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SAN FRANCISCO SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY SEMINARS FORTHE STUDY OF TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS AND SOCIAL DYNAMICS

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TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS BULLETINZ0Q

o VOLUME 1 ___________OCTOBER, 1962

____________NUMBER 4W

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SCIENTIFIC PROCEEDINGS

-SUMMER QUARTER, 1962 ................................................................31

CLINICAL NOTES

CHILDREN RAISED WITH STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS - 33D. Kupfer

SOCIAL DYNAMICS

BREAKING UP THE "REHAB" GAME . . . 35

R. M. Birnbaum and D. E. Eazell

RESEARCH"NO EXIT" REVISITED . ---------------------------------------------------36

C. Steiner

NEWS FROM ABROAD ........................................................................37

A LIVING PROBLEM ..............................................................- - 37

C. St. Cyr

ORGANIZATIONAL NEWS - . . . 33

EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES --------------------------------------------------------39

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TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS BULLETIN

Published Quarterly by

THE SAN FRANCISCO SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY SEMINARS

A NON-PROFIT EDUCATIONAL CORPORATION

VOLUME 1 OCTOBER 1962 NUMBER 4

The Transactional Analysis Bulletin will be published quarterly to keep activemembers, members at large, associate members, former students, and other interestedparties current with the scientific, educational, organizational and personal activities ofthe San Francisco Social Psychiatry Seminars. Subscriptions are solicited from institutionsand libraries at $3 per year (U.K. 18/-). All funds received from associate membershipsand subscriptions will be devoted to continuing and enlarging the Bulletin until- itbecomes possible to publish selected articles., without, the :necessity,. for undueabbreviation. Subscriptions, enquiries, exchanges, and financial contributions should beaddressed to The;: Transactional Analysis Bulletin, P. O. Box 5747, Carmel, California.

Contributors

Short summaries of newly discovered transactional games or other originalobservations, brief accounts of clinical, scientific, or teaching activities, letters to theeditor, or personal and organizational notes should be addressed to the Editor,Transactional Analysis Bulletin, at the above address., Such contributions are encouragedas the best way for members in various parts of the country to keep in touch witheach other.

Advertising

Rates for classified and display advertising wi ll be submitted on request., TheBulletin reaches a select audience o f professional people in the San Francisco Bay Areaand other parts of the country.

Editorial and Circulation Assistant, Mary N. Williams

THE SAN FRANCISCO SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY SEMINARS

Directors 1961 - 1962

Eric Berne, M.D. Viola Litt, M.A.

Melvin H. Boyce, B.S. Frances Matson, M.S.W.

Joseph Concannon, M.S.W. Ray Poindexter, M.D.

Franklin Ernst, M.D. Myra Schapps, M.S.W.Kenneth V. Everts, M.D.

At Large

Claude Steiner, M.A., Ann Arbor

Barbara Rosenfeld, M.S.W., PhiladelphiaCopyright 1962, San Francisco Social Psychiatry Seminars, Inc.

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SUMMER QUARTER - ADVANCED SEMINAR - 202 - JULY - SEPTEMBER 1962

The abstracts given below are written for professional readers who areassumed to be familiar with basic principles and terminology of transactionalanalysis. They include the last two meetings of the Spring Quarter.

June 19. Joseph Concannon: "Problems in Using Transactional Analysis in Short TermTherapy."

C cited as an example K. H. Blacker's problem: daily half-hour meetings on anin-patient ward where patients stayed only 2 to 6 weeks, with a changingpopulation. There are two types of solution for maximizing effectiveness with suchhandicaps: an empirical approach based on trial and error, or a logical approachbased on theory: group dynamics, transactional game analysis, or mathematical gameanalysis. In general, the therapist should not try to cram his patients. He shouldproceed in the usual sequence at the usual pace.

