.

ions: Fill in the blank with the correct word from the list

rd choices below. Some sentences are negative. (10

)

open / wait / leave / eat / bring / have / go / make / sit

____________me the newspaper from outside.

____________ all of your vegetables!

____________ the door! (negative)

____________ on the couch.

____________ your muddy shoes outside! (negative)

ase ____________________ to work today. You're sick.

(negative)

e. _________________ some more coffee.

________________ my mother I broke her lamp.(negative)

ase ______________ for me here. I'll be right back.

___________________ that recipe again. It tasted

e! (negative)

Part B.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word from the li

below. Use the polite form with please. Some of these

commands are negative. (10 points)

do / close / call / let / help / find / clean / work / see / turn

1. __________ ____________ your room today. It's a mess.

2. __________ _________ _______ that any more! It hurts.

(negative)

3. __________ ____________ me! This is hard to do alone.

4. __________ _________ _________ him eat that. (negati

5. ___________ ___________ on the light.

6. ______________ the door _____________.

7. ____________ __________ a doctor about that. You're sic

8. ____________ me at that number ____________.

9. ___________ __________ ___________ on that compute

(negative)

10. ___________ ____________ your shoes. We have to go.


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Lesson Five

Questions with "do"

DoI teach

English?

(Answer: Yes, you do.)

Doyou speakEnglish?

(Answer: Yes, I do.)

Where doyou

goto school?

(Answer: I go to schoolat the university.)

Doeshe likestrawberries?

(Yes, he does.)

Doesshe likeice cream?

(Yes, she does.)

What flavordoes she like?

(She likes chocolate.)

Doesthe cathavefood?

(No, it doesn't.

It needs some food.)


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Dowe gotoschool

everyday?

(Yes, we do.)

What dowedoin class?

(We learn English)

Doyou gotoschool

everyday?

(Yes, we do.)

What doyoustudy?

(We study English.)

Dothey likeice

cream?

(Yes, they do.)

Where dotheygowhen it's hot

outside?

(They go to the beach.)

Present Tense Questions with the verb "do" are made two ways:

1. Yes-No Questions:

Q: Doyou want some water?

A: No, I don't.

In this first example, "do" is the helping verb, and "want" is the main verb.


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Q: Doeshe want to see that movie?

A: Yes, he does.

The verb "do" is often an answer to a yes-no question.

2. Questions for information:

Q: Where doeshe live?

A: Helivesin Minnesota.

Incorrect: He does live in Minnesota.

Q: Whatdoyou do for a living? (What is your job?)

A: I'm a cook.

In this example, "do" + "do" make a question.

The answer does not require the verb "do."

I ama cook. -- uses the verb "be."


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Practice:

These sentences and questions are all in the present tense. Use the correct

helping verb. The main verb is in parentheses. ( ______)

Example: ___________ she ____________ here? (work).

The helping verb is "Does" and the main verb is "work." Does she work

here?

1. Question: __________ he ______________ his job? (like)

1. Answer: Yes, he _____________.

2. Question: _________ you ____________ any money? (have)

2. Answer: No, I _____________.

3. Question: Where _______ they ________? (live)

3. Answer: They __________ across the street.

4. Question: What _______ you ________? (do)

4. Answer: I __________ at a restaurant. (work)

5. Question: ________ she __________? (drive)

5. Answer: Yes, she ___________.

Answers:

1. Question: Does he like his job? Answer: Yes, he does.

2. Question: Do you have any money? Answer: No, I don't.

3. Question: Where do they live? Answer: They live across the street.

4. Question: What do you do? Answer: I work at a restaurant.

5. Question: Does she drive? Answer: Yes, she does.


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Lesson Six

Object Pronouns

Subject

Pronoun

ObjectPronoun

Noun

I Me

for oneself

You You

One person I talk to

He Him

a boy or a man

She Her

a girl or a woman


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It Itan animal, an idea, a place, a

situation, a thing, time, weather, an emotion

one banana = it

We Us

I + you = we

me + you = us

You You

They Them

people = they / them

things = they / them


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Here's a quiz for you. Click here.

ed Level Quiz #6 - Object Pronouns

art A.

rections: Fill in the blank with the correct object pronoun. The

ords in parentheses will help you choose the correct word. (20

oints)

