$$$ quiz $$$ gases. the tendency of molecules to move toward areas of lower concentration? (chapter...
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$$$ Quiz $$$
Gases
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The tendency of molecules to move toward areas of lower
concentration? (Chapter 14.4)
diffusion
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What does KMT stand for?
Kinetic molecular theory
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What is the ideal gas law?
PV=nRT
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What do each of the variables in the ideal gas law stand for?
pressure, volume, temperature, moles, gas
constant
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Can you list/name the 5 assumptions made for KMT?
1) Particles are in constant motion. They possess kinetic energy.2) The actual volume of gas particles is negligible. Particles are
far apart.3) Gas particles do not attract or repel.4) The average kinetic energy of a gas is directly proportional to
the Kelvin temperature of the gas.5) All collisions are elastic.
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The theoretical temperature at which molecules stop moving.
Absolute zero, 0oK
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What is an elastic collision?
A collision between gas molecules where there is no
loss of kinetic energy (KE)
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What happens to the pressure of a gas inside a
container if the temperature of the gas increases?
The pressure increases
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What are STP conditions?
0oC or 273 K760 mm Hg or 1.0 atm
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What is the formula for Gay-Lussac’s Law?
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What is the formula for Charles’ Law?
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What is the formula for Boyle’s Law?
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What is the formula for the combined gas law?
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As the temperature of a fixed volume of gas increases, the
pressure will increase. Which gas law is being described?
Gay-Lussac’s Law
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As the volume of gas increases, the pressure decreases in a sample of
gas at fixed temperature. Which gas law is being described?
Boyle’s Law
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As the temperature of a fixed pressure of gas decreases, the
volume will increase. Which gas law is being described?
None, it would be Charles’ Law if the volume decreased
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True or False. The value for R of 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K is the same
anywhere in the galaxy or for that matter in the universe.
True
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You have one mole of gas at 273 K and 1 atm in a balloon. How big must the balloon be?
22.4 L
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How many different units of pressure can you name? (1 CD for each one you name up to 6 CD’s)
mm Hg (or inches)pascals (Pa) or kilopascals (kPa)
atmospheres (atm)pounds per square inch (psi)
torrbars
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Which temperature scale is the best to use when working with the gas laws?
Kelvin
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You have a temperature of a sample of gas at 205 K. What
temperature in oC is this?
-68oC
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You have 28 grams of nitrogen gas at 0oC and a pressure of 760 mm of Hg.
What is its volume?
22.4 L
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You have 14 grams of nitrogen gas at 0oC and a pressure of 760 mm of Hg.
What is its volume?
11.2 L
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You have 28 grams of nitrogen gas at 273 K and a pressure of 0.5 atm.
What is its volume?
44.8 L
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You have 14 grams of nitrogen gas at 0oC and a pressure of 380 mm of Hg.
What is its volume?
22.4 L
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True or False. Air pressure increases as you go higher in altitude (up to the top of a
mountain).
False
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Chemical equations must be balanced to satisfy _____
the law of conservation of mass
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What is Avogadro’s number?
6.02 x 1023 particles per mole
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The pressure in a gas container is 237 mm Hg. How many atmospheres
(atm) is this?
0.31 atm
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If you have 1 mole of a gas at 1.0 atm, what does the ideal gas
law simplify down to.
V = RT
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The volume of gas is doubled while the temperature is held constant. How does the gas
pressure change?
Reduced by one half
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What is a precipitate?
A solid that forms during a chemical reaction