KEERTHiModelingPurposeIn modeling,youcan createand editall theobjectsandrulesof the Administrator Workbench thatareneeded for data transport, update and analysis !ou can also e"ecute functions related to these The objects are displayedinmodelingina tree structure The objects are sortedhere accordingtohierarchical criteria !oucanselect the correspondingmaintenance dialogor carryout the rele#antfunctionsfromtheconte"t menu$right mouseclick% &oubleclickingonanobject bringsyoutothecorresponding maintenance dialog ProcessThebasicinformationstores in'WareInfo(bjects)singInfo(bjects, Informationis mappedinastructuredformThisisre*uiredforconstructingdatatargets&ataistransferredfromspecifiedsourcesystemsinto'W'yapplyingtransferrules, Info(bjectsthatlogicallybelongtogetheraregroupintoInfo+ources The data is then updated into data targets, if necessary using update rules The data is finallymade a#ailable to the Info,ro#ider so that it can be e#aluated in *ueriesInfoObjectDefinition'usinesse#aluationobjects$customers salesre#enues,% arekno-nin'WasInfo(bjects Theyaredi#ided into characteristics, keyfigures, units, time characteristics and technical characteristics $fore"ample, re*uest number%Info(bjects -ithattributesorte"tscanbeeither apuredatatargetoranInfo,ro#ider$ifit isbeingreported%UseInfo(bjects are the basic information pro#iders of 'W They structure the information needed to createdata targets StructureThecharacteristicsof an Info(bject are reference objects $keys% -ithinterrelated dimensions $fore"ample, .region/ and.land/ arethegeographical dimensionsof.customer/%Timecharacteristicsarecharacteristics that are assigned to the dimension of time Their dependencies are therefore already kno-n,because time is predefined The key figures of an Info(bject form the data part That is, they deli#er the#alues that you -ant to report on Key figures can be *uantities, amounts or number of items These #aluesmust ha#eunitstogi#ethemmeaning Thetechnical characteristicsof anInfo(bject are onlyofstructural use -ithin 'W An e"ample is the re*uest number, -hich is taken -hen you load a re*uest andhelps you find the re*uest at a later dateInfo(bjects are structured by attributes and0or hierarchiesThe company location can be an attribute of.customer/ !oucanusethesetoformcustomer groups for aspecificregion !oucanalsodefineahierarchy to make the structure of the characteristic .customer/ more clear in its o#er#ie-Integration1 !omponent of an InfoSourceAn Info+ource is al-ays a *uantity of Info(bjects that logically belong together " InfoSources #ith $le%ible UpdatingAnInfo+ource -ithfle"ibleupdatingcanbeupdatedinanydata targets $-iththee"ception of hierarchies% )pdate rules are created for this Info+ourceInfo(bjects can be used in as many Info+ources and Info1ubes0(&+ objects asyou -ant& InfoSources #ith Direct Updating2aster data $characteristics -ith attributes, te"ts or hierarchies% of an Info(bject can be-ritten directly $-ithout update rules% to the master data table -ith an Info+ource -ithdirect updating' !reating a Data Target(InfoPro)iderAn Info1ube0(&+ object consists of a number of Info(bjectsKEERTHio The characteristics, units and time characteristics are essentially the key fields0data fieldsof the Info1ube0(&+ object o The key figures are the data fields $or facts% or #alues of the Info1ube0(&+ object InfoObject !atalogDefinitionAnInfo(bject catalogisacollectionofInfo(bjectsgroupedaccordingtoapplication3specificcriteriaThere are t-o types of Info(bject catalogs4 Characteristic and Key figure.UseAn Info(bject catalog is assigned to an InfoAreaIt is also purely an organi5ational aid, and is not for intended for reporting purposes6or e"ample, all the Info(bjects that are used for reporting in the area of 7+ales and &istribution7, can begrouped together in one Info(bject catalog This makes it much easier for you to handle -hat might turnout to be a #ery large number of Info(bjects for any gi#en conte"tAn Info(bject can be included in se#eral Info(bject catalogs!ou can choose an Info(bject catalog to use as a filter for the template -hen you are defining an Info1ubeor an (&+ object!reating InfoObject !atalogsProcedure8 1reate an InfoArea, to -hich you -ant to assign the ne- Info(bject catalog This function is onthe first le#el of the hierarchy in the Administrator Workbench under Info(bjects 9 )se the right mouse button to create an Info(bject catalog in the InfoArea If you -ant to make acopy of an e"isting Info(bject catalog, specify a reference Info(bject catalog : 1hoose either Characteristic or Key Figure for the Info(bject type, and choose Create ; Alist of all Info(bjects is displayed )se the pushbuttons to filter this list according toInfo+ource, (&+ object, Info1ube, or Info(bject catalog < )se the arro- buttons to transfer the Info(bjects you -ant to use into the Info(bject catalog = Acti#ate the Info(bject catalog*dditional InfoObject !atalog $unctionsInfo $unctionsThere are #arious info3functions on the status of the Info1ube 1atalog4 the log display for acti#ation and deletion runs of the Info(bject 1atalog, the current system settings, the object catalog entrySpecial $unctions Navigation for InfoObject maintenance:,ushbuttons allo- you to create,displayand changeindi#idual Info(bjects >ote that changes toInfo(bjects applytoall the places -here theInfo(bjects are used? Display active / S! version:When you are editing the Info(bject 1atalog, you can display itsacti#e #ersion, or the #ersion deli#ered by +A, $if a#ailable% "ransfer S! version: )sing this function, the 7&7 #ersion of the Info(bject 1atalog deli#ered by+A, is transferred to the sa#ed 7A7 #ersionInfo(bject 1atalogs are only a#ailable in the 7A7 or 7&7 #ersion, meaning eitheracti#ely or as an +A, deli#ery object In order to keep things simple, the sa#ed#ersion 727 does not apply An Info(bject 1atalog is therefore acti#ateddirectly, but not sa#ed Delete InfoObject Catalog:This function deletes the complete Info(bject 1atalog in itsdefinitionInfoObject +aming !on)entionsUseAs is the case for other objects in 'W, the customer namespace A3@ is also reser#ed for Info(bjectsWhenyoucreate anInfo(bject, thename yougi#e it has tobegin-itha letter 'usiness 1ontentInfo(bjects start -ith the number AIntegrationKEERTHiIf you change an Info(bject that is in the +A, namespace, your changes are not o#er-ritten immediately-hen you install a ne- release, and your changes remain in place'usiness 1ontent Info(bjects are initially deli#ered in the & #ersion An Info(bject is acti#ated after youha#einstalledit from'usiness1ontent If youchangetheacti#atedInfo(bject, ane-2#ersionisgenerated When this 2 #ersion is acti#ated, it o#er-rites the pre#ious acti#e #ersion*cti)ities>ote, -hen you are determining naming con#entions for Info(bjects, that the length of an Info(bject isrestricted to B characters!reating InfoObjects, !haracteristicsPrere-uisitesIf you -ant to assign your Info(bject to an Info(bject catalog for characteristics, you ha#e to first createthe Info(bject !ou do not ha#e to assign the Info(bject to an Info(bject catalog immediately, but rather ata later date if you -ould likeInstead of creating a ne- Info(bject,you can choose an Info(bject from those deli#ered by +A, -ith'usiness 1ontent Procedure8 )sing the conte"t menu, select Create InfoObject from your Info(bject catalog for characteristics9 Enter a name and a description : +pecify a reference characteristicor a template Info(bject If you choose a template Info(bject,transfer its properties for your ne- characteristic so that you can then edit them ; 1onfirm your entries < 2aintain the Tabstrip4 Ceneral !ou must enter at least the description, data type, and data lengthAll the follo-ing settings and tabstrips are optional = 2aintain the Tabstrip4 'usiness E"plorer D 2aintain the Tabstrip4 2aster &ata0Te"ts E 2aintain the Tabstrip4 Hierarchy B 2aintain the Tabstrip4 Attributes 8A 2aintain the Tabstrip4 1ompounding 88 Save and Activate the characteristic you ha#e created 1haracteristics ha#e to be activated before they can be usedSavemeansthatallchangedcharacteristicsarecreated, andthat thetableentriesaresa#ed 1urrently,ho-e#er, theycannot beusedforreportinginInfo1ubes 6orthetimebeing, ifit alreadye"ists, theactivated, older #ersion remains unchanged here(nlyonceyouha#eactivated,aretherele#ant objects createdinthedatadictionary$dataelements,domains, te"t tables, master datatables, andprograms% (nlyno-dotheInfo1ubes -ork-iththeacti#ated, ne- #ersionIn the Info(bject maintenance, you can s-itch at any time bet-een any &, 2, or A #ersions that e"ist foran Info(bjectInfoObject +aming !on)entionsUseAs is the case for other objects in 'W, the customer namespace A3@ is also reser#ed for Info(bjectsWhenyoucreate anInfo(bject, thename yougi#e it has tobegin-itha letter 'usiness 1ontentInfo(bjects start -ith the number AIntegrationIf you change an Info(bject that is in the +A, namespace, your changes are not o#er-ritten immediately-hen you install a ne- release, and your changes remain in place'usiness 1ontent Info(bjects are initially deli#ered in the & #ersion An Info(bject is acti#ated after youha#einstalledit from'usiness1ontent If youchangetheacti#atedInfo(bject, ane-2#ersionisgenerated When this 2 #ersion is acti#ated, it o#er-rites the pre#ious acti#e #ersion*cti)ities>ote, -hen you are determining naming con#entions for Info(bjects, that the length of an Info(bject isrestricted to B charactersKEERTHiTab Page, .eneralUseIn this tab page, you determine the basic properties of the characteristicStructureDictionary+pecify the data typeand the data length The system pro#ides you -ith a list to choose from in the 6;HelpThe follo-ing data types are supported for characteristics41har4>umbers and letters 1haracter length 8 3 =A>umc4 >umbers only 1haracter length 8 3 =A&ats4 &ate 1haracter length ETims4 Time 1haracter length =6or authori5ations, only the first :9 characters are interpretedMiscellaneous/o#ercase letters allo#ed ( not allo#edIf this indicator is set, the system differentiates bet-een lo-ercase letters and capital letters -hen you use ascreen template to input #alues If this indicator is not set, the system con#erts all the letters into capitalletters -hen you use a screen template to input #aluesIf you choose to allo- the use of lo-ercase letters, you must be a-are of -hat happens-hen you input #ariables4If you -ant to use the characteristic in #ariables, the system is only able to find the #aluesfor the characteristic if the lo-ercase letters and the capital letters are typed in accuratelyontheinput screenfor#ariables If, ontheotherhand, youdonot allo-theuseoflo-ercase letters, anycharacters that youtype ontotheinput screen, are con#ertedautomatically into capital letters0%clusi)e attributes,If you select exclusive attribute, the created characteristic can be used only as a display attribute for anothercharacteristic, and not as an independent characteristic or na#igation attribute in the Info1ube0(&+ object!ou can choose the o!er"Case etters option as a characteristic #alue for the 1HAR field type If you use lo-ercase letters in an attribute, the system is