what is the definition of significant? how is “digit” used in this phrase?
TRANSCRIPT
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What is the definition of significant?
How is “Digit” used in this phrase?
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Nonzero digits 654
Zeros between nonzero digits 6042
Zeros to the right of a nonzero digit and to the left of a decimal
4230. Zeros to the right of a nonzero digit and to
the right of a decimal 0.30
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Zeros to the left of decimal in values less than one
0.82 Zeros to the right of decimal and to the left
of the first nonzero digit 0.082
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Exact Conversion factors are considered to have unlimited significant digits
1000 mm = 1 m Counting numbers have unlimited sig digs
6 doughnuts
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How many significant digits?◦ 1044 (4)◦ 10 (1)◦ 10. (2)◦ 0.10 (2)◦ 130 (2)◦ 1040 (3)◦ 0.12 (2)◦ 1060220 (6)◦ 0.3000 (4)◦ 1040. (4)
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Why do we use an elevator?Why is a fax machine an office requirement?Why do we drive a car to work?Which is faster, a whisk or a blender?Why do we use a microwave oven?
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Why should you use scientific notation?When should you use scientific notation?
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602200000000000000000000
This number represents the number of molecules in one “MOLE” of material.
BUT
◦ You have to know the formula of the material.
602000000000000000000000◦ Write it five times!
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602000000000000000000000 Want to write it five more times? Lets write it again like this:
◦ 6.022 X 1023
◦ This is called scientific notation.◦ Write this one five times!
Which would you rather write? WHY?
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6.022 x 1023 + 4.522 x 1022
◦ These numbers cannot be added as written. ◦ The exponents must be the same in order to add
or subtract. = 6.022 x 1023 + 0.4522 x 1023
= 6.474 x 1023
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6.022 x 1023 x 2.37 x 1022
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I’m making omelets for a bunch of people. I need a lot of eggs.
What is “a dozen” eggs? Express a dozen eggs in scientific notation:
◦ 1.2 X 101
Can you think of two mathematical ways to express TWO dozen eggs (use scientific notation)?◦ 2 x (1.2 X 101)◦ (1.2 X 101) + (1.2 X 101)
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To Remember about SciNot Properly expressed, a SciNot value will have
one nonzero digit to the left of the decimal. In converting to SciNot:
◦ 165467 ◦ For each place you move the decimal left,
increase the exponent by 1◦ = 1.65467 X 105 (6 Significant Digits)
In converting to SciNot:◦ 0.00002350◦ For each place you move the decimal right,
decrease the exponent by 1◦ = 2.350 X 10-5 (4 Significant Digits)
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The language of chemistry is mathematical and verbal.
The typical measurement system of chemistry is the SI system.
◦ Length = Meters (m)◦ Mass = Grams (g)◦ Volume = Liters (L)◦ Temperature = Kelvins (k) or degrees celsius °C◦ Pressure = Pascals (Pa) or Atmospheres (atm)
There are more conversions that we will cover later.
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Metric conversions – Remember this acronym:◦ KHDmdcm
g L
King Hector Died monday drinking chocolate milk
Use this acronym when converting from one metric unit to another metric unit.
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Example: ◦ Convert 650 mL (milliliters) to L Liters
K H D (L) d c m
K H D (L) d c m
Since you have to Jump 3 places to the left,move the decimal point 3 digits to the left.
You have to move 3 places left.
6 5 0 .= 0.650 L
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Example II: ◦ Convert 7.25 Km (Kilometers) to m (meters)
K H D (m) d c m
K H D (L) d c m
Since you have to Jump 3 places to the right,move the decimal point 3 digits to the right and add a zero.
You have to move 3 places right.
7 . 2 5 0 . = 7250. m
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Try! Convert 72.5 g to mg
Answer: 72,500 mg
Try one more: Convert 26 HL to dL
Answer: 26,000 dL
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1. Convert 65 mg to g
2. How many Decagrams are in 5 grams?
3. How many kilograms are in 7588 grams?
4. How many deciliters are in 2.7 liters?
5. How many km are in 102,000 cm?