I see ___________ every day. (a man)

Please give __________ the information. (a woman)

He calls ____________ on the weekends. (his parents)

Throw ________ to me. (a ball)

She kissed _________. ( I )

I'm in love with ____________. (a woman)

We told __________ not to go to that restaurant. (two people)

The boss hired _________ last year. (you)

The teacher asked ___________ to clean the desks. (a boy)

0. Do you know how __________ works? (a computer)

1. He really likes ___________. (his job)

2. My accountant called _________ yesterday. ( I )

3. The teacher helped ________ after school. (a girl and a boy)

14. Don't eat ___________! (some rotten grapes)

5. I asked all of ____________ to finish this assignment. (you)

6. She gave __________ too much work to do. (you and I)

7. Do you understand _____________? (a male teacher)

8. Do you know ___________? (a woman)

9. We need to finish _________ next week. (an assignment)

0. Help _________! (you and I)

Part B.

Directions: Write the subject and object pronouns in the

singular and plural forms. (10 points)

singular plural

subject object subject object

Answers to Part A:

1. him 2. her 3. them 4. it 5.

me

6. her 7. them 8. you 9. him10. it

11. it 12. me 13. them 14. them

15. you

16. us 17. him 18. her 19. it

20. us
http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%206%20-%20%20object%20pronouns.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%206%20-%20%20object%20pronouns.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%206%20-%20%20object%20pronouns.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%206%20-%20%20object%20pronouns.html


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Lesson Seven

Special uses for "do"

The verb "do" is a little confusing. Not only is it a helping verb, it's amain verb as well. For example, to ask someone about his or her job,say "What do you do?" The second verb in that question is the main

verb,do.

Examples:

Q: What do you do" A: I'm a cashier.

It's interesting to note that the answer does not require the verb do. Inthis case the answer uses the verb be

Q: What do you do at work? A: I help customers.

Q: What do you do everyday: A: I go to schoool.

What did theydo?

They gotmarried.

They domarried. No!

What is hedoing?

He's smoking.

He's doingsmoking. No!

But sometimes "do" is used as the main verb.

In fact, "do" is avery popular mainverb for someactivities. It can beused forexercising,studying, cleaning,working, and othergeneral behaviors.


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What is he doing?

He's doing someexercises.

What does he doevery day?

He exercises. / He

does exercises.

or....

He does a lot ofexercising.

How does shestay healthy?

She does a lot ofbicycling.

What does she doevery day?

She rides herbike.

or....

She does a lot ofbiking.

What is she

doing?

She's cleaning thebathroom.

or....

She's doing somecleaning.

She does a lot ofcleaning at homeon the weekend.

What is he doing?

He's vacuuming.

or....

He's doing somevacumming.

What is shedoing?

She's working on

her laptop.

or...

She's doing some


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work on herlaptop.(laptop=computer)

What are theydoing?

They're washingthe dishes.

or...

They're doing thedishes.

Lesson Eight

Many / Much

Manyis used with count nouns:

Q: How many applesare there?

There are many apples in thispicture.

Q: How many chairsare there?

A: There are two chairs.

Q: How many beesare there?

A: Hundreds. Maybe thousands!

Q: How many applesare therein this picture?

A: There is only one apple.


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Q: How many menare in thispicture?

A: There aren't any. There isonly one woman.

Muchis used with noncout nouns:

Q: How much fruit is there?

A: There's a lot of fruit.

Q: How much water is in theglass?

A: It's almost full. There's alot of water in the glass.

Q: How much traffic is therethis morning?

A: There's a lot of traffic. Thecars aren't moving very fast.

Q: How much fishing does hedo?

A: He does a lot of fishing onthe weekend.

Q: How much beer is there inhis glass?

A: There isn't any. It's allgone.


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Count Nouns

Singular or Plural

Noncount Nouns

(Don't use in plural form)

car

apple

machine

fact

chair

dollar

minute

(Only use an articlewith these: aor th e)

cars

apples

machines

facts

chairs

dollars

minutes

(These plural countnouns use "many")

traffic

fruit

machinery

information

furniture

money

time

(These use "much")

It's important to understand the difference betweennoncount and count nounswhen using many and much. Noncount nouns are often used to describe largecategories while count nouns are usually more specific.