June 26. Eric Berne: "Results of Transactional Group Therapy in Private Practice."In a series of seven continuous open-ended groups, 26 out of 63 patients

terminated during the past six to nine months. 23 of the 26 were improved ac-cording to themselves, their intimates, the therapist, and usually the other groupmembers as well. The remaining three came for one, three, and five sessions,respectively. In about half the cases, the improvement was regarded by the therapistand the more sophisticated group members as gratifying, but not maximal or stable.

July 3. No meeting because of holiday.July 10. Gary Schmalle: "Short Term Groups in a Prison."

Newly incarcerated prisoners attended "Behavior Adjustment" groups one hourper day for ten days. S enumerated concisely the limiting factors: 1. Difficulty indissecting out patterns, games, and scripts in 10 days. 2. The inmates counter "You're

not alike" with "We are alike," and vice versa. 5. Justification for distrustingtherapist with stories of corrupt officials. 6. Inmates "stripped of identity" by newsituation. 7. Immediate inception of "How Do You Get Out Of Here" disrupts otherapproaches. 8. Wooden Leg with sociological plea (What do you expect in a societylike ours?) as second line of disruption. 9. Administrative restrictions: no "therapy"permitted; i.e., only content of transactions can be considered, not function. 10. Typicalresult is institutionalization and ritualization of proceedings with rubrics: "set limits,""sounding board," "express hostility," "ventilate," "explore." 11. Inmates controlleader by threatening "strike" which will injure his reputation. 12. If he complies,they comply by "proper participation" which will look well on their records.

Remedies suggested by Seminar. The crucial point is the leader's own "identity."

To establish this he must clarify (a) his contract with the prison authorities and (b)his contract with his group members. Administrative restrictions of (a) put him in adifficult position which he can only solve by a compromise between terminology andactual operations.

For (b) he must clearly and tenaciously separate his role as a member of theCorrectional group apparatus from his role as a "behavior adjuster." The first is apolice fuction, the second is a professional one. P. McCormick formulated the emergentstrategy for the professional side: firmly, systematically, and progressively inculcatethem with the principles of structural and transactional analysis, striving continuallyfor Adult-Adult working transactions. This is what will be most usable and mostuseful to them later.

SCIENTIFIC PROCEEDINGS

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July 17. Franklin Ernst. "The Multi-Problem Family and the Decision for Treatment. "This was a well-attended meeting with several- newcomers present. E read the first

draft of a paper designed for presentation at a national convention of correctionalofficers. An experienced transactional analyst, E. took the "Martian" approach byrequesting discussion of "the paper" before discussion of its contents, offering anopportunity to illustrate "Martian" to the newcomers. First considered was (1) Why dopeople write papers? E should sort out his Adult, Parent, and Child motivations in thisrespect. (2) Why the surge of interest in "family therapy?" Poindexter suggested

"See How Hard I'm Trying": a worker who cannot cure his client seen individuallytries harder by seeing six people instead of -one; if the client does not get betterunder those conditions, then who can blame me? The redundancy of the title (Are therenon-multi-problem families?) suggests that family therapy is becominginstitutionalized and jargonized. (3) As to content, E counters the trend by trying todemonstrate that it is not always desirable or helpful to see the family; one individualwho is committed to treatment is worth more than five or six uncommitted ones. Hisreview of the literature is superfluous; the audience will be surfeited with such reviews;his limited time would-be better devoted to cogent, clear clinical material. The Martianapproach sacrifices banality for rationality, and rituals for relevancy.

July 24. Eric Berne: "Current Crises in Two Therapy Groups."

1) A patient's Child was jolted by attempted suicide of his fiancee. He des cribedthe resulting insights in a game-free way, and the possibilities of his altering hisbehavior. The other members were envious and suspicious of his sincerity.

(2) A critical new patient successfully turned the 'other members against himself. Thetherapist pointed out how they had been conned into ..giving him justification forterminating as part of his self-destructive game and script.

