01. jenis, tujuan, lap
DESCRIPTION
jenis tujuan lapTRANSCRIPT
1 - 1©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Jenis Audit,Jenis Audit,Tujuan Audit, dan Tujuan Audit, dan Laporan AuditLaporan Audit(From Aren’s PPT, modified)(From Aren’s PPT, modified)
Session #1Session #1
1 - 2©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Learning Objective 1Learning Objective 1
Describe auditing.Describe auditing.
1 - 3©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
The Need and RelationshipsThe Need and Relationships
ClientClient
AuditorAuditorClient or auditClient or auditcommittee hirescommittee hiresauditor, auditor, required by law or usersrequired by law or users
ExternalExternalUsersUsers
Auditor issuesAuditor issuesreport reliedreport reliedupon by users, upon by users, provide assuranceprovide assurance
Client reports Client reports to usersto users
Users use reports, Users use reports, for decision making, for decision making, e.g. investment, face riske.g. investment, face risk
1 - 4©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Nature of AuditingNature of Auditing
AuditingAuditing is the is the accumulation accumulation and and evaluationevaluation
of of evidence evidence about about information information to to determinedetermine
and and report report on the on the degree of correspondencedegree of correspondence
between between the information the information and and established criteriaestablished criteria..
Auditing should be done by a competent,Auditing should be done by a competent,independent person.independent person.
1 - 5©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Information and Established CriteriaInformation and Established Criteria
To do anTo do an audit, there must be information in a audit, there must be information in a verifiable formverifiable form and someand some standardsstandards (criteria) (criteria) by which the auditor can by which the auditor can evaluate the information.evaluate the information.
Accumulating Evidence and Evaluating Accumulating Evidence and Evaluating EvidenceEvidence
EvidenceEvidence is any information used by the auditor to determine is any information used by the auditor to determine whether the information being audited is stated in accordance whether the information being audited is stated in accordance with the established criteria.with the established criteria.
1 - 6©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Competent, Independent PersonCompetent, Independent Person
Auditor must be qualified to understand the criteria used and must Auditor must be qualified to understand the criteria used and must be be competentcompetent to know the types and amount of evidence to accum. to know the types and amount of evidence to accum. to reach the proper conclusion after evidence has been examined.to reach the proper conclusion after evidence has been examined.
The competence of the individual performing audit is of little value The competence of the individual performing audit is of little value if he/she is biased in the accumulation and evaluation of evidence.if he/she is biased in the accumulation and evaluation of evidence.
ReportingReporting
The final stage in the auditing process is preparing the The final stage in the auditing process is preparing the Audit ReportAudit Report,, which is the communication of the auditor’s findings to users.which is the communication of the auditor’s findings to users.
1 - 7©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Audit of a Tax Return ExampleAudit of a Tax Return Example
InternalInternalrevenuerevenue
agentagent
Competent,Competent,independentindependent
personperson
Examines cancelledExamines cancelledchecks and otherchecks and other
supporting recordssupporting records
Accumulates andAccumulates andevaluates evidenceevaluates evidence
DeterminesDeterminescorrespondencecorrespondence
Federal taxFederal taxreturns filedreturns filedby taxpayerby taxpayer
InformationInformation
Internal RevenueInternal RevenueCode and allCode and all
interpretationsinterpretations
Established criteriaEstablished criteria
Report on taxReport on taxdeficienciesdeficiencies
Report on resultsReport on results
1 - 8©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Attestation ServicesAttestation Services
1. Audit of historical financial statements1. Audit of historical financial statements
2. Effectiveness of internal control over2. Effectiveness of internal control over financial reportingfinancial reporting
3. Review of historical financial statements3. Review of historical financial statements
4. Other attestation services4. Other attestation services
1 - 9©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Assurance, Attestation, and Assurance, Attestation, and Nonassurance ServicesNonassurance Services
Other Assurance ServicesOther Assurance Services
CertainCertainManagementManagementConsultingConsulting
Other Attestation ServicesOther Attestation Services(e.g., (e.g., WebTrust, SysTrustWebTrust, SysTrust))
ATTESTATION SERVICESATTESTATION SERVICES
AuditsAudits ReviewsReviews
Internal ControlInternal Controlover Financial Reportingover Financial Reporting
ASSURANCE SERVICESASSURANCE SERVICES
1 - 10©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Learning Objective 2Learning Objective 2
Differentiate the threeDifferentiate the three
main types of audits.main types of audits.