Examples:

There is acarin the street. (singular count noun)

How many carsare in the street? There are a few carsin the street (plural count noun)

How much trafficis there? There is a lot of traffic. (noncount noun)

Noncount nouns always use a singular verb. Count nouns are singular or plural.

Much and Many are usually used with the negative:

Examples:

There aren't many studentsin the classroom. (perhaps 4 or 5 students)

There isn't much foodin the refrigerator. ( a small amount of food)

Any + not, never, or wi thoutexpresses zero:

Examples:

There aren't anystudentsin the classroom (zero)

There isn't anyfoodin the refrigerator. It's empty.

He went outside without anyshoes. (There are no shoes on his feet.)

They neverwant to eat any vegetablesor drink any milk.

Much and Many are usually not used in the affirmative:

Examples:

"There are many apples in the basket." It sounds better to say, "There are a lot of
http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Blue%20Level/B19%20Count%20and%20Noncount%20Nouns.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Blue%20Level/B19%20Count%20and%20Noncount%20Nouns.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Blue%20Level/B19%20Count%20and%20Noncount%20Nouns.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Blue%20Level/B19%20Count%20and%20Noncount%20Nouns.html


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apples in the basket."

"There is much milk in the refrigerator."It sounds better to say, "There is a lot of milkin the refrigerator."

Practice using many / much here

Many / Much / Any

Exercise 1: Asking Questions with much, many, orany

1. How ______ apples are there on the table?

2. How ______ water is in the glass?

3. Do you know how ______ people are going to be at the party?

4. How _______ students came to class yesterday?

5. How _______ traffic was there on the highway?

6. Does he know how ______ money he needs to go to college?

7. Are there _______ cutomers in the store?

8. How ________ rice did you make?

9. Do you know how _______ it costs to take the bus?

10. Is there _______ room on the bus for me to sit down?

Exercise 2: Negative + much, many,or any.

1. There aren't ______ students in class today. (small amount)

2. There isn't _______ water in this glass. (small amount)

3. There aren't ______ apples in the basket. (zero)

4. She doesn't have very _______ friends.

5. My gas tank is empty. I don't have ______ gas.

6. Those homeless people don't have _______ money. They're very poor.

7. I didn't know ______ people at the party . I talked to just a few of my friends.

8. There isn't _______ snow this January in Minnesota. There are only a few inches.

9. The computer never makes ______ mistakes, but people who use computers frequently do.

10. There wasn't ________ business today at the restaurant, so I left early.
http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Much&Many&Any%20practice.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Much&Many&Any%20practice.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Much&Many&Any%20practice.html


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Lesson 9

A Few / Little

Fewis used with count nouns:

a few = 3-4 few = a small amount

Q: How many cars arethere?

A: There are just a few.

(a few = 3 or 4)

There are a fewbananason the table.

(a few = 3 or 4)

She's sad because shehas very fewfriends.

(This means she doesn't havemany new ideas. Notice there isno article. "A few" meanssomething different.

Few peoplewere at the

meeting. She expected20, but only three came.

(In this example and the oneabove, the situation is not good.)

Littleis used with non count nouns

a little / little = a small amount


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He dropped a littlepaint on hiswife's head.

You can also use...

a little bit of

He dropped a little bit ofpainton his wife's head.

There's a little snowon the road

and on the ground.

He got very littlesleep lastnight.

(Notice that "sleep" is a noun in thissentence. "A little sleep" is a small amountof sleep, and "little sleep" is not very muchsleep or no sleep.)

Q: Did she find what she waslooking for in the newspaper?

A: No. There was verylittleinformation.


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Lesson 10

A lot / Some / Any

There is a lot of trafficon oneside of the street.

A lot of traffic = many cars

There isn't a lot of traffic on the other side.There aresome carsbut not very many.

some = a relatively small amount but "some"is not easy to quantify or equate to aparticular number.

There isn't any traffic in the street.

There aren't any cars.


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A lot, some, andan yare used with indefinite amounts:

Example:

Q: How many students are there in the classroom:

A: There are a lot. (This is a large number). Or....

A: There are some students. (This is a small number but the number is not

known.) Or....

A: There aren't any students. (This is zero or a very, very small number andthe number is not known.)