unable to create a master datatable Theattributecannot ha#eanyhierarchies, nor canit beusedasana#igationattribute!haracteristic is a Property of a Document !ou can specify that a characteristic be used as a document property This enables you to assign a comment$this can be any document% to a combination of characteristic #alues and a key figure +ee also &ocuments+inceitdoesnot make sense touse this commentfunctionforall characteristics, youneed to identify e"plicitly the characteristics that you -ant to appear in the comments If you use this property, the system generates a property $attribute% for this characteristic in the metamodelof the document management system 6or technical reasons, this property $attribute% has to be -ritten to a$dummy% transport re*uest $the appropriate dialog bo" appears% but it is not actually transported!onstants'y assigning a constantto a characteristic, you gi#e it a fi"ed #alue This means that the characteristic isa#ailable onthe database $for #erifications, for e"ample% but is nolonger rele#ant toreporting$noKEERTHiaggregation0 drilldo-nis possiblefor this characteristic% Assigninga constant is most useful -ithcompounded characteristicsThe storage locationcharacteristic is compounded -ith the plantcharacteristic If onlyone plant is e#er run -ithin the application, a constant can be assigned to the plant The#erificationforthestorage3locationmastertablerunscorrectly-iththis#aluefortheplant In the *uery, ho-e#er, only the storage location appears as a characteristicSpecial !ase,If you -ant to assign the +,A1E constant $type 1HAR% or AAA $type >)21% to thecharacteristic, type F in the first positionTransfer 1outineWhenyoucreateatransferroutine, itis#alidgloballyforthecharacteristic, andisincludedinallthetransferrules If, fore"ample, youuploaddatafrom#arioussourcesystems, youneedtomaintainthetransfer routine only once (n the other hand, -hen you maintain the transfer rules bet-een the transferstructure and the communication structure, you ha#e the option of assigning a local transfer routine to acharacteristic If you ha#e created a local and a global transfer routine, both are used $the local transferroutine first, and then the global transfer routine%Tab Page, 2usiness 0%plorerUseIn this tab page, you determine for the characteristics the properties that are re*uired for reporting purposesin the 'usiness E"plorerStructure.eneral Settings/ayoutThe layout describes the contents of the leading column for this characteristic in the 'usiness E"plorerThere are #arious display options to choose from4 no display, text, #ey, text and #ey, long text, or $ediu$text 1hoose a display optionTe%t SelectionIn this field, you set -hich te"t appears for this characteristic in the 'usiness E"plorer 1hoose bet-een thelong and short descriptions of the characteristic SelectionThe selection describes if and ho- the characteristic #alues ha#e to be restricted in *ueries If you choosethe uni%ue for every cell option, the characteristic must be restricted to one #alue in e#ery column and ine#ery structure of all the *ueries !ou are not able to use this characteristic in aggregates Typical e"amplesof this kind of characteristic are &lan'actual I(, or )alue typeInput 3elp in the 4uery DefinitionThis field tells you from -hich database table the #alues for the input help in the *uery definition are taken)sually, the #alues in the input help are taken from the master data table With characteristics that do notha#e master data tables, the #alues are taken from the +I& table instead In many cases it makes more senseto display only those #alues that are also contained in the dimension of an Info1ubeInput 3elp in the 4uery 0%ecutionThis field tells you ho- the #alues for the input help are determined -hen a *uery is e"ecuted)sually, -hen *ueries are e"ecuted, the #alues in the input help are determined by the data that is selectedby the *uery This means that only the #alues for -hich data has been selected in the current na#igationstatus are displayedIn many cases, ho-e#er, it can makes sense to include additional #alues This is -hy the *sing (i$ensionsand *sing +aster (ata ,able settings are also acti#e!urrency *ttributes!ou can choose a currency type unit3Info(bject that you ha#e created as an attribute for the characteristicThis currency is used as the default target currency for the currency translation in the 'usiness E"plorer*uthori5ation 1ele)anceWith characteristics, you decide -hether a particular characteristic is included in the authori5ation check-hene#er you are -orking -ith the *uery KEERTHi6lag a characteristic as authori-ation"relevant if you -ant to create authori5ations that restrict the selectionconditions for this characteristic to single characteristic #alues (nly flag the characteristic asnot authori-ation"relevant, if it is no longer being used as a field for theauthori5ation object Integration!oucane"ecutethegeocoding-iththehelpof the Arc)ie!.ISfro$/S0Isoft-are 'eyondthegeocoding, ArcGie-offers alargescopeof functions for special geographical *uestionsthat arenotco#ered by the 'usiness Information Warehouse solution With ArcGie-, you can create your o-n maps Hfor e"ample, a map of your sales regions !ou can find more detailed information about this in the ArcGie-documentationA #oucher -ith -hich you can orderArc)ie! .IS fro$ /S0Iis contained in the scope of supply for theSA& 1usiness Infor$ation 2arehouseThe scope of supply also contains a 1& de#eloped specially by +A, and E+RI The 1& contains a range ofmaps co#ering the -hole -orld in #arious le#els of detail All maps on this data 1& are already optimi5edfor implementation -ith the 'usiness Information Warehouse The dbf files for the maps already containthe column +A,'WKE! that is predefined -ith default #alues 6or e"ample, the -orld map $cntry9AA% inthecolumn+A,'WKE!alreadycontains thetypical #alues in+A,systems for countries !oucanimmediately use this map to geographically e#aluate your data H no +A,'WKE!maintenance isnecessary!ou can apply directly to E+RI for additional detailed maps in E+RI shape file formatTab Page, Master Data(Te%tsUseIn this tab page, you determine -hether the characteristic has access to master data and0or te"ts Structure6ith Master Data&etermine here -hether the characteristic has master data !ou ha#e to create a master data table for acharacteristic if you -ant the characteristic to ha#e attributesWhenyouselect thisoption, thesystemgeneratesamasterdatatable )singthe maintainmasterdatafunction, you branch to the corresponding maintenance dialogThe master data table has a time3dependent and a time3independent part &etermine in attributemaintenance -hether an attribute is time3dependent or not!ou cannot use time3dependent na#igation attributes in aggregates6ith Te%tsHere, you determine -hether the characteristic has te"tsIf youdo-ant thecharacteristictoha#ete"ts, youmust select at least onete"t Theshort te"t $9Acharacters% option is acti#e by default, but you can also choose medium te"ts $;A characters% or long te"ts$=A characters%/anguage7Dependent Te%ts!ou can choose -hether or not you -ant the te"ts in the te"t table to be language3dependent or not If youdecide that you -ant the te"ts to be language3dependent, the language becomes a key field in the te"t tableIf you decide that you do not -ant the te"ts to be language3dependent, the te"t table does not get a languagefield+ome 'usiness 1ontent characteristics,for e"ample, customer $A1)+T(2ER%, do notneed to be language3dependent Time7Dependent Te%tsIf you -ant the te"ts to be time3dependent, meaning that you -ant the date to be included in the key of thete"t table, you make the appropriate settings here Maintaining Master Data #ith *uthori5ation !hecksIf you set this indicator, you are able to use authori5ations to protect the master data and te"ts for thischaracteristic frombeingmaintainedillegallyonthesinglerecords le#el If this optionis acti#ated,characteristic #ariables can be entered, for -hich the user has authori5ation !ou can do this in the profilegenerator $transaction4 ,61C% using the authori5ation object +ITA')IJI> for each key field of the masterKEERTHidatatable 6ore"ample, youcanauthori5euser A tomaintainthe#alues8AAAH8BBB, anduser'tomaintain the #alues 9AAA3 39BBBIf you do not set this indicator, you ha#e the option of allo-ing or blocking the maintenance of master dataas a -hole $for all characteristic #alues%ODS Object for !hecking !haracteristic 8aluesIf you create an (&+ object for checking the characteristic #alues in a characteristic, in the update rules andin the transfer rules, the #alid #alues for the characteristic are determined from the (&+ object and notfrom the master data The characteristic itself and all the fields in the compound must be included as keyfields in the (&+ object!haracteristic isan InfoSource,If you-ant toturnacharacteristicintoanInfo+ource -ithdirect updating, youha#etoassignanapplication component to the characteristic The characteristic is subse*uently displayed in the Info+ourcetreeintheAdministrator Workbench !ouareabletoassign&ata+ources andsourcesystems tothecharacteristic from here !ou are also able to load master data, te"ts, and hierarchies for the characteristicIn the follo-ing cases you are not able to turn an Info(bject into an Info+ource -ith direct updating4 The characteristic that you -ant to modify is characteristic A+()R+!+TE2 $source system I&% The characteristic has no master data, no te"ts, and no hierarchies H there is no point in loadingdata for this kind of characteristic The characteristic that you -ant to modify turns out to be a unit or a key figureIf you -ant to generate an e"port3&ata+ource for a characteristic, the characteristic has to be an Info+ource-ith direct updating H meaning that it has to be assigned to an application componenta Data Target ( InfoPro)ider,This indicator sho-s you -hether the characteristic is a data target or an Info,ro#iderIf you -ant to turn a characteristic into a data target, you ha#e to assign an InfoArea to the characteristicThe characteristic is subse*uently displayed in the Info,ro#ider tree in the Administrator Workbench !oucandetermineupdaterules for thecharacteristic, andusethemtoloadmaster dataandte"ts tothecharacteristic!ou can turn a characteristic into a data target only if the characteristic contains te"ts or master data At thepresent time, it is not possible to use update rules to load hierarchiesA characteristic that has master data and is assigned to an InfoArea is also an Info,ro#ider This means thatyou are able to define *ueries for the characteristic, or rather for the master data of the characteristic In thiscase, ontheAttributestabpage, youareabletos-itch3ondual3le#el na#igationattributes$na#igationattributes for na#igation attributes% for this characteristic in its role as Info,ro#ideran 0%port7DataSource,If this indicator is set, you are able to e"tract into other 'W systems the master data, te"ts, and hierarchiesthat are in the characteristic Tab page, 3ierarchyUseIf you -ant to create a hierarchy, or upload an e"isting hierarchy from a source system, you ha#e to set