materials in the natural environment that people value and use to satisfy their needs. give some...
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Resources and Land Use
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Natural Resources
Materials in the natural environment that people value and use to satisfy their needs.
Give some examples of natural resources you use on a daily basis.
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Geographers Study:
1. The ways that people use world resources.
2. Where resources are located. 3. How resources are distributed. 4. How the use of resources affect the
earth.
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Renewable Resources
Regenerated or replaced by the environment Soil Water Sun Wind
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Renewable energy sources Water Power: energy from falling water to power
machines to generate electricity Geothermal Energy: produced from the earth’s
internal heat Solar Energy: produced from the sun’s radiation Wind Power: conversion of wind energy to
generate electricity
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Nonrenewable Resource
Cannot be replaced once used Minerals Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) Iron, copper, aluminum, uranium, gold
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Energy Sources
Fossil Fuels: formed by ancient plant and animal remains (over millions of years) Unevenly spread around the world Limited amount/Likely to run out Causes pollution/hurts the environment
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Global Gas Prices
Netherlands $6.48 Norway $6.27 Italy $5.96 Denmark $5.93 Sweden $5.80 London $5.79 Germany $5.57 France $5.54 Saudi Arabia $0.91 Kuwait $0.78 Egypt $0.65 Nigeria $0.38 Venezuela $0.12
As of 2005
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Cost of a Tank
Crude Oil + Refining Process
+ Retail Sales/Distribution + Taxes
= Gas Price
69%
6%
10%
15%
23.46
2.04
3.04
5.1
34.00
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The earth’s resources are not evenly distributed around the world
Affects: where people live, economic activities, trade, etc.
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How do you get what you want and need?
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Economic Activities
Economic Activities: what people do in order to acquire the things they need and the luxuries they desire
4 categories Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary
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Economic Activities
1. Primary Economic Activities: rely directly on natural resources Examples: fishing, forestry, mining, farming,
hunting/gathering, herding
Subsistence Farming VS Commercial Farming
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Economic Activities
2. Secondary Economic Activities: people use raw materials to produce new products of greater value Examples: pressing wheat to make flour,
manufacturing
Cottage Industry VS Commercial Industry
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Economic Activities
3. Tertiary Economic Activities: do not directly gather or process raw materials – instead they pursue activities that serve others Examples: doctors, salespeople, truck
drivers, firefighters, police
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Economic Activities
4. Quaternary Economic Activities: acquisition, processing, and sharing of information Examples: education, government, information
processing, research, Lawyers
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Global Trade Patterns
Exports: goods sent out of the country Imports: goods brought into the country
Governments attempt to maintain a balance
Deficit = domestic businesses lose profits/fail, unemployment rises, nation’s debt to other countries rises
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Economic Systems
Traditional Economy – families produce what they need - (personal use/little trade)
Market Economy – (Free enterprise) – Capitalism Private individuals/groups decide what to produce, how much to produce, and at what price
Law of supply and demand
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Economic Systems
Command Economy – controlled by a single, central government
Economic decisions made by government leaders (what and how much to produce at what price)
Decisions made to achieve social or political goals (Communism)
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Economic Systems
Mixed Economy – mixture of all three
SocialismGovernment should run some
industriesGovernment should provide some
goods and servicesTo pay for services, usually impose
high taxes
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Economic Development
Developed: Modern industrial societies High standard of living, higher education
levels, live longer Digital technologies, communications,
transportation
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Economic Development
Underdeveloped: lower levels of prosperity
Lack adequate industries and modern technology
Depend on developed countries for manufactured goods
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Economic Development
Developing: show evidence of political, economic, and social progress
One measure – per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Total value of goods and services produced in
a country in a year/total population
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Quiz (18 points)
1. Why has the world’s population increased rapidly over time?
2. How is population density calculated? 3. List the 4 economic activities and give an
example of each. 4. List and describe 3 economic systems used
in the world. 5. What is wrong with having a deficit when it
comes to importing and exporting?