Subpart C Sections• 1926.20 General safety and health

provisions • 1926.21 Safety Training and

Education• 1926.23 First aid and medical

attention• 1926.24 Fire protection and

prevention

• 1926. 25 Housekeeping

• 1926.26 Illumination

• 1926.27 Sanitation

• 1926.28 Personal protective equipment

Subpart C Sections

Citations issued in 2000

No safety training for employees

Jobsite inspections by competent person

No Accident Prevention Program

Poor housekeeping

785

595

388

212

98

21(b)(2)

20(b)(2)

20(b)(1)

25(a)

28(a)

Stan

dard

- 19

26.

Subpart C - General Safety & Health(1926.20 - 35)

Employee training programs

Inspections by competent person

Initiate and maintain accident prevention programs

Personal protective equipment

Housekeeping

Definitions• Competent Person: Has authorization

to take corrective action & is able to recognize existing and predictable hazards.

• Authorized Person: A person assigned by the employer to perform a duty or to be at a particular jobsite.

Definitions

• Construction Work: means work for construction, alteration, and/or repair, including painting and decorating.

• Employer: means contractor or subcontractor.

Definitions• Qualified: means one who, by possession

of a: – recognized degree, – certificate, or – professional standing, or – who by extensive knowledge, training, and

experience,

has successfully demonstrated his ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter, the work, or the project.

1926.20 Contractor Requirements

• No laborer or mechanic performing contract allowed to work under working conditions which are:– Unsanitary– Hazardous– Dangerous

• To their health or safety

1926.20 Accident Prevention

• Responsibility of employer to initiate and maintain programs necessary to comply CFR Part 1926 Construction Industry

Machinery and Tools

• Must be in compliance with regulations• Tools not in compliance must be

identified as unsafe by:– Tagging or locking controls to render

inoperable– Physically removed from

place of operation

Training and Experience

• Employer shall permit only those employees qualified by training or experience to operate equipment or machinery

1926.21 Safety Training and Education

• Instruct each employee in the recognition and avoidance of unsafe conditions.

• All 1926 regulations that apply to the work.

• Control or eliminate any hazards or other exposure to illness or injury.

SAFETY

1926.21 Safety Training and Education

• Employees required to handle poisons, caustics & other harmful substances shall be instructed in such handling and use

1926.21 Safety Training and Education

• Instruction on avoiding injury from plants & animals where present & first aid procedures to be used in the event of injury

1926.21 Safety Training and Education

• Employees required to enter confined spaces instructed to nature of hazards involved

• Necessary precautions• Use of PPE

1926.21 Safety Training and Education

• Confined space:– Limited means of egress– Subject to accumulation of hazardous

contaminants or,– Oxygen deficient atmosphere– Tanks, bins, boilers, ducts, pipelines,

open-topped spaces more than 4 feet deep

1926.23 First aid and medical attention

• Provisions made by employer for every employee for: – First aid, – Medical attention, and – Emergency facilities

1926.24 Fire Protection

• Employer responsible for the development and maintenance of an effective program at the jobsite throughout all phases of the construction, repair or demolition work

1926.24 Fire Protection

• Ensure availability of fire protection equipment as required by Subpart F of this part

1926.25 Housekeeping

• Form and scrap lumber with protruding nails and all other debris kept cleared from work areas.

• Combustible scrap removed at regular intervals.

1926.25 Housekeeping

• Containers provided for collection of wastes

• Covered for flammable, hazardous wastes

1926.26 Illumination

• Construction areas, aisles, stairs, ramps, corridors, offices & storage where work is in progress shall be lighted with natural or artificial illumination

1926.27 Sanitation

• Sanitation requirements are found in Subpart D (1926.51)

• Cover requirements for drinking water (potable).

• Water for other purposes.• Toilet requirements.• Eating and drinking areas.• Vermin control.

Personal Protective Equipment• Employer is responsible

for requiring the wearing of appropriate personal protective equipment in all operations where there is an exposure to hazardous conditions

• Includes fall protection.

1926.28

Acceptable Certifications 1926.29

• Pressure vessels• Boilers

Shipbuilding and Repairing 1926.30

• Safety and health regulations in part 1915 of this title, Shipyard Employment apply

Incorporation by Reference 1926.31

• Only the mandatory provisions (containing the word “shall”) of standards incorporated by reference are adopted as standards under OSHA

Definitions 1926.32

• ANSI: means American National Standards Institute.