the!ithhierarchyindicatorThesystemgeneratesahierarchytable-ithhierarchical relationshipsforthecharacteristic!ou are able to determine the follo-ing properties for the hierarchy4 Whether or not you -ant to create hierarchy #ersions for a hierarchy Whether you -ant the entire hierarchy or just the hierarchy structure to be time3dependent Whether you -ant to allo- the use of hierarchy inter#als Whether you -ant to acti#ate the sign re#ersal function for nodes -hich characteristics are permitted in the hierarchy nodes4 If you -ant to load your hierarchy #iathe ,+A, you must select Info(bjects for the hierarchy basis characteristic that are to be uploadedas -ell All characteristics selected here are included in the communication structure for hierarchynodes together -ith the characteristics compounded to them 6or hierarchies that are loaded #iaI&oc,-e recommend you also select the permitted Info(bjects,since this makes the hierarchymore transparent because in this case, only the #alid characteristics can be selected KEERTHiIf you do not select an Info(bject here, only te"t nodes are allo-ed to be internal nodesin hierarchies Tab Page, *ttributesUse(n this tab page, you determine -hether or not the characteristic has attributes or na#igation attributes, andif so, -hich properties they ha#eStructureAttributes are Info(bjects that e"ist already, and that are assigned logically to the ne- characteristic Thereare the follo-ing -ays to maintain attributes for a characteristic4 1hoose attributes from the Attributes of the Assigned (ataSources list )se 6; Help for the fields that are ready for input in the Attributes of the Characteristic list, todisplay all the Info(bjects 1hoose the attributes that you need IntheAttributeslist, specifydirectlyinthefields that arereadyfor input thenameof anInfo(bject that you -ant to use as an attribute3 If the Info(bject that you -ant to use does not yete"ist, you ha#e the option of creating a ne- Info(bject at this point Any ne- Info(bjects that youcreate are inacti#e They are acti#ated -hen the e"isting Info(bject is acti#atedProperties1hoose (etail ' 4avigation Attribute to get to the detailed #ie- In the detail #ie-, you set the follo-ing4Time7Dependency!ou can decide for each attribute indi#idually, -hether it is time3dependent or not If only one attribute istime3dependent, the master data table is also time3dependent Ho-e#er, there can still be attributes for thischaracteristic that are not time3dependentAll the time3dependent attributes are in one table, meaning that they all ha#e the same time3dependencyAll the time3constant attributes are also in one table1haracteristic4 'usiness processTable ,A'1,R(1E++ 3 for time3constant attributes!haracteristic, 2usiness process *ttribute, !ost center responsible1haracteristic #alue4 8A8A Attribute #alue4 KonesTable LA'1,R(1E++ 3 for time3dependent attributes2usiness process 8alid from 8alid to !ompany code1haracteristic #alue4 8A8A A8A89AAA A8A=9AAA Attribute #alue4 AA9A=9AAA A88A9AAA Attribute #alue4 'A #ie-, 2A'1,R(1E++, connects these t-o tables42usiness process 8alid from 8alid to !ompany code !ost centerresponsible8A8A A8A89AAA A8A=9AAA A KonesA9A=9AAA A88A9AAA ' KonesIn master data updates, you caneither loadtime3dependent andtime3constant dataindi#idually, or together Time3dependent attributes that are used as na#igation attributes in an Info1ube, cannotbe used in aggregatesKEERTHiSe-uence of *ttributes in Input 3elp!ou can determine the se*uence in -hich the attributes for a characteristic are displayed in the input helpThere are the follo-ing #alues for this setting4 99, The attribute is not displayed in the input help 91, The attribute appears in the first position $far left% in the input help 9", The attribute appears in the second position in the input help +a)igation *ttribute!ou can s-itch na#igation attributes on and off, and specify their descriptions and short te"ts These te"tsfor na#igation attributes can also be supplied by the attribute If the te"t of the characteristic changes, thete"ts for the na#igation attribute are adjusted automatically This process re*uires #ery little maintenanceand translation resourcesWhenyouaredefiningande"ecuting*ueries, it isnot possibletousethete"ts todistinguish bet-een na#igation attributes and characteristicsAs soon as a characteristic appears in duplicate $as a characteristic and as a na#igationattribute% in an Info,ro#ider, you must gi#e the na#igation attribute a different name 6ore"ample, you could call the characteristic Cost Center, and call the na#igation attribute&erson 0esponsible for the Cost Center!ouuse the4avigationAttributes Info&roviderfunctiontomaintaindual3le#el na#igation attributes$na#igation attributes for na#igation attributes% This is possible only if the characteristic is an Info,ro#ider$meaning that it has master data and an InfoArea assigned to it%

Tab Page, !ompoundingUseIn this tab page, you determine -hether you -ant to compound the characteristic to other Info(bjects !ousometimes need to compound Info(bjects in order to map the data model +ome Info(bjects cannot bedefined uni*uely -ithout compounding6ore"ample, youcanonlye#aluatethecharacteristic.storagelocation/ inconnection-ith .plant/, if storage location A for plant ' is not the same as storage location A forplant 1 In this case, define a compounding characteristic .storage location/ to .plant/, soit is clear -hat the characteristic is(ne e"ception in compounding, is the option of compounding characteristics to the source system I& !oucan do this by setting the +aster data is valid locally for the source syste$ indicator !ou may need to dothis if there are identical characteristic #alues for the same characteristic in different source systems, butthese #alues indicate different objectsThe e"tensi#e use of compounded Info(bjects, particularly if you add a lot of Info(bjects to acompounding, can influence performance &o not try to display hierarchical links through compounding)se hierarchies instead1eference InfoObjectsIf an Info(bject has a reference Info(bject, it has its technical properties 6or characteristics these are the data type and length as -ell as the master data $attributes, te"tsand hierarchies% The characteristic itself also has the business semantics 6or key figures these are the key figure type, data type and the definition of the currency and unitof measure The referencing key figure can ha#e another aggregationThese characteristics can only be maintained -ith the reference Info(bject +e#eral Info(bjects can use the same reference Info(bject +uch Info(bjects automatically ha#e the sametechnical properties and master data Thebusinesssemantics, that istheproperties, suchasdescription, display, te"t selection, rele#ancetoauthori5ation, person responsible, constant, and e"clusi#ely attribute, are also maintained -ithcharacteristics that are based on one reference characteristic KEERTHiThecharacteristicsold"topartyisbasedonthereferencecharacteristiccusto$erandtherefore has the same #alues, attributes, and te"ts2ore than one characteristic can ha#e the same reference characteristic4 Thecharacteristicssendingcost centerandreceivingcost centerbothha#ethereferencecharacteristic cost center !haracteristic !onstantsA fi"ed #alue is assigned to a characteristic -hen you assign a constant This means that the characteristicisa#ailableonthedatabase$for#erifications, fore"ample%but isnolonger rele#ant toreporting$noaggregation 0 drilldo-n is possible for this characteristic%!ou must enter the internal #alue of the characteristic, -hich can be determined using the #alue helpAssigning a constant is most useful -ith compounded characteristicsThe storage locationcharacteristic is compounded -ith the plantcharacteristic If onlyone plant is e#er run -ithin the application, a constant can be assigned to the plant The#erificationforthestorage3locationmastertablerunscorrectly-iththis#aluefortheplant In the report, ho-e#er, only the storage location appears as a characteristic+pecial case4If you -ant to assign the +,A1E constant $type 1HAR% or AAA $type >)21% to the characteristic, type F in the first position 1eference !haracteristicsDefinitionA reference characteristic pro#ides the technical properties for another characteristic Technical propertiesincludeattributes, master data, te"ts, hierarchies, datatype, length, number andtype of compoundedcharacteristics, lo-ercase letters, and con#ersion routine These characteristics can only be maintained -itha reference characteristic StructureIn addition to the technical properties, a characteristic also contains business3orientated semantics,roperties, suchas description, display, te"t selection, rele#ance toauthori5ation, personresponsible,constant, and e"clusi#ely attribute, are also maintained -ith characteristics that are based on one referencecharacteristicThecharacteristicsold"topartyisbasedonthereferencecharacteristiccusto$erandtherefore has the same #alues, attributes, and te"ts2ore than one characteristic can ha#e the same reference characteristic4 Thecharacteristicssendingcost centerandreceivingcost centerbothha#ethereferencecharacteristic cost center +a)igation *ttributeUse1haracteristic attributes can be con#erted into na#igation attributes They can be selected in the *uery ine"actly the same -ay as the characteristics for an Info1ube In this case, a ne- edge0dimension is added totheInfo1ube&uring thedataselectionforthe*uery, the data manager connects the Info1ube and themaster data table $.join/% in order to fill the Luery1osts of the cost center drilled do-n by person responsible4!ou use the attribute .1ost 1enter 2anager/ for the characteristic .1ost 1enter/ If you-ant tona#igateinthe*ueryusingthecost center manager, youha#etocreatetheattribute.1ost 1enter 2anager/ asana#igationattribute, andflagit asana#igationcharacteristic in the Info1ubeWhen e"ecuting the *uery there is no difference bet-een na#igation attributes and the characteristics for anInfo1ube All na#igation functions in the (JA, processor are also possible for na#igation attributesE"tensi#e use of na#igation attributes leads to a large number of tables in the connection$.join/% during selection and can impede performanceKEERTHi!reating +a)igation *ttributesPrere-uisites!ou are in Info(bject characteristic maintenance and ha#e selected the tab page .Attributes/Procedure8 1hoose (etails'4avigation Attributes 9 +pecify the technical name of the characteristic that you -ant to use as a na#igation attribute, orcreate a ne- attribute by choosing 5Create6 !ou can also directly transfer proposed attributes ofthe Info+ource +othat youcanusethecharacteristicasana#igationattribute, makesuretheInfo(bject isassigned as an attribute first, and that the option .Attribute only/ is not acti#ated for thecharacteristic on the tabstrip .Ceneral/: 1hoose (etails'4avigation Attributes 'y clicking on the symbol4avigation Attribute On'Offinthe rele#ant column, you can define an attribute as a na#igation attribute ; 1lick on the symbol and enter a name in the 4avigation Attribute (escription fieldIf youturnacharacteristicattributeintoana#igationattribute, assignate"t tothena#igation