¡Ven Conmigo a Madrid!

Mina Kasey Haris

History of Madrid

Originally called Mayrit

Founded by emir Muhammad in ninth

century

Arabs were in control of Iberian Peninsula

Toledo was the biggest city under Spanish control

Reconquista of Spain by Christians

Mixture of cultures

King Alfonso I relocated Madrid to where it is now in 1083

Plaza Mayor (main square) was built in the 13th century

by John II

El Pardo Palace (residence for outside royalty) was built soon after by Enrique III

The Spanish Court moved to Madrid in the 16th/17th century

The 19th century was a time of great struggle

The Spanish Constitution of 1978 confirmed Madrid as

capitol city

Architecture in Madrid

Architecture

• Principle styles shaped by monarchical dynasties• Moors• Hapsburgs• Bourbons• Modern

Pre-Capital Madrid• Small town before Phillip II moved court there• Medieval Madrid– Brick mudéjar towers• Mudéjar style by Muslims living on Christian territory in

pre-Inquisition Spain– Example: Las Ventas

» Bullring

Madrid Architecture under the Hapsburgs (16th-17th century)

• Plaza Mayor– Castilian baroque

• Grey slate spires• Brick-red facades

• Other– Puente de Segovia– the Casa de la Villa – El Escorial– "Austrias" neighborhood, also known as "La

Latina" or "Madrid de los Hapsburgos”

Madrid Architecture under the Hapsburgs (16th-17th century)

• Plaza Mayor– Castilian baroque

• Grey slate spires• Brick-red facades

• Other– Puente de Segovia– the Casa de la Villa – El Escorial– "Austrias" neighborhood, also known as "La

Latina" or "Madrid de los Hapsburgos”

Madrid Architecture under the Hapsburgs (16th-17th century)

• Plaza Mayor– Castilian baroque

• Grey slate spires• Brick-red facades

• Other– Puente de Segovia– the Casa de la Villa – El Escorial– "Austrias" neighborhood, also known as "La

Latina" or "Madrid de los Hapsburgos”

Madrid Architecture under the Hapsburgs (16th-17th century)

• Plaza Mayor– Castilian baroque

• Grey slate spires• Brick-red facades

• Other– Puente de Segovia– the Casa de la Villa – El Escorial– "Austrias" neighborhood, also known as "La

Latina" or "Madrid de los Hapsburgos”

Madrid Architecture under the Hapsburgs (16th-17th century)

• Plaza Mayor– Castilian baroque

• Grey slate spires• Brick-red facades

• Other– Puente de Segovia– the Casa de la Villa – El Escorial– "Austrias" neighborhood, also known as "La

Latina" or "Madrid de los Hapsburgos”

Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)

• French and Italian influences–Ornate, decorative–Pedro de Ribera's Hospice–Conde Duque Cuartel–Royal Palace

Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)

• French and Italian influences–Ornate, decorative–Pedro de Ribera's Hospice–Conde Duque Cuartel–Royal Palace

Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)

• French and Italian influences–Ornate, decorative–Pedro de Ribera's Hospice–Conde Duque Cuartel–Royal Palace

Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)

• King Charles III influence– “Bricklayer king“

• Paseo del Prado• Enlightenment institutions

– Museum of Natural Sciences– Astronomical Observatory – Botanical Gardens

• Classically inspired fountains of Cibeles and Neptuno

Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)

• King Charles III influence– “Bricklayer king“

• Paseo del Prado• Enlightenment institutions

– Museum of Natural Sciences– Astronomical Observatory – Botanical Gardens

• Classically inspired fountains of Cibeles and Neptuno

Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)

• King Charles III influence– “Bricklayer king“

• Paseo del Prado• Enlightenment institutions

– Museum of Natural Sciences– Astronomical Observatory – Botanical Gardens

• Classically inspired fountains of Cibeles and Neptuno

Madrid Architecture: 20th Century and Beyond

• Eclectic• Puerta de Europa• Torre Picasso• Reina Sofia Museum

Madrid Architecture: 20th Century and Beyond

• Eclectic• Puerta de Europa• Torre Picasso• Reina Sofia Museum

Madrid Architecture: 20th Century and Beyond

• Eclectic• Puerta de Europa• Torre Picasso• Reina Sofia Museum

Cultural Events and Festivals in Madrid

Carnival

•Celebrated in Madrid since the Middle Ages•Tradition to carry through the streets a coffin with a

cardboard sardine inside•Burial of the sardine marks the beginning of Lent

New Year’s• Puerta del Sol• Tradition to eat a grape for each of the 12

chimes to ring in the New Year and make a wish

Calgabata de Reyes• January 5th (afternoon)

• Children go to bed early and awake to gifts from the Magi in the morning

• Parade with floats and the Three Kings throwing candy to children

Semana Santa

• Takes place during Holy Week

• Processions and events take place in Madrid to honor Mary and Jesus

• A time for Catholics to repent for their sins

Feria de San Isidro• May 8th-15th

• Bullfights take place in the Las Ventas arena• Festival that honors the patron saint of the city• Traditional costumes are worn (Chulapo) for men and

(Chulapa) for women

Veranos de la Villa• August 1st-15th

• Photo exhibitions, operas, concerts, and theatre performances

• Smaller musical performances as well as some internationally acclaimed musicians

Jeopardy

100 100100200

400300

200 200300 300400 400

HISTORY ARCHITECTURE CULTURE

1-100

Where in Spain is Madrid located?

1-200

Who was in control of Madrid (Mayrit) before the Christians?

The Arabs

1-300

When was Madrid confirmed as the capitol city of Spain?

1978

1-400

Which king relocated Madrid to where it is now?

King Alfonso I

2-100

Name one of the two European countries that influenced

Madrid’s architecture

Italy and France

2-200

Name two of the four dynasties that shaped Madrid’s architecture

Moors, Hapsburgs, Bourbons, and Modern

2-300

What style influenced this?

Plaza Mayor

Hapsburgs

2-400

Who is the “bricklayer” king?

King Charles III

3-100

What fruit do people eat to celebrate New Year’s in Madrid?

Grapes

3-200

What animal is carried in a coffin during Carnival?

Sardines

3-300

Where do the bullfights take place?

The Las Ventas Arena

3-400

What is the name of the traditional costume men wear during the Feria de San Isidro?

Chulapo