• With reference to standards:– Shall: means mandatory.– Should: means recommended

Access to Medical Records 1926.33

• The requirements applicable to construction work under this section are identical to those set forth in General Industry Standards 1910.1020

Recordkeeping and Hazard Analysis

• First aid supplies and medical service available

• Employees informed of medical results

• Emergency procedures and training, where necessary

1926.34 Egress

• Every building or structure, free &

unobstructed egress from all parts, when

occupied

• No locks to prevent free escape (except

mental & penal institutions)

• Exits marked by readily visible sign

• Means of egress continually maintained

Correct conditionsthat prevent safe

egress

1926.35 Emergency Plans

• In writing• Procedures and routes assigned• Covers actions employees must take to

protect themselves from fire & emergencies

1926.35 Emergency Plans

• Procedures to be followed by employees who remain to operate emergency equipment

• Procedures to account for employees• Rescue & medical duties for employees

who are to perform them

Uninsured Costs• Deductible part of insurance

policy• Lost wages for those not

insured• Wages paid to injured

persons not covered by worker compensation

• Overtime work required as a result of an accident

• Supervisor time related to accident

Uninsured Costs• Repairing, replacing or

cleaning up• Reduced productivity of

injured worker• Learning period for new

worker• Accident investigation cost• Costs to prepare and file

reports• Uninsured medical costs• Costs of litigation

Categories of Accidents

• Contact (struck by, energy source(s), abrasion, etc..

• Caught (in, on, between, under)

• Fall (from elevation or same level)

• Electrocution

Categories of Accidents

• Exertion (stress or strain)

• Exposure (exposed to fume, gas, mist, chemical, etc...)

Construction Safety Programs

• Although compliance with the law, including specific OSHA standards, is an important objective, an effective program looks beyond specific requirements of law to address all hazards.

• It will seek to prevent injuries and illnesses, whether or not compliance is at issue.

Major Program Elements

• Management Commitment and Employee Involvement

• Worksite Analysis

• Hazard Prevention and Control

• Safety and Health Training

Management Commitment and Leadership

• Policy statement: goals established, issued and communicated to employees.

• Program revised annually.• Participation in safety meetings, inspections;

agenda items in meetings.

Management Commitment and Leadership

• Commitment of resources is adequate• Safety rules and procedures incorporated into

site operations• Management observes safety rules

Worksite Analysis

• Conduct comprehensive baseline worksite surveys for safety and health

• Perform routine job hazards analyses.

• Assess risk factors of ergonomics applications to workers' tasks.

Worksite Analysis

• Conduct regular site safety and health inspections.

• Provide a system for employees to notify management about hazardous conditions.

Hazard Prevention and Control

• Use engineering techniques where feasible.

• Establish safe work practices. • Provide personal protective equipment

when engineering controls are infeasible. • Use administrative controls reduce

duration of exposure.

Hazard Prevention and Control

• Maintain the facility and equipment to prevent breakdowns.

• Plan and prepare for emergencies, and conduct training and emergency drills.

• Establish a medical program that includes first aid onsite.

ConstructionSafety

Safety and Health Training

• Ensure that all employees understand and are aware of the hazards to which they may be exposed and the proper methods for avoiding such hazards.

ConstructionSafety

Safety and Health Training

• Maintain physical protection in their work areas.

• Understand their safety and health responsibilities.

ConstructionSafety

Safety and Health Training• Limit certain job assignments to employees

who are "certified," "competent," or "qualified," meaning that they have had special previous training.

• This should be an essential part of every employer's program for protecting workers from accidents and illnesses.

Training and Education

• Supervisors receive basic training

• Specialized training taken when needed

• Employee training program exists, is ongoing, and is effective

Assignment of Responsibility

• Safety designee on site, knowledgeable, and accountable

• Supervisors (including foremen) safety and health responsibilities understood

• Employees adhere to safety rules

Identification and Control of Hazards

• Action taken to address hazards

• Safety Committee, where appropriate

• Technical references available

• Enforcement procedures by management

S & H Program Components Review

• Hazard Analyses - assessment

• Hazard Prevention and control

• Policies and Procedures

• Employee training

• Follow-up Inspections (Audits)

• Enforcement (Discipline)