Sentences and Paragraphs

Sentences and ParagraphsWarm Up:Write a quick paragraph of 5 sentences!The RUN-ONTwo complete sentences punctuated like one sentence.Two separate thoughts run into each other.

Ex. Researchers have created a virtual frog it will allow students to see the inside of a frog on the computer.Researchers have created a virtual frog. It will allow students to see the inside of a frog on a computer.Revise the Run-On!Asteroids are tiny planets they are sometimes called planetoids.

Some asteroids shine with a steady light, others keep changing in brightness. (hint- add a conjunction)

You can use a telescope to view Saturn, you can visit a planetarium.

Many of Saturns moons have large caters the crater on Mimas covers one third of its diameter.

Saturn has about twenty moons Titan is the largest.

Some of the clouds are yellow, others are off-white. Combining SentencesShort sentences are ok sometimes, but can make your writing sound CHOPPY.We want flowing language!Makes the sentence clearer, more interesting and shorter.COMPARE- Choppy v. CombinedThomas Edison invented the phonograph. He also experimented with mechanical toys. Many people do not know this. Edison created a talking doll. He created the talking doll in 1894. the doll would recite a nursery rhyme or poem. It said the words when a crank in its back was turned. The talking doll was very popular. Edison opened a factory. The factory made five hundred of the dolls every day.Thomas Edison invented the phonograph. Many people do not know that he also experimented with mechanical toys. Edison created a talking doll in 1984. When a crank in its back was turned, the doll recited a poem or nursery rhyme. The talking doll was very popular and Edison opened a factory that made five hundred of the dolls every day.Inserting WordsTake a key word from one sentence and insert it into another.

Ex. Easter lily plants have leaves. The leaves have points.Easter lily plants have pointed leaves.Practice Inserting WordsPeanuts are a crop of may warm regions. They are a major crop.

The oil from peanuts is used in many dressings. The dressings are for salad.

Peanuts are a food for snacking. Peanuts are good for your health.Inserting Words PhrasesA phrase is a group of words that acts as a single part of speech (does not have both a subject and a verb).Take a phrase from one sentence and add it to another.Ex. Arachne is a famous figure. She is a figure in Greek mythology.Arachne is a famous figure in Greek Mythology.Inserting Phrases PracticeThey used harpoons. This is how they hunted seals.

Whalers and fur traders came to the region and affected the Inuit way of life. They arrived in the 1800s.

During the summer, traditional Inuit lived in tents. The tents were made from animal skins.Add ing or ed to the verbThe name Inuit refers to several groups of people. These people live in and near the artic.

The name Inuit refers to several groups of people living in and near the artic.Add ing or ed PracticeAnna likes to hike. Anna also likes to swim.

Combining Sentences usingFANBOYF- forA- andN- norB-butO- orY- yetExamples of FanboyDolphins live in the water like fish. The breathe like other mammals.

Dolphins look a little like fish. Porpoises look a little like fish.

Dolphins hunt fish, Dolphins eat fish.

Combining Sentences using Subordinate ClausesA clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb.Independent clauses can stand alone as a sentence.Subordinate clauses (dependent) cannot stand alone because they do not make a complete thought.Use where, when, after, before, wherever, when, while, that**REPLACE THE . WITH A ,Ex. Theresa traveled to Rome. She saw the Sistine Chapel.Theresa traveled to Rome, where she say the Sistine Chapel.PracticeThe pearl is a gem. It is made by certain kinds of oysters and clams.Beautiful pearls are found in tropical seas. The best pearl oysters live there.A pearl becomes round. It is formed in the soft part of the oyster.Semi-colon ;Add a semi-colon to combine two short sentences with the same train of thought.

The grass was luscious. It needed to be cut.The grass was luscious; it needed to be cut.

I found my homework. It was in my locker.I found my homework; it was in my locker.Review 467 BDr. James Naismith invented the game of basketball over one hundred years ago. He probably never guessed the sport would become so popular. He just wanted a new game that could be played indoors. The original basketball teams started in 1891. They had nine players instead of five. The first basket was a peach basket. A player had to climb up and retrieve the ball after each score. Some parts of the game have stayed the same. Players still cannot hold the ball while they run. They must dribble. Thousands of teams across the world now play Dr. Naismiths game.Expanding SentencesNot to create run-ons, but to add detail. (adjectives and adverbs).

Challenge: See how much detail you can add!

The cake looked pretty.While driving the car, he turned the music up.Around the bend came the last horse.Her shampoo smelled good as she washed her hair.Formula for a Good ParagraphIntro sentence- make a claim.Dont start with Yes, because; No, because; or I think .( we know you think, it is your paper)3 supportsEach support should be followed with your detailed explanation of the support.Conclusion- wrap it up and take it home.(REPHRASE YOUR INTRO!)Quick Write Paragraph PromptDescribe an important event you experienced this summer10 sentence minimumUse the paragraph formulaMake sure you have an intro, conclusion, 3 supports and explanations4 compound sentencesSELL YOUR EXPERIENCE- adjectives and adverbsHow did it look, sound, smell, taste. Details!!What makes a good paragraph?UNITYAll sentences tell about, or support, a main idea.This main idea is called the TOPIC SENTENCE.CoherenceReaders can tell how and why ideas are connected.Arrange details in an order that makes senseLink ideas with transitional words.Order of DetailsChronological-Presents details in the order which they happen.Spatial order-Presents details according to their location.Logical order-Groups related ideas together.ChronologicalUse it toTell a storyExplain a processCreate a cause-effect chainSpatial Use it to describe something.Like a video camera scanning a scene.LogicalUse it whenInformation fits into categories.Informative paragraph.Compare and contrast.Transitional Words and PhrasesComparing and Contrasting:alsoalthoughandanotherbuthoweverlikelikewisein the same waysimilarlymoreover on the other handtoounlikeyetTransitional Words and PhrasesShowing Cause and Effect:as a resultconsequentlysobecausesincetherefore

Showing Support:for examplefor instancein fact

Showing Time:Transitional Words and PhrasesShowing Support:for examplefor instancein fact

Showing Time:aboutfinallyoftenafterfirst, secondsoonatthenat lastimmediatelythereafterbeforelateruntilduringmeanwhilewheneventuallynextwhileTransitional Words and PhrasesShowing Place:aboveacrossamongaroundbeforebehindbelowbeneathbesidebetweenbydowntherebehindhereunderbelowinSample- Identify I, C, E, Con; Identify transitional words that add cohesion.Cheetahs are the fastest animals on land. A typical cheetah runs faster than a car moving at average speed. In fact, cheetahs can move from a standstill to 45 miles per hour in two seconds. Their top speed has been clocked at 70 miles per hour, as fast a many highway speed limits. Cheetahs can sprint so well because their bodies are adapted for speed. They have small heads, short ears and long sleek bodies. Unlike other cats, they also have claws that do not retract. Their non retractable claws enable them to turn corners quickly and maintain good traction. Cheetahs use this incredible speed to help them survive. The speed allows cheetahs to hunt prey and to outrun predators. The cheetahs fast speed allows them to pounce on their prey before the prey is able to escape. Moreover, the cheetahs incredible speed makes it a unique animal, earning the title of fastest animal on land.4 main purposes for writing:Narrative- to tell a story (or sequence of events)

Descriptive- to describe a scene or an object

Expository- to provide information, including facts, instructions and definitions.

Persuasive- to share opinions and convince others to agree or take action.