July 31. Frances Matson: "Games of Narcotics Addicts."Narcotic addiction has been insufficiently studied by transactional analysts. M

presented a heroin addict's, games as a basis for discussion. J. Olson added materialconcerning use of less addictive drugs among young people: marijuana, methedrine,and codeine are In, heroin is Out; Cannabis indica, as distinct from Cannabis sativa ,is very In, but hardly obtainable. Games played with each drug are somewhatdifferent. The seminar suggested that for a systematic game study it would beadvisable to, have "heroin only" addicts and contrast them with "marijuana only"takers. It is too difficult to sort out the transactional material with polyaddicts.Inclusion of marijuana under the Harrison Act has changed marijuana smoking from apastime into a 'game; this could be verified by studying its use before and since itsinclusion.

August 7. Kenneth Events: "A Group in Private Practice."

The whole proceedings of this group had a subtle lack of constraint whichdifferentiated it from groups conducted in institutions. The therapist's freedom fromorganizational constraints was also evident, and in some ways it added to hisdifficulties. Having no organizational "Parent" to guide or restrict him, his Adult hadto choose between a larger variety of interventions at each point.

August 14. Eric Berne: "A Classification of Interventions."

The effects on the Parent, Adult, and Child of the patient of various types of

interventions open to a transactional analyst were discussed.

August 21 and 2E. Summer Vacation.

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CLINICAL NOTESCHILDREN RAISED WITH STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

David Kup f er

(Based on a paper read at the Scientific Conference of the Golden Gate GroupPsychotherapy Society, San Francisco, June 1962)

After 18 months in a transactional therapy group, a 30 year old divorcee

spontaneously decided to acquaint her three daughters with structural analysis. She relatedthe following anecdotes.

At 4, Doris learned to recognize when she felt demanding or jealous, and calledthis state "Baby Doris." When she behaved straightforwardly and felt comfor tab le andin control, this was referred to as "Grown-up Doris." Bossy or motherly behaviorwas called "Mommy Doris." To the last one she commented: "Oh, then that's yourMommy speaking when you are bossy or crabby with us." One day the mother becameupset because Barbara, age 3, would not stop crying, and she threw a doll across theroom and broke its head. Doris and Barbara became frightened at their mother'srage, but recovered quickly when she told them: "Mommy's Child just got out ofhand, it's silly and useless, but I couldn't help it."

One day Barbara said: "Mommy, I don' t l ike you, you're naughty." Themother pretended to cry and replied: "Oh, Barbara, you have hurt my feelings!"Whereupon Doris commented with delight: "Mommy, I hear your Child talking." At41/2 Doris said: "When I grow up I'll still be scared of things." The mother explainedthe difference between Adult (realistic) and Child fears, and cited as an exampleBarbara's fears of "wicked eyes" in the dark, adding: "The GrownUp Barbara knowsthat there are no eyes, but the Baby Barbara is still afraid. Doris replied with realassurance: "I know there isn't really any fire in my bed burning my feet, but myBaby Doris is still afraid." The mother explained that grown-ups have fears too,but i t was important to decide whether a fear is grown-up or of the Child.

Following that conversation, Doris did not again men tion the "fire" fears. The motherfelt that they had either disappeared or become innocuous. One day when Doriswas angry at being disciplined, she said resentfully: "That's your 'Baby' Mommytalking." The mother told Doris that if she really listened she would know it was themother's Mommy, adding: "The Mommy in me knows what is best for you."

At this time Doris showed considerable ability to pull herself together. Oncewhen an outing was denied to her because she had misbehaved, she screamed and cried.

About a half hour later she came to her mother quite serenely and said: "I understandwhy we can't go, and I'm not angry with you." The mother related this to somefriends, who were impressed. The next morning the mother told Doris how amazedand impressed the friends were at her understanding. Doris's eyes twinkled and

she broke into a "wonderful grin" and said: "They were really surprised to find outthat I had a Grown-up Doris inside of me, weren't they?"

When Barbara was four, the mother became pregnant. Barbara began to talkbaby-talk, which irritated the mother until she wanted to scream. One day listeningto her, it struck the mother that it was really Barbara's Child talking. She said toDoris (now age five): "I can hear Barbara's Child talking now, can't you?" Dorisreplied calmly: "That's right!" Barbara then remarked: "Yeah. I'm just a little babynow!" After that the mother could be much more patiently Adult about Barbara'sbaby talk. One day when Barbara talked that way in front of visitors, Doris turnedmatter-of-factly to her neighbor and said: "That's Barbara's Child talking, notBarbara."

