Chapter 2: Population and Health: Key Issue 1Where In The World Do People Live And Why?De Blij, pp. 36-45

POPULATION CONCENTRATIONS1. The world’s population is highly clustered, or concentrated in certain regions. THREE major population concentrations are identified in the text. Shade and label the areas of these concentrations on the map. ONE smaller concentration, or emerging cluster, are also identified. Indicate these on the map as well.

2. In the boxes below, make note of significant facts, features, countries involved, and characteristics of the four most important population concentrations and two secondary ones.

1 Created by Mr. Mendoza

EAST ASIA SOUTH ASIA

EUROPE NORTH AMERICA SOUTHEAST ASIA (Given in class)

● SPARSELY POPULATED REGIONS (IN CLASS) – Rubenstein for 3a-4a

3a. Define ecumene:

3b. What would non-ecumene mean?

4a. In the table below, list the four regions on earth which are sparsely populated. For each region, briefly explain the reason(s) it is inhospitable for human habitation.

Sparsely populated land Reason

4b. Use the map on page 42-43 in your textbook to prepare a sketch map which shows the overall world population distribution. Use the dot-distribution system in order to identify the levels of highest concentration.

2 Created by Mr. Mendoza

POPULATION DENSITY

5. Define each of the following terms on the left side and make some additional notes about the type of density on the right side.

population density

arithmetic population density

physiologic population density

agricultural density (in class)

3 Created by Mr. Mendoza

6. List 5 countries with very high physiological density. Use the area and demographic data for the World’s States section in Appendix B (back of the book pgs. A-10 – A-16). Look for the Population Density section on the chart and focus on the “Physiologic” column. You may choose countries from a variety of areas of the world.

*

*

*

*

*

7. Define each of the following:

a. census

Population and Health: Key Issue 2Why Do Populations Rise or Fall In Particular Places?De Blij pp. 45-60

● MALTHUS ON OVERPOPULATION10. What was Thomas Malthus’s basic argument?

11. Complete the table below to describe the views and theories of various population theorists.

Thomas Malthus Neo Malthusians Malthus’s Critics

4 Created by Mr. Mendoza

12. Where was Malthus right?

13. In what way was Malthus mistaken?

14. World Population Growth - Use the map on page 46-47 in your textbook to prepare a sketch map which shows the annual natural rate of population increase by country. Use a variety of colors and include a key.

15. Using the chart below, identify the reasons for which the following 5 areas of the world have experienced an increase or decrease in population growth.

Areas of the World/Countries

Reason(s) for or in the population growth in the area/country. Use specific examples of countries.

Sub-Sahara Africa

North Africa & Southwest Asia (Middle East)

South Asia

South America

5 Created by Mr. Mendoza

Russia

● FERTILITY

16a. Define total fertility rate (TFR):

16b. Define aging index:

16c. Define doubling time:

16d. Define zero population growth:

16e. If the global “average” TFR is 2.5, what TFR is needed in order to keep a population stable over time?

17. Which countries have experienced declining TFR rates in recent years? Provide the data for each nation.

18. Use the map below to complete the corresponding chart below to show the regions of global “highs and lows” in TFR. Given In class.

6 Created by Mr. Mendoza

Region TFRGlobal “high” 5 or

Europe Global “low”

● THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANISITION - COMPONENTS OF POPULATION GROWTH

1. Define each of the following:

a. crude birth rate (CBR)

b. crude death rate (CDR)

c. natural increase rate (NIR)

2a. What is the world NIR today – LOOK IN APPENDIX PG. A-11?

2b. What is the NIR of the United States – LOOK IN APPENDIX PG. A-12?

3. When did global NIR peak, and what was it – GIVEN IN CLASS?

4. About how many people are being added to the world’s population each year – GIVEN IN CLASS?

5. Define doubling time:

6. In what world regions is most growth occurring – GIVEN IN CLASS?

7 Created by Mr. Mendoza

● THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL – VERY IMPORTANT!!! (USE YOUR RUBENSTEIN READING & TEXTBOOK)

1. The demographic transition is a____________ of ____________ in a society’s ___________________ from high ___________________________ and low __________________________ to a condition of low ______________________________________, low ____________________________ and a _______________________ total population.

