the direct manipulation of an organisms genome using biotechnology new dna is inserted into a host...
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Genetic Engineering/Recombinant DNA
The direct manipulation of an organisms genome using biotechnology
New DNA is inserted into a host genome Host organism transcribes and translates
that DNA into a protein not normally manufactured by that organism
Important/Interesting Examples: Insulin(and other biopharmaceutical)producing bacteria & animals, GloFish, GMO’s
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Gene Therapy The use of DNA as a drug to treat disease
by delivering therapeutic DNA into a patients cells.
Good gene is inserted using a virus to replace a mutated gene.
Has been used to treat: Choroderemia, Immunodeficiency diseases, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Beta-thalassemia, and color-blindness in dogs
Speculative Uses:• Designer children and curing genetic diseases in
vitro• Gene Doping to improve athletic performance
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DNA Fingerprinting The isolation, imaging and matching of
DNA sequences Used to identify individuals by matching
their DNA profiles Parental Testing, Criminal Investigations,
Identification of suspects & victims, natural disasters, acts of terrorism.
Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA into small pieces that are then separated on a GEL.
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BioInformatics Using computers to store, organize,
and compare the genomes of all living organisms
Uses:• Sequence Analysis & Comparison• Computational Evolutionary Biology• Genetics of Disease: Breast cancer,
Alzheimer’s• Oncogenomics: Analysis of mutations in
cancer• Analysis of causes of epidemics
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Cloning Production of genetically identical
populations of existing organisms, cells or tissues
Important Uses:• Cloning Stem Cells• Cloning whole organisms• Cloning of Extinct & Endangered Species
Some organisms that have been cloned:• Tadpoles, Carp, mice, sheep, pig, cattle, cat,
dog, wolf, camel, Pyrenean Ibex