® what is a trademark? trademark: a distinctive sign which identifies the goods and services of one...
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®What is a Trademark?
Trademark:
A distinctive sign which identifies the goods and services of one company from those of another
A trademark helps consumers to identify and choose between products/services based on their reputation and quality
Coca-Cola registered since 1887
Nike registered since 1971
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Trademark
Different types of trademarks:
Word e.g. DELICJUSZ
Logo e.g.
Word/Logo e.g.
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TrademarkDifferent types of trademarks
Numerals/Letters
3D
Slogans RADOŚĆ SMAKU DLA DOROSŁYCH I DZIECIAKÓW
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Trademark
Different types of trademark
Well-known mark
Collective mark?
Certification mark?
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Requirements for a Good Trademark
Distinctive (unique)
Not descriptive
Not similar or identical
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Distinctive
Distinctive (unique) and not descriptive for the type of product or service being registered
but
if descriptive, it can be registered only if sufficient evidence of use is presented - acquired distinctiveness
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DISTINCTIVENESS
TENNISSHOES
CHEESE FROM DENMARK
ADIDAS TENNISSHOES
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Distinctive Yes No
Word SUPPER
Logo
Word/Logo
Super
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New Kinds of Trademarks• 3-dimensional• Sound• Smell• Feel• Moving• What the future brings• Colours
Important: Graphic reproduction!
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EXAMPLES
”The smell of freshly cut grass”
3-D
SOUND
SMELLS
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Distinctiveness
3D
Slogan COCA-COLA IS THE MUSIC
÷ THE BEST PIZZAS UNDER ONE ROOF
+ PEPSI THE CHOICE OF A NEW GENERATION
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Exercise
Half price for clothes
Jaguar for cars
Tetley for tea bags
Handy for chainsaws
X
X
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Similar/Identical
If it concerns the same or similar/identical products and services:
The name of product/service cannot be similar or identical to a previous mark
however The same similar/identical brand name can be used for
different products/services in different classes
but
Well-known marks have a broader scope
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Similar/Identical
Meaning the way the mark is:
Written
Looks
Phonetic (sounding)
Conceptual similarity
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Similar/Identical - Examples
Written
Looks
Sounding
Conceptual Star/Stern
Cool/Kool
Basket / BuskitFor You/ 4 U
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Exercise
Riverland
Timberland
Zymlin Xymelin
Eurica Erika
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Varied Protection of a trademark
How close can you get to another trademark?
Strong trademark gives wider protection
Weak trademark gives less protection
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Examples – Strong/Weak
DERMATECH
SAMSUNG
PRINCE
BP
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Classification system
Like a library system
45 classes
Important to make a good list of goods and services
Think 5 years ahead
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How to apply
Sprawdź, czy nie naruszasz praw osób trzecich;
Złóż prawidłowo wypełniony formularz zgłoszenia i wnieś
stosowne opłaty; (w przypadku wątpliwości skorzystaj z
profesjonalnej pomocy rzecznika patentowego);
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International Protection
Trademark filed: National Office – acquires national protection
EU system:
OHIM – acquire protection in 25 member states
International system:
Madrid Protocol – member states
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EU Trademark - Community Trade Mark
Covers the entire European Community – 25 Member States
Apply at the OHIM Offices in Alicante (e-filing accepted)
(or National Office)
Fees (can be viewed at the OHIM website: www.oami.europa.eu)
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Obtaining an EU trademark
There are some differences between theNational trademark system and the EU system:
Distinctiveness
Similarity
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International filing
Madrid
National Applications e.g. in Australia, USA
Priority claimed for a Polish application within 6 months
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INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION
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Consequences of infrigingIf you infringe someone else’s trademark or design, you may risk:
Injunction, which means that all the infringer’s products with the infringing trademark on or the same design can be removed from the marked
Destruction of products Being given a fine Being sentenced to imprisonment (in gross cases)
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Consequences of infriging
Paying damages to the trademark or design owner
e.g. Burberry vs. Zebra
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®Why register?
To have an exclusive right
Stop others from copying
Certificate of ownership
™