attribute, so that it can tell it apart from a normal characteristic in reporting1esult!ou ha#e created a characteristic as a na#igation attribute for your superior characteristic$urther Steps to Take!ou must acti#ate the created na#igation attributes in the Info1ube The default is initially set to 7off7 so asnot to implicitly include more attributes than are necessary in the Info1ube>ote that you can subse*uently create or acti#ate na#igation attributes in the Info1ube at any time (nce anattribute has been acti#ated, you can only deacti#ate it if it not used in aggregatesInaddition, youmust recordna#igationattributes in*ueries, sothat theyare takenintoaccount inreportingTransiti)e *ttributes as +a)igation *ttributesUseIf a characteristic -as included in an Info1ube as a na#igation attribute, it can be used for na#igation in *ueries This characteristic can itself ha#e further na#igation attributes, called transiti#e attributes These attributes are not automatically a#ailable for na#igation in the *uery As described in this procedure, they must be s-itched onAn Info1ube contains Info(bject A1(+T1E>TER $cost center% This Info(bject has na#igation attribute A1(2,I1(&E $company code% This characteristic in turn has na#igation attribute A1(2,A>! $company for the company code% In this case A1(2,A>! -ould be a transiti#e attribute that one could s-itch on as na#igation attributeKEERTHi ProcedureIn the follo-ing procedure,-e assume a simple scenario -ith Info1ube I1 containing characteristic A,-ith na#igation attribute ' and transiti#e na#igation attribute T9, -hich does not e"ist in Info1ube I1 as acharacteristic >a#igation attribute T9 should be displayed in the *uery1 !reating !haracteristics 1reate a ne- characteristic dA $denormali5ed A% -hich has the transiti#e attributes re*uested inthe *uery as na#igation attributes $for e"ample T9% and -hich has the same technical settings forthe key field as characteristic A After creatingandsa#ingcharacteristicdA, gotoTransaction+E8=, select theentryfor thischaracteristic from table R+&1HA $1HA>2 M NcharacteristicnameO and ('KGER+ M P2P% andset field 1HA>AG to " This makes characteristic dA in#isible in *ueries This is not necessarytechnically, but impro#es the readability in the *uery definition since the characteristic does notappear here+tart Transaction R+&8 $Info(bject maintenance% again and acti#ate the characteristic " Including !haracteristics in the Info!ube IncludecharacteristicdA inInfo1ubeI1 +-itchonitsna#igationattributeT9Thetransiti#ena#igation attributes T9 are no- a#ailable in the *uery& *djusting Update 1ules >o-adjust theupdaterules totheInfo+ources for Info1ubeI1sothat thene-lyincludedcharacteristic dA is computed in e"actly the same -ay as the e"isting characteristic A The #aluesof A and dA in the Info1ube must be identicalKEERTHi' !reating InfoSources 1reate a ne- Info+ource -ith fle"ible updating Assign it the &ata+ource of characteristic A+ince a &ata+ource can only be assigned to one Info+ource at a time, you must cancel the e"istingassignment of the &ata+ource of characteristic A to the Info+ource $-ith direct updating%1 /oading DataTechnical e%planation of the load process,The&ata+ourceofcharacteristic A mustdefinethemasterdatatableofcharacteristic A as-ellasofcharacteristic dA In this e"ample the &ata+ource deli#ers key field A and attribute ' A and ' must beupdated in the master data table of characteristic AA is also updated in the master data table of dA $namely in field dA% and ' is only used to determinetransiti#e attribute T9, -hich is read from the updated master data table of characteristic ' and -ritten intothe master data table of characteristic dA+ince the #alues of attribute T9 are copied to the master data table of characteristic dA, this results in thefollo-ing dependency, -hich must be taken into consideration during modeling4If a record of characteristic A changes, it is transferred from the source system -hen it is uploaded into the'WIf arecordof characteristic'changes, it isalsotransferredfromthesourcesystem-henit isuploaded into the 'W Ho-e#er, since attribute T9 of characteristic 'is read and copied -hencharacteristic A is uploaded, a data record of characteristic A might not be transferred to the 'W during adelta upload of characteristic A because it has not changed 'ut the transiti#e dependent attribute T9 mightha#e changed just for this record and the attribute -ould not be updated for dA The structure of a scenario for loading data depends on -hether or not the e"tractor of &ata+ource A isdelta3enabled /oad Process,8 +cenario for non3delta3enabled e"tractor Ifthee"tractorfor&ata+ource A isnot delta3enabled, thedataisupdatedinthet-odifferent datatargets$masterdatatableofcharacteristicsA anddA%usingafle"ibleInfo+ource and t-o different update rulesKEERTHi9 +cenario for delta3enabled e"tractorIf it is a delta3enabled e"tractor, an (&+ object from -hich you can al-ays e"ecute a full update in themaster data table of characteristic dA is used With this solution, the data is also updated in t-o differentdata targets $master data table of characteristic A and ne- (&+ object -hich has the same structure ascharacteristic A%-ithane-$fle"ible%Info+ourceandt-odifferent updaterulesusingadeltaupdate)pdate rules from the (&+ are also used to -rite the master data table of characteristic dA -ith a fullupdateKEERTHi6or both solutions, the update rules in the data target master data table of characteristic dA must cause attribute T9 to be read +ince this can be #ery complicated, especially if the scenario is complicated an one has to read se#eral le#els, function modules -ill be pro#ided in the future that offer you this ser#ice It isbetter forthecodingforreadingthetransiti#eattributes$intheupdaterules% ifyouincludetheattributes to be read in the Info+ource right from the beginning This means that you only ha#e update rulesthat perform a one3to3one mapping The additional attributes that are included in the Info+ource are notfilledinthetransferrules Theyareonlycomputedintheupdaterulesinastart routinethat must becreated The ad#antage of this is that the coding for reading the attributes $-hich can be *uite comple"% isstored in one place in the update rules In both cases the order at load time must be adhered to and must be implemented either organi5ationally$load times in the scheduler% or by process chain It is essential that the master data to be read $in our casethemaster data ofcharacteristic'% already e"ist inthe master data tables in the system-henthe datapro#iding the &ata+ource of characteristic A is loaded !reating InfoObjects, :ey $iguresProcedure8 )sing the conte"t menu, select Create InfoObject from your Info(bject catalog for key figures 9 Enter a name and a description : Ifnecessary, defineareferencekeyfigureoratemplateInfo(bject IfyouchooseatemplateInfo(bject, transfer its properties for your ne- characteristic so that you can then edit them !ouneedareferencekeyfigureforanEliminationofInternal 'usiness Golumeina*ueryforanInfo,ro#ider ; 1onfirm your entries < Edit the Tabstrip4 Type0)nit = Edit the Tabstrip4 Aggregation D Edit the Tabstrip4 Additional ,roperties E If you created your key figure -ith a reference, then you get the additional tabstrip, /li$ination B +a#e,and acti#ate the key figure you ha#e createdKEERTHiKey figures ha#e to be activated before they can be usedSave means that all changed key figures in the Info(bject catalog are created, and that the table entries aresa#ed 1urrently, ho-e#er, theycannot be usedfor reportinginInfo1ubes 6or the time beingtheactivated, older #ersion remains here unalteredThe objects $data elements, domains, and programs% are not created in the data dictionary until after youha#e activated (nly no- do the Info1ubes -ork -ith the acti#ated, ne- #ersionTab Page, Type(Unit$unctions:ey $igure Type+pecify the type Amounts and *uantities need unit fieldsData Type+pecify the data type 6or the amount, *uantity, and number, you can choose bet-een the decimal numberand the floating point number, -hich guarantees more accuracy 6or the key figures date and time, you canchoose the decimal display to apply to the fieldsThe follo-ing combinations of key figure and data type are possible4Key 6igure Type &ata TypeA2( Amount 1)RR4 1urrency field, created as &E16JT,4 6loating point number -ith E byte precisionL)A Luantity L)A>4 Luantity field, created as &E16JT,4 6loating point number -ith E byte precision>)2 >umber &E14 1alculation or amount field -ith comma andQ03 sign6JT,4 6loating point number -ith E byte precisionI>T integer I>T;4 ; byte integer, -hole number -ith Q03 sign&AT &ate &AT+4 &ate field $!!!!22&&%, created aschar$E%&E14 1alculation or amount field -ith comma andQ03 signTI2 Time TI2+4 Time field $hhmmss%, created as char$E%&E14 1alculation or amount field -ith comma andQ03 sign !urrency(4uantity Unit!ou can assign a fixed currencyto the key figure If this field is filled, the key figure bears this currencythroughout 'W!oucanalsoassigna#ariablecurrencytothekeyfigure Inthefieldunit'currency, determine-hichInfo(bject bears the key figure unit 6or *uantities or amount key figures, either this field must be filled, oryou must enter a fi"ed currency or amount unitKEERTHiTab Page, *ggregation$unctions*ggregation, There are three aggregation options48 2inimum92a"imum:+um0%ception *ggregationThis field determines ho- the key figure is aggregated in the 'usiness E"plorer in relation to the e"ceptioncharacteristic In general, this refers to timeThekeyfigure.