To practice usingmany, much, a lot (of), little, a little, a few, few, any,and some

Lesson 11

The Future Tense - Will ____

Singular Plural

I will ____ We will ____You will ____ You will ____

He will ____

She will ____ They will ____

It will ____

contractions + main verb:

Singular Plural

I'll ____ We'll ____

You'll ____ You'll ____

He'll ____

She'll ____ They'll ____

It'll ____

examples:


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I'll go to classtomorrow and teachEnglish.

You'll go to classtomorrow and learnEnglish.

He'll go to a moviein the afternoon,and he'll eat a lot ofpopcorn.

She'll come toclass.

It will probably snowthis week.

We'll both be inschool tomorrow.


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You'll be there, too!

They'll play in thesnow after school isover.

Another way to make the future tense is by using "(be) goingto."

I will seemy friends on the weekend.

I am going to seemy friends on the weekend.

The meaning is the same in both sentences, but the "goingto" future is often preferred because it sounds a little morerelaxed and conversational.

Practice the "going to" future in the next lesson.

Lesson 12

The Future Tense - (be) going to____

The simple formof the verb comes after "to"

Singular Plural

I am going to ____ We are going to ____

You are going to ____ You are going to ____

He is going to ____

She is going to ____ They are going to ____

It is going to ____

contractions + main verb:

Singular Plural

I'm going to ____ We're going to ____


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You're going to ____ You're going to ____

He's going to ____

She's going to ____ They're going to ____

It's going to ____

Remember: The simple formof the verb comes after "to."

examples:

I'm going to gotoclass tomorrow andteach English.

You're going to goto class tomorrowand learn English.

He's going to go toa movie in theafternoon, and he'sgoing to eat a lot ofpopcorn.

She's going tocome to class.


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It's probably goinngto snow this week.

We're both going tobe in schooltomorrow.

You're goinng to bethere, too!

They're going toplay in the snowafter school is over.

Lesson 13

Like

The word "like" gets special attention in this level because it's so often used andunderstanding it will improve your English quickly.

1. "Like" expresses your happiness with somethingor someone:

I like this ice cream./ I like my neighbors.


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2. "Like" is used to make comparisonsand toask questionsabout people andthings:

Question: What is it like to live in Minnesota in January?

Answer: It's like living in Siberia.

Question:Why is he like that?

Answer: I don't know. He's just naturally a mean person.

3. "Like" is often used with "would" as a polite way of asking what a person

wants:

Question: What wouldyou liketo have for lunch?

Answer: I'd likea veggie sub, french fries, and a coke. (note the use ofthe contraction: I'd like= I would like.)

4. "Like" sometimes doesn't mean anything at all. Americans use it in the sameway they use "you know" and "uuhhhh...." Try to avoid doing this when you speakEnglish. It's a bad habit. Teenagers use this "like" a lot.

That movie was,like, so good.

I was,like, really mad at my teacher because he gave me a bad grade.

Warning: Do not say "I like." The verb should have an object somewhere after it,except in example 4.

Question: Do you like this car?

Answer: Yes, I like.(incorrect!) Answer: Yes, I like it. (correct!) Or...I like this car.

Lesson 14

Adjectives

Adjectivesare words that describe nounsand pronouns.

Thisis an oldradio.


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Thisis ahungrycat.

The bananaisyellow.

Hisglassis empty.

SheShe's Japanese.

These adjectives are used to describe emotions and feelings:

Click hereand then come back

In English, adjectives usually go before a noun, but they sometimesappear after a noun if using the verb "be" as in the examples above.

The banana isyellow.

This is a yellowbanana.

This is a bananayellow.

English adjectives also don't take a plural form. They're alwayssingluar. That's easy! The only time an adjective changes is in thecomparative and superlative forms which we will study in laterlessons.

Lesson 15
http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/images/Emotions%20and%20Feelings/Emotions%20and%20Feelings.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/images/Emotions%20and%20Feelings/Emotions%20and%20Feelings.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/images/Emotions%20and%20Feelings/Emotions%20and%20Feelings.html


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Conjunctions

Conjunctions are useful in putting nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs,

and clauses together when making sentences. There are seven

coordinating conjuctions: and, but, or, no r, for, yet, so.

examples

I l ike to eat cheese and

crackers.

Use "and" when putting twoor more things or peopletogether in a group.

cheese and crackers.