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The next child, Carla, was three when the new baby was born. Carla keptasking if she were not a baby too; insisted that, she was, and held her hands about a footapart to show how little really she was: The mother tenderly toldher it was true that she sometimes was a baby, or ratherfelt like a baby, and thatshecould always come to her mother and tell her what the Baby Carla wanted or thoughtabout something, and that the Mommy in mother would be happy to take care of herand cuddle the Baby Carla, the Baby Barbara, or the Baby Doris. She added "You alsoknow that I am happy to talk to the Grown-Up Carla about her clothes' or herfriends, and I am glad when Mommy Carla helps' with the baby or the housework or

takes care of her, pets." It was a good feeling for me and I believe for Carla to beable to talk about her feelings in words she could understand. Now she knows thatBaby Carla wants to crawl on my lap, orMommy Carla gets the broom and sweeps.

By the following year, the mother could explain to the three little girls whatkind of behavior was expected in various circumstances. The playground was aplace where Babies could really have fun, holler and rough-house as they wished.

At a restaurant, Babies are out of place, but the Grown-Up girls can enjoythemselves there. She explained that they could keep their Children in line whenthey wanted to. "Now I can allow myself to en joy an outing as an Adult rather thanhaving a wary Parent functioning, who wants to correct, boss, or discipline them."

At seven, Doris was having trouble wi th her playmates, and often came homein tears. The mother, who had overheard some of the arguments, remarked to Doristhat Mommy Doris sounded pretty bossy sometimes; if she left Mommy Doris athome, her friends would not have to send herhome instead. Doris liked the idea. Theunhappy episodes became less frequent. Doris was also able to recognize the Parent i n agirl-friend-to whom she had been very nasty, which also may have helped. "Dorisfinds it easy to talk to me in straight structural terms. I am sure that she has moreconfidence because of this and both of us can discuss her troubles in understandableterms. I am sure that Barbara's awareness of ego states has also helped in her case. Anassociate of mine said in a nasty way to Barbara (age 6): ' I know what you're thinking,Barbara, I know everything that is going on in your mind.' To which Barbara answeredcalmly and politely, in spite of this man's threatening attitude: 'Oh, no, you don't. Youdon't because I haven't told you.' I feel that here she was differentiating Childapprehensiveness from Adult facts."

At 7'/s, when Doris was scared to go to the doctor. for a shot, the mother askedthe two smaller ones: "Can you think of some way that Doris could help her ChildDoris to be more comfortable and not so frightened? What do you think, Barbaraand Carla?" To which Barbara contributed: "Well, Doris, when the doctor is going togive me a shot, I just leave the Baby Barbara at home with a bottle." When they gotto the doctor's office, Doris started to panic. Barbara insisted on getting her shot first,"then Doris's Adult came through, she decided to get her shot, and since then her fear

has lessened."

At this time, the children's teachers reported to the mother that the girlsshowed good social control, and conducted themselves in a matter of fact and reliableway. When the family moved, the girls were somewhat apprehensive about going toa new school. After the first week, the new teachers reported that the girls were"very adaptable and had moved in easily." The mother's general conclusion, after 31

years of experience: "In general, our structural vocabulary has made communicationbetween myself and the now seven, six, and four year old girls clearer and easier."

.34

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SOCIAL DYNAMICS

SOME CONSEQUENCES OF BREAKING UP THE "REHAB" GAME (*1)

Robert M. Birnbaum and Dale E. Eazell

The "Rehab" game consists of referring tension-producing clients to onerehabilitation program after another until there is Parental justification for calling

them "long-term," "unreliable," or "unemployable." One year of preliminary workwith such long-term welfare recipients with minimal physical disabilities indicatedthe following: the clients are often so caught up in the welfare workers' games of"Rehab" and "I 'm Only Trying to Help You," and their own reciprocal games of"Wooden Leg," "Poor Me," and "Good Patient," that they have little possibility offreely looking at or making decisions about their own status. From this transactionalframe of reference, the authors hypothesized that in the absence of the welfareworkers' game-producing stimuli, there might be some clients (those not firmlycommitted to their games) who could talk objectively about their situations and inso doing suggest means of resolution.