>umberofEmployees/ -ould, fore"ample, besummedusingthecharacteristic.1ost1enter/, andnotatimecharacteristic Hereyou-oulddetermineatimecharacteristicasane"ceptioncharacteristic -ith, for e"ample, the aggregation .last value/1eferenced !haracteristic for 0%ception *ggregationInthisfield, select thecharacteristicinrelationto-hichthekeyfigureistobeaggregated-iththee"ception aggregation In general this is a time characteristic Ho-e#er, you can use any characteristic you-ish!umulati)e and +on7!umulati)e 8alue!ou can select the key figure as a cu$ulative value Galues for this key figure ha#e to be posted in eachtime unit, for -hich #alues for this key figure are to be reported+on7!umulati)e #ith +on7!umulati)e !hangeThekeyfigureisanon3cumulati#e!ouha#etoenterakeyfigurethat representsthenon3cumulati#echange of the non3cumulati#e #alue There do not ha#e to be #alues for this key figure in e#ery time unit+on7!umulati)e #ith Inflo# and Outflo#Thekey figure isa non3cumulati#e!ou ha#e tospecifyt-okey figures that represent theinflo-andoutflo- of a non3cumulati#e #alue6ornon3cumulati#es-ithnon3cumulati#echange, orinflo-andoutflo-,thet-okeyfigures themsel#es are not allo-edtobenon3cumulati#e#alues, but must representcumulati#e #alues They must be the same type $for e"ample, amount, *uantity% as thenon3cumulati#e #alue+on7!umulati)esDefinition>on3cumulati#es are e#aluated by non3cumulati#e #alues >on3cumulati#e #alues are special key figuresthat are differentfrom otherkey figures $cumulati#e#alues%in datatransfers andsa#ing, as -ell asinaggregational beha#ior+on7cumulati)e )aluesare those key figures that are measured in relation to a period in timeR that is tosay, they cannot be meaningfully cumulated o#er time >on3cumulati#e #alues are summari5ed o#er timeusing e"ception aggregation >on3cumulati#e #alues such as .number of employees/, are cumulated using characteristics such as .costcenter/ It does not make any sense, ho-e#er, to cumulate the number of employees using different periodsWith periods, for e"ample, you can form an a#erage!umulati)e )alues are those key figures that can be cumulated using all characteristics, thus also usingtimeWith the cumulati#e #alue .sales re#enue/, for e"ample, it makes sense to cumulate the indi#idual salesre#enues using different periods, and using characteristics such as .products/ and .customers/E"ample of the difference bet-een non3cumulati#e and cumulati#e #alues4+ales #olume $cumulati#e #alue%4 +ales #olume A89A Q sales #olume A898 Q sales #olume A89: gi#es the total sales #olume for these threedaysWarehouse stock $non3cumulati#e #alue%4+tock A89A Q stock A898 Q stock A89: does not gi#e the total stock for these three daysKEERTHiUseThe target of the special folder for non3cumulati#e #alues is to optimi5e the data transport into 'W, and thedata retention as -ell as the database access -hen e#aluating for reporting in 'W The data transfer fromthe (JT, system is minimi5ed and only the meaningful data is sa#ed and processedIt is recommended that you use non3cumulati#e #alues for areas in -hich non3cumulati#es do not regularlychange completely, so, for e"ample, for -arehouse stock $retail%, or for the number of employees StructureModel of +on7!umulati)e 8alues>on3cumulati#earemodeledin'Wusinganon3cumulati#e#alue-iththefieldsbelongingtoit forchanging the non3cumulati#e or for receipts or issues Thetechnicalstorageofnon3cumulati#e takesplaceusingamarkerforthe currenttime $current non3cumulati#e% and the storage of non3cumulati#e changes, or inflo-s and outflo-s The current, #alid endnon3cumulati#e $to :889BBBB% is stored in the marker !ou can determine the current non3cumulati#e, orthe non3cumulati#e at a particular point intime fromthe current endnon3cumulati#e andthe non3cumulati#e changes or the inflo-s and outflo-s Lueries for the current non3cumulati#e can be ans-ered #ery s-iftly, since the current non3cumulati#e iscreatedasadirectlyaccessible#alueThereisonlyonemarkerthatisal-aysupdated-henthenon3cumulati#e Info1ube is compressed +o that access to *ueries is as *uick as possible, compress the non3cumulati#e Info 1ubes regularly to keep the marker as up to date as possible6or e"ample, in month A: the marker is read -ith three non3cumulati#e changes for a *uery In month A;,the marker is updated so that the current marker has to be read -ith only one non3cumulati#e change for a*uery in month fi#e If the marker is not updated, it still has four non3cumulati#e changes to readThe non3cumulati#e changes or the inflo-s and outflo-s are cumulati#e #alues in themsel#es and can beused separately as key figures or in *uery structuresData Transfer or Storage; and *ggregation for +on7!umulati)e 8aluesTo optimi5e the data transport and data retention for non3cumulati#e #alues in 'W, non3cumulati#e #aluesaretreateddifferentlytocumulati#e#alues inbothtechnical datatransfer andstorage, as-ell as inaggregation4 $eatures of +on7!umulati)e 8alues, Transferring and Sa)ing Data,o >on3cumulati#e #alues are mapped using one key figure for non3cumulati#e changes ort-o key figures for inflo-s and outflo-so A non3cumulati#eInfo1ubehastocontainatimereference characteristicThis meansthatthesystemhastobeabletodi#ertalltimecharacteristicsofthenon3cumulati#eInfo1ube be automatically from this time characteristico If you use a user3specific #alidity table, the table is adjusted -hen you load ito >on3cumulati#es are transferred in an initiali5ation run and the change runs that follo-$initiali5ation can also be omitted here% *ggregational 2eha)ior +on7!umulati)e 8aluesA non3cumulati#e #alue al-ays has a time3related e"ception aggregationIntegrationIn *uery definition and na#igation, there is no difference in the -ay cumulati#e and non3cumulati#e #aluesare dealt 1umulati#e and non3cumulati#e #alues can be analy5ed at the same time in a *uery!ou can also define 2ulti1ubes that consist of non3cumulati#e Info1ubes $Info1ube -ith at least one non3cumulati#e key figure% and Info1ubes+on7!umulati)e :ey $iguresThere are t-o different -ays to define non3cumulati#e key figures4 +on7cumulati)e key figure #ith non7cumulati)e changes,'efore you can define the non3cumulati#e #alue, an additional cumulati#e key figure containing the non3cumulati#e change must e"ist as an Info(bject +on7cumulati)e key figure #ith inflo#s and outflo#sThere has to be t-o additional cumulati#e key figures as Info(bjects for non3cumulati#e #alues 3 one forinflo-s and one for outflo-s The cumulati#e key figures ha#e to ha#e the same technical properties as thenon3cumulati#e key figure, and the aggregation and e"ception aggregation ha#e to be +)2KEERTHi!oucane#aluateseparatelythenon3cumulati#echangesontheiro-n, oralsotheinflo-andoutflo-,according to the type of chosen non3cumulati#e key figure in addition to the non3cumulati#eTime 1eference !haracteristicUseIf the Info1ube contains a non3cumulati#e #alue, thena time3based reference characteristic for thee"ception aggregation of the non3cumulati#e #alue must be a#ailable There can be se#eral timecharacteristicsper Info1ube,butonlyonetime referencecharacteristicThismeansthat thetime3basedreference characteristic is the same for all the non3cumulati#e #alues of an Info1ubeIntegrationThe timereference characteristic for anInfo1ube -henthere are se#eral time characteristics intheInfo1ube is al-ays the 7most refined7, since all other times in the Info1ube are deri#ed from thisAn Info1ube contains -arehouse key figures that should be e#aluated for the calendar month and calendaryear In this case, the calendar month is the most refined common time reference characteristicThere is a difference bet-een complete and incomplete time characteristics4The complete time characteristics are the S*P time characteristicscalendar day $A1AJ&A!%, calendar-eek $A1AJWEEK%, calendar month $A1AJ2(>TH%, calendar *uarter $A1AJL)ARTER%, calendar year$A1AJ!EAR%, fiscal year $A6I+1!EAR%, and fiscal period $A6I+1,ER% They are clearly assigned to apoint in time (nly these +A, time characteristics can be used as time reference characteristics, since youmust be able to deri#e time characteristics automatically from the most detailed time characteristic must bepossible -ith the non3cumulati#e folder Incomplete time characteristics, such as A1AJ2(>TH9, A1AJL)ART8, AHAJ6!EAR8,AWEEK&A!8, or A6I+1,ER:, can be used in a non3cumulati#e Info1ube but cannot be a time referencecharacteristic, since they are not assigned to a specific point in timeThe follo-ing graphic gi#es an o#er#ie- of the hierarchy for S*P time characteristicsIfyou ha#ea non3cumulati#efora -eek andfor amonth inthe sameInfo1ube at thesame time, theroughest common time characteristic is calendar day The time characteristic calendar day must be includedin the Info1ube, so that it can function as a reference characteristic for time3based aggregation8alidity *reaUse(nly the currently #alid end non3cumulati#e and the non3cumulati#e changes are stored on the database Tobe able to e#aluate the non3cumulati#e $for e"ample, to calculate mean #alues or to e"ecute a drilldo-nKEERTHiaccordingtoperiod%, itisnecessarythatyoukno-for-hichtimeinter#al youcancalculatethenon3cumulati#e (ther-ise, a non3cumulati#e from A8A8AAAA to 89:8BBBB is displayed$unctions8alidity area4 The differing time3based #alidity of non3cumulati#es is mapped using a )alidity area The #alidity area describes in -hich time period non3cumulati#es ha#e been managed )sually, this time inter#al is #alid for all records in an Info1ube, for e"ample, for all cost centers, or materials If data is loaded into the Info1ube from different source systems at different times, it can be beneficial to keep the different #alidity areas for each sub3area+ource system 84 &eli#ers #alues for the current month+ource system 94 &eli#ers #alues for the pre#ious monthIf the source systems deli#er #alues at different times, o#er a period of time aggregation can be affected andcan contain inaccurate #alues 6or e"ample, the calculated monthly a#erage is too high $see e"ample at the end of this section%All #alidity areas for a non3cumulati#e Info1ube are stored in #alidity tables The #alidity table automatically contains the most detailed, selected time characteristic of the Info1ube, the time3reference characteristic8alidity7Determining !haracteristics, 1haracteristics that determine the temporal #alidity area of the non3cumulati#e in an Info1ube Galidity3specific characteristics are, for e"ample, characteristics that specify the assignment to a source system Aggregation using #alidity3specific characteristics4With aggregations that do not calculate an a#erage $2I>, 2AS, 6IR+T, JA+T%, #irtual entries are addedin the #alidity inter#al margin so that all inter#als ha#e the same start and end points, and the aggregation isthen e"ecuted These #irtual entries are indicated in a special -ay in the results #ie- Without these #irtualentries, the totals ro- -ould deli#er inaccurate results 6or the aggregation type AGERACE,this is not#alidIn the follo-ing e"ample, the receipts for plants A, ', and 1 are displayed The #irtual entries are indicatedin a special -ay in the *uery If one considers plant ', then there are only receipts in 2arch and April 6orKanuary and 6ebruary, the #irtual entry 89A is set, because this is the non3cumulati#e -ithout receipts from2arch 6or 2ay the #irtual entry 8on3cumulati#e changes are then posted for thisplant +ubse*uently, a non3cumulati#e change is posted in the Info1ube for plant ' &ata for plant 1 is thenposted in the Info1ube -ith an initial non3cumulati#e at first and then -ith non3cumulati#e changes(nly non3cumulati#e changes, not initial non3cumulati#es, can no- be posted for all three plants*ggregational 2eha)ior of +on7!umulati)e 8aluesThe aggregational beha#ior determines -hether, and ho-, key figure #alues are aggregated in reports usingthe different characteristics or characteristic #alues The aggregational beha#ior depends on -hether youare aggregating using time characteristics or other characteristicsKEERTHiIf youaddupall thecumulati#e#aluessuchas7salesre#enue7usingall characteristics$that is, timecharacteristics as -ell%, the non3cumulati#e #alue relating to the time characteristic is often taken as thea#erage or the last #alueWhen using key figures -ith 6IR+T aggregation, the respecti#e initial status of a period is calculated Withall other types of aggregations, the final status of the period is calculatedInthefollo-inge"ample, thedifferencebet-eenthe6IR+T aggregationandtheJA+T aggregationismade clear If one considers, for e"ample, the aggregated #alues for A9A9A9, then the non3cumulati#e isconsideredBA-iththe 6IR+Taggregation, -hichis the non3cumulati#e -ithout receipts The non3cumulati#e -ith the JA+T aggregation is considered 88A, -hich is the non3cumulati#e from BA plus thereceipts of 9AThere are t-o possible kinds of aggregational beha#ior for non3cumulati#e #alues4 The standard aggregation specifies ho- a key figure is compressed using all characteristics $butnot time characteristics% Thee%ception aggregationspecifies ho- a key figure is compressed using all timecharacteristics 6or non3cumulati#e #alues such as -arehouse stock, you often -ant to calculate the sum of the -arehousestock using different articles and different stock Ho-e#er, you -ant to use the fiscal year and calendarperiods to calculate the a#erage #alue E"ception aggregation, therefore, is used for non3cumulati#e #alues-ith regard to time0%ception *ggregations #ith 1egard to TimeE#ery key figure has a standard aggregation and an e"ception aggregation >on3cumulati#e #alues al-aysha#e summation as standard aggregation, -hereas time characteristics ha#e an e"ception aggregation of note*ual to summationThe non3cumulati#e #alue .Warehouse +tock/ is aggregated using .