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The Development of the European Union

Iryna Basova Jillian Dowd

Ruikang Wang

Outline

I. Introduction

II. Importance

III. Development of the EU: from the EC to the EU (50’s to nowadays)

IV. Conclusion

V. Bibliography

The European Union

The European Union is: a political and economic union, which includes 28 European

countries one of the largest market in the world is founded on the values of respect for human dignity, freedom,

democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities. These values are common to the Member States in a society in which pluralism, non-discrimination, tolerance, justice, solidarity and equality between women and men prevail

has a long stage of formation and development

Importance

European Union is one of the most powerful authority in the world, which concerns all areas of our life. The creation of European Union was the result of many years cooperation of countries, which was aimed at prevention war, maintaining peace and security as well as sustainable development and prosperity. Political integration was preceded economic cooperation of the countries, which emerged long before the creation of the EU. In order to understand better peculiarities, advantages and disadvantages, as well as perspectives of the EU it is necessary to know how, when and why it was established

The Development of the EU

The European Coal and Steel Community Established in 1951 and was entered into force on

23 July, 1952 6 Member Countries

Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, and Luxemburg

Goals Establish a common market Economic Expansion Raise standards of living

The Development of the EU

The European Economic Community Treaty of Rome: March, 1957; entered into force 1

January, 1958 Goals:

To transform the conditions of trade and manufactured good on the territory of the community

To construct a political Europe and take steps to unify Europe.

The Development of the EU

European Atom Energy Community (Euratom) Treaty of Rome: March, 1957; entered into force 1

January, 1958 Goals

to contribute to the formation and development of Europe's nuclear industries

to guarantee high safety standards for the public and prevents nuclear materials intended principally for civilian use from being diverted to military use.

The Development of the EU

European Communities Creation of a single institution of the European

Communities Merger Treaty - Brussels Treaty was signed on 8 April

1965, entered into force on 1 July 1967 Single Market establishment and institution reform

Single European Act was signed on 17 February 1986 (Luxembourg)/28 February 1986 (The Hague), entered into force: 1 July 1987

The Development of the EU

European Union Grounds:

Treaty on European Union - Maastricht Treaty from 7 February 1992 (entered into force: 1 November 1993).

Treaty of Amsterdam from 2 October 1997 (entered into force: 1 May 1999).

Treaty of Nice 26 February 2001 (entered into force:1 February 2003).

The Treaty establishing a constitution for Europe 29 October 2004.

Treaty of Lisbon from 13 December 2007 (entered into force: 1 December 2009).

The Development of the EU

European Union The Goals of the EU:

1.To promote peace, its values and the well-being of its peoples.2.To offer its citizens an area of freedom, security and justice without internal frontiers, in which the free movement of persons is ensured in conjunction with appropriate measures with respect to external border controls, asylum, immigration and the prevention and combating of crime.3. To establish an internal market. 4. To work for the sustainable development of Europe based on balanced economic growth and price stability, a highly competitive social market economy, aiming at full employment and social progress, and a high level of protection and improvement of the quality of the environment.5. To promote scientific and technological advance.

The Development of the EU

Goals of the EU: continued

6. To combat social exclusion and discrimination, and shall promote social justice and protection, equality between women and men, solidarity between generations and protection of the rights of the child.7. To promote economic, social and territorial cohesion, and solidarity among Member States. It shall respect its rich cultural and linguistic diversity, and shall ensure that Europe’s cultural heritage is safeguarded and enhanced.8. To establish an economic and monetary union whose currency is the euro.9. To uphold and promote its values and interests and contribute to the protection of its citizens. 10.To contribute to peace, security, the sustainable development of the Earth, solidarity and mutual respect among peoples, free and fair trade, eradication of poverty and the protection of human rights, in particular the rights of the child, as well as to the strict observance and the development of international law, including respect for the principles of the United Nations Charter.

The Development of the EU

European Union The Three Pillars of the EU:

1. The European Communities 2. Common foreign and security policy 3. Police and judicial cooperation

The three pillars structure of the EU was abolished by the Treaty of Lisbon.

The Development of the EU

European Union Competences according to the Treaty on the

functioning of the EU: 1. Exclusive Competences. 2. Shared Competences. 3. Supporting Competences. 4. Special Competences.

The Development of the EU

European Union Main Principles:

Principle of Conferral. Principle of Subsidiarity. Principle of Proportionality.

Discussion Points

European Union as a result of economic and political cooperation of the countries after the World War 2.

The EU can be as strong as its members let it be! What is the effect of the EU on its members?

Balanced competences between EU and member states and the extent of the powers of the EU and the member states?

 The ability of the EU to achieve its goals and to solve problems (for example, the Debt Crisis).

Conclusion

The European Union consists of 28 members, and sets of political and economic entities that have an important influence on regional organizations. The goal of the EU is to establish borders, strengthen economic and social development, and unify currency to balance an economic and social development.

The EU started off as the European Coal and Steel Community, The European Economic Community and the European Atomic Energy Community. Those 3 organizations were the part of the European Community after the Merger Treaty in 1967.

The EC continued to be a part of the EU until 2009 when it was abolished by the Lisbon treaty

Nowadays the EU is huge political and economic union with modern institutions, working methods through which today's challenges (such as globalization, climatic and demographic changes, security and energy etc.) can be solved effectively and efficiently.

Conclusion

All powers still remain to the EU member states but not directly handed to the European Union. The EU has many exclusive competences in some areas. The areas that the EU has competences in are the areas in which the member states rarely have renounced any capacity to enact legislation. In the others areas both the EU and the member states share the competence to legislate. Although both can legislate, member states can only legislate to the extent which the EU has not. In other areas the EU can only co-ordinate, support and supplement member state action but can’t enact legislation with the aim of harmonizing national laws.

Bibliography http://www.ab.gov.tr/files/ardb/evt/1_avrupa_birligi/1_3_antlasmalar/1_3_1_kurucu_antlasma

lar/1951_treaty_establishing_ceca.pdf

http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/institutional_affairs/treaties/treaties_ecsc_en.htm

http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/institutional_affairs/treaties/treaties_maastricht_en.htm

http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/institutional_affairs/treaties/lisbon_treaty/ai0020_en.htm

http://eurlex.europa.eu/en/treaties/index.htm#other

http://www.consilium.europa.eu/contacts/faq?lang=en&faqid=79264

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Communities#Policy_areas

https://www.gov.uk/eu-law-and-the-balance-of-competences-a-short-guide-and-glossary

http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/institutional_affairs/treaties/treaties_eec_en.htm

Thank you for your attention. Please feel free to ask any questions that you may have.