1 - 11©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Types of AuditsTypes of Audits
1 - 12©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Operational AuditOperational Audit
ExampleExample Evaluate computerized payroll systemEvaluate computerized payroll systemfor efficiency and effectivenessfor efficiency and effectiveness
InformationInformation Number of records processed, costs ofNumber of records processed, costs ofthe department, and number of errorsthe department, and number of errors
EstablishedEstablishedCriteriaCriteria
Company standards for efficiency andCompany standards for efficiency andeffectiveness, or best practiceeffectiveness, or best practice
AvailableAvailableEvidenceEvidence
Error reports, payroll records, andError reports, payroll records, andpayroll processing costspayroll processing costs
1 - 13©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Compliance AuditCompliance Audit
ExampleExample Determine whether bank requirementsDetermine whether bank requirementsfor loan continuation have been metfor loan continuation have been met
InformationInformation Company recordsCompany records
EstablishedEstablishedCriteriaCriteria
Loan agreement provisions, Loan agreement provisions, or law/regulationor law/regulation
AvailableAvailableEvidenceEvidence
Financial statements andFinancial statements andcalculations by the auditorcalculations by the auditor
1 - 14©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Financial Statement AuditFinancial Statement Audit
ExampleExample Annual audit of Boeing’sAnnual audit of Boeing’sfinancial statementsfinancial statements
InformationInformation Boeing's financial statementsBoeing's financial statements
EstablishedEstablishedCriteriaCriteria
Generally accepted accountingGenerally accepted accountingprinciplesprinciples
AvailableAvailableEvidenceEvidence
Documents, records, and outsideDocuments, records, and outsidesources of evidencesources of evidence
1 - 15©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Learning Objective 3Learning Objective 3
Explain:Explain:
- Objective of conducting an audit of FS- Objective of conducting an audit of FS
- Management assertion and its - Management assertion and its correlation to FS Audit.correlation to FS Audit.
1 - 16©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Steps to Develop Audit ObjectivesSteps to Develop Audit ObjectivesUnderstand objectives andUnderstand objectives andresponsibilities for the audit.responsibilities for the audit.
11
22 Divide financial statements into cycles.Divide financial statements into cycles.
33 Know management assertions about accounts.Know management assertions about accounts.
Know general audit objectives forKnow general audit objectives forclasses of transactions and accounts.classes of transactions and accounts.44
55Know specific audit objectives forKnow specific audit objectives forclasses of transactions and accounts.classes of transactions and accounts.
1 - 17©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Objective of Conducting an Audit of FSObjective of Conducting an Audit of FS
Provide an opinion of the fairness with which they present fairly, Provide an opinion of the fairness with which they present fairly, in all respects, financial position, result of operations, and in all respects, financial position, result of operations, and its cash flows in conformity with GAAP.its cash flows in conformity with GAAP.
Auditor’s ResponsibilitiesAuditor’s Responsibilities–– Material versus immaterial misstatementsMaterial versus immaterial misstatements–– Reasonable assuranceReasonable assurance–– Errors versus fraudErrors versus fraud–– Professional skepticismProfessional skepticism–– Fraud resulting from fraudulent financialFraud resulting from fraudulent financial
reporting versus misappropriation of assetsreporting versus misappropriation of assets
1 - 18©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Sub Learning Objective 3Sub Learning Objective 3
Understand the 5 categories of Understand the 5 categories of
management assertionsmanagement assertions
1 - 19©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Management AssertionsManagement Assertions
1. Existence or occurrence1. Existence or occurrence
2. Completeness2. Completeness
3. Valuation or allocation3. Valuation or allocation
4. Rights and obligations4. Rights and obligations
5. Presentation and disclosure5. Presentation and disclosure
1 - 20©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Transaction-Related Audit Objectives and Transaction-Related Audit Objectives and Management AssertionsManagement Assertions
Management AssertionsManagement AssertionsGeneral Transaction-General Transaction-
Related Audit ObjectivesRelated Audit Objectives
Existence or occurrenceExistence or occurrence
CompletenessCompleteness
Valuation or allocationValuation or allocation
ExistenceExistence
CompletenessCompleteness
AccuracyAccuracyClassificationClassificationTimingTimingPosting and summarizationPosting and summarization
Rights and obligationsRights and obligations
Presentation and disclosurePresentation and disclosure
N/AN/A
N/AN/A
1 - 21©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
ExistenceExistence Recorded transactions exist.Recorded transactions exist.
