Maintaining fluid balance is crucial in health and wellness

Fluid intake should * fluid output

70% of adult body consists of water◦ 1% short= *◦ 5% short= slight shortage◦ 12% short= possible death

Daily recommendation: * of body weight in ounces◦ Ex: Weight: 140 lbs

Should drink a minimum 70 oz of water per day

Average * output= 1500 cc’s

Water is also lost from:◦ Skin◦ Insensible water loss: 200-400 cc’s

Lungs: 400cc Gastrointestinal tract : 100 cc’s

◦ Sensible water loss: * Ex: urination

Excessive loss of body fluid

Causes◦ Diarrhea◦ Vomiting◦ Bleeding◦ Excessive perspiration *◦ Poor fluid intake

Symptoms◦ Fever is present◦ * urine output◦ Urine is concentrated◦ *◦ Membranes are dry and it is difficult to swallow.◦ Tongue is coated and thickened.◦ Skin becomes hard, cracks and is dry and warm

Swelling

Causes◦ High *◦ Infections◦ Injuries or burns◦ Certain kidney diseases◦ Certain heart diseases or heart inefficiencies◦ Sitting too long in one position

Symptoms

◦ * in urine output◦ Gain in weight◦ Puffiness or swelling◦ Sometimes *

All liquid taken by mouth

Any food item that turns to * at room temperature◦ gelatin, ice cream, ice

All fluid taken by *

All NG irrigation fluid

Any liquid or solid that is leaving the body◦ Urine◦ * (vomit)◦ Suctioned secretions◦ Drainage◦ Stool◦ Excessive perspiration

Chart any fluid taken in and any fluid that is eliminated.

Record in * (ml). (1 cc= 1ml)

To convert ounces to milliliters:◦ 30 X (number of ounces) = number of ml

Things to know:

◦ 1 Tbsp=*

◦ 30 mL=*

◦ 1 tsp=*

◦ 1 cc=*

◦ 1 cup = *oz = * ml

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In hospital settings, international time, also known as military time, is used exclusively

Orders are written 24 hours a day and all medical-related caretakers must understand exactly when the order was written and when the medication or treatment is to take place

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