Twelve clients (*2) were informed that we were conducting research into long-term recipiency. There was no implication that we were going to help this pilot groupget better or try to change their status in any way. Their clientism ranged from oneto 10 plus years, with the median at about 4 years.

B, a clinical psychologist, conducted initial individual interviews, stating thepurpose of the project in appropriate language as follows: We are hired by theCounty Rehabil itat ion Service to study this particular problem. We are notconnected with the welfare service, and communications are privileged. The client isfree to leave at any time. Welfare workers are often frustrated by clients. How does theclient see the situation?

Four of the clients continued to play "Wooden Leg" and "Poor Me," and left theinterview. The remaining eight began to express resentment at their status: beingsupervised, having to ask for money, being told where to go. B agreed that therewere good reasons for leaving welfare, but what were their reasons for staying onit? Some hesitantly and anxiously grew more candid. They talked of outsideincome, both legal and illegal; one worked in a gambling house, another was anarmed robber. They spoke of their covert battle with the welfare workers: to get"better" is for the worker to win. Their disclosures were reviewed and evaluated, andthey were thanked. The first objective was attained: we knew more about whyclients stayed on public assistance.

The clients were then informed that E, a vocational counsellor, could assist them ifthey were seriously interested. All eight requested his help. Four are nowemployed full time, earning from $100 to $150 per week with no formal treatment;and through them, four other long-term welfare recipients independently contactedE. Two of those are now also working full time, and the other two are continuinginterviews. Thus of 16 long-term clients seen, six are working full time as a directresult of breaking up their Rehab game, four are in counselling, four refused torelinquish their games, one made an informed decision to continue the game, andthe remaining one is on his own. In view of these results, it is planned to continuethe project.

(*1) See TAB No. 1, p. 3, and No. 2, p. 8, 1962.(*2) Under a program sponsored by the Rehabilitation Service of Contra Costa County Medical Service, Martinez, California(Dr. Louie Girtman, Director), with the cooperation of a local Social Welfare Agency.

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RESEARCH"NO EXIT" REVISITED

Claude Steiner, Director o f Research, S. F. Social Psychiatry Seminars

(Abstracted from a paper presented at Mount Zion Clinic, February, 1961)

The existentialists are aware of the counterphobic nature of "activity."Sartre, in his play No Exit illustrates how three human beings, deprived of any possibility

of engaging in useful activities, or of escaping from each other, quickly becomeinvolved in violent and "painful, internally-programmed,' transactional behavior.Using Sartre's, play as a paradigm, an experimental situation was devised which

was expected to accomplish the following: (1) To expose two individuals to an. activity-less social situation for an extended period of time, thereby hoping to trow into reliefsocially_, and internally programmed transactions, (2) To examine in detail the ,geneticdevelopment of relationships; their course through rituals, pastimes,, games, and intimacy,and (3) To examine the effect that an observer has on social transactions. It is assumed bymany researchers that the observer. does not affect the relationship observed, eventhough there is no evidence for that assumption.