CompletenessCompleteness Existing transactions are recorded.Existing transactions are recorded.
AccuracyAccuracy Recorded transactions are stated Recorded transactions are stated at the correct amounts.at the correct amounts.
Transaction-Related Audit Obj. and Mgt AssertionsTransaction-Related Audit Obj. and Mgt Assertions
ClassificationClassification Transactions are properly classified.Transactions are properly classified.
TimingTiming Transactions are recorded on Transactions are recorded on the correct dates.the correct dates.
Posting andPosting andsummarizationsummarization
Trans. are included in the master Trans. are included in the master files and are correctly summarized.files and are correctly summarized.
1 - 22©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Assertions and Balance-Related Audit Obj.Assertions and Balance-Related Audit Obj.
Management AssertionsManagement AssertionsGeneral BalanceGeneral Balance
Related Audit ObjectivesRelated Audit Objectives
Existence or occurrenceExistence or occurrence
CompletenessCompleteness
Valuation or allocationValuation or allocation
ExistenceExistence
CompletenessCompleteness
AccuracyAccuracyClassificationClassificationCut-off, Detail tie-inCut-off, Detail tie-inRealizable valueRealizable value
Rights and obligationsRights and obligations
Presentation and disclosurePresentation and disclosure
Rights and obligationsRights and obligations
Presentation and disclosurePresentation and disclosure
1 - 23©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
ExistenceExistence Amounts included exist.Amounts included exist.
CompletenessCompleteness Existing amounts are included.Existing amounts are included.
AccuracyAccuracy Amounts included are stated at Amounts included are stated at the correct amounts.the correct amounts.
General Balance-Related Audit ObjectivesGeneral Balance-Related Audit Objectives
ClassificationClassification Amounts are properly classified.Amounts are properly classified.
CutoffCutoff Trans. recorded in the proper period.Trans. recorded in the proper period.
1 - 24©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Detail tie-inDetail tie-in Account balances agree with master Account balances agree with master file amounts, and with the GLfile amounts, and with the GL
Realizable valueRealizable value Assets are included atAssets are included atestimated realizable value.estimated realizable value.
Rights andRights andobligationsobligations Assets must be owned.Assets must be owned.
PresentationPresentationand disclosureand disclosure
Account balances and disclosures Account balances and disclosures are presented in FS.are presented in FS.
General Balance-Related Audit ObjectivesGeneral Balance-Related Audit Objectives
1 - 25©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Explain the relationship betweenExplain the relationship between
audit objectives and theaudit objectives and the
accumulation of audit evidence.accumulation of audit evidence.
1 - 26©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
How Audit Objectives Are MetHow Audit Objectives Are Met
The auditor must obtain sufficient competentThe auditor must obtain sufficient competentaudit evidence to support all managementaudit evidence to support all managementassertions in the financial statements.assertions in the financial statements.
An audit process is a methodologyAn audit process is a methodologyfor organizing an audit.for organizing an audit.
1 - 27©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Four Phases of a Financial Four Phases of a Financial Statement AuditStatement Audit
Phase IPhase IPlan and designPlan and designan audit approach.an audit approach.
Phase IIPhase II
Perform tests ofPerform tests ofcontrols andcontrols andsubstantive testssubstantive testsof transactions.of transactions.
Phase IIIPhase III
Perform analyticalPerform analyticalprocedures andprocedures andtests of detailstests of detailsof balances.of balances.
Phase IVPhase IVComplete theComplete theaudit and issueaudit and issuean audit report.an audit report.
1 - 28©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Learning Objective 4Learning Objective 4
Financial Audit ReportingFinancial Audit Reporting
1 - 29©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Parts of the StandardParts of the StandardUnqualified Audit ReportUnqualified Audit Report
1. Report title1. Report title2. Audit report address2. Audit report address3. Introductory paragraph3. Introductory paragraph4. Scope paragraph4. Scope paragraph5. Opinion paragraph5. Opinion paragraph6. Name of CPA firm6. Name of CPA firm7. Audit report date7. Audit report date
1 - 30©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Conditions for Conditions for Standard Unqualified Audit ReportStandard Unqualified Audit Report1. All financial statements are included.1. All financial statements are included.