+ummation/ for characteristics that arenot time3related such as .Articles/ or .+tock/ 6or time characteristics such as .1alendar 2onth/, ho-e#er,the non3cumulati#e #alue .Warehouse +tock/ has the e"ception aggregation .A#erage/2eaningful aggregations for non3cumulati#e #alues are primarily 7A#erage Weighted According to1alendar &ays7 $AG8% and7Jast Galue7$JA+% Additional, possiblee"ceptionaggregations for non3cumulati#e #alues are listed in the follo-ing table0%ception *ggregations for +on7!umulati)e 8aluesTechnical name Description*81 A#erage $-eighted -ith the number of calendar days%AG9 A#erage$-eighted-iththenumber of -orkingdays accordingtothefactory calendar -ith the I& A8%6IR 6irst #alue/*S Jast #alue2AS 2a"imum2I> 2inimum The time at -hich non3cumulati#e #alues -ere posted for different materials is displayed in the follo-inggraphicThe e#aluation results for the non3cumulati#e #alue for .2aterial 8/, for e"ception aggregation7A#erage7, and the e"ception aggregation 7Jast Galue7, are listed in the follo-ing tables, -here they aredisplayed once by calendar month and once by calendar dayInthis e"ample, -eassumethat #alidity3determiningcharacteristics arenot necessary Therefore, theresulting #alidity inter#al is determined from the minimum and ma"imum postingsThis means that the #alidity area here is the time inter#al from 89:88BBB to A:8A9AAA, since the firstposting -as made on the 89:88BBB and the last non3cumulati#e change for one of the materials $material9% -as posted on the A:8A9AAAKEERTHiDrilldo#n on the +on7!umulati)e 8alue for Material 1 by !alendar Month*)erage *)erage ote that non3cumulati#es that are e#aluated by calendar day, both for the a#erage and for the last #alue,al-ays produce the same result The reason for this is thatCalendar (ayis the smallest unit of time to-hich the data is transferred This al-ays occurs -hen you drilldo-n on the most detailed timecharacteristicProcedure for 0)aluating +on7!umulati)e 8alues 6or e#aluating on non3cumulati#e #alues, you can usually use the corresponding 2usiness !ontent The follo-ing Info+ources are deli#ered4 9JI+I;AI+9DE4 Transfers the current non3cumulati#e from the source system to +A, 'W once 9JI+IA:I'64 Transfers current transactions $goods receipts, goods issues, and so on%These Info+ources are not specific to retail, e#en though the choice of name may suggest this They arestandarde"tractors for initial non3cumulati#esintheJogistics area$Retail, 1onsumer ,roducts,A6+,'e#erage, and so on% +on7cumulati)e Info!ubes are also deli#ered -ith 'usiness 1ontent, for e"ample4 ARTI1:=4 2ost current article stock $that is the last time stock -as e#aluated% on a -eekly basis ARTI1:D4 2ost current article stock $that is the last time stock -as e#aluated% on a monthly basis ARTI1;84 2ulti1ube containing the non3cumulati#e Info1ube ARTI1:DIf you -ant to model your o-n objects, proceed as follo-s41 Source System There are t-o e"traction modes for non3cumulati#es in the source system The &ata+ources fornon3cumulati#es ha#e to support one of these e"traction modes" Modeling, &eterminein-hich-ayyou-ishtoe#aluatethenon3cumulati#e#alue If youonly-ishtoe#aluate the non3cumulati#e, or the non3cumulati#e changes as -ell as the non3cumulati#e using aparticular time period, choose modeling as a non3cumulati#e #alue -ith non3cumulati#e changesIf you also -ant to e#aluate the inflo-s and outflo-s separately, then choose modeling as a non3cumulati#e key figure -ith inflo-s and outflo-s& :ey $igure Definition, The non3cumulati#e change, or inflo-s and outflo-s, -hich you re*uire for the definition of thenon3cumulati#e#alue, must alreadybecreatedasInfo(bjects if thenon3cumulati#e#alueiscreated Therefore, firstlydefineeitherthenon3cumulati#echange, orthein3andoutflo-sasnormal cumulati#e #alues -here necessary These keyfigures must correspond tothe non3cumulati#e#alues, -hichstill ha#etobedefined, inthetypedefinition Thenon3cumulati#eKEERTHichanges, or inflo-s andoutflo-s, must ha#e .summation/ as aggregation andas e"ceptionaggregation&efine the non3cumulati#e #alue by assigning to it the pre#iously defined non3cumulati#e change,or in and outflo-s1hoose the e"ception aggregation you -ant to use +tandard aggregation al-ays e*uals7summation7' Info!ube Definition,a 2asic!ube If you transfer the non3cumulati#e #alue into the Info1ube, then the respecti#e cumulati#e #alues$non3cumulati#e change, or in3 and outflo-s% are automatically included in the Info1ubedefinitionTake all of the time characteristics into the Info1ube definition, -ith -hich you -ish to e#aluatethe Info1ube data!ou can also choose one or more characteristics #ia /xtras7 +aintain 4on"Cu$ulative )alues,-hichfurtherspecifythe#alidityofthenon3cumulati#e Thesecharacteristicsareadditionallylisted in the #alidity table of the non3cumulati#e right do-n to the most detailed time3referencecharacteristicRefer tothenotesfor defining#aliditytables !oudonot usuallyha#etoincludeadditional#alidity3determining characteristics in the #alidity tableActi#ate the Info1ubeb MultiPro)idersA 2ulti,ro#ider can be created from one or more non3cumulati#e cubes -ith different time characteristicsIn the follo-ing e"ample, a 2ult,ro#ider is created froma non3cumulati#e cube -ith the timecharacteristic 2ee# and from a non3cumulati#e cube -ith the time characteristic +onth 0%cursus, Modeling +on7!umulati)e 8alues #ith Differing Time 1eference !haracteristicsIf an Info1ube contains a non3cumulati#e #alue, then a time3based reference characteristic for thee"ception aggregation of the non3cumulati#e #alue must e"ist There can be se#eral time characteristics perInfo1ube, but only one time reference characteristic This meansthat the time7based referencecharacteristic is the same for all the non7cumulati)e )alues of an Info!ubeDifferent Time 1eference !haracteristicsIf you ha#e characteristics for -hich you manage non3cumulati#e and -hich refer to an object in differentstages of editing, such as deli#ery stock, order *uantity, and billing *uantity, then these non3cumulati#e#alues all ha#e differing time references These non3cumulati#e #alues cannot be e#aluated like this in ajoint Info1ubeModeling Proposal!ou can map the different time references using a characteristic transaction!ou then ha#e a key figure .non3cumulati#e/ -ith the most detailed time reference characteristic calendarday, and a characteristic .transaction/ -ith the characteristic #alues .deli#ery/, .order/, and .billing/ Thismeans you can store the non3cumulati#e for the differing transactions in one, single Info1ube6or e#aluation in reporting, you can then use the calculated key figure .non3cumulati#e/ that is restricted tooneof thecharacteristic#alues of the.transaction/characteristicas astructureelement inthe*uerydefinitionInthis-ay,youcane#aluatethe.deli#erystock/, the.order*uantity/, andthe.billing*uantity/ usingrestricted, calculated key figures'y doing this, you can minimi5e data transfer and storage, and reduce the number of key figures Performance Tips 1ompress all re*uests, or at least most of them )se as fe- #alidity3determining characteristics as possible )se key figures -ith first and last3 aggregation separately fromkey figures -ith a#erageaggregation, -hen semantically possible Hide the totals ro- -hen not re*uiredKEERTHi Restrict the time characteristics as much as possible When possible, only make a re*uest for thecurrent time &o not use complete time characteristics, such as A1AJ2(>TH9, A1AJL)ART8,AHAJ6!EAR8, AWEEK&A!8 or A6I+1,ER:, if you can do -ithout them Tab Page, *dditional Properties$unctions2usiness 0%plorerDecimal Places!ou can determine ho- many decimal places the field has by default in the 'usiness E"plorer This layoutcan be o#er-ritten in *ueries/ayoutThis field describes -ith -hichscalingthe field in the 'usinessE"ploreris displayedbydefaultThislayout can be o#er-ritten in *ueries0%clusi)ely *ttribute,If you choose exclusively attribute, then the created key figure can only be used as an attribute for anothercharacteristic, but cannot be used as a dedicated key figure in the Info1ube 0limination of Internal 2usiness 8olumeUseWiththisfunctionyoucaneliminatetheinternal business#olumebye"ecutinga'E"*uery Internalbusiness #olume is then no longer displayed in the reportPrere-uisites!ou ha#e an Info ,ro#ider that contains t-o Info (bjects $sender and recei#er% that ha#e the same masterdata$unctionsTo eliminate internal business #olume in an Info,ro#ider, you ha#e to create a key figure -ith a reference!ou then include these in the Info,ro#ider!reating the reference key figureWhen creating a key figure, you can also select Key Figure !ith 0eference In the Info(bject maintenanceyou ha#e an additional tab page, /li$ination Enter one or more characteristic pairs here regarding the keyfigure to be eliminated The characteristics of such a pair must ha#e the same reference characteristic !oucan also enter the names of the na#igation attributes here!ou can display permitted characteristics for an elimination characteristic by using the input helpIf se#eral characteristicpairsaremaintained, youstill ha#etospecifyoneofthefollo-ing, usingtheselection buttons4 all characteristic pairs need to be eliminated $then the key figure #alue is only eliminated if theelimination condition described abo#e is fulfilled for all characteristic pairs% eachindi#idualcharacteristicpairneedstobeeliminated$thenthekeyfigure#alueisalreadyeliminated as soon as the elimination condition for a characteristic pair is fulfilled%A typical application-ouldbeeliminatinghierarchies 6ore"ample, ifthesendercharacteristicisnotrestricted and drilled do-n -ith a hierarchy $-hile the recei#er characteristic is restricted in the filter at thesame time%, then the key figure for a ro- -ith a hierarchy node is eliminated This happens e"actly -henthe #alue of the recei#er characteristic is also in the hierarchy node and -hen the sender #alue is in thefilter of the recei#er1haracteristic pairs, such as .+ent 1ost 1enter/ $A+E>&I11TR% and .Recei#ed 1ost 1enter/, areeliminated as follo-s4A specific cell is #ie-ed in the report This has a selection + for the sender characteristic .