Two young -males picked at random from a population of applicants for

employment, were hired for 36 consecutive hours. Without previous interview and with anabsolute minimum of instructions, they were placed in a small room and observed through'a one-way mirror. The room contained only two chairs, two pillows, two blankets, andhad an adjacent rest room. Food was administered through a slot, and an electricrecording plus extensive notes were obtained. Afterward the S's were interviewed. Twosuch experiments were performed. The situation effectively prevented the S's fromengaging in "activities" (as defined by Berne). As a consequence they were rapidly forcedto exhaust rituals and pastimes, and individual programming became evident andbegan to increase in frequency within fifteen minutes after the, beginning of the experiment.. It was observed that in both experiments a form of "bargaining-over-stroking" (*1) took

place, the outcome_ of which set the stage for all subsequent behavior. In E-1, subject W

refused to establish a "reciprocal trade agreement" at the high stroking level that subjectB demanded, while in E-2 reciprocity at a high level was agreed. upon.. These "tradeagreements" radically affected the rest of the transactions: in the case of E-1 the S's

were silent for more than 75% of the period, slept. fitfully, and demonstrated andreported acute discomfort. In E-2 the S's were silent less than 25% of the total time, sleptsoundly and demonstrated and reported less discomfort.

Although no statement was made to the S's, they assumed that they were beingobserved. They reacted in several spheres as if a Parental person were in the roomparticipating in the transactions, though silent. It seems impossible to accept the viewthat the observer does not significantly affect the situation, and this influence should bestudied rather than ignored.

It is felt that this experimental paradigm is to the observation and measurement ofsocial behavior what the "Skinner box" is to reinforcement: a narrowly defined situationdesigned to emphasize certain variables.

A further experiment is being planned, with game theory utilities in mind, inwhich the first 15 or 30 minutes will be observed with special attention to themanner in which "stroking trade agreements" take place early in relationships andaffect their course.

(*1) Kupfer, D. "On Stroking." TAB No. 2, p. 9, 1962. 3 6

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NEVUS FROM ABROAD

COSTA RICAThe Editor of the Bul letin spent an interest ing ten days in Costa

Rica. "Group work" is conducted there under the auspices of theDepartmento Proteccion Materno Infantil (Dr. Miguel Asis B., Director),with weekly classes on pediatric health for mothers and fathers. On a visitto the Chapui Mental Hospital in San Jose (Dr. Gonzalo Gonzales-Murillo,

Director), the Editor was greatly pleased to meet an old friend whoattended the original Seminars at Mount Zion several years ago, Dr.Gonzalo ("Chalo") Adis-Castro, now chief psychologist of this 850-bedhospital He is also organizing psychological research at the University ofCosta Rica. Dr. Adis-Castro, who spent time at Vineland, N. J., and at OakKnoll Naval Hospital as well as at Mount Zion, asked to be remembered toall his friends in this country.

Dr. Adis-Castro acted as interpreter for an evening seminar onstructural analysis and transactional analysis proper, held at his homeand attended by several of the psychologists and psychiatrists. Thefollowing morning at the hospital, the whole professional staff, includingthe nurses, and some outside visitors as well, attended a session on time-structuring and games, again with Dr. Adis-Castro translating as we wentalong. The audience exhibited an intelligent and indefatigable interest in"el Padre," "el Adulto," and "el Nino," as well as in "los juegos" and "lastransacciones" in general. The net result was that the group therapists andother staff members, many of whom are planning to take further training inNorth America, expressed a spontaneous interest in forming a studygroup in transactional analysis. Any of our members who can visit thisfascinating country are certainly assured of a warm professional welcomeat the mental hospital.

SWEDENBarbara Rosenfeld reports that transactional analysis and its literature,

which is already found in many psychiatric libraries there, is arousingincreased interest in Sweden (in great measure due to her efforts). We arealready receiving correspondence on the subject from that country.

LOS ANGELESThe Los Angeles Branch of the Association of Medical Group

Psychoanalysts held its first meeting on May 31, 1962, and elected thefollowing officers: Dr. Gordon Saver, President; Dr. Richard Parlour,Secretary-Treasurer; and Dr. Jack Jurasky, Chairman,' Educational

Committee. Dr. James Jackson is Western Representative of thisorganization. Transactional analysis is well represented here, since Drs.

Jackson, Parlour, and Jurasky are Members of our seminars.

A LIVING PROBLEM"DESTINY IN THE SCHOOL-ROOM"

Cyprian St. Cyr

An eight year old boy distressed his parents and teachers becausehe would not work at school. In the course of a conversation he said that

he did not like school and anyway when he grew up he was planning tobe a soldier and get killed by a machine-gun bullet.