Hockey is a fun sport , but

som etimes you can fal l

and hurt yo ursel f .

"But" is a word that showscontrast or differences.Hockey is fun, but it is also alittle dangerous. Fun butdangerous

fun but dangersous

Would yo u l ike to eat ahotdog or a hamburger?

"Or" provides you with achoice or a decision.

a hotdog or a hamburger


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He eats nei ther hotdo gs

nor ham burgers. He

prefers vegetables.

"Nor" is the negative form of

"or." It's often used with"neither" before it.

a hotdog nor a

hammburger

He went to pr ison, for he

had ki l led som eone.

"For" is very similar to"because" and "since." Thisis a difficult conjunction to

use. It sounds very formal.

in prison for having killed

I t 's co ld ou tside, yet these

boys don' t want to go

inside because they are

hav ing so much fun.

"Yet" is similar to "but." Inthis usage it's not the sameas the "yet" which is used toexpress time.

It's cold yet fun to be outside.

She saw a spider, so she

became afraid.

"So" is similar to "because"and "for" but you can't usethe word in the sameposition. The same sentenceabove could be written:

She became afraid

because she saw a spider.

saw a spider became afraid

Lesson 16

Expressions of Time

Past Present Future


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yesterday today tomorrow

last week this week next week

an hour ago now in an hour

recently as we speak soon

a long time ago these days way off in the future

Time expressions usually go at the end

or at the beginning of a sentence:

YesterdayI went to school.

I went to school yesterday.

This weekI'm going to New York.

I'm going to New York this week.

Other popular time expressions:

In the morning

When I wake up in themorning, I like to drinkcoffee.

What do you drinkinthe morning?

during the day

During the day, they goto school .

What do you do duringthe day?


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at night

The stars and themoon come out atnight.

Most people sleep atnight, but cats usuallystay out late.

in the afternoon

In the afternoon, Icome home fromschool and do myhomework.

Using time expressions with the correct verb tense will improveyour English:

- Last week I went to the movies. (past tense. )

- This week I'm working early in the morning. (present continous tense todescribe the entire week)

- Next week I'm going to take a trip to California. (the "going to" future)

Lesson 17

Infinitives

Infinitives look like verbs, but they actually function as

a noun. Consider the following sentences:

I like pizza. ("pizza" is a noun) I like to eat. ("to eat" is an infinitive) I like to eat pizza. ("pizza" is the object of the infinitive)

Infinitives can be made with just about any verb: todo, to b e, to go , to make, to take, to see, to get--aslong as you use the simple form of the verb.Infinitives can't be used with past tense orcontinuous forms:

to went, to going


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Verbs such as needand wantoften use the infinitive:

Q: What do you wantto dotoday? A: I wantto goto the park. Q: Is there something you needto getat the store? A: Yes, I needto getsome milk.

I like to listento the radio.

(Infinitives are often usedafter the verb "like.")

He likes to eatpopcorn when

he goes to seea movie.

To playin the snow is one oflife's greatest pleasures.

(The infinitive appears at thebeginning of the sentences.This sounds very formal.)

He went downstairs to getsome coffee.

(The infinitive is often usedto explain why someonedoes something.)

He plays the guitar in order

to relax.

("in order" is similar to"because" and it introduces


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an explanation.)

Here's an exercise for you to try. Click here.

Directions: Write a sentence for each question. Notice that the infinitivefollows an adjectivein each

response.

Example: Question: What is a fun thing to do?

Answer: It's funto goto the beach.

1. What is something that's important to do?

2. What is something that's necessary to do?

3. What is something that's easy to do?

4. What is something that's dangerous to do?

5. What is something that's hard to do?

6. What is something that's interesting to do?

7. What is something that's exciting to do?

8. What is something that's scary to do?

9. What is something that's foolish to do?
http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/R17exercise.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/R17exercise.html


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10. What is something that's frustrating to do?

Lesson 18

Gerunds

Gerunds, like infinitives, look like verbs, but they actuallyfunction as nouns. Consider the following sentences:

I like goingto the beach. ("like" is the verb; "going" is thegerund.)

Playingvolleyball at the beach is fun. ("Playing" is thegerund and functions as the subject.)

I like eatingcold pizza. ("like" is the verb; "eating" is thegerund.)