2. The three general standards have been2. The three general standards have beenfollowed in all respects on the engagement.followed in all respects on the engagement.
3. Sufficient evidence has been accumulated to conclude 3. Sufficient evidence has been accumulated to conclude that the three standards of field work have been met.that the three standards of field work have been met.
4. The FS are presented in accordance w/ GAAP4. The FS are presented in accordance w/ GAAP ..
5. No circumstances requiring the addition of an explanatory 5. No circumstances requiring the addition of an explanatory paragraph or modification of the wording of the report.paragraph or modification of the wording of the report.
1 - 31©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Four Categories of Audit ReportsFour Categories of Audit Reports
Standard unqualifiedStandard unqualified
QualifiedQualified
Unqualified withUnqualified withexplanatory paragraphexplanatory paragraph
or modified wordingor modified wording
Adverse or disclaimerAdverse or disclaimer
1 - 32©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Sub Learning Objective 4Sub Learning Objective 4
Describe the 5 circumstances, when Describe the 5 circumstances, when
an unqualified report with:an unqualified report with:
- An explanatory paragraph, or - An explanatory paragraph, or
- Modified wording is appropriate.- Modified wording is appropriate.
1 - 33©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Unqualified Report with Unqualified Report with Explanatory ParagraphExplanatory Paragraph
1. Lack of consistent application of GAAP1. Lack of consistent application of GAAP2. Substantial doubt about going concern2. Substantial doubt about going concern3. Auditor agrees with a departure from3. Auditor agrees with a departure from
promulgated accounting principlespromulgated accounting principles4. Emphasis of a matter4. Emphasis of a matter5. Reports involving other auditors5. Reports involving other auditors
1 - 34©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Consistency Versus ComparabilityConsistency Versus Comparability
Changes that affect consistency and requireChanges that affect consistency and requirean explanatory paragraph if they are material:an explanatory paragraph if they are material:
1. Changes in accounting principles1. Changes in accounting principles2. Changes in reporting entities2. Changes in reporting entities3. Corrections of errors involving principles3. Corrections of errors involving principles
Changes that affect comparability but not consistency:Changes that affect comparability but not consistency:
1. Changes in an estimate1. Changes in an estimate2. Error corrections not involving principles2. Error corrections not involving principles3. Variations in format and presentation of financial inf.3. Variations in format and presentation of financial inf.4. Changes because of substantially diff. trans. or events4. Changes because of substantially diff. trans. or events
1 - 35©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Substantial Doubt About Going ConcernSubstantial Doubt About Going Concern1. Sig. recurring operating losses or1. Sig. recurring operating losses or working cap. deficienciesworking cap. deficiencies2. Inability of the comp. to pay its obligations as come due2. Inability of the comp. to pay its obligations as come due3. Loss of major customers, the occurrence of uninsured 3. Loss of major customers, the occurrence of uninsured catastrophescatastrophes4. Legal proceedings, legislation that might jeopardize the entity’s 4. Legal proceedings, legislation that might jeopardize the entity’s ability to operateability to operate
Auditor Agrees with a Departure from Auditor Agrees with a Departure from a Promulgated Principlea Promulgated Principle
The auditor must be satisfied and must state and explain, in The auditor must be satisfied and must state and explain, in a separate paragraph(s) in the audit report, that adhering to a separate paragraph(s) in the audit report, that adhering to the principle would‘ve produced a misleading result in that situationthe principle would‘ve produced a misleading result in that situation
1 - 36©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Emphasis of a MatterEmphasis of a Matter
Under certain circumstances, the CPA may want to emphasize Under certain circumstances, the CPA may want to emphasize specific matters regarding the FS, even though the CPA intends specific matters regarding the FS, even though the CPA intends to express an unqualified opinion.to express an unqualified opinion.
Reports Involving Other AuditorsReports Involving Other Auditors
1. Make no reference in the audit report.1. Make no reference in the audit report.
3. Qualify the opinion.3. Qualify the opinion.
2. Make reference in the report (modified wording report).2. Make reference in the report (modified wording report).
1 - 37©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Sub Learning Objective 4Sub Learning Objective 4
Identify the types of audit reportsIdentify the types of audit reports
that can be issued when anthat can be issued when an
unqualified opinion is not justified.unqualified opinion is not justified.