There were about thirty minutes left after that remark, and it wasnot possible to talk to him again. How would you spend the remainingtime most profitably for him and for yourself? Would you encouragehim to study at school? If so, why? If not, why?

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Transactional Analysis Bulletin, Supplement #1, has been published for thebenefit of those teaching this subject clinically or academically. It is entitledOutline For An Introductory Course In Transactional Analysis and Social Dynamics.The first edition is 13 pages in mimeograph, interleaved with blank foolscappages for instructors' notes, giving topical headings for a course of eightlectures. So far the demand has been satisfactory. Subscriptions at $2.00 may, besent to Transactional Analysis Bulletin, P.O. Box 5747, Carmel, California.

ANNUAL MEETINGThe Annual Business Meeting of the San' Francisco Social Psychiatry Seminars,'

Inc. will be held on Tuesday, October 16, 1962, at 1200 Washington Street, SanFrancisco;' at 10 p.m., following the regular scientific session. Officers and directorswi ll'be'-elected for., the coming year, and such otherbusiness as

''may come before the meeting will be, considered.

PERSONALS

Bill Collins has completed his tour of duty as a Navy Aviation Pilot, and is

now a therapist in the newnarcotics unit atTehachapi, near Los Angeles,Frances Matson has been appointed Supervisor of Social Work at the Centre

for Information & Therapy on Alcoholism in Oakland.Dave Meltzer and E. H. Cramer, now, at Brooks Air Force Base, spoke on

transactional analysis at a meeting of group therapists in San Antonio, Texas, and rousedsufficient interest to be asked back for a ' repeat.

Paul McCormick has been selected by Alameda County Juvenile Justice Commissionfor the newly created position of finding employment. for graduates of Senior Boys

Camp and the Girls Home, a project financed by a grant fromthe Rosenberg Foundation. He attributes his selection and promotion t o senior

deputy probation officer to having spoken "Martian" (i.e., pertinently and straight-forwardly) to the selection committee.

Jacqui Olsen has been awarded a teaching fellowship at William and Mary andis now living in Richmond. Virginia.

Barbara Rosenfeld spent the summer in Sweden as an observer at LinkopingPsychiatric Hospital in, Stockholm. She has now entered her second year- atWomens Medical College in Philadelphia.

Myra Schapps has moved to Los Angeles, where her husband, John C. Schapps, willbe a referee for the Juvenile Court of Los Angeles County. She will be at the State

Department of Social Welfare .in Los Angeles.Jim Starrels has left for a wander year. He will spend eighteen months

travell ing around the world, after ' which he plans to resume practice in Philadelphia, his home town.

George(Our sponsored orphan in Crete)

George was not promoted because he was ill most 'of the school year. He isrepeating first grade. His favorite subject is reading. He is 8 years old and is 4'2"tall and weighs 55 pounds. His mother earns $6.66 a month, supplemented bythe products of four hens. George's father was a fisherman, but he had no boat

and used dynamite. One day he made a find - a mine from World War II, full ofuseful explosives. That is how George became an orphan.

ORGANIZATIONAL NEWS

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EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES

Course 202, Applied Social Dynamics, will continue to meet every Tuesday evening at8:30 p.m. until December 11 at the office of Eric Berne, M.D., 1200 Washin : ton Street inSan Francisco. Qualified visitors are welcome. It is suggested that they check in advance bytelephone, PRospect 6-4256, and they are requested not to arrive before 8:20 p.m.

The proceedings for the past quarter are abstracted in this issue of theBulletin. During the Autumn Quarter, it is anticipated that therapy groups fromprivate practice and from various Bay Area clinics, hospitals, and institutions will bepresented for transactional and game analysis, interspersed with special lectures anddidactic-clinical discussions.

Introductory CourseFor the Fall Trimester, 1962, the following course will be offered starting

October 10, open to those with a degree in the medical or social sciences who areengaged in professional work in those fields or are registered for advanced studyat a recognized university or college. A Certificate of Completion will be issued atthe end of the course.