+ent 1ost 1enter/and a selection E for the recei#er characteristic .Recei#ed 1ost 1enter/ These selections are made of theglobal filter, the dynamic filter, and the cells, as -ell as the column definition of the cell6or all Info,ro#ider data records that *ualify to be #alid for this cellI The characteristic #alue .+ent 1ost1enter/ isincludedinselection+, -hilethecharacteristic#alue.Recei#ed1ost1enter/ isincludedinselection R The key figure #alue for this data record is only then eliminated if the record -ere also to*ualify for the cell -hen s-apping the sender and recei#er This means if the characteristic #alue .+ent 1ost1enter/ is included in selection R and the characteristic #alue .Recei#ed 1ost 1enter/ in selectionsKEERTHi0diting InfoObjectsPrere-uisites!ou ha#e already created an Info(bjectProcedure+elect the Info(bject you -ant to maintain, and, using the conte"t menu, choose Change Alternati#ely, select the Info(bject you -ant to maintain, and choose the +aintain InfoObjects icon from the menu toolbar !ou get to the Info(bject maintenance!ou are not able to delete any characteristics that are still being used in an Info1ube, an (&+ object, an Info+ource, compounding, or as attributes It is a good idea, therefore, to e"ecute a -here3used list, -hene#er you -ant to delete a characteristic If the characteristic is being used, you ha#e to first delete the Info1ube or the Info(bject from the Info1ube If errors occur, or applications e"ist, an error log appears automatically!hange OptionsIt is usually possible to change the meaning and the te"t of an Info(bject Ho-e#er, only limited changes can be made to certain properties, in case the Info(bject is used in Info1ubes or (&+ objectsWith key figures, for e"ample, you cannot change the property type, the data type, or the aggregation, if thekey figure is still being used in an Info1ube0(&+ object )se the Chec# function to get hints on incompatible changesWith characteristics, you can change compounding and data type, but only if no data has yet been loaded *dditional $unctions in the InfoObject MaintenanceUseThere are other functions a#ailable in addition to creating, changing, and deleting Info(bjects$unctions*dding Documents)se this function to add documents to Info(bjects in different formats $for e"ample, 2+ Word,,o-er,oint, ,&6, '2,, HT2J%Tree Display)se this function to display, in a clear tree structure, all the settings for an Info(bject that ha#e been madein the Info(bject maintenance tab pages 8ersion !omparisonThis function compares the follo-ing Info(bject #ersions4 the acti#e and re#ised #ersions of an Info(bject the acti#e and 1ontent #ersions of an Info(bject the re#ised and 1ontent #ersions of an Info(bjectThis enables you to compare all the settings made in the Info(bject maintenance tab pagesTransport !onnection!ou can choose and transport Info(bjects All 'W (bjects that are needed to ensure a consistent status inthe target system are collected automatically6here7used list!ou determine -hich other objects in 'W also use a specific Info(bject!ou can determine -hat effects changing an Info(bject in a particular -ay -ill ha#e,and -hether thischange is permitted at the moment or not1epository 2ro#ser)se this function to see ho- different 'W objects relate to one another6or e"ample4 +tructural dependencies, for e"ample the Info(bjects, from -hich an Info1ube is structured 1onnections bet-een 'W objects, such as the data flo- from a source system across an Info1ubeto a *ueryThe dependencies can be displayed and e"ported in HT2J format3yperlinksKEERTHiTechnical objects, suchas dataelements or attributes areoftenunderlinedinblueintheInfo(bjectmaintenance Inthiscase, usetheconte"t menu$right mouseclick%tocall upaselectionofpossiblefunctions, including jumping to the detail #ie- $dictionary%, table contents, table type, and so on &ouble3click to get to the detail display*cti)ating in the 2ackgroundIn some cases $for e"ample -hen con#erting large amounts of data%, acti#ating an Info(bject can take a#ery long time The acti#ation process terminates after a specified amount of time In these cases, you canacti#ate Info(bjects in the background -ith the help of a background job In the Info(bject maintenance,choose Characteristic Activate in 1ac#ground Maintaining Database Storage Parameters)se this setting to determine ho- the system handles the table -hen it creates it in the database4 !ou canaccess the function using /xtras in the main menu 6or more informationData Targets DefinitionA data target is an object into -hich data is loaded &ata targets are the physical objects rele#ant duringdata modeling and -hen loading the dataStructure&ata targets are4 Info1ubes, (&+ objects , Info(bjects $characteristics -ith attributes, te"ts or hierarchies%There are differences bet-een4 ,ure data targets for -hich no *ueries can be created or e"ecuted An Info1ube might only be usedas a data source for another Info1ube This is also possible for (&+ objects and Info(bjects If you -ant a characteristic to appear in the Info,ro#ider tree, you ha#e to assign an InfoArea to it!ou can define update rules for the characteristic in the Info,ro#ider tree, and use them to loadattributes and te"ts!ou can turn a characteristic into a data target only if the characteristic contains te"ts or attributesIt is not possible to use update rules to load hierarchies &ata targets for -hich *ueries can be defined These are called Info,ro#iders Use of Master Data and Master Data72earing !haracteristicsDefinitionMaster datais data that remains unchanged o#er a long period of time It contains information that isal-aysneeded inthe same -ay1haracteristicscanbear master data in'W Withmasterdatayouaredealing -ith attributes, te"ts or hierarchies If characteristicsha#eattributes, te"ts, orhierarchiesat theirdisposal then-espeakofmasterdata7bearing characteristicsThe master data of a cost center contains the name, the person responsible, the rele#ant hierarchy area, andso onThe master data of a supplier contains the name, address, and bank details Themasterdataofauserinthe+A, systemcontainshis0heraccessauthori5ationstothesystem, thestandard printer, start transaction, and so on UseWhenyoucreateacharacteristicInfo(bject, it ispossibletoassignattributes, te"ts, hierarchies, or acombination of this master data to the characteristic If a characteristic bears master data, you can edit it in'W in master data maintenance Master Data Types, *ttributes; Te%ts and 3ierarchiesUseThere are three different types of master data in 'W41 *ttributes KEERTHiAttributes are Info(bjects that are logically subordinate to a characteristic and cannot be selectedin the *uery !ou can assign the attributes &erson responsible for the cost center, and ,elephone nu$ber of theperson responsible for the cost center$characteristics as attributes%,as -ell asSi-e of the costcenter in s%uare $eters $Key figures as attributes%, to a Cost center" Te%ts !ou can create or load te"t descriptions for master data in 'W Te"ts are stored in a te"t tableThe4a$eofthepersonresponsibleforthecostcenterisassignedtothemasterdata&ersonresponsible for the cost center in the te"t table& 3ierarchiesA hierarchy forms a summari5ation and grouping for a characteristic according to indi#idual e#aluationcriteria $unctionsTime7dependent *ttributesIf the characteristic has at least 8 time3dependent attribute, a time inter#al is specified for this attribute *smaster data must e%ist bet#een the period of 91911999 and 1"&11999 in the database; the gaps arefilled automatically Time7dependent Te%tsIf you create time3dependent te"ts, the te"t for the key date is al-ays displayed in the *uery Time7dependent Te%ts and *ttributesIf the te"ts and the attributes are time3dependent, the time inter#als do not ha#e to agree /anguage7dependent Te%tsIn the 1haracteristic Info(bject 2aintenance, you can determine -hether the te"ts are language3specific$for e"ample, -ith product names4 Cerman Auto, English car%, or not $for e"ample, customer names% (nly the te"ts in the selected language are displayedIf they are language3dependent, you ha#e to upload all te"ts -ith a language indicatorIf only te%ts e%ist,!ou can also just create te"ts for a characteristic, -ithout maintaining attributes When you are loadingte"ts, the entries in the +I& table are retrie#ed automatically Master Data MaintenanceUse!ou can run master data maintenance in t-o different sessions4 1reating or 1hanging 2aster &ataand &eleting 2aster &ata at +ingle Record Je#elIntegration!ou cannot run the t-o sessions at the same time, meaning that if you choose Change in the master data maintenance, the deletion function is deacti#ated, and isonly reacti#ated once you ha#e sa#ed your changes if you select a master data record in the master data maintenance and choose (elete, the create andchange function is deacti#ated, and is only reacti#ated once you ha#e finished the deletion processby choosing Save$unctions!reating or !hanging Master Data,!ou can add ne- data records for master data for a characteristic, change single data records for masterdata or else select se#eral data records for master data and assign global changes to themDeleting Master Data at Single 1ecord /e)el,!ou can delete single records or else select and delete se#eral records!oucanonlydeletedatarecords for master dataif themaster datayou-ant todeletestill has notransaction data, is not used as an Info(bject attribute and has no hierarchies!reating and !hanging Master Data Prere-uisitesKEERTHiIf master data is maintained for a master data3bearing characteristic, you can change it in 'W or createadditional master data recordsProcedure83 !ou get to the master data maintenance #ia InfoObject ,reeInfoObject Context +enu $right $ouse button9+aintain +aster (ata3orInfoSource ,ree Application Co$ponent +aster (ata InfoSource Context +enu :right $ouse button9 +aintain +aster (ata3 or in the Info(bject maintenance by choosing +aintain +aster (ataA selection screen that you might -ant to edit appears for restricting the master data;3 Taking into account the options from 6; Help, select the rele#ant data !ou get to the list header for the selection The list header is also displayed if no hits ha#e beenfound for your selection, so that you can enter ne- master records for particular criteriae- records are tagged onto the end of the list!hanging single recordsAdouble3clickonadatarecordtakes youtotheindi#idual maintenance 2aketherele#antchanges in the follo-ing change dialog bo"Mass changes+elect se#eral records, and choose Change3 A change dialog bo" appears in -hich the attributesand also te"ts are offeredEnter the rele#ant entries that are then transferred to all the selectedrecords=3 1hoose Save3If a ne-ly created record already e"ists in the database but does not appear in the processing list $becauseyou ha#e not selected it in the selection screen% there is no check Instead, the old records are o#er-rittenMaintaining Time7Dependent Master DataUseThemaintenanceofthemasterdataismorecomple"-ithtime3dependent masterdata, asthe#alidityperiod of a te"t is not necessarily in concordance -ith that of an attribute master recordThe