01b non-ferrous material

8/13/2019 01B Non-Ferrous Material

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Non-Ferrous MaterialWe will discuss about: Zinc (Seng) Copper (Tembaga) Nickel Aluminum

Including their properties and application in pipingcomponents.

The use of non-ferrous metals for other purpose (i.e.corrosion protection anode) may be discussedseparately.


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Sharing & Discussion 2

DefinitionNon-ferrous: metallic material with non-iron basedchemical contents.Iron (Fe) does not share a major percentage in thechemical composition. Iron and Steel are not a memberof this group.

Advantages of Non-Ferrous compared to FerrousLight Weight (relatively).Corrosion Resistant in some environments where Iron

and Steel are attacked.

High electrical conductivity.Sometimes, price of non-ferrous product can be

cheaper.


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ASTM Standard for Non-FerrousNon-Ferrous is specified in ASTM B Series. The material groupsare: Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys Cobalt Alloys Copper and Copper Alloys Nickel and Nickel Alloys

Zirconium Alloys Titanium and Titanium Alloys

Each material group has a standard for product specification:Castings, forgings, pipes, tubes, plates, fittings, etc.

Wrought Alloy: An alloy that is suitable for mechanical formingbe

low melting-point temperatures.


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Hot dip galvanizing is the process of applying a zinc coating tofabricated iron or steel material by immersing the material in abath consisting primarily of molten zinc.

During galvanizing, the molten zinc reacts with the iron in the steelto form a series of zinc/iron alloy layers.


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ASTM Standards for Galvanizing

A53/A53M-06 Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and SeamlessA123/A123M-02 StandardSpecification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and SteelProducts

A123/A123M-02 Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized)Coatings on Iron and Steel Products

A653/A653M-06 Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated(Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-DipProcess

A780-01 Standard Practice for Repair of Damaged and Uncoated Areasof Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings

A795/A795M-04 Standard Specification for Black and Hot-DippedZinc-Coated (Galvanized) Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe for FireProtection Use

A865-03 Standard Specification for Threaded Couplings, Steel, Blackor Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Welded or Seamless, for Use in Steel PipeJoints


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Copper and Its AlloysUnalloyed copper (Cu) is soft, ductile, easy for cold working.Most copper alloys can not be hardened by heat treatment.Hardening can be done with cold-working and solid solutionalloying. Adding Zn, Sn & Ni is intended for mechanicalimprovement.Copper itself has a corrosion resistance to ambient atmosphere,sea water and industrial chemicals.Application of copper and copper alloys is limited to temperaturesbelow the lower recrystallization temperature. Duringrecrystallization, copper becomes soft and tensile strength is

reduced.ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code gives 208 o C as maximumtemperature for the use of copper alloy pipe and tubing. ASME B31also limits to this temperature for steam, gas and air piping.


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Corrosion Problem in Copper Alloys Oxygen Differential Corrosion; caused by low flow rate (less

oxygen), being a location for corrosion Erosion Corrosion by abbrasive particles; can damage surface Stress Corrosion/Crack in environment containing ammonia salts

and mercury Copper alloys can be used in Acetate, Phosphate, Low

concentration H2SO4 and hydrochlorate acids.

Copper alloys can not be used in oxidizing acids, such as highconcentration H2SO4 acids.


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Nickel and Its Alloys Nickel itself is tough, malleable, good resistance to

oxidation and corrosion, especially in basic (alkaline)environment. It has a high cost Nickel is often coated or plated on metal surface

which is susceptible to corrosion. MONEL is alloy with approximately 65 wt% Ni and28% Cu, having high strength & corrosion resistance.

Used for valve and other components which are incontact with some acid, sea water and petroleumsolutions.

In Blue Sky Project,Monel trim is used for valve inCorrosive Water


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EXAMPLE OF MONEL CLASS


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Properties: Low Density High electrical and thermal conductivity Resistant to corrosion in ambient atmosphere

and chemicals, except strong alkalis Easy to be attacked by galvanic corrosion Can form a protective oxide layer that can

prevent further corrosion

Aluminum

01b non-ferrous material

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