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WORK, LIFE AND LEISURE
CITIES IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
WORKSHEET NO. – 01 DATED:
In 1880, Durgacharan Ray wrote _________________________________________
According to Durgacharan Ray
Which Gods visited the British India Capital? ________________________________________________________________
Which city was the capital of British India?
_________________________________________
What scenes made the Gods wonderstruck?
____________________________________________________________________
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What did the Gods decide?
____________________________________________________________________
What opportunities Calcutta offered?
____________________________________________________________________
What disturbed the Gods?
____________________________________________________________________
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How was Brahma tricked?
____________________________________________________________________
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What contrasts the Indian cities were displaying?
__________________________________________________________________
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What three historical processes have shaped modern cities in decisive ways?
__________________________________________________________________
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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CITY
The importance of cities as centers of
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The cities supported
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Ancient cities developed when increase in food supplies made it possible to support a wide range
of non-food producers
Industrialization and the Rise of the Modern City in England
The early industrial cities of Britain were
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
Tracing the history of London
By 1750, the population of London was _____________________________________
Between 1810 and 1880 the population of London increased from 1 million to about
_________________________________________________
According to Historian Gareth Stedman Jones the city of London comprised of
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The major industry of London were its dockyards, the other five major types of industry were
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During the First World War (1914 -1918) London began manufacturing
________________ and _________________________
MARGINAL GROUPS
In 1870s ___________________________________ criminals lived in London
What were the following worried about?
POLICE
________________________________________________________________________________
PHILANTHROPISTS
________________________________________________________________________________
INDUSTRIALISTS
________________________________________________________________________________
Henry Mayhew classified many as ‘criminals’ who were ordinary people and lived by stealing
__________________________________________________________________
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What efforts were done by the authorities to discipline the population?
1. ___________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________
THE WOMEN LOST JOBS DUE TO TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS
The women were forced to work as
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FACTORIES EMPLOYED LARGE NUMBER OF WOMEN IN THE LATE 18TH AND EARLY 19TH
CENTURIES
Children were employed ____________________________________________________________
Who wrote The Bitter Cry of Outcast London?
________________________________________________________________________________
Why were children kept out of the Industrial work from 1902 onwards?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
When was the Compulsory Elementary Education Act passed?
__________________________________________________
HOUSING
Why did people migrate in large numbers to London?
______________________________________________
Why were workers forced to live in cheap unsafe housing?
_________________________________________________________________________________
Cheap and unsafe building mostly occupied by the new arrivals were called as
_____________________________________________
What were Charles Booth findings?
1. The average age of poor was __________ years compared to _________ years of the gentry and middle class
2. The poor were more likely to die in
_____________________________________________________________
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IN 1887 CHARLES BOOTH A SHIPOWNER CONDUCTED A
FIRST SOCIAL SURVEY OF LOW SKILLED LONDON WORKERS
What were the reasons for the increased concern of constructing more houses in London for the poor?
1. ___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
CLEANING LONDON
What steps were taken to clean London?
1. ___________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________________
What steps were taken to counter severe housing shortage in Britain during the First World War?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
How were the ‘Lungs’ to the city be provided?
_________________________________________________________________________________
Who developed the concept of Garden City?
_____________________________________________________________
Who designed the garden city of New Earswick?
_________________________________________________________________________________
What were the main features of the new garden cities?
1. ______________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________
What steps were taken in Britian between the two World Wars relating to housing?
1. ____________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________
TRANSPORT IN THE CITY
How transport partially solved housing crisis in London?
________________________________________________________________________________
How was the underground railways helpful?
1. __________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________
Why people were scared to travel in the underground trains?
1. ___________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________
FIRST UNDERGROUND TRAIN
How did Charles Dickens describe the construction of the underground railways?
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________________________
Why were the London poor displaced due to the underground railways?
__________________________________________________________________________________
Which other cities copied the London underground rail network?
1. ___________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________
What were the effects of the underground railways?
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________________
SOCIAL CHANGE IN THE CITY
What was the impact of industrial cities on family and woman?
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________________________
How women became independent in the new British cities?
__________________________________________________________________________________
Men, Women and Family in the City
The cities encouraged a new spirit of _____________________________________________
Did the men and women had access to new urban space on basis of equality - Yes / No
Why did the women stayed in their homes?
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
What different political movements men were involved?
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
What different movements women in Britain supported?
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
What led to the transformation of the urban family by the 20th century?
1. __________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________
Leisure and Consumption
What were the main features of the ‘London Season’?
1. ___________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________
INDIVIDUALISM
3. ___________________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________________
What were the new types of large-scale entertainment for common people?
1. ___________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________________
POLITICS IN THE CITY
Why did the London poor revolt in 1886?
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
What were the effects of the riot of 1886?
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
What was the bloody Sunday of November 1887?
_________________________________________________________________________________
What were the main features of London dockworkers strike of 1889?
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________________
A TYPICAL TAVERN SCENE
What was the impact of the growing population on the politics of the cities?
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
THE CITY IN COLONIAL INDIA
During British rule –
1. 11% Indians were living in cities2. A large number of urban dwellers resided in the three presidency cities3. These were multi-functional cities
Bombay: The Prime City of India?
1. Bombay was initially a Portuguese colony2. In 1661 British king Charles II married Portuguese princess, as dowry Bombay was given to
British3. The East India Company quickly shifted its base from Surat in Gujarat to Bombay
What was the impact of British take over on Bombay?
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________________
Work in the City
The growth of trade in cotton and opium the different communities came to settle in Bombay were –
1. __________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________
FACTS
CHARLES II
What was the impact of growth of Bombay’s industry on women?
1. _________________________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________________________
Why Bombay became a magnet for migrant workers?
1. __________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________
What was the major worry with increasing population of Bombay?
__________________________________________________________________
Housing and Neighbourhood
Why did the pressure on Bombay housing issues increased?
__________________________________________________________________________________
Which communities lived in sprawling spacious bungalows?
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Where did the 70% of the working people lived in Bombay?
________________________________________________
Where were 90% of millworkers housed?
________________________________________________
What were the thickly populated poor housing called in Bombay?
________________________________________________
What were the main features of the ‘chawls’
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________________________
What conditions were common scene in the chawls?
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________________