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NEUTRALIZATION REACTIONSBy Ms. Lan (Mar. 2012)

+Neutralization Reactions

A chemical reaction in which an acid and base react to form an ionic compound (salt) and water.

The acid and base react to form products that have a pH closer to 7 than the reactants.

+Predicting Products

Generally, neutralization reactions follow a double displacement reaction.

For our purposes, the products will always be water and an ionic compound/salt.

acid + base water + ionic compound

Ex. 1: HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) H2O(l) + NaCl(aq)

Ex. 2: H3PO4(aq) + 3 KOH(aq) ??

H3PO4(aq) + 3 KOH(aq) 3H2O(l) + K3PO4(aq)

+Antacids Stomach acid is required to digest food. The stomach is

lined with mucous to protect the rest of the body from the stomach acid.

Sometimes the acid might “reflux” back into the esophagus or irritate the stomach lining.

Antacids can neutralize the stomach acid and provide relief.

Common antacids contain magnesium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate. 2HCl(aq) + Mg(OH)2(aq) 2H2O(l) + MgCl2(aq)

HCl(aq) + NaHCO3(aq) CO2(g) + H2O(l) + NaCl(aq)

+Neutralizing Chemical Spills

On Mar. 31, 2007 a trail carrying 150,000 L of sulfuric acid derailed and spilled some of the acid in a river.

To neutralize the acid leaking from their containers, calcium oxide (lime), CaO(s), was added to the river upstream from the spill site.

Lime neutralized the acid in 2 steps: 1) CaO(s) + H2O(l) Ca(OH)2(aq)

2) Ca(OH)2(s) + H2SO4(aq) 2H2O(l) + CaSO4(aq)

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