Gerunds are often confused with verbs. Becausegerunds take an "ing" ending, some studentsmistake them for verbs in the continuous form. Ifyou don't see the verb "be" in front of a word withan "ing" ending, it's probably a gerund. Forexample, which sentence has a gerund?:

1. He thinks that learning Engl ish is important

for h is career.

2. This mo rning, they're meeting their fr iends at the

airport.

If you said the first sentence, you're correct! Thesecond sentence is in the present continuous tense.

examples

I like listeningto the radio.

(Gerunds are often usedafter the verb "like.")


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He likes eatingpopcorn when

he goes to seea movie.

Playingin the snow is one oflife's greatest pleasures.

(Gerunds commonly appearat the beginning of asentence. They are easier touse thaninfinitivesin thisposition.)

Drinkingcoffee in themorning is one of myfavorite things to do.

He finds playingthe guitar tobe relaxing.

Lesson 19

Posessive Pronouns (practice)

Subject ObjectPossessive

Pronoun

I me mine

The shirt that I'm wearing ismine

(My shirt is red.)
http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/R17%20Infinitives.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/R17%20Infinitives.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/R17%20Infinitives.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/R17%20Infinitives.html


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Pronoun

you you yours

Yoursis blue.

Subject Object PossessivePronoun

he him his

He's not wearing his.

Hersis blue.


Pronoun

she her hers


Pronoun

it it its

The strawberry is red.

Itsskin is red.


Pronoun

we us ours

This is our website.

This website isours.


Pronoun

you you yours

Those uniforms of yourslook great.


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Pronoun

they them theirs

My dog is brown.

Theirsare gold.

Lesson 20

Reflexive Pronouns

Subject Reflexive Pronoun

I myself

you yourself

he himself

she herself

it itself

we ourselves

you yourselves

they themselves

Reflexive Pronouns refer back to the subject:


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I taught myselfhow to build this

website.

Doyoulisten to yourself when

you speak English?

Theboyhurthimselfwhileplaying hockey.

Hehurt himself.

Shemade herselfdizzy byspinning around.

A computercan turn itselfoff to save on energy.

Itturns itselfoff.

Wecan learn for ourselveshowto do many things.


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Youdecide for yourselvestostudy English. No one tells you

what to do.

Theydecide for themselveswhere to sit in class. The teacher

doesn't tell them where to sit.

Click herefor a quiz.
http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%207%20-%20%20reflexive%20pronouns.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%207%20-%20%20reflexive%20pronouns.htmlhttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Red%20Level/Red%20Level%20Quiz%207%20-%20%20reflexive%20pronouns.html


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Red Level Quiz #7 - Reflexive Pronouns

Part A.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct reflexive

pronoun. The subject in each sentence will help you

make the correct decision. If you don't know what to do,

eview Lesson 20 in the Red Level. (20 points)

1. She hurt _____________ when she fell off of the

wing.

2. Try not to blame _____________ for that mistake.

3. I cut ___________ almost every morning when I

have.

4. Did you all enjoy _______________at the party?

5. They are not old enough to dress ________________.

6. He taught ______________ how to play the guitar.

7. I told _____________ that I would get that job, and I

did!

8. We entertained ________________ with video

games.

9. You're going to hurt _____________ with that knife.

10. My mother burned _____________ while she was

cooking.

11. The cat hurt ____________ when it jumped off the

fence.

12. Some girls spend ours looking at _______________

n front of a mirror.

13. The soldier shot _______________ so he could

eave Iraq.

14. We need to protect _______________ so I bought a

gun.

15. The boy killed _______________ with drugs and

alcohol.

16. The car is so hi-tech it can drive _______________.

17. Kids, don't hurt ________________ on the

Part B.

Directions: Write the reflexive pronouns in the singular

and plural forms. (10 points)

singular plural

Answers to Part A:

1. herself 2. yourself 3. myself 4. yourselves 5.

themselves 6. himself 7.myself 8. ourselves 9.

yourself 10. herself 11. itself 12. themselves 13.

himself 14. ourselves 15. himself 16. itself 17.

yourselves 18. myself 19. yourselves 20.yourself

Answers to Part B: Refer back to the website, RedLevel, Lesson 20.


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playground.

18. I did the work all by _________________.

19. Give _________________ a round of applause. You

all did a good job!

