IntroductionCompositeColloid structureTechnical propertyTechnical propertyStandards and choices

Petroleum Asphalt

§8.2 Basic Components of Water Proofing Material

Waterproofing propertyViscosityPlasticityTemperature stabilityAtmosphere stability

Technical Property

Petroleum asphalt has the characteristics Hydrophobic

Compact structureStrong adhesive

force Good plasticity

Waterproofing Property

Petroleum asphalt has the characteristics : hydrophobic, compact structure, strong adhesive force and good plasticity. So it has good performance moisture-proofing and water proofing material.

well moisture-proofing and water proofing material

Waterproofing Property

Viscosity

It refers to a property which can hinder the relative flow among asphalt. It has an ability of deformation resistance against the outer force. It is an important index of petroleum asphalt properties.

Absolute viscosityViscosity can be expressed by absolute viscosity. But it is often replaced by relative viscosity because the test methods are complicate.

Relative viscosity penetration degree - solid or semi-solid petroleum asphalt Normal viscosity - liquid petroleum asphalt

Index and Test MethodIndex and Test Method

Viscosity

Penetration Degree

It refers to relative viscidity of solid It refers to relative viscidity of solid and semi-solid petroleum asphalt.and semi-solid petroleum asphalt.

DefinitionDefinition

Test InstrumentTest Instrument

Penetro-meter showPenetro-meter shown in Fig.8.2.2.n in Fig.8.2.2.

Fig.8.2.2 Penetro-meterFig.8.2.2 Penetro-meter

Test Conditions and Methods

Put the 100g load-staPut the 100g load-standard needle into the 2ndard needle into the 25 specimen in 5 secon℃5 specimen in 5 secon℃ds. ds.

Read the depth of the Read the depth of the penetrometer in the spepenetrometer in the specimen (Fig.8.2.3 ).cimen (Fig.8.2.3 ). Fig.8.2.3 Sketch map of Fig.8.2.3 Sketch map of

penetration degree testpenetration degree test

Penetration Degree

Relation Between Index and PropertyRelation Between Index and Property

Hardener

Lower penetration degree

Higher viscosity

The relationship The relationship between penetration between penetration degree and viscosity is degree and viscosity is the lower the the lower the penetration degree, the penetration degree, the higher the viscosity, higher the viscosity, the hardener the the hardener the Petroleum Asphalt Petroleum Asphalt

It refers to relative viscidity of liquid It refers to relative viscidity of liquid petroleum asphalt.petroleum asphalt.

Standard ViscidityStandard Viscidity

Normal viscidity instrumentNormal viscidity instrumentTest the time of the 50cm³ asphaTest the time of the 50cm³ aspha

lt flowing through the required dilt flowing through the required diameterameter(3,5,10mm) in the required tempe(3,5,10mm) in the required temperature(20rature(20 、、 2525、、 3030、、 60℃60℃））

DefinitionDefinition

TestTest

Fig.8.2.4 Normal viscidity instrument

Plasticity

Index

Definition

Plasticity is a kind of property that petroleum Plasticity is a kind of property that petroleum asphalt keeps the shape after distortion.asphalt keeps the shape after distortion.

DuctilityDuctility

Testmake the asphalt sample as pattern standard make the asphalt sample as pattern standard

mold at 25 ℃mold at 25 ℃have a draw test at 5cm/min speedhave a draw test at 5cm/min speedthe ductility is the length of the asphalt when the ductility is the length of the asphalt when it breaksit breaks

Test

stronger ductility

better plasticity

Flash of Flash of ductility test test

Plasticity

Temperature stability refers to the Temperature stability refers to the change of viscosity and plasticity of change of viscosity and plasticity of petroleum asphalt with temperature petroleum asphalt with temperature transformation.transformation.

Softening pointSoftening point

Definition

Index

Temperature StabilityTemperature Stability

Test InstrumentTest Instrument

Ring and Ball Softening Point Instrument

softening point temperature stability

Fig.8.2.5 Ring and Ball Fig.8.2.5 Ring and Ball Softening Point InstrumentSoftening Point Instrument

RelationshipRelationship

Temperature StabilityTemperature Stability

Test Conditions and Methods

Fig 8.2.6 Sketch Fig 8.2.6 Sketch map of ductility testmap of ductility test

Put the asphalt sample into the required copper ring (D=16mm,h=6mm), where a steel ball was put on. Dip them into the water or the glycerine and heat them in required velocity (5 /min). After ℃that, make the asphalt fall down . The temperature is the softening point when the asphalt falls to the required point.

Temperature StabilityTemperature Stability

BackBack

Atmosphere stability Atmosphere stability refers that refers that petroleum asphalt resists aging in resists aging in heat, oxygen and wet heat, oxygen and wet conditions.conditions.

Index

Atmosphere Atmosphere StabilityStability

Definition

It was evaluated by thIt was evaluated by the loss of evaporation ane loss of evaporation and the penetration grade d the penetration grade after the evaporation.after the evaporation.

(The standard of pavement asphalt): 50g asphalt container D=5.5×35， 163 for 5 hours℃

less loss → more stable

RelationshipRelationship

weightoriginal the

weight loss then evaporatio of Loss

Test of the loss of evaporation

Atmosphere Atmosphere StabilityStability

Test of the ratio of penetration degree after evaporation

(The standard of pavement asphalt): make 50ml asphalt 3.2mm thick, oven（ 163 5h℃ ）

degreen penetratio original

n evaporatioafter degreen penetration evaporatioafter degreen penetratio of ratio The

The greater the ratio of penetration degree after evaporation, the more stable

RelationshipRelationship

Atmosphere Atmosphere StabilityStability