Economic Development

Development

Absolute Poverty Relative Poverty

Rank the Countries

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Development:

Standard of living:

Quality of life:

Development Indicators

Social:

Economic:

Demographic:

True or False: Rich and Poor1. The richest 225 people in the world have a combined wealth of $1

trillion2. The richest 225 people in the world have a combined annual income

the same as the income of the world’s 2.5 billion poorest people3. 3 billion people live on less than $2 a day4. 1.3 billion people live on less than $1 a day5. 70% of the people living on less than $1 a day are women6. The wealthiest MEDCs are 82 times richer than the average LEDC7. Bill Gates (Microsoft) makes more money a year than the combined

income of the bottom 45% of American households.8. A half of the world’s poor live in South Asia9. A quarter of the world’s poor live in Sub-Saharan Africa

10. A quarter of the world’s poor live in East Asia (Mainly China

Indicator Translator What does it tell us about a country?

Social economic or

demographic?

GNP per capita

Literacy rate

Infant mortality

People per doctor

Newspapers per1000 people

TV ownership per 1000 people

Life expectancy

% peopleemployed in farming(Primary industry)

Country A B C D

Life Expectancy 47 74 42 78

% Literacy Rate 25 91 100 99

% Primary employment

47 39 5 1.2

Which of the countries do you feel is an LEDC? Explain your thinking.

Which of the countries do you feel is an MEDC? Explain your thinking.

Which of the countries is an NIC (Newly Industrialised Country)? Explain your thinking.

Which of the data sets do you feel is incorrect? Explain your thinking.

What criticisms can you make of using data, like in the table above, to judge quality of life?

Indicator Statistic usedHealth

Education

Wealth

Country HDI1 Norway 0.9442 Australia 0.9333 Switzerland 0.9174 Netherlands 0,9155 USA 0.914

Country HDI1 Sierra Leone 0.374

Human Development Index

The Human Development Index (HDI) is an alternate way of measuring development.

A score is given between 0-1, based on a composite of three indicators. The closer to 1, the more developed the country.

HDI 2014- Top FiveWhat type of counties are at the top of the HDI list? Why is this case?

2 Chad 0.3723 Central African Republic 0.3414 Demographic Republic of Congo 0.3385 Niger 0.337

Development Continuum

The Millennium Goals

Goals Description

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Aid

HDI 2014- Bottom Five

What type of counties are at the top of the HDI list? Why is this case?

How will the Millennium Goals attempt to close the Development Gap?

What is aid?

Aid Projects

Top Down Projects

Who has the power?

Characteristics of Top Down Projects

AID PROJECTS MOST LIKELY TO

Top Down Projects

Who has the power?

Characteristics of Top Down Projects

Decide whether each statement below is most likely to describe a large scale aid project or a small scale aid project.

1. Cost a lot of money

10. Use appropriate technology (technology that is suited to the needs and skills of local people)

2. Involve money from Governments or agencies like the World Bank

11. Be a project like the Aswan Dam in Egypt

3. Meet the needs of local people

12. Help to build a good image of the country

4. Attract rich foreign investors

13. Use scarce resources and raw materials

5. Use local materials and resources

14. Be organized by NGO’s ( Non Governmental Organisations like charities)

6. Be a target for terrorism 15. Lead to the recipient country becoming more in debt

7. Use intermediate technology (matching the technology to the skills and the needs of local people)

16. Involve a top down approach

8. Be sustainable 17. Involve a bottom up approach

9. Help large numbers of people

18. The aid given made be tied (have conditions attached

to it)

Questions AnswersLooking at both Top down and bottom up approaches to development, which do you feel is the best option and why?

Foreign aid might be defined as a transfer of money from poor people in rich countries to rich people in poor countries.’ Explain this comment

The Decision – How would you spend the aid money ?

Your charity has to make a decision as to where it should best place its resources – you need to decide on one of the following:

Statement 1Aid creates dependency and will never really take the poorest out of poverty

Statement 2Aid is a powerful way of changing the lives of the poorest for the better

Which do you agree with and why?

a. Invest in herd of goats for a community in Tanzania

b. Invest in Computer Aid in Africa

Task Explain which option you think would be the most sustainable. In your answer you should:

a) Choose one of the above options and explain why you think it is sustainable Give reasons for rejecting the other option (10 marks)

b) Give an example of a stakeholder who would be against your decision and explain your reasons (3)

c) Give an example of a stakeholder who would be in favour of your decision and explain your reasons (3) marks)

Chosen Option – Number ________________________

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