20. Help _________ to some more food.

QUIEZZ

evel Quiz #2 - "Do" in the past tense


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A.

ions: Complete each questionwith the correct form of the

ary verb and the main verb in the past tense. (10 points)

_____ they ________their work yet? (finish)

____ you________ anything for lunch? (eat)

en _______ you _________ this morning? (wake up)

at ________the students________ in class yesterday? (do)

ere _______ I __________ my keys? (put)

_______ the teacher_________ you a quiz today? (give)

w ________ it __________ to lose all that money? (feel)

______ Maria _________ to work last week? (come)

at time ________ the movie_____________ ? (start)

this what you __________ in class this morning? (do)

B.

ions: Make each sentence negativein the past tense. (10

)

_________ _________ the laundry last weekend. (do)

________ __________ that book very much. (like)

car __________ __________ this morning. (start)

n ________ __________ the answer to the question. (know)

e party __________ _________ past midnight. (last)

boss __________ _________ her enough time. (give)

found out that she _________ _________ her taxes. (pay)

e and I _________ _________ all that food on the table. (see)

children _________ ________ their homework. (do)

hey never _____________ how to ride a bike. (learn)

Part C.

Conjugate the verb "do" in the past tense (5 points)

singular plural

Conjugate the verb "study" in the past tense negative

(5 points)

singular plural


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Level Quiz #3 - Short Answers

A.

ions: Answer each question with a short answer in the

nt tense affirmative. Use the verb "be"(10 points)

you going to work today?

er: _______, _________ __________.

here a grocery store in this neighborhood?

er: _______, _________ __________.

I working today?

er: _______, _________ __________.

he stove on?

er: _______, _________ __________.

there any students in the classroom?

er: _______, _________ __________.

he at home right now?

er: _______, _________ __________.

t raining outside?

er: _______, _________ __________.

e doing his homework?

er: _______, _________ __________.

the people in that city happy about the new skyscraper?

er: _______, _________ __________.

there any time left in the day to play some soccer?

er: _______, _________ __________.

Part B.

Directions: Answer each question with a short answer in the

present tense negative. Use the verb "be"(10 points)

1. Is there a good movie showing today?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

2. Is she in the backyard?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

3. Are the apples any good?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

4. Is it snowing outside?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

5. Are those shoes expensive?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

6. Are there any boats on the lake today?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

7. Is the oven on?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

8. Are you studying Spanish?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

9. Am I supposed to work this weekend?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

10. Is he on the phone?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.


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vel Quiz #4 - Short Answers for "do" past and present tense

ns: Answer each question with a short answer in the

or past tense affirmative. Use the verb "do"(10 points)

ou like pizza?

_______, _________ __________.

e students like to learn about history?

_______, _________ __________.

your sister work today?

_______, _________ __________.

ou just hear the phone ring?

_______, _________ __________.

need a coat today?

_______, _________ __________.

ou wear a coat this morning?

_______, _________ __________.

it cost a lot to travel to Europe from the U.S.?

_______, _________ __________.

e have class tomorrow?

_______, _________ __________.

that company make computer software?

_______, _________ __________.

the mail come yet?

_______, _________ __________.

Part B.

Directions: Answer each question with a short answer in the

present or past tense negative. Use the verb "do"(10 points)

1. Did the police officer give you a ticket?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

2. Does she like working for that company?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

3. Did you buy any milk at the store? (you=singular)

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

4. Do those shoes fit you okay?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

5. Did it rain last night?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

6. Did you finish your homework? (you=plural)

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

7. Does she like to cook?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

8. Did he study French in high school?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

9. Did your friends enjoy the movie?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.

10. Does that store sell enjera?

Answer: _______, __________ __________.


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vel Quiz #8 - Much & Many

ns: Fill in the blank with "much" or "many." (20

oesn't have ____________ time today.

__________ apples are there in the basket?

't see __________ cars on the highway this morning.

_________ money do you have?

isn't __________ milk in the refrigerator.

were _________Spanish-speaking people at the party.

ou know how _________ people there are in the world?

idn't send __________Christmas cards to our friends

r.

ou see how _________ food there was in that store?!

w _________ information can you find on the internet?

w _________ chairs do we need for the classroom?

doesn't need very ________ time to finish her work.

re were too _________ bees at the park, so we left.

re is too __________ pollution in the world.

uldn't find very ________ rice at the store today.

w _________ help do you need?

re were __________ butterflies outside.

doesn't have _________ teeth left in her mouth.

saw _________ police officers outside of our house.

w __________ coffee do you drink every day?