2. Fill in the chart below with characteristics describing each stage in the demographic transition model (CBR, CDR, NIR, etc.). Characterize the amount of growth of each stage (high, low, stable, etc.)

Demographic Transition ModelSTAGE 1 STAGE 2 STAGE 3 STAGE 4

8 Created by Mr. Mendoza

3. There are certain events and forces that push a country into its next stage. In the boxes below indicated these events/forces for each stage.

Stage 1 event/force Stage 2 event/force Stage 3 event/force Stage 4 event/force

● COUNTRIES IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION

4. In the table below, which represents the four stages of demographic transition, identify a country which is in that stage and briefly describe why it is where it is.

STAGE 1

STAGE 2

STAGE 3

STAGE 4

9 Created by Mr. Mendoza

Stages of Demographic Transition: Example countries

Population and Health: Key Issue 3Why Does Population Composition Matter?De Blij pp. 60-61

POPULATION COMPOSITION & POPULATION PYRAMIDS

1. What type of graph is a population pyramid?

2. How are ages grouped on a population pyramid?

3. What does the length of the bar represent?

4. How is gender indicated on a population pyramid?

FOR THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS USE THE POPULATION PYRAMIDS EXAMPLES ON PG. 61

5. Using Figure 2.16 – What is the general trend among poorer countries that have high population growth rates? (List at least 2)

6. According to the text, in what ways does the population pyramid change?

7. According to Figure 2.16 – Which age group makes up the highest % population in both Niger & Guatemala?

8. According to Figure 2.17 – Which age group in 2010 makes up the highest % of population in the USA?

REFLECTION – Using your answer for #8 (above), what does this tell you about our country and what future problems do you foresee for the United States?

10 Created by Mr. Mendoza

Population and Health: Key Issue 4/How Does The Geography of Health Influence Population Dynamics?De Blij pp. 62-72______________________________________________________________________________________● INFANT MORTALITY

9. Define Infant Mortality Rate (IMR):

10. What does the IMR of a country tell us?

11. List the general causes of high IMR in any given country?

12. WORLD INFANT MORTALITY - Use the map on page 62-63 in your textbook to prepare a sketch map which shows the annual global infant mortality rate by country. Use a variety of colors and include a key.

13. According to the map above, what is the general pattern for IMR? (who’s higher/lower – please list countries or regions as examples)

11 Created by Mr. Mendoza

14. USA Infant Mortality Rate – Use the blank map and pg. 64 in order to answer the following questions. Include a key.

14a. Which area of the USA has the highest IMR? The Lowest IMR?

14b. Of the 50 states (not including the District of Colombia – D.C.) where does the state of California rank in terms of IMR? Which state has the highest? Which has the lowest?

● LIFE EXPECTANCY Use the map on page 68-69 in your textbook to prepare a sketch map which shows the annual global life expectancy rate by country. Use a variety of colors and include a key.

15. What is life expectancy?

16. Which region has the lowest life expectancy? What is the region’s life expectancy? See Appendix B

17. List 8 countries that have life expectancies of 80 years or above: (Refer to Map or Appendix B)

12 Created by Mr. Mendoza

INFLUENCE ON HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

18. Define the following terms in the chart below. NOTE! The last 3 (Endemic, Epidemic, Pandemic) are based on when a disease is given this classification. Example: A disease is Epidemic when ……

Type of Disease Definition

Infectious

Chronic/Degenerative

Genetic/Inherited

Endemic Disease

Epidemic Disease

Pandemic Disease

INFECTIOUS DISEASES

19. What is an example of a vectored and nonvectored disease?

20. How can infections diseases “evolve?” Use malaria as an example.

13 Created by Mr. Mendoza

21. The MOST LETHAL pandemic in recent years has been _______________.

22. Where did AIDS originate?

23. AIDS spread through _____________________ diffusion.

24. Where in the world are AIDS rates HIGHEST?

Population and Health: Key Issue 5How Does Government Affect Population Change?De Blij pp. 72-76______________________________________________________________________________________

1. Using the chart below please define the various types of policies that governments will use in order to affect population size in their countries.

Type of Policy Definition Example & Description of Use

Expansive Population Policies

Eugenic Population Policies

Restrictive Population Policies

14 Created by Mr. Mendoza

15 Created by Mr. Mendoza