Info(bjectUser master recordhas the time3dependent attribute Personnel number, and the time3dependent te"tUser name If the user name changes $after marriage, for e"ample%, the personal numberstill remains the samePrere-uisitesIn the Info(bject 2aintenance, make sure that the rele#ant Info(bject is flagged as .time3dependent/ProcedureTo maintain te"ts -ith time3dependent master data, proceed as follo-s48 +elect the master data that -ant, and select one of the three te"t pushbuttonsIf you choose Display te#t, a list appears containing all the te"ts for this characteristic #alue 'ydoubleclicking, youcanselect ate"t Adialogbo"appears -iththeselectedte"t for thecharacteristic #alueIf you choose Change te#t, a list appears containing all the te"ts for this characteristic #alue 'ydoubleclicking, youcanselect ate"t Adialogbo"appears -iththeselectedte"t for thecharacteristic #alue, -hich you can then editIf youchooseCreatete#t, adialogbo"appears in-hichyoucanenter ane-te"t for thecharacteristic #alueThe te"ts al-ays refer to the selected characteristic #alue;3 1hoose Save3When you select time3dependent master data -ith attributes, the list displays the te"ts that are #alid untilthe end of the #alidity period of the characteristic #alue When you change and enter ne- te"ts, the lists areupdatedKEERTHi2aster data must e"ist bet-een the period of A8A88AAA and 89:88AAA in the database When you createdata, gaps are automatically filled When you change or initially create master data, in some cases, youmust adjust the #alidity periods of the adjoining records accordinglyIf a ne-ly created record already e"ists in the database but does not appear in the processing list $becauseyou ha#e not selected it in the selection screen% there is no check Instead, the old records are o#er-rittenIf you change master data in 'W, you must adjust the respecti#e source system accordingly (ther-ise thechanges -ill be o#er-ritten in 'W the ne"t time you upload data2aster data, -hich you ha#e created in 'W, remains e#en after you ha#e uploaded data from the sourcesystemTime7Dependent Master Data from Different SystemsUse!ou ha#e the option of uploading time3dependent characteristic attributes from different systems, e#en ifthe time inter#als of the attributes are different$unctionsIf you load time3dependent characteristic attributes from different source systems, these are -ritten in themaster data table, e#en if the time inter#als are different6rom source system 8, load attribute A -ith the #alues 8A, 9A, :A and ;A 6rom source system ', loadattribute ' -ith the #alues 8GERTIT(ITRA>+A1TI(>AJ A'A, report under the name of the correspondingInfo1ube !ou should schedule this report as a background job for Info1ubes -ith more than 8A,AAA datarecords This is to a#oid a potentially long run3timeIntegrationThe follo-ingtypical scenarios demonstrate the connectionbet-een'Wand+E2andthe use oftransactional Info1ubes41 Scenario,Actual data $read3only access% and planned data $read3only and -rite access% ha#e to be held in differentInfo1ubes Therefore, use a 'asis1ube for actual data and a transactional Info1ube for planned data &ataintegration is achie#ed using an +E2 multi3planning area, -hich contains the areas that are assigned to theInfo1ubes Access to the t-o different Info1ubes is controlled here by the characteristic 7,lanning area7,-hich is added automatically " Scenario,In this scenario, the plannedand actualdataha#e to be together inoneInfo1ubeThis is the case, fore"ample, -ith special rolling forecast #ariants Here you ha#e to use a transactional Info1ube, since bothread3only and -rite accesses take place !ou can no longer load data directly that has already arri#ed in theInfo1ube by means of an upload or import source To be able to load data ne#ertheless, you ha#e to make acopy of the transactional Info1ube that is identified as a 'asis1ube and not as transactional &ata is loadedas usual here and subse*uently updated to the transactional Info1ube !reating Info!ubesPrere-uisitesEnsure that all Info(bjects that you -ish to transfer into the Info1ube are acti#ely a#ailable 1reate anyre*uired Info(bjects that do not e"ist already, and acti#ate themKEERTHiIf you -ant to define an Info1ube in the same -ay as an Info+ource, then the communication structure forthe Info+ource should be a#ailable in an acti#e formInstead of creating a ne- Info1ube, you can transfer an Info1ube from +A,/s 'usiness 1ontentProcedure1reate an InfoArea, to -hich the ne- Info1ube should be assigned6or this, choose +odeling 7 Info&rovider )sing the conte"t menu for the InfoArea, choose Create InfoCube +elect the type of Info1ube4o 'asic1ube, Transactional Info1ube, Girtual Info1ubes4o +A, Remote1ube ,Ceneral Remote1ube ,Girtual Info1ube -ith +er#ices$only forspecial cases%1hoose Create3If you -ant to create a copy of an e"isting Info1ube, you can enter an Info1ube as a template!ou go to the Info1ube maintenanceTransferring InfoObjects,The Info(bjects that are to be added to the Info1ube are di#ided into the categories characteristic,time characteristic and key figure !ou ha#e to transfer at least one Info(bject from each category!ou select the category from the tabstripTransfer the characteristics, by selecting the rele#ant characteristics and assigning them to the Info1ube-ith the aid of the arro- keys 1ompound or referenced characteristics are automatically transferred o#erEditing $making re#isions to the se*uence in the Info1ube% functions are a#ailableTemplate Selection!ou can choose different templates The default setting is al-ays 7All Info(bjects7 'y setting atemplate filter, you achie#e greater clarity -ith regard to a particular task $fe-er Info(bjects forselection%!ou can select an Info+ource $still only the Info(bjects for the communication structure of theInfo+ource are displayed%, an Info1ube, an (&+ (bject, or an Info(bject catalog as a template Asimple -ay of constructing an Info1ube,that is identical to the communication structure of anInfo+ource, is by setting the te$plate, selecting all fields and transferring into the InfoCube+etting a template can affect either all Info(bject types or just the current oneDetail 8ie# of $unctions Adouble3click on an Info(bject takes you to the detail display of thisInfo(bject !ou can also get to the detail display using the pushbutton (isplayInfoObject:s9 $at the bottom of the tab page% In addition to the te"t for the Info(bjects, the pushbutton (etail )ie!displaysadditional attributes0properties*ssigning the !haracteristics to Dimensions!ou get to the definition and assignment screen for dimensions using the pushbutton (i$ensions $6E% &efine the re*uired dimensions !ou can also read more about dimensionsIf nodimensionse"ist yet, thenyoudefinethemusingtheCreatefunction3Enterdescriptionsforalldimensions36lagthedimensionsincertaincasesaslineitems !oucanfindfurther informationunder JineItem&imensionAdditionally, you ha#e the option of gi#ing dimensions the indicator ?igh Cardinality This function needsto be s-itched on if the dimension is larger than ten percent of the fact table Then you can create ' treeinde"es instead of 'itmap inde"es1hoose the tabstripAssign,select the characteristics tobe dimensioned, positionthe cursor onthedimensionstobeassignedtothis characteristic, andchooseAssign$or doubleclickontheassigneddimension%!ou can also assign graphically the characteristics that are not assigned $pushbutton% !ou can select andassign the unassigned characteristics on the tree3like display of the dimensions and characteristics >otethat for graphical assignments,no changes are permitted to the assignment of a dimension, rather only toan assignment of characteristics that are still freeThe arro- keys can be used for scrolling through the dimensionsIf the Info1ube has been acti#ated once, then indi#idual characteristics or key figures can no longer bedeleted !ou can only insert additional characteristics or key figuresKEERTHiE"ception4 After the function InfoCube U (elete (ata, the Info(bjects are released againTransfer time characteristics2aintenanceoftimecharacteristicsfollo-sinthesame-ayasforcharacteristics!oudonotneedtomaintain any dimensions, as all time characteristics are assigned -ith the dimension .time/ implicit in themTransfer the key figuresThis step is carried out in a similar -ay to the characteristics The unit Info(bjects in the Info1ube, -hichyou can display for inspection, result implicitly from the list of transferred key figuresSave or Activate the Info1ube(nly an acti#ated Info1ube can be supplied -ith data and used for reporting+e%t Step1reating )pdate Rules1reating Aggregates DimensionDefinitionThegroupingof classificationgroups $characteristics%thatlogicallybelongtogether asregards content,under one generic term If the dimension contains a characteristic -hose #alue already uni*uely determinesthe #alues of all other characteristics from a business3orientated #ie-point, then the dimension is namedafter this characteristicThe customer dimension could, for e"ample, be made up of the customer number, the customer group andthe le#els of the customer hierarchy The sales dimension could contain the characteristics .sales person/, .sales group/ and .sales office/ The time dimension could be gi#en using the characteristics .day/ $in the form !!!!22&&%, .-eek/ $inthe form !!!!WW%, .month/ $in the form !!!!22%, .year/ $in the form !!!!% and .period/ $in theform !!!!,,,%UseDefinition in the Star SchemaWhen defining an Info1ube, characteristics for dimensions are grouped together to store them in a table ofthe star schema $dimension table% The afore3mentioned business3orientated grouping can be the basis forthis With the aid of a simple foreign key dependency, dimensions are linked to one of the key fields of thefact tableStructure6rom a technical #ie-point, se#eral characteristic #alues are mapped to an abstract dimension key $&I2I&%, to -hich the #alues in the fact table refer The characteristics chosen for an Info1ube are di#ided upamong Info1ube3specific dimensions -hen creating the Info1ube/ine Item DimensionUseA line item is an Info(bject, -hich has a small number of facts listed on its characteristic #alues in the facttable of the Info1ube The dimension table of a line item Info(bject -ould become almost as large as thefact table'y indicating a dimension as a line item,you can pre#ent performance problems that -ouldcome about from the si5e of the dimension table The document number is a good e"ampleWedorecommendthat you use (&+objects, -here possible, insteadof Info1ubes for line items*cti)itiesWhen creating the dimensions in the Info1ube maintenance, flag the rele#ant dimension as a ine Ite$!ou can assign this dimension to e"actly one Info(bject >o database table is created -hen you acti#atethe Info1ube Instead, a field is -ritten for this dimension to the fact table The field is a direct link to the+I& table of the Info(bject The data is re*uested directly from the Info(bject Scenario for ODS Objects Thediagrambelo-sho-sho-(&+objectsareusedinthise"ampleofupdatingorder anddeli#eryinformation, and ho- orders are status tracked, that is, -hich orders are open, -h