Preached against alcohol Preached against alcohol What is he preaching about now???What is he preaching about now???

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ykn8YcIbmfohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ykn8YcIbmfoBilly Sunday preaching Billy Sunday preaching

Remember Remember Billy Billy SundaySunday??

• Return to traditional faith and values Return to traditional faith and values • Strict interpretation of the bibleStrict interpretation of the bible

• Follow the bible exactly as it is writtenFollow the bible exactly as it is written

• Starts in the South, rural areas Starts in the South, rural areas

• Based on Sunday’s message, why Based on Sunday’s message, why now??now??

• Changing societyChanging society creating “loose” creating “loose” morals morals • GangstersGangsters• FlappersFlappers• More women workingMore women working• Dating practicesDating practices• Teenagers going to HSTeenagers going to HS

• Modern societyModern society causing a focus on causing a focus on science over religion science over religion • Darwin’s theory of evolution gains steam Darwin’s theory of evolution gains steam

The Rise of Fundamentalism in the 1920sThe Rise of Fundamentalism in the 1920s

The Fundamentals (1910-1915), a twelve-volume set of essays designed to combat Liberal theology, the movement grew by leaps and bounds after World War I.

• For most of New Jersey history, it was forbidden to engage in For most of New Jersey history, it was forbidden to engage in "dancing, singing, fiddling, or other music for the sake of "dancing, singing, fiddling, or other music for the sake of merriment" on a Sunday.merriment" on a Sunday.

• So, on Sunday, Aug. 28, 1921, all of Trenton's movie theaters So, on Sunday, Aug. 28, 1921, all of Trenton's movie theaters opened for business, in outright defiance of the law.opened for business, in outright defiance of the law.– In Newark, Hoboken and many Shore towns, authorities figured In Newark, Hoboken and many Shore towns, authorities figured

they were free to let movies open on Sundays.they were free to let movies open on Sundays.– 16,000 signatures against opening on Sundays16,000 signatures against opening on Sundays– On August 28On August 28thth the police arrested the movie theater owner, the police arrested the movie theater owner,

manager, cashier and receptionistmanager, cashier and receptionist– In 1924 the people voted a “liberal” into office – 1933 Trenton In 1924 the people voted a “liberal” into office – 1933 Trenton

removed blue laws (except Bergen County’s ban on commercial removed blue laws (except Bergen County’s ban on commercial activities)activities)

The Struggle Between Old & The Struggle Between Old & NewNew

Some wanted to adapt religion Some wanted to adapt religion to new ways and ideas, others to new ways and ideas, others resented and feared these resented and feared these developments developments

The Conflict: What was the place of The Conflict: What was the place of

religion in American societyreligion in American society??

Fundamentalists Fundamentalists gain power in gain power in government:government: Blue Laws Blue Laws to to

protect traditional protect traditional American values American values

Stop teaching of Stop teaching of evolutionevolution

Fundamentalists Fight Changing Fundamentalists Fight Changing AmericaAmerica

William William Jennings Bryan, Jennings Bryan, “[i]t is better to “[i]t is better to trust in the trust in the Rock of Ages, Rock of Ages, than to know than to know the age of the the age of the rocks; it is rocks; it is better for one to better for one to know that he is know that he is close to the close to the Heavenly Heavenly Father, than to Father, than to know how far know how far the stars in the the stars in the heavens are heavens are apart.“apart.“

1925: 1925: Butler Bill Butler Bill (TN) – (TN) – makes it illegal tomakes it illegal to, , "to teach "to teach any theory that denies the story of any theory that denies the story of divine creation as taught by the divine creation as taught by the Bible and to teach instead that man Bible and to teach instead that man was descended from a lower order was descended from a lower order of animals."of animals." 71 to 571 to 5 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P9I

O4dj_BqQ

Fundamentalist Fight the Fundamentalist Fight the Teaching of EvolutionTeaching of Evolution

ACLU (American Civil ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union) offered to Liberties Union) offered to support anyone who would support anyone who would challenge the lawchallenge the law

John Scopes, biology John Scopes, biology teacher Dayton, TN, agreed teacher Dayton, TN, agreed to test the lawto test the law Why do you need to test the Why do you need to test the

law in order to fight it?law in order to fight it?

Scopes arrested & case Scopes arrested & case goes to trial goes to trial

A Fight Between Old & A Fight Between Old & NewNew

Trial is like a carnivalTrial is like a carnival Broadcast & thousands watched Broadcast & thousands watched

(Prosecutor) William J Bryan (Prosecutor) William J Bryan to to Darrow, making a “slur at the Bible" Darrow, making a “slur at the Bible"

(Defense Attorney) Clarence (Defense Attorney) Clarence Darrow Darrow to Bryan, "fool ideas that no to Bryan, "fool ideas that no intelligent Christian on earth intelligent Christian on earth believes.“believes.“

Darrow asks for guilt verdict so can Darrow asks for guilt verdict so can appeal - $100 fineappeal - $100 fine

1927 Butler law found constitutional 1927 Butler law found constitutional by state supreme courtby state supreme court Law remains for another 40 years!!!Law remains for another 40 years!!! Evolution not in textbooks until 1960sEvolution not in textbooks until 1960s

The “Monkey Trial”The “Monkey Trial”

"As a man and as a "As a man and as a legend, Bryant was legend, Bryant was destroyed by his destroyed by his testimony that day" his testimony that day" his performance described performance described by the press as "pitiable, by the press as "pitiable, punch drunk warrior" punch drunk warrior"

Darrow came off "as Darrow came off "as something of an anti-something of an anti-religious cynic“religious cynic“

Bryan wins the case, but loses the argumentBryan wins the case, but loses the argument

What does this tell us about What does this tell us about the 1920s?the 1920s?

1926 Mississippi banned teaching evolution1926 Mississippi banned teaching evolution 1928 Arkansas 1928 Arkansas 1967 TN repeals Butler Act1967 TN repeals Butler Act 1968 1968 – In – In Epperson v. ArkansasEpperson v. Arkansas, the Supreme , the Supreme

Court strikes down an Arkansas law banning the Court strikes down an Arkansas law banning the teaching of evolutionteaching of evolution

1973 TN – must teach creation & evolution 1973 TN – must teach creation & evolution disclaimer , later LA does same thingdisclaimer , later LA does same thing UnconstitutionalUnconstitutional

Still a debate…. Still a debate….

And the controversy And the controversy continues… continues…

State level – Blue Laws State level – Blue Laws Blue laws, 1961 upheld Blue laws, 1961 upheld McGowan v. McGowan v.

Maryland;Maryland; CT no retail on Sundays until 1970sCT no retail on Sundays until 1970s Bergen County, NJ – commercial ban Bergen County, NJ – commercial ban PA, cars, hunting, until 2003 alcohol PA, cars, hunting, until 2003 alcohol Utah, alcohol and automobilesUtah, alcohol and automobiles SC, before 1:30 – sporting events SC, before 1:30 – sporting events

Selman v. Dobb County GA (2005)Selman v. Dobb County GA (2005) Textbook disclaimerTextbook disclaimer

Fundamentalist role in Fundamentalist role in governmentgovernment