101. Introductory Social Dynamics. A theoretical introduction to groupdynamics, structural analysis, and transactional analysis. Wednesday evenings at8:30. Eight meetings, October 10 - November 28. Fee $40. Instructor: Dr.Berne

The course will meet at the office of Eric Berne, M.D., 1200 WashingtonStreet, in San Francisco.

For further information or enrollment, write or call the Secretary, ViolaLitt, 529-28th Street, San Francisco 14, or telephone MIssion 8-7046 or PRospect6-1300.

EXTRAMURAL TEACHING

During the past quarter, regular teaching continued at Langley-Porter Clinic,Stanford-Palo Alto Psychiatric Clinic, California Medical Facility, Mendocino, Dewitt,and Stockton State Hospitals, and the V.A. Hospital in Roseburg, Oregon. Special one-day workshops were also given at Mendocino State Hospital and at Roseburg, and twoseminars for the staff of the Asilo Chapui, in San Jose, Costa Rica.

Dr. Eric Berne has been appointed consultant in group therapy at McAuley Clinic(St. Mary's Hospital) in San Francisco. There are full facilities for teaching group therapythere, including observation and tape-recording, and most important, a receptivestaff and an active program with complete academic freedom under leadership of Dr.Michael Khlentzos, the Chief of Staff at the Clinic. An excellent groundwork hasalready been laid for the most productive use of these facilities by Dr. DonaldBrown, who is leaving to study community psychiatry at Columbia. Present plans callfor the development of a full three year residency training program in grouptherapy, offering an opportunity to meet the most rigorous standards for suchtraining, both didactic and clinical.

One of the most stimulating aspects is the transfer of the complete membershipof a sophisticated transactional therapy group, for teaching purposes, from MountZion Psychiatric Clinic to the McAuley Clinic (with the approval of both clinicheads).

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The Seminars

The San Francisco Social Psychiatry Seminars function as an educational in-stitute for people in the broad field of social psychiatry: psychiatrists,psychologists, psychiatric nurses and social workers, correctional officers,social scientists, and educators. The teaching is primarily oriented towardgroup therapy and group work based on transactional analysis. Research in socialdynamics is carried on as funds become available. Since there is no endowment, theSeminars, nowin their fifth year, have been almost entirely supported fromtuition fees. Contributions are always welcome.

The Seminars are open to those with a degree in medicine or thesocial sciences who are engaged in professional work in those fields orare registeredfor advanced study at a recognized university. In certain cases, well-recommended undergraduates are eligible to attend. Professional workers arealways welcome to visit the permanent clinical seminar (Course No. 202)which runs all year round, and can become Active Members, if, otherwiseeligible, on completion of'the Introductory Course' or its, equivalent.

Active members who leave the San Francisco area or for otherreasons cannot continue regular attendance are invited to becomeMembers At Large ($10 per year, or $5 per year for students). They will receivethe Bulletin and retain their attendance'and voting privileges.

Professional workers who wish to receive the Bulletin and have theprivilege of attending the Seminars whenever they are in. San Franciscomay become Associate Members ($5 per year), Subscriptions to the Bulletin areavailable to institutions and libraries at $3 per year.

The Seminars meet in mid-week at 1200 Washington Street, SanFrancisco. Correspondence regarding attendance should be addressed to the Secretary,San Francisco Social Psychiatry Seminars, 529-28th Street, San Francisco14. Those desiring mail membership (At large or Associate)-may fill: in the coupon.below.

Send to:T._A. Bulletin, .P.0. Box 5747, Carmel,: Califarnia

Please. enroll me in the San Francisco Social Psychiatry Seminars

as a Member At Large ( )' ($T0) Student Member At Large ( ) ($5)

Associate Member ( ) ($5).. Subscriber ( ) ($3

Name:________________________________

Address:_____________________________________________

Profession:________________________________

Affiliation

Check enclosed( ) Send bill.( )(U.K. 6/ per dollar)