1 - 38©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Departures from anDepartures from anUnqualified OpinionUnqualified Opinion
1. Scope limitation1. Scope limitation
2. GAAP departure2. GAAP departure
3. Auditor not independent3. Auditor not independent
1 - 39©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Qualified OpinionQualified Opinion
A A qualified opinionqualified opinion report can result from a limitation on report can result from a limitation on the scope of the audit or failure to follow GAAP.the scope of the audit or failure to follow GAAP.
Adverse OpinionAdverse OpinionIt is used only when the auditor believes that the overall FS areIt is used only when the auditor believes that the overall FS areso materially misstated or misleading that they do not present so materially misstated or misleading that they do not present fairly the financial position or results of operations and cashfairly the financial position or results of operations and cashflows in conformity with GAAP.flows in conformity with GAAP.
Disclaimer of OpinionDisclaimer of Opinion
It is issued when the auditor is unable to be satisfied that It is issued when the auditor is unable to be satisfied that the overall FS are fairly presented.the overall FS are fairly presented.
1 - 40©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Sub Learning ObjectiveSub Learning Objective
Explain how materiality affectsExplain how materiality affects
audit reporting decisions.audit reporting decisions.
1 - 41©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Scope Restricted by Client or Other ConditionsScope Restricted by Client or Other Conditions
ImmaterialImmaterial MaterialMaterial
Level of MaterialityLevel of MaterialityExtremelyExtremelyMaterialMaterial
UnqualifiedUnqualifiedreportreport
Qualified scope, additional paragraph, Qualified scope, additional paragraph, and qualified opinion (except for)and qualified opinion (except for)
DisclaimerDisclaimerof opinionof opinion
Statements Not Prepared in Accordance With GAAPStatements Not Prepared in Accordance With GAAP
ImmaterialImmaterial MaterialMaterial
Level of MaterialityLevel of Materiality
ExtremelyExtremelyMaterialMaterial
UnqualifiedUnqualifiedreportreport
Additional paragraph and qualified Additional paragraph and qualified opinion (except for)opinion (except for)
AdverseAdverseopinionopinion
1 - 42©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
The Auditor Is Not IndependentThe Auditor Is Not Independent
ImmaterialImmaterial MaterialMaterial
Level of MaterialityLevel of Materiality
ExtremelyExtremelyMaterialMaterial
Disclaimer of opinionDisclaimer of opinion(regardless of materiality)(regardless of materiality)
1 - 43©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
End of Session 1End of Session 1
1 - 44©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, ©2006 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Auditing 11/e,Auditing 11/e, Arens/Beasley/Elder Arens/Beasley/Elder
Tugas: (tulis tangan)Tugas: (tulis tangan)
1.1. Jelaskan definisi audit? Berikan penjelasan elemen-elemen dari definisi Jelaskan definisi audit? Berikan penjelasan elemen-elemen dari definisi tersebut.tersebut.
2.2. Sebutkan dan jelaskan 3 tipe audit? Uraikan persamaan dan Sebutkan dan jelaskan 3 tipe audit? Uraikan persamaan dan perbedaannya?perbedaannya?
3.3. Jelaskan tujuan audit keuangan?Jelaskan tujuan audit keuangan?
4.4. Jelaskan definisi asersi manajemen? Jelaskan 5 asersi manajemen?Jelaskan definisi asersi manajemen? Jelaskan 5 asersi manajemen?
5.5. Sebutkan dan jelaskan 3 jenis utama opini dalam laporan audit Sebutkan dan jelaskan 3 jenis utama opini dalam laporan audit keuangan?keuangan?
6.6. Dapatkan dari internet 1 contoh unqulified opinion laporan audit Dapatkan dari internet 1 contoh unqulified opinion laporan audit keuangan (tidak termasuk LK Perusahaannya). Lalu, print, dan keuangan (tidak termasuk LK Perusahaannya). Lalu, print, dan kemudian identifikasi 7 parts Laporan Audit dengan Unqualified Opinion kemudian identifikasi 7 parts Laporan Audit dengan Unqualified Opinion dalam laporan tersebut. dalam laporan tersebut.