Part B.

Directions: Write questions using much or many. (5 points)

1. How ________ oranges _______________________?

2. How ________ time __________________________?

3. How _________ money _______________________?

4. How ________ students _______________________?

5. How _________ water _________________________?

Answers to Part A: 1. much; 2. many; 3. many; 4. much; 5.

much; 6. many; 7. many; 8. many; 9. much; 10. much; 11.

many; 12. much; 13. many; 14. much; 15. much; 16. much; 17.

many; 18. many; 19. many; 20. much


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vel Quiz #9 - Any & Some

ns: Fill in the blank with "any" or "some." (10 points)

oesn't have ________ time today.

ght __________ oranges.

's _______ milk in the refrigerator if you want

_.

's never ________ money in my wallet.

ou have _________ eggs?

d to get _________ new shoes.

would love to have _________ more children.

ou see __________ clothes that you wanted to buy?

aren't __________ good stores at that mall.

y can't find __________ earrings to wear.

ns: Change these sentences to the negative. (10 points)

as some bananas.

___________________________________________.

t some pizza.

___________________________________________.

ought some groceries.

___________________________________________.

anted some water.

____________________________________________.

tudents learned some English.

students ____________________________________.

Part C.

Directions: Write sentences or questions using "any" or "

some. (10 points)

1. There aren't __________________________________.

2. Did you find _________________________________?

3. Is there ______________________________________?

4. I bought ______________________________________.

5. There are _____________________________________.

6. Would you like ________________________________.

7. I saw ________________________________________.

8. This isn't _____________________________________.

9. We had ______________________________________.

10. Can I get ____________________________________?

Answers to Part A: 1. any; 2. some; 3. some / some; 4. any; 5.

any or some; 6. some; 7. some; 8. any or some; 9. any; 10. any;

Answers to Part B: 1. She doesn't have any bananas; 2. I don't

want any pizza; 3. He didn't buy any groceries; 4. We didn't

want any water; 5. The students didn't learn any English.


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evel Quiz #10 - Prepositions

A.

ions: Fill in the blank space with a preposition. (20 points)

ed some help _________ my homework.

class begins _________ 7:30 in the morning.

teacher explained something ________ me.

young man bought a ring ________ his girlfriend.

ill be very difficult _________ them to finish their project.

here enought time to get ________ the airport?

try to live ___________ our budget.

s sit _________ the shade.

you buy anything _________ the store?

e lives _________ her job. It's only a mile away.

hen it started to rain, we went __________ the house.

e store owner swept the sidewalk ___ ________ ____ his(there are three prepositions)

w did you hear __________ the accident?

here can we go _________ the movie is over?

ere are plenty _________ good oranges at that store.

e loves to run her fingers ___________ my hair.

ould you like to live ________ the United States?

hen Que got _______ the bus, he paid the fare.

t your money _________ the vending machine for some

ey live ________ 2435 E. Oak St.

Part B.

Directions: Fill in the blank with a preposition (20 points)

1. It's hard to ride a bike __________ the wind.

2. _________ we eat dinner, we have to set the table.

3. Apple pie is a great desert to eat ___________ dinner.

4. Chrissy will see her friends ________ the afternoon.

5. Do you know who this gift is __________?

6. Turn the lights ________ outside. We don't need them.

7. Please get ______ the car so we can leave.

8. The store employees did a lot of work ______ the

customer.

9. I want to go _________ you to that new restaurant.

10. Did you put the chicken ________ the grill yet?

11. Juan and Rob like to talk _________ sports.

12. The children want to bring _________ some toys on th

trip.

13. What do you do ____________ the day?

14. Can you help me __________ this heavy box?

15. There are a lot of people shopping _________ the mall.

16. We get together _________ time __________ time.

17. She's been waiting to see the doctor ____________ 2:0

18. The store is open _________ 9 a.m. _________ 7 p.m.

19. We have to take this situation day ___________ day.

20. Minnesota is south __________ Canada.


